History of the University of Edinburgh from its foundation

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HISTORY

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH

FROM ITS FOUNDATION.

BY ANDREW DALZEL

PROFESSOR OF GREEK IN THAT UNIVERSITY

WITH A MEMOIR OF THE AUTHOR

VOL. II. HISTORY.

EDINBURGH

EDMONSTON AND DOUGLAS
1862.

PREFATORY NOTICE.

IN printing the following work, the Author's
MS. has been carefully adhered to, with only a few
verbal corrections. PROFESSOR DALZEI/S intention
evidently was to have continued his HISTORY OF THE
UNIVERSITY, in the form of Annals, to the commence-
ment of the present century, but it terminates abruptly
about the year 1723, when the University had laid
the foundation of its eminence as a School of Medi-
cine. This intention appears from the table of Con-
tents prefixed to his MS., in which he has given the
titles of two additional chapters, but which, judging
from the state of the existing manuscript, were pro-
bably never written. We cannot, therefore, but feel
regret that this portion of Professor Dalzel's History,
which would have embraced an account of his own
times, was left unfinished, if we consider the facili-
ties of daily and familiar intercourse that existed at a
period when several of the Professors resided within
the Collegiate buildings, and when so many eminent
men were associated with the University. The titles
of these two chapters are as follows :

vi PREFACE.

" Chapter VII. From the institution of the Medical
" Faculty to the time of Dr. Robertson as Principal,
" in 1762.

" Chapter VIII. From the beginning of Dr. Robert-
" son's presiding over the College, till the end of the
" eighteenth century."

There however remains, as materials to be employed
for the illustration of this part of his subject, a series
of extracts from the Records of. the Town-Council,
between August 1724 and May 1779, which the
Author had made with considerable labour and care.
These extracts have been compared with the Council
Records ; and as furnishing a variety of facts illus-
trative of the history of the University during that
period, they have been inserted in the Appendix,
No. V.

In connexion with the History of the University,
Professor Dalzel intended to have prepared lists and
biographical notices of the Professors in the various
chairs. Having only partially completed this part of
his plan, the portions which were actually written are
given in the subsequent pages; 1 and a few documents
marked to be inserted, have been supplied in the Ap-
pendix. It may also be mentioned, that a complete
Chronological List of the Principals, Regents, and Pro-
fessors is contained in the volume entitled " A Cata-

1 See footnote to page 330.

PREFACE. Vll

logue of the Graduates in the Faculties of Arts, Divi-
nity, and Law, of the University of Edinburgh," pub-
lished in 1858. I find, however, from Mr. Dalzel's
researches, as embodied in the present work, that the
above List of Regents, from 1583 to 1707, needs re-
vision, by forming a separate list of Professors of
Humanity during that period.

Having been requested to act as Editor of the fol-
lowing work, as I could not, without assistance, devote
to it the time that would be requisite, it is but proper
to state, that I was assisted by the Rev. James Ander-
son, author of the "Ladies of the Covenant/' and
other works ; and that he undertook not only the
necessary task of searching out and collating the
various papers to which reference is made in the
course of the History, but also the more serious part
of transcribing and arranging the Author's manuscript
for the press.

DAVID LAING.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTEE I.

PA<;K
From the Institution of the College in 1582 to the Accession of

James vi. to the Crown of England in 1603, ... 1

CHAPTER IT.
From the Accession of James vi. in 1603 to his Death in 1625, . 52

CHAPTER III.

From the Beginning of the Reign of Charles i. to the Restoration of

Charles n. f . . . . . . . 81

CHAPTER IV.

From the Restoration to the Revolution in 1 688, . . . 186

CHAPTER V.

From the Revolution to the New Regulations respecting the Regents

of Philosophy in 1708, ...... 226

CHAPTER VI.

From the New Arrangement respecting the Regents of Philosophy

to the Institution of the Medical Faculty in 1723, . 304

SEPARATE NOTICES.

Principals of the University. . . . . . .331

Rectors of the University. ...... 333

Professors of Divinity in the University, .... 334

x CONTENTS.

PACK

Professors of Mathematics in the University, 336

The Library and Librarians, * 345

Professors of Humanity, ..... 355

APPENDIX.

I. Elegiac Verses to the Memory of Principal Rollock, 1599, . 373

II. The Printed Theses of the Regents and Students of Philo-
sophy, 1556-1707, ...... 375

J1I The Discipline of the College of Edinburgh, December 3,

1628 ; wherein is contained the Offices and Duties of the
Professors, Masters, Scholars, Bursars, and Servants, as it
has been observed many years ago, . . . 376

IV. Mortifications to the College, and the Sums thereof restand

in the Town's hands, ..... 387

V. Extracts from the Edinburgh Town-Council Records relating

to the University, from August 12, 1724, to May 9, 1779, . 394

VI. Mr. Clement Littill's Deed of Conveyance of his Library to

the Town -Council of Edinburgh for the College, 1582, . 452

VII Memorandums for a History of the University of Edinburgh

from the Year 1646, ..... 455

INDEX. . . 457

HISTORY

OF THK

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH

CHAPTER I.

FROM THE INSTITUTION OF THE COLLEGE IN 1582 TO THE ACCESSION
OF JAMES VI. TO THE CROWN OF ENGLAND IN 1603.

SOON after the reformation of religion in Scotland,
which was established in the year 1560, the Magistrates
and Town-Council of Edinburgh, with the Ministers
and other respectable Citizens, were solicitous to pro-
mote the cause of learning and the liberal education of
the youth, which had, during the troubles of the king-
dom, been much neglected. They considered, also,
that it was attended with great inconvenience and ex-
pense to send away the youth from the capital of the
kingdom to be educated at St. Andrews, or any other
university at a distance ; and especially that parents
in narrow circumstances, however willing, were alto-
gether unable to bestow a learned education on such
of their sons as seemed to be possessed of talents fitted
for literary pursuits. 1 They therefore proposed that a isei.

. . . . Proposal to

University should be founded in their own city ; and JSty 171 "

1 Robertson, Vitae et Mortis Rob. Rolloci Narratio, p. 5. Edinburgh.

2 HISTORY OF THE

they were encouraged in having this scheme carried
into execution by a legacy of 8000 merks Scots, which
had been bequeathed for that purpose, about the year
1558, by Kobert Eeid, Bishop of Orkney. But the
Abbot of Kinloss and others, who had possession of this
money, being unwilling to give it up, the Town-
Council were not able to recover it till the year 1582.
1563. They purchased, however, in the year 1563, for the
provided. sum O f one thousand pounds Scots, 1 the right to a great
part of the ground and buildings which had belonged
to the Provost and Prebendaries of the Collegiate Kirk
of Field, anciently denominated " Templum et Prsefec-
tura Sanctae Marise in Campis," to be a site for their
intended College. This is the very place which the
University buildings now partly occupy, and which,
before the South Bridge was erected, included also the
space betwixt the east front of the New College and
the Eoyal Infirmary, through which the street now
passes, but which was formerly garden ground.

This place was soon after rendered remarkable by
the unhappy fate of Henry Lord Darnley, husband to
the Queen. The apartments where he lodged, and
which were blown up by gunpowder on the 1 Oth of
February 1567, were either the same which had been
possessed by the Provost of the Kirk of Field, or the
lodgings of the Prebendaries in the vicinity of the Pro-
vost's house to the east. This house was afterwards

1 Pennycuick, Parson of that Ilk, and Nicol Hutcheson, one of the Preben-
Provost of the Kirk of Field, dispones daries of the Kirk of Field, resigns his
to the town the haill bigging called the prebend in favour of the town, for pay-
Kirk of Field, with the kirkyeard, for ment of 70 merks. Ibid. vol. v. Dec.
the sum of 1000 pounds Scots. Town- 30, 1579.
Council Records, vol. iv. June 21, 1563.

UNIVEKSTTY OF EDINBURGH. 8

repaired, and appropriated as a habitation for the
Principal of the College. It yet remains (1803),
situated almost upon the spot which the centre of the
Museum and Library are destined to occupy in the
plan of the new fabric. But neither the house, nor
the garden to the eastward, were got possession of by
the Town-Council till several years after the founda
tion of the College. They had entered into a contract
with John Gib, servitor to the King's Grace, whereby
they obliged themselves to convey to John Fenton,
Comptroller's Clerk, and Agnes Lindsay, his spouse,
and the said John's heirs, that tenement or lodging,
then waste and decayed, sometime pertaining to the
Provost of the Kirk of Field, with the garden, etc.,
upon this condition, that Fenton and his wife should
pay a feu-annual of 50 shillings Scots yearly, and ac-
knowledge the Town as their Superior ; and the said
John Gib renounces his pretended right of supe-
riority for the sum of 300 merks paid to him by the
town. 1

In the year 1579, by the strenuous exertions of Mr. 157

'9.

The Town

Clement Little, Advocate, and one of the Commissaries council <i.

termine to
begin the

of Edinburgh, Mr. Henry Charteris, a respectable citi-
zen, Mr. James Lawson, a minister of the city, a man
of talents and of considerable learning, and who had
formerly been sub-Principal of King's College, Aber-
deen, the Town-Council at length determined to begin
the work ; but the Archbishop of St. Andrews and the
Bishop of Aberdeen had still sufficient influence to sus- iwt are pre
pend the undertaking, as injurious to the Universities

1 Town-Council Records, vol. vi. p. 128.

vented.

4: HISTORY OF THE

already established in the kingdom. The High Gram-
mar School, however, was built and endowed at this
time in the place where the monastery of the Black-
friars, then in ruins, was formerly situated.

But ^ ^ e 7 ear 1581 > the Episcopal faction having
lost its power in the Church of Scotland, the Ministers
of Edinburgh, particularly Mr. James Lawson and Mr.
Walter Balcanquhal, supported by Mr. William Little,
afterwards Provost of the city, and his brother, Mr.
Clement, the Commissary, seized the opportunity to
urge the design of erecting a College. The work of
building and repairing was accordingly begun, and
carried forward with great diligence and industry.
The accommodation, however, thus provided, did not
consist of one regularly designed magnificent structure,
such as was then, and is now, exhibited by a College
in either of the two Universities of England ; but was
patched up, partly by repairing such old buildings as
were found upon the spot, and partly by the addition
of others constructed upon the most frugal plan. An
old irregular pile of building, adjoining to the Kirk of
Field, which had been the town residence of the Duke
of Chatelherault and his family, but now obtained by
the Town-Council of Edinburgh, in consequence of the
forfeiture of the Hamiltons by the Regent, Earl of
Morton, was fitted up and converted into apartments
for different classes of students, to be there instructed
by the new Professors ; and it remained appropriated
for this purpose for more than two centuries, when it
was lately demolished to give way for the new build-
ings. It stood in a transverse direction from north to

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 5

south, in the place now occupied by the classes for the
practice of Physic and Moral Philosophy, in the very
centre of the north side of the great inner quadrangle
of the New College. Other buildings were gradually
added, but according to no regular plan ; so that the
whole academical fabric, even in its most complete
state, exhibited but a mean and motley appearance.
Such as it was, however, it might be regarded as a
great exertion made in behalf of learning, considering
the state of the city of Edinburgh, and the finances of
the country at that period.

Antecedent to the Eeformation, a Bull of the Pope
used to be considered as necessary for giving the pro-
per authority to erect a college or university ; and,
accordingly, the ancient Universities of St. Andrews
and of Glasgow, and King's College, Aberdeen, had
derived their privileges and authority from that source.
But the Papal influence being annihilated in Scotland
previous to the existence of the College of Edinburgh,
the citizens looked towards the King as possessed of
the only legal power for giving a sanction to their new
institution. James the Sixth was then upon the
throne; and, fortunately, his education had been so
conducted by his chief preceptor, the celebrated George
Buchanan, as to inspire him with a great respect and
an uncommon passion for learning. Even at the age
of twelve, he himself had made considerable progress
in it, and discovered then such a maturity of judg-
ment, that, with the approbation of his subjects, he
had superseded the Earl of Morton, Regent of the
kingdom, and assumed the reins of government into

6 HISTORY OF THE

his own hands. l He was now in his seventeenth year,
and gave his countenance to the Magistrates and Town-
Council of Edinburgh in their scheme of erecting a
College. His mother, Queen Mary, by her charter,
dated the 13th of March 1566, had bestowed many of
the church's possessions and emoluments within the
liberties of Edinburgh upon the Provost, Magistrates,
Council, and community of that city, for the behoof of
the ministers of the gospel and support of the poor,
under the general appellation of " The Foundation for
158 . 2 . the Ministers and Hospitality of Edinburgh." The
King now granted a new charter under the Great Seal,

grants a

containing a confirmation of this deed, and by an

Great Seal _ n . . _ _

authorizing additional grant not only conferring anew upon the

the founding J

of a umver- ga '^ cor p Ora ti O n the above-mentioned church posses-
sions and emoluments, to be applied by them for the
maintenance of the ministers, support of the poor, re-
pairing of schools, and propagation of letters and
sciences, according as they and their successors should
think fit ; but also giving them full power to receive
from all persons who, hereafter, out of their great zeal,
might be disposed to bestow yearly profits or rents
within or without the said town for the same purposes ;
which gifts or bequests are declared to be as fully
ratified, confirmed, and freely mortified as any other
such donations and possessions were ever before be-
queathed or granted in peipetuity to the church. This
charter also confirms and ratifies the renunciation by
John Gib, his Majesty's servant, in favour of the said
corporation and community, of all right or title which

1 Robertson's History of Scotland, Book vi.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 7

lie, in virtue of the King's gift, may or can pretend to
have to the provostry and church of the Kirk of Field,
and possessions or revenues thereof ; ratifying, more-
over, and confirming all the rights the said town has
to those void and spacious places which lately belonged
to the Provost, prebendaries, priests, and friars of the
said Kirk of Field ; which situation is declared to be
extremely commodious for " the erection of apartments
and edifices, where professors of liberal science and
literature, and students thereof may reside and hold
their daily exercises, apart from the other places des-
tined for the foundation of hospitality/ 7 Wherefore,
the King's Majesty, earnestly desirous for the honour
of God, and the common good of the realm, that learn-
ing should daily increase, wills and permits by the said
charter, THAT IT SHALL BE LAWFUL FOR THE FORESAID
PROVOST AND TOWN-COUNCIL, AND THEIR SUCCESSORS,
TO BUILD AND REPAIR HOUSES FOR THE RECEPTION,
HABITATION, AND ENTERTAINMENT OF PROFESSORS OF
GRAMMAR, HUMANITY, AND LANGUAGES, PHILOSOPHY,
THEOLOGY, MEDICINE, AND LAW, AND ALL OTHER LIBE-
RAL SCIENCES- -which is declared to be no violation
of the above-mentioned foundation : and further, THAT
THE SAID PROVOST, BAILIES, AND TOWN-COUNCIL, AND
THEIR SUCCESSORS, SHALL IN ALL TIME COMING, WITH
ADVICE, HOWEVER, OF THE MINISTERS OF THE CITY,
HAVE FULL FREEDOM TO ELECT THE BEST-QUALIFIED
PERSONS THEY MOST CONVENIENTLY CAN, FOR THE DIS-
CHARGE OF THE SAID OFFICES, WITH POWER TO 1NSTAL
AND REMOVE THEM AS IT SHALL BE FOUND EXPEDIENT I
and prohibiting all other persons from teaching the

HISTORY OF THE

said sciences within the said town, unless by permis-
sion of the said Provost, Bailies, and Council.
The charter This charter, which is dated at the Castle of Stirling

ratified in

the 14th of April 1582, was afterwards in the year
1621, ratified by Act of Parliament, and the College,
which had been built by the Provost, Magistrates, and
Council, in consequence thereof, endowed anew with
all liberties, rights, immunities, and privileges apper-
taining to a free college ; and that in as ample form
and extensive manner as those enjoyed by any college
within his Majesty's realm.

By the original charter, the privilege of instituting
a Studium Generale is clearly and obviously granted
to the corporation of the city of Edinburgh, which is,
to all intents and purposes, the same with what is now
called a University. That this was the original appel-
lation given to universities, is evident from the style
adopted by the Popes in their bulls authorizing such
institutions.

But, though the pati-ons of this foundation had thus
obtained full powers of erecting professorships of lan-
guages, and of all the different branches of liberal
science, commonly called the four Faculties of Arts,
Theology, Law, and Medicine, composing a Studium
Generale or University, they, at the beginning, con-
fined their views to the two first, Arts and Theology,
comprehended in one college, to be called THE COL-
LEGE OF EDINBURGH.
IM.-.M or in The plan of instruction in view for this new M-mi

8 1 ruction.

imry seems to have been borrowed from that which
\v;i> adnptrd in the other colleges of Scotland : divested,

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 9

however, as much as possible, of those antiquated forms
and monastic ceremonies practised in the times of
Popery, and with which the other colleges seem to
have been very much embarrassed at the era of the
Reformation.

The first object of the patrons was to institute such
a course of instruction as should accomplish the youth
in general literature, or prepare them for entering with
advantage upon the study of Theology or of Law or
Medicine. The election of a Professor of Theology was
deemed necessary, as soon as the students intended
for the holy ministry should be ready for profiting by
his lectures, but it was late before the sciences of Law
and Medicine were regularly taught in the University
of Edinburgh ; and it long remained the custom for
such of the youth as were designed for the practice of
either of these, to acquire a knowledge of them in
foreign universities, from whence many of them who
studied physic, and some who studied law, returned to
their native country decorated with the doctor's degree. 1

Four Regents or Professors of Philosophy, with a
Principal, who was also Professor of Theology, were
therefore all the instructors employed in the College
of Edinburgh for some time after its origin. A Pro-
fessor of Humanity or Philosophy, whose chief business
was to teach Latin to the younger part of the stu-
dents, upon their first entry to the College, was after
wards added ; and in process of time a Professor of

i In King's College, Aberdeen, among were professors of the Civil and Canon

the original members founded by Bishop Law, and also a professor of Medicine.

Elphinston, soon after the institution See Statistical Account, p. 63.
of the University in the year 1491, there

10 HISTORY OF THE

Mathematics, a Professor of Hebrew, and others, were
gradually introduced.
The duty of The duty of the four Kegents or Professors of Philo-

the Regents . t

of Phno ssors s phy was to instruct their pupils in the knowledge of
the Greek language, and in the different branches of
philosophy, as logic, metaphysics, ethics, physics, in-
cluding the elements of mathematics and astronomy ;
a previous acquaintance with the Latin tongue, in
which these instructions were to be conveyed, being
deemed absolutely necessary. All the different parts
of that course, which was to last for four years, with
an annual vacation of six weeks or two months, were
taught by each of the four Professors to that class of
students who entered under his tuition at their first
coming to College ; so that, when one Professor was in
the first year of the course, another was in the second,
another in the third, and another in the fourth, always

The four in rotation. Those students who were in the first year
f *^e course ? an d employed for the first month in
learning Latin, and afterwards Greek, were called
" Classis Bejanorum," or "The Bejan Class ;" those in
the second year, during which logic and metaphysics
were chiefly taught, were called " Classis Semi Bejan-
orum," or the " Semi Class ;" those in the third year,
when ethics and mathematics were the chief subjects
of instruction, were called " Classis Baccalaureorum,"
or " The Bachelor Class;" and those in the fourth yeafc,
which was chiefly spent upon physics and astronomy,
were styled "Classis Magistrandorum," or " The JVLiuis-
tnmd Class." The Professor who had the charge <>1
the Magistrand Class concluded the quadrii'iininl course

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 1 1

by having the degree of M.A. conferred upon all his
students, after they had held a solemn public disputa-
tion upon those branches of science, in which he had
instructed them. This act was commonly called " The
Laureation of the Class." The session of the College The a, u.a

tionorLau-

commenced about the 10th, or, as it was then, the lst reation
of October, and continued till about the beginning of
August. After the students had received the degree
of M.A., they were understood to be qualified for
entering upon the study of Theology, Law, or Physic.
In the month of March 1583, the Town-Council IMS.

March.

gave orders to complete the enclosure of the College
buildings ; and that the instruction of youth in their
new institution might be no longer delayed, they in-
vited from St. Andrews Mr. Kobert Rollock, to be the
first who should enter upon that charge. He was a
man of great reputation for prudence, piety, and learn-
ing, and was well acquainted with the academical
method of teaching then practised ; for he had for
several years held the office of Professor of Humanity
in St. Salvator's College, and being afterwards pro-
moted to a professorship of Philosophy, was at the
time carrying forward a class of students in the fourth
year of their course, with a view to laureate or graduate
them in the beginning of the next August. Having
accepted of the invitation of the Town-Council of
Edinburgh, he prepared for commencing his instruc-
tions in their new College in the following October.

On the llth of that month proclamation was made Oct. n.

Pri x-lama-

by the Town-Council, requiring all scholars and stu- j^JSJlSs
dents who desired to be instructed in the College to

1 2 HISTORY OF THE

present themselves before one of the Magistrates, and
enrol their names. 1 A great number appeared, at-
tracted by the reputation of Rollock. With these it
was his intention to enter upon the usual employment
of the first year of the quadrennial course ; and ac-
cordingly he began to teach in the lower hall of

Srssion I. J

SShtoJj; Hamilton House, now converted into rooms for the
accommodation of the College. But finding that, of
the great number who had enrolled under his tuition,
many were too deficient in the knowledge of Latin for
enteiing with advantage upon the philosophical course,
and no Professor of Humanity being yet established in
this new seminary, whose business it would have been
to remedy this defect, he recommended to the patrons

Mr. Duucan Mr. Duncan Nairne, a young man of good abilities and

Nairne, Be- . J & . fo

learning, to be one of the four intended Regents or
Professors of Philosophy ; but proposed that this
second Professor should, in the meantime, take under
his charge, for the first year, those who were deficient
in Latin, so as to prepare them for a new Bejan class
the ensuing session, when those under his own imme-
diate care would be in the second year of their course,
. s. and compose the Semi class. Nairne was accordingly
chosen, and this plan adopted, so that during the first
session, or first term of the College of Edinburgh, which
lasted from October 1583 till the end of August 1584,
there were only two classes of students : a Mejan class
under Mr. Robert Rollock, followed by a Latin class
under Mr. Dimean Nairne.

It seems t< have Urn the intention <>f the patrons

1 Towii-Coum-il KoconU, \<-l. \ii. in Latin.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 13

that all the students should be accommodated with students to

lodge within

lodgings, and remain in them nightly, within the Col- the c
lege ; and accordingly mention is made in the Town-
Council Records of certain regulations that were
enacted for tins purpose about this time. It was
ordered, likewise, that all of them should wear gowns, ami to w *ir
on pain of expulsion. The custom for at least a con-
siderable number of students to lodge within the Col-
lege appears to have been kept up for many years ;
but at length it went gradually into disuse, and has
long ago been entirely abandoned, as quite inconsistent
with the mode of instruction which has long prevailed.
It is probable that the order for wearing gowns was
never complied with. A proposal of this kind was
revived in the year 1690, during the time of the Par-
liamentary Visitation, but does not appear to have
been insisted on, and certainly was not carried into
effect ; nor is it to be regretted that such a badge was
never adopted. It is not easy to see with what ad-
vantage it could be attended, at least in the present
state of the University. That the Professors should
have a distinction of this kind, when they appear
officially, is of more evident utility, and therefore this
custom with respect to them continues to prevail.

For the more decent attendance on public worship, Dec. is.

1 and to at-

the gallery in the east end of the High Church was
allotted for the Professors and students, until the c
patrons should find reason for a different arrangement
in this particular. 1

About this time the state of political parties seemed

' Town-Council Records, vol. vii. Dec. 13, 1583.

14 HISTORY OF THE

stai 5 Sf po- ra ther unfavourable to the prosperity of the College.
KBSf After the faU of the Earl of Morton, Regent of the

(loll).

kingdom, the Duke of Lennox and the Earl of Arnm,
formerly Captain James Stewart, with the French
faction, had obtained an ascendant over the King. A
conspiracy of the nobles had been formed for depriving
them of their power ; and the Kong, having been de-
coyed into the Earl of Gowrie's castle of Ruthven, was
seized by the conspirators, an enterprise which is known
in history by the appellation of " The Raid of Ruth
ven ;" and though at first Arran had been committed
to prison, Lennox obliged to leave the kingdom, and
James himself under the necessity of publishing a pro-
clamation vindicating the measures of the conspirators,
whose conduct was also approved by an assembly of
the Church, and a convention of the Estates, yet the
King at length, by his own address and vigilance, had
contrived to escape out of their hands. Upon which
Arran, soon after regaining his freedom and his in-
fluence, had not only prevailed over his opponents
among the nobility, but had also induced the King to
take severe measures against the Church, which occa-
sioned the confinement or banishment of several of the
most eminent and zealous of the Presbyterian Minis
ters. Among those who had been banished were Mr.
James Lawson and Mr. Walter Balcanquhal, the former
of whom, who had strenuously promoted the founda
tion of the College, died at London much regretted

But all these unfavourable circumstances, and the
distracted and convulsed state of the kingdom, did
not interfere with the King's passion f>r learning, nor

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 15

prevent him from patronizing and endowing the infant
College. By a charter under the Great Seal, dated the
4th of April 1584, he granted for its use, and for
maintaining the Eector and Eegents thereof, the par-
sonage and vicarage of Currie, with the tithes and
church lands thereunto belonging, anciently called the
Archdeaconry of Lothian. Thus protected by the
King's favour, and encouraged by his bounty, the
Town-Council persevered steadily in carrying on the SiT

/-Nil 1 ! T 11 11 -IT ing on the

College buildings; and that the business might be con- conge
ducted with every possible advantage, they had named
one of the late magistrates, 1 to be master of work, and
treasurer or collector of the College revenue. A legacy, S e r t, is.
too, of books, consisting of about 300 volumes, which ^f
Mr. Clement Little had in the year 1580 bequeathed Library
to the town, and which had been deposited in a gallery
contiguous to Mr. Lawson's house, being removed to
the College, and delivered to the charge of Mr. Kollock,
furnished a commencement to what is now the public
Library of the University.

The two professors, Kollock and Nairne, having, in 1584
the month of August, concluded the first session of the
College, the latter, at the commencement of a new one
in October, undertook the charge of a new Bejan class,
consisting of such students as had recently entered to
the College, together with those whom he had prepared
with that view during the preceding session, while the
former went forward with his own students in the
second year of the course, and now composing the
Semi class. But unfortunately, towards the end of

1 Mr. Andrew Sclater.

16 HISTORY OF THE

isss. the year, the plague began to make its appearance, and
it increased to such a degree of violence in the course
of the following year, that in the month of May the

students were all dispersed, and the two Professors
were under the necessity of concluding the session
prematurely, and retiring from the city.

Fan of the The power and insolence of Arran, grown at last
AIT.. intolerable, were not of long duration. The banished
noblemen, protected by Elizabeth, Queen of England,
returned into their native country at the head of
10,000 men. They took possession of the town of
Stirling, and invested its castle, where the King was,
who thought it prudent to come to an accommodation
with them ; and they obtained from him a pardon in
the most ample form. A Parliament was held at Lin-
lithgow on the 10th of December, where the banished
The Exiles noblemen and gentlemen were restored to their an-

n-storr.l. . D

cient honours and estates ; but Arran, who had been
obliged to save himself by a precipitate flight, was
degraded, stripped of his wealth, and declared an
enemy to his country.

The restoration, however, of the family of Hamilton
proved of some detriment to the College. The large
fabric which composed the chief part of the College
building, and which the Duke of Chatelherault luid
formerly obtained from the Provost and Prebendaries
of the Kirk of Field, at an annual feu-rent of forty
merks, but which, during the forfeiture of the Hamilton
family, had been granted to the town of Edinburgh,
for the use of the College, was now Hainu.'d by L<ml.
afterwards the Marquis of Hamilton ; and aftrra <lis-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 1 7

agreeable litigation occasionally carried on, and which
was not terminated till the year 1613, James, the
second Marquis, with great difficulty, was prevailed
on to accept of 3000 pounds Scots from the town as
a compensation for all further claim.

Instead of the Earl of Arran, who had been made Deo. n

William

Provost of the city, by means of a letter procured Jj^ijjj-
from the King, William Little, a great promoter of 01
the interest of the College, and brother of Mr. Clement
formerly mentioned, was elected to that office in the
end of the year. About the same time, a "Short
and General Confession of the true Christian Eeligion,
according to God's Word," was subscribed in the Col-
lege by Mr. John Craig arid Mr. James Hamilton, the
two professors, Eollock and Nairne, and soon after by
Charles Lumisden ; and it was resolved and ordained
that all those who afterwards received degrees from
the College should subscribe this solemn engagement.
The original of this deed, with a great number of sub-
scriptions annexed, is still extant at the beginning of the
Graduation-book, the most curious and valuable record
in the possession of the University of Edinburgh. 1

About the beginning of the year 1586, the fear of isse.
the plague having subsided, the two professors, with session in.
the students, returned to the College in the month of
February, and resumed their studies, which had been
intermitted for about nine months. 2 Kollock's stu-
dents, being now in the third year of their course,

1 This Covenant and Confession is was carefully collated with a MS. in

published in Dunlop's Collection of the Graduation-Book of the University

Confessions of Faith, printed at Edin- of Edinburgh.

burgh by James Watson, 1722, vol. ii. 2 Town-Council Records, vol. vii.

p. 103. This printed copy bears that it January 14, 1585.

18 HISTORY OF THE

were, therefore, denominated the Bachelor class ;

Nairne's, of consequence, was now the Semi ; but,

as the College had not met in the preceding October,

there was no new Bejan class this session ; and,

Feb. o. though Rollock was elected Principal of the College

iir.u.i iMn- on j^ gt n O f the same month, he continued to teach

his class till the conclusion of the course.
Feb . m Nairne did not long survive this event, but, dying
Lumis'ien, about this time, much lamented, Mr. Charles Lumisden,

third Pn>-

SSow[.hy. wn na d been educated at St. Andrews under Rollock,
was chosen to succeed him, and carried forward the
Semi class till the end of August, when it was
thought proper to grant a vacation to the College for
one month.

October. In the beginning of October, Lumisden resigned his
Professorship, and accepted of a call to be minister
of Duddingston ; and, as it was now thought proper
that a new Bejan class should be assembled, it was
resolved to elect two new Regents by a comparative
trial. Candidates being invited by means of public

Mr. Adam progi'ams, six young men appeared and entered their
names - A public disputation was held for ten days,
and the judges appointed by the patrons divided in

favour of Mr. Adam Colt and Mr. Alexander Scrimger,
who were accordingly elected, and received as two
of the Professors of Philosophy.

The classes being assembled after the vacation,
Principal Rollock's students, now in the fourth year
of their course, composed the Maoist ram I da-: .Mr.
Colt had the charm- of the P>a<-hclor, \\hirh had been
l'iMiii l.y Nairn. . ami carried <n by Lumisdni : lmt

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 19

there was no Semi class this session, no Bejan
having existed the foregoing year. The new class
entered under the tuition of Mr. Scrimger.

The 8th of February this year was rendered re-
markable for the tragical death of Mary, mother to **sf

J ' Queen Mary

the King ; an event which leaves an indelible stain
on the memory of Queen Elizabeth her rival. Though
James be properly considered as the founder of the
University of Edinburgh, Mary had the merit of
paving the way for that establishment by her original
grant of the 13th of March 1566, by which she be-
stowed upon the Provost, Magistrates, Council, and
Community of Edinburgh the church-possessions and
emoluments within the liberties of the city, of which
a part was, by her son's deed of confirmation, after-
wards appropriated to the use of the College.

In the month of August, Mr. Robert Rollock, now August
Principal of the College, conferred the degree of M.A. graduated.
on the students of the first class educated under his
own immediate charge. Upon which occasion all of
them, being forty-seven in number, subscribed the
above-mentioned covenant. Among those who had
particularly distinguished themselves were Charles
Ferme, Philip Heslope, Henry Charteris, and Patrick
Sands, all of them afterwards Professors, and the two
last also Principals of the College.

After the solemnity of the graduation, Rollock Ro!E t2(
resigned the office of Regent, or Professor of Philo- Re f n c y ,

O ' and is made

sophy ; and the Town-Council, with the Ministers DMnitT f
and Kirk-Session of the city, by the advice and

1 1!

approbation of the Presbytery, called him to the hyea

1620

20 HISTORY OF THE

Professorship of Divinity, which office continued to
be united with that of the Principal of the College
until the year 1620.

<>,t;ober. In October, at a public comparative trial for a
successor to Mr. Rollock, in the Professorship of
Philosophy, the four scholars above-mentioned, with
some others, appeared as candidates. The judges
declared all the four, formerly named, well qualified,
Mr. Philip but, as thev approved most of Mr. Philip Heslope,

Heslope,

Sso/Jf " the patrons elected him to supply the vacated place.
He, accordingly, on the assembling of the College,
undertook the charge of the new Bejan class, Mr.
Scrimger's being the Semi (there being no Bachelor
Class for the reason formerly mentioned), and Mr.
Colt's being the Magistrand. 1
1588 . In August 1588, this class, now under the tuition

second ciass of Mr. Colt, and which had been begun by Mr.

gndntod. *

Duncan Nairne, and continued by Mr. Charles Lum-
isden, received the master's degree, with the solemnity
usual on such occasions, being thirty in number, and
the second class which was graduated in the College
of Edinburgh.

oc^her. On the meeting of the College in October, niter
the vacation, Mr. Colt undertook the charge of the
new Bejan class, Mr. Heslope carried forward the
Semi, Mr. Scrimger the Bachelor ; but, as there WMS
no Magistrand class, there could be no graduation
at the conclusion of this session.

1 This year some of the houses and Mr. James Ritchie, a writer, were pur-
pardeii-irn>inid within the precincts of chased for the use of the < 'ollege.
tin- Kirk <>f Field, which l.elon^e.l to

1589 .
S

the

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 21

Meanwhile, in January 1589, Mr. Charles Ferine,
who had been the second in order approved by the

J

judges at the last comparative trial, was elected sevcuth
Regent, that he might be prepared for beginning the
Bejan class the following October.

But after the vacation, when the College assembled
in October, two of the other places had also become
vacant. Mr. Alexander Scrimger had, in a private
manner, been removed from his office by the Principal,
on account of some misconduct in the case of a meet-
ing of his students ; and Mr. Philip Heslope had
embraced an opportunity of travelling into Germany.
The patrons, therefore, elected in their stead Mr. Mr Hcnry
Henry Charteris and Mr. Patrick Sands, the two re- eighth, and

Mr. Patrick

maining candidates who had been approved by the
judges in the late comparative trial.

The Philosophy class being thus at length com-
pleted, the Senatus Academicus, at the beginning of
this session, consisted of the following members :

Mr. Robert Rollock, Principal and Professor of
Divinity ; Mr. Charles Ferme, Mr. Adam Colt, Mr.
Patrick Sands, Mr. Henry Charteris, Regents or Pro-
fessors of Philosophy.

In February 1590, a contract was entered into by
the Town-Council and the College of Justice, by which

by the Town-

the Lords of Session in the first place, the Town-
Council of Edinburgh in the second, and the Faculty

J Law Pro-

of Advocates and Writers to the Signet in the third, fessor -
agreed that each of the three parties should contribute
the sum of 1000 pounds Scots, making up the sum
of 3000 pounds, for which the Town Council obliged

October.

1590

22 HISTORY OF THE

themselves to pay 300 pounds a year for maintaining a
M r. A, lam Professor of Law. Mr. Adam Newton, Advocate, entered
accordingly upon this office, but gave public lectures
only on Humanity, or the Latin language and litera-

*?iw

ture, without any instructions on the science of law.
These he continued during the usual sessions of the
College, till the month of June 1594, when the Town-
Heisre- Council thought proper to remove him, as he had
the Town, assumed the office without receiving instalment from
them as patrons of the University. In his place was
substituted, by consent of all the three parties, Sir
Adrian Damman of Bysterveldt, a native of Ghent,

August.
uBpft.

diluted.

wl!o a> ted ' anc ^ resident at the court of Scotland, as consul or
tares" agent for the Estates of the Low Countries. Tliis

Humanity. , . .

new professor, in the same way with Mr. Newton,
gave public lectures only on Humanity. But he did
not continue long in office, as shall be afterwards
mentioned.

I n ^e mean time, in August 1590, the third class,
under the tuition of Mr. Henry Charteris, consisting
but of thirteen students, received the degree of master
of arts.

Ortobcr In October the same year, Mr. Charteris of course
[I ' assembled the new Bejan class, Mr. Ferme having
now the charge of the Semi ; and, as Mr. Colt had
accepted of a call to be minister of Borthwick, 1 Mr.
Philip Heslope, who had returned from Germ; my,
was substituted in his place in the charge of the
Bachelor class, Mr. Patrick Sands having that of the

i Mr. Adam Colt ua- al'tri \\;ul.s at ;in :ulvaiirnl ' . xtininti<>ii

translntfl t> lnun-k. wlu-H- IR li-l lur learning, I'liulnicr, juul piety.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 23

Magistrand, on whom, at the conclusion of the course 1591.
in August, he conferred the master's degree with the gJJ^JJJJi,
usual solemnity.

At the opening of the College, after the vacation, October.

- T d i i 11 '* i T- Session IX.

Mr. bands undertook the tuition ol the new Bejan
class ; and, at the conclusion of the session, the 1592.
Magistrand class, under the charge of Mr. Heslope, J^J ( f a -
being twenty-eight in number, was graduated in the
usual manner.

This year the King appeared to be remarkably
indulgent to the Presbyterian form of Church Govern-
ment. Though his own principles were favourable
to the Episcopal hierarchy, as his conduct with regard
to the Church in the year 1584, and the whole course
of it after his accession to the throne of England,
evidently showed, yet, as the Presbyterian ministers
had greatly contributed to the promotion of that peace
and good order which had prevailed in the kingdom
during his absence in the year 1589-90, when he
visited the court of Copenhagen on the occasion of his
marriage with the Princess Anne of Denmark, he be-
came greatly reconciled not only to their persons, but
to their form of ecclesiastical government. Being him-
self present in an Assembly on the 4th of August
1590, he applauded the Presbyterian doctrine and
discipline, promised to adhere to both, and allowed the
Assembly to frame such acts as tended gradually to
subvert all remains of Episcopal jurisdiction ; and at

last, in a Parliament held in June 1592, he consented Presbyte-
rian Church

to a law rescinding or explaining the acts which had ^
been passed in 1584, unfavourable to the Presbyterian l>:

August.

'a

24 HISTORY OF THE

government, and permitted the Parliament now to
establish it in the most ample manner. 1

October. In October, at the commencement of a new session
of the College, Mr. Heslope, in his turn, had the charge
of the new Beian class ; and, on the 12th of the

J

ss'ini- following August, the Magistrand class, nineteen in
number, under the tuition of Mr. Ferme, was gra-
duated as usual. It is remarkable that John, second
Earl of Gowrye, made a distinguished figure among
the candidates on this occasion. He took a principal
share in the disputation and defence of the Theses,
and his name appears in the graduation-book 2 among
the subscribers of the Confession and Covenant. This
is the famous Earl of Gowrye, who afterwards gave
name to that mysterious conspiracy which has so
much puzzled the historians to explain.

October. At the beginning of the new session in October,

Session XI.

Mr. Charles Ferme undertook the charge of the new

Bejan class ; but in November, Mr. Heslope having

Mr. George received a call to be minister of Inveresk, 3 Mr. George

K.,l..Tt*on,

f;;'',' 1 ,;. j'[' Robertson, the son of a burgess of Edinburgh, who

had taken the master's degree in 1588, was elected

to succeed him ; and entered to the charge of the

Semi class ; Mr. Patrick Sands advanced with the

IAM. Bachelors ; and Mr. Henry Charteris brought the

Therewith J

iuT gradu " Magistrand class, consisting 01 twenty students, to the
usual degree on the 7th of the following August. 4

1 I ;..!.(] -Nun's Hist of Scotland, b. viii. eminently lr:mn-d, particularly in m.i-

* William Rynd, Lord Gowrye's pri- tin-mat ir:il srit-uce.

vate tutor, and Will. Bowy, are also 4 This and the following yenr,'pro-

MiiwcrilKsre. viriont being extremely dear, tin- Town

* He diod a few years after he u.i> ('(.nn.il ivp.-atrdly ^;m- tin- Ik-gents a
admitted iimii>tn "I lnv.-iv.sk. H- \\as huml^'inr allouaii-- in addition t" their
tin- I ...... t ;m IvlinlMiryli 1'ui^. --. and oidiiury .*;il;ii

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, 25

Mr. Henry Charteris began the new session in October.

47 m Session XII.

October, with the charge of the Bejan class ; and at

the conclusion of it. on the 12th of August 1595. 1595.

. . August.

Mr. Sands graduated the Magistrand class, consisting cj^lSiL
of twenty-nine students.

Mr. Sands, in October, entered of course upon the October.

SessiouXIII.

charge of the new Bejan class ; and at the termina-
tion of the session, Mr. George Robertson, who had
succeeded Mr. Heslope, brought the Magistrand class, 1596.
consisting of twenty-four students, to the usual degree. ^f gradu "
He was the first who caused the Theses, which were
the subjects of the public disputation, to be printed.

In October, the College, as usual, met after the October.

Session XIV.

vacation ; and Mr. George Robertson undertook the
charge of the new Beian class. But on the 13th of Dec. 13.

5 J m A tumult in

December the tranquillity of the city was disturbed $!**
by a dreadful tumult, by which the King's life was quei
exposed to danger ; and which afterwards well nigh
proved fatal to the city of Edinburgh, and to the
existence of the Presbyterian Church Government in
Scotland. The excessive lenity on the part of the
King to the Popish Lords, and the suspicion, violence,
and rash proceedings of the Presbyterian clergy, were
the causes of this shocking outrage against ail law
and good government. Although the Magistrates of
Edinburgh had exerted themselves in repressing the
commotion, and had succeeded so far as to preserve
the King's life, and to hinder the effusion of blood ;
yet, because they had not prevented the commence-
ment of this affair, of which it afterwards was proved
that they had no previous suspicion, it was not till

26 HISTORY OF THE

after the interposition of Queen Elizabeth, and the
most abject submission which they made to the King,
that they were restored to the Royal favour. 1 The
Ministers of Edinburgh found it necessary to consult
their safety by flight ; and though James at length
suffered his resentment against them to be in some
measure mitigated, by the mediation chiefly of Mr.
Rollock, Principal of the College, of whom he always
entertained a most favourable opinion, yet he had
resolved in his own mind to humble the power of the
Church, and he succeeded. He soon obliged the
Clergy to submit to his own jurisdiction, and in other
respects abridged their privileges ; and before the end
of the year 1598, he prevailed with a majority of the
Assembly to declare it lawful for ministers to accept
of a seat in Parliament, and to agree that the Church
should be represented in that Supreme Court by fifty
one of their number ; a circumstance which, under
the appearance of favouring the Church, was, with
reason, thought by many to point at the restoring of
Episcopacy.

1697 The College, however, notwithstanding the great
Ae tenth disturbance which had prevailed in the city, was

Class grauu-

regularly conducted to the conclusion of the session ;
and, on the 30th of July, the tenth class, under the
tuition of Mr. Charles Ferine, thirty-four in num-
IHT, received the usual degree. Robert Ker, Lord
Newbattle, afterwards Earl of Lothian, bore a share
in the public disputation on this occasion, and also

1 SIT hi. liil>rrtson'H History of Scotland, Book viii., ami MaitluiKl's History
iii. iii.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 27

subscribed the Confession and Covenant. He soon
after set out on foreign . travel, accompanied by Mr.
Patrick Sands, which vacated one of the professor-
ships. Upon which Mr. William Craig, a young man
of talents and polite manners, who had taken his
degree in 1593, and was recommended by Principal October.
Bollock, was chosen; and admitted in October to the craig, eilf- 111

venth Pro-

charge of Mr. Sands's class, then entering on
third year of their course ; and he was the eleventh
Professor of Philosophy.

The same month, at the opening of the new session, session xv.
Mr. Charles Ferme entered upon the charge of the
Bejan class ; Mr. George Kobertson proceeded with
the Semi ; and the Magistrand was now conducted by
Mr. Henry Charteris.

This year, Sir Adrian Damman, who, in consequence
of a contract betwixt the Town-Council and the Col-
lege of Justice formerly mentioned, had given public
lectures annually on the Latin classics since the end
of the year 1594, thought proper, on account of his
other engagements, to resign this duty ; and a new

contract was entered into, on the 28th of December, Dee .

i i i i P

by which it was stipulated that the interest oi 2000

pounds Scots of the sum of 3000 formerly aUotted f or
the support of a Professor of Law, should be employed
for maintaining six bursars or exhibitioners ; fifty S i X bursaries

, founded;

marks being then esteemed a competent annual supply
for an ordinary scholar ; and the interest of the re-

maining 1000 was reserved for a salary to a Prof essor and a Profes-

sorship of
of Humanity or Philosophy : the other four Eegents, Humanity.

at that time, having each no more than 100 pounds

^ new

28 HISTORY OF THE

Mode of Scots 1 yearly. It was agreed also that the election
of a Professor of Humanity should be made by six
delegates, of whom two should be from the Lords of
Session, two from the Town-Council, one from the
Faculty of Advocates, and one from the Society of
Writers to the Signet ; and that they should take the
advice of the Principal of the College. Previous to

ami Reguia- the conclusion of the contract, the following regu-

t ions for the . 111 11 mi

professor, lations had been adopted : That the Regent of
Humanity shall teach the Rhetoric of Cassander, and
the Orations of Cicero ; and shall cause his scholars to
make short declamations weekly ; that he shall also
teach Horace, Juvenal, Plautus, the Greek Grammar,
with certain Greek authors ; and as the scholars learn
an oration of Cicero, he shall cause them to declaim it
publicly in the school.

Mr. John Mr. John Ray, a native of the county of Angus,
prof.ssorof well advanced in life, and who had great experience
in teaching, though he had only taken his degree at
the last laureation, was, by the approbation of all the
parties, elected ; and was properly the first Professor
of Humanity in the College of Edinburgh. He gave
instructions on the Latin language and literature, both
in public and private.

In January 1598, Mr. George Robertson having
accepted a call to be one of the ministers of the town
of Edinburgh, 2 a public comparative trial was held lr

8, 6s. 8il. sterling. It should seem James i. About money see Chalmers's

that ti-u p.-r.vnt. at this time was not Life of Ruddiman. 1>1>. I!"!. 1'.'7, 321.

thought exorbitant interest. Mr. Hume a Mr. Gec-ive K<>l>erts..n did not long

says that interest in Kn^laii<l,ilnringthu survive his admission as a minister uf

reign of James, was never la-low ei^ht. Kdinltiir^h. He lived just lon^ emm-h

nt. .\j>i>endix to the Reign of to compose au account "1 the life of

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 29

the election of a Professor to supply his place ; and,
after a disputation continued for some days, Mr. John Mr. joim

Adamson,

Adamson, son of Mr. Henry Adamson, Provost ofjgJjJS?*"
Perth, proved the successful candidate, and entered P1
upon the charge of the Semi class begun by Mr.
Robertson. Mr. Adamson became a great ornament
to the College, not only as one of the Regents, but
afterwards as Principal. He had taken the master's
degree in August 1597. 1

On the 29th of July, the Magistrand class, consist- Juiy29.

J ' The eleventh

ing of thirty-two students, under the tuition of Mr. gjf graclu
Henry Chart eris, being the eleventh since the institu-
tion of the College, was graduated with the usual
solemnity.

At this time, Mr. James Bannatyne, brother to Mr. T he first
Patrick Bannatyne, Justice-Clerk Depute, bequeathed Solution.
100 merks to the College ; which was the first private
donation bestowed upon this Seminary.

At the opening of a new session in October, the October.

Session XVI.

Senatus Academicus consisted of the following mem-
bers :

Mr. ROBERT ROLLOCK, Principal and Professor of Divinity.
Mr. HENRY CHARTERIS, Professors of The Bejan class.

Mr. CHARLES FERME, I Philosophy
Mr. JOHN ADAMSON, [ having the
Mr. WILLIAM CRAIG, / charge of

The Senii class.
The Bachelor class.
The Magistrand class.

Mr JOHN RAY, Professor of Humanity.

But the society did not long remain in this state ;

Principal Rollock, Vita? et Mortis D. to the Signet ; and in May Robert Gil-

Roberti Rolloci Scoti, Narratio. Edin- mour, a bursar and student in the Ma-

burgi, 1599, 12mo. gistrand class, was made Janitor of the

1 On the 21st of March, William College, the third who had held that

Muirhead was elected one of the six office. He was afterwards minister at

bursars by the Advocates and Writers Calder-Clere.

30 HISTORY OF THE

1599. for, on the 8th of February 1599, the College sustained
prTnci P a f i an irreparable loss by the death of Principal Rollock
in the forty-fourth year of his age. He was a man
eminently qualified for the offices which he held, and
had discharged them all with the greatest approbation.
He was equally dear to the patrons, to his colleagues,
and to the whole body of the students.

This excellent and useful man, for so he may be
truly called, was born in the county of Stirling, in
the year 1555, of an honourable family, being the
second son of David Rollock of Powhouse, and of
Marion Livingstone, daughter of Henry Living-
stone of Westquarter. 1 His family was a branch
of that of the ancient Barons of Duncrub, afterwards
ennobled by the title of Lord Rollo. 2 He studied
Latin at the grammar-school of Stirling, under Thomas
Buchanan, a famous master, nephew to the celebrated
George. Thence he was removed to St. Salvator's
College in the University of St. Andrews, where he
distinguished himself so much in passing through his
philosophical course, that he soon after obtained first
the Professorship of Humanity, and afterwards a
regency of Philosophy in the same College. It was
there, while he was carrying his first class of students
towards the conclusion of their quadrennial course,
that his reputation attracted the notice of the
n.ttrs and Town-Council of Edinburgh. He a
of their invitation to be the first Professor in their
newly-instituted College ; and they could not have

1 Vita- <-t Mini is Kiili. Knlloci Nar- * Oa\\ \<m\\ History <>l tin- t'niv.-r-
ratio. Auct<>). .U-rtson.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 31

made a more fortunate choice. He discharged the
duty first of a Professor of Philosophy, and then of
Principal and Professor of Divinity, with such in-
dustry, ability, and success, that he had the satisfaction
before his death to see the society over which he
presided one of the most flourishing in the kingdom.

According to the custom which then prevailed,
Bollock conveyed his instructions to the students
generally in the Latin tongue, of which the works he
has left show him to have been a great master. He is
said to have been profoundly skilled in the dogmatic
philosophy of Aristotle, entertaining at the same time
a disgust at the absurd wranglings which had long
prevailed in the schools, and showing a high esteem
for the dialectics of Ramus, of which no man knew
how to make a better use.

As Principal of the College, it was his custom
frequently to visit the Philosophy classes privately,
in order to try the progress of the students, and to
exhort them to the practice of piety and virtue. On
Wednesday, in the afternoon, he gave public lectures
on Divinity to the Philosophical classes, as well as the
students in that faculty, from the former of whom he
exacted an account in public of the knowledge they
had acquired during the preceding week. After the
lecture was ended, and the students of Theology
dismissed, he proceeded to the exercise of discipline
with the Philosophy classes ; and, when any case of
extraordinary negligence or transgression required to
be corrected, he generally attained his purpose by
means of earnest expostulation and admonition in

32 HISTORY OF THE

preference to coercion, in the exercise of which he
was very sparing, although in those days corporal
punishment had not been laid aside in the Univer-
sities. But, whether he administered chastisement
or rebuke, he always acted in so judicious a manner
as to conciliate the respect and attachment of the
students, and to allure their minds to the admiration
and love of religion and virtue. With respect to the
students of Divinity, he was so successful in his
method of training them up for the proper exercise
of the pastoral charge, that, for the space of twelve
years, he had the most flourishing seminary of the
kind known in that age.

Besides his double academical duty, as Principal
and Professor of Divinity, he likewise, at the request
of the Magistrates and Town-Council, preached weekly
on Sunday mornings in the east church of St. Giles ;
and, during the two last years of his life, he discharged
the whole duty of one of the eight ministers of the
city, and was much admired by his hearers as an
eloquent and powerful preacher.

But such a variety of severe duty was calculated
to impair a constitution much more vigorous than
that which Kollock possessed. In the year 1596, he
already felt the excruciating effects of a confirmed
stone ; and the unfortunate tumult excited in the
city about that time gave him additional anxiety and
pain. He, indeed, had the satisfaction to perceive
his interest, and the respect shown to his character so
powerful as to give him a principal share in recon-
ciling the King to the Magistrates of Edinburgh, and

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 33

in procuring the return of the ministers to their
charge in the city, but his health continued gradually
to decline.

The ensuing year, however, he still retained a
sufficient degree of vigour to enable him to act as
Moderator of the General Assembly, which was held
at Dundee, and where the King himself was present.
Bollock's principles were decidedly loyal, and he was
personally attached to the King ; and, though a strict
Presbyterian, he maintained the necessity and utility
of a firm alliance betwixt the Church and State. He
condemned the violence of the clergy discovered in
the late tumult, and recommended to them a peaceful
deportment, and the cultivation of harmony and a
good understanding with the King, whose professions
in favour of the Presbyterian doctrine and discipline
he believed to be sincere, and never suspected him of
any design to restore the Episcopal Hierarchy. In
that Assembly, therefore, he promoted those measures
which were agreeable to the King ; and, being one of
the number of the subsequent Commission, he, at the
King's desire, supported the petition presented to
Parliament by that body, praying that the Church
might be represented in the Supreme Civil Court by
a certain number of ecclesiastics to be chosen by the
General Assembly. But this worthy man did not
live to see the end of these concessions, which after-
wards turned out so different from his expectations.
Hence he was considered by some of his own party
as too credulous, and better fitted for the duties of a
College than the management of public affairs.

34 HISTORY OF THE

Meanwhile, on the approach of winter, his health
was so much impaired, that he found it necessary to
confine himself to his chamber, and soon after to his
bed. He saw his dissolution gradually approaching,
but did not decline the visits and the conversation
of his friends. Two of these, Patrick Galloway and
David Lindsay, he requested to go to the King, to
whom he professed inviolable attachment, and, in his
name, to exhort his Majesty to continue to the end
of life in the paths of religion, which he had hitherto
firmly trod, and not suffer himself to be diverted from
that honourable course by the secret machinations of
designing men, or the hope of aggrandizing his royal
power, and always to think and speak with decent
esteem of the Ministers of the Church.

With the Ministers of the city, who came to visit
him in a body, he held an affectionate and pious
discourse ; calling God to witness with what ardent
affection he had ever regarded the University, and
with what fidelity he had performed liis academical
duty, not doubting that his brethren would readily
bear testimony to the great advantage derived both
to the Church and State from that useful institution.
And now that the end of his mortal state \vas at
hand, he conjured them, when he should be no more,
to support, to protect, to cherish it to the utmost of
their power. In the exercise of the pastoral office,
he could not, he said, affirm that he had in reality
done any essential service, he only ventured to assert
that it had been his earnest endeavour to do so. He
put tin-in iii mind of his conduct in the late (Jew-nil

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. ;',,3

Assembly at Dundee, and declared that he reflected
with satisfaction on the part he had taken in healing
the wounds given to the peace of the Church by the
late unhappy tumult. He expressed his approbation
of a recent measure adopted, by w r hich their number
was doubled, 1 and his satisfaction in having recom-
mended two of them on this occasion, who had been
bred under his own tuition. He wished that the
Church should ever maintain a firm, alliance with the
State, and confessed that he had exerted his influence
in promoting that union, but without sacrificing the
interest of the Church to his love of peace or his
attachment to the King, w r ith respect to whom he
strongly recommended lenient rather than violent
behaviour on the part of the clergy, as the surest
method of obtaining their desire from a Prince, who,
as he thought, had given strong evidence of a firm
intention to support the cause of religion. He then
took leave of them in the most pious and affectionate
terms.

In the evening of the same day, when his physicians
were endeavouring by medicines to palliate the vio-
lence of his malady, " God/' said he, " shall now be
my only physician;" and he persisted in an effusion
of strains of the most fervent and pathetic devotion.
Having taken each of the bystanders by the hand,
he blessed them, one by one, with such pious and
dignified expressions, " that he seemed," says his
biographer, 2 "to be one of the patriarchs;" and he

1 See Dr. Robertson's History of Scotland, Book viii.

2 Geovgii Robertson! Narratio, etc., 1599.

36 HISTORY OF THE

accompanied his benediction with prudent exhorta-
tions suited to the disposition of each.

During that night he enjoyed some repose, contrary
to expectation ; and, on the following day, the Ma-
gistrates and several of the Town Council came to
pay their respects to him. He spoke to them of his
approaching dissolution, as a thing he had long wished
for. He mentioned the anxious concern which he had
always felt for the prosperity of the College, and said
that he should not act consistently with this sentiment,
if he did not freely declare his opinion with respect
to a successor. " Why," continued he, " need you go
in quest of some stranger to undertake the office,
who may know nothing about the doctrine and dis
cipline of this institution, when you have at hand a
person of excellent talents, and well prepared for
undertaking such a duty ? I mean Mr. Henry Char-
tens, who possesses eveiy sort of knowledge which
he could derive from my own instructions, and who
has already, for ten years, discharged the office of a
Professor of Philosophy with the greatest applause.
Commit the helm of your College to his hands, and
you shall see that God will prosper his labours. You
ought to be its protectors as well as patrons ; lot a
higher solicitude for its prosperity possess your minds."

He recommended to their care his wife, and liis
only child, yet unborn, of whom, after being ten y< -ars
married, she was then pregnant ; he acknowledged
that his inattention to worldly affairs had been so
great, that In- li;il saved nothing of tin- salaries which
ho, had enj, >yed : but he expressed a hope that the

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 37

affection with which they had ever regarded himself
would still, after his death, be extended to his widow
and his orphan child. The Magistrates assured him
that everything should be done according to his wish.
He next exhorted the Professors of Philosophy to per-
severe in the proper discharge of their duty, and to
behave with due submission to his successor. Then
he relapsed into the most fervent strains of devotion,
beseeching his blessed Saviour to hasten the time of
his dissolution.

At midnight he got some rest, which the force of
his disease soon interrupted. He sent for his venerable
colleague, Mr. Walter Balcanquhal, whom he addressed
in most affectionate terms, and requested the assistance
of his prayers ; but expressed a wish that he would
put up no request for the prolonging of his life.
After this religious service was concluded, he enlarged
upon the great advantages derived from the preaching
of the Gospel. Again he had recourse to prayer and
to pious ejaculation, demeaning himself, and reposing
his assurance of salvation in the merits of Christ. It
was now Sunday, and he was asked whether he chose
the conversation of any minister; but he declined
disturbing them in the exercise of their public func-
tion, and begged that he might himself be permitted
to converse familiarly with his God. 1

In the evening the Lord Provost of the city 2
went in to him, whom he thus addressed : " I have
earnestly recommended the University to the favour

1 The words of his biographer are : 2 Sir Alexander Seton, Lord Fy vie ;
" Sinite," inquit, "me psittaci instar, also President of the Court of Session,
cum Domino meo balbutire." afterwards Earl of Dunfermline.

38 HISTORY OF THE

of the Magistrates, over whom you, my Lord, pivsi< le ;
and I have now to request that you may take her
under your particular protection. Your rank in the
State, and the high dignity with which you are in-
vested, enable you also to succour the Church ; do
not, my Lord, withhold from her your good offices, or
forget that the source of your own salvation is from
Christ, and that present things are of a transient
nature, and will soon fade away."

During the ensuing night his disease became still
more excruciating ; and when his attendants observed
him resisting and sustaining the most vehement ago-
nies, and were unable to abstain from tears and
lamentations, he soothed and consoled them in the
tenderest manner, dissuading them from bewailing his
fate, for that he would soon arrive at the consunmia
tion of all his wishes. After this, he refused every
sort of sustenance, and recommended the care of his
funeral to his two highly esteemed friends, William
Little, late Lord Provost, and William Scott of Ely.
In the evening Ins discourse was observed to be less
diffuse ; but what he uttered was still full of energy
and ardent devotion, until he fell at length into a
gentle sleep ; and after continuing in that state for
some time, he resigned his breath without a struggle,
and with the greatest composure.

Such was the man who gave the first impulse to
tlmse instructions which have been regularly <lrliv< -red
in the University of Edinburgh for upwards of two
< cnturif>. \Vhilr tho historians of kingdoms ami
nali"n> HIV ambitious of ivrnnlin.L' tin- minute rirnmi-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 39

stances in the lives and characters of those princes,
statesmen, and warriors who, sometimes by their vir-
tues, but far oftener by their crimes, have attracted
the admiration of mankind, Literary History must
move in an humbler sphere, and often be contented
with celebrating the less splendid labours of those use-
ful men who have employed their talents in diffusing
the principles of virtue and of patriotism among the
youth, in setting before them the true felicity of their
nature, and teaching them how to counteract those
fatal passions which are the source of so much misery
to the human race.

After Mr. Bollock's death, the greatest respect was
shown to his memory. He was followed to the grave
by an immense concourse of all ranks, who lamented
him with expressions of the deepest sorrow. Upwards
of thirty copies of verses were composed in his praise
by his literary friends ; and the Magistrates of Edin-
burgh, mindful of his dying request, voted, on the
15th of the following June, 100 marks of annuity to
his widow for five years, and the sum of 1000 marks
as a portion for his posthumous daughter ; and after-
wards, on the 22d of February 1611, they bestowed
upon her 100 marks yearly, to continue to the time
of her marriage. 1

On the 14th of Februaiy 1599, the Town-Council, ^^
in compliance with the recommendation of the late
Mr. Bollock, elected Mr. Henry Charteris to be Prin- Mr. Henry

* Charteris,

cipal and Professor of Divinity in his place. Mr. ci

Professor of

i Her name was Jean, and she was Mr. Walter. Her mother, whose name Divinity.
afterwards married to Mr. Robert Bal- was Helen Baron, was daughter to the
caiujuhal, minister of Tranent. son of Laird of Kinnaird in Fife.

40 HISTORY OF THE

Charteris had held the office of one of the Kegents
for almost ten years, and was a most learned, modest,
and respectable man. A vacancy of one of the pro-
fessorships of Philosophy being thus occasioned, and a
public comparative trial being announced, two candi-
dates entered their names, Mr. Robert Scott and Mr.
Andrew Young, the former of whom had taken his
degree in 1597, and the latter in 1598, and who had
been recently elected a Professor of Philosophy at
Aberdeen. Though both of them were much approved
of, the judges gave the preference to Mr. Scott, who
was accordingly elected ; and he received from Mr.
Charteris the charge of the Bejan class. Mr. Young,
however, obtained a promise from the patrons, and
was named by them to succeed upon the next vacancy
that should happen. Mr. Charles Ferine having some
time before accepted of a call to be Minister at Fraser-
Mr. James burgh, Mr. James Knox, who, on a former trial, had

Knox, the

g lven great satisfaction to the judges, and had by

them been recommended to the Town-Council, who
na< ^ elected him accordingly, now entered to the
charge of the Semi class in place of Mr. Ferme.

On the 28th of July, Mr. William Craig advanced

The twelfth , - r . .

SS. 8gradu the Magistrand class to the usual degree, in number
thirty-five, being the twelfth since the institution
of the College. This is the year in winch the King-
published his book entitled BaaiXitcov Awpov, containing
precepts concerning the art of government, addressed
to Prince Henry his son.

In October, on the meeting of the College ai't r tin-

v ( ts[i )|

vacation, the .-talc <] ih Sciiiitus Academirus was as

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 41

follows : Mr. Henry Charteris, Principal and Profes-
sor of Divinity ; Mr. William Craig, Mr. Kobert Scott,
Mr. James Knox, Mr. John Adamson, Professors of
Philosophy ; Mr. John Eay, Professor of Humanity.

At the conclusion of the session, the thirteenth class, i 6 oo.
under the tuition of Mr. John Adamson. consisting of T* 16 thiir -

O teenth Class

thirty-five students, received the degree in the usual graduated
manner. The Theses printed on this occasion are
dedicated by Mr. Adamson to Alexander Seton, Lord
Fyvie, President of the Court of Session, and Lord
Provost of the city.

In October, at the opening of a new session, Mr. October.

Session XIX.

Adamson, in his turn, undertook the charge of the
new Bejan class.

On the 10th of December, the Town-Council, find- Dec. 10.
ing that the accommodation formerly provided for the
students to attend public worship in the East Church
of St. Giles's, called the High Church, was not large
enough to contain them all, allotted the east gallery
of the Trinity College Church for their reception, till
a more commodious place should be found.

On the 30th of July, Mr. James Knox brought the ieoi.

J July 30.

Magistrand class, consisting of twenty students, to the SirSiass
usual degree. Upon that occasion the Theses con- g
tinned to be printed.

The Principal's annual salary having hitherto been The Princi

pal's salary

no more than 400 marks, the patrons, on the 16th au ^ mented -
of September this year augmented it to 600.

In October, at the opening of a new session, Mr. October.

Session !XX

James Knox entered upon the charge of the new
Bejan class ; and, in December, Mr. William Craig

42 HISTORY OF THE

resigned his office, and went into France, where he

was elected Professor of Divinity in the College of

Mr. Andrew Sauniur. 1 This opened a place for Mr. Andrew Young,

teenth'pro- who was accordingly brought from Aberdeen and set

fessorof & *

Philosophy. over {kg c i agg vaca ted by Mr. Craig.

1602. On the 22d of February, much sooner than the

February 22. J '

ci^s fl ?a e du h usual period (probably from some apprehension of the
plague, which soon after broke out), Mr. Kobert Scott
advanced the Magistrand class, consisting of thirty-
two students, to the Master's degree with the usual
solemnity.
October. The College being again met in October, after the

{Session XXL

vacation, Mr. Scott undertook the charge of the new
Bejaii class ; but continued in the office only till the
1003. beginning of the ensuing January, having then a<:-
ce pted of a call to be one of the ministers of Glasgow.

Upon which, a comparative trial for a successor being

Philosophy.

announced by programs, tour competitors appeared, 01
whom Mr. James Keid was preferred by the judges ;
and being elected accordingly, he proceeded with the
Bejan class.

Hirdi24. The city of Edinburgh, its College, and the whole
ttTttawwof kingdom, were now to be deprived of the presence of
their monarch. He was, in consequence of the death
of Queen Elizabeth, which happened on the 24th of
March, soon to take possession of the English throne.
Previous to this event, he had granted to tin- Magi>-
t rat es of Edinburgh a most ample Charter, dated at
llolvroodhouse the 15th of that month, confirm ing all

1 Altrr holding this office but for a nml dii-d in his own house in Hl:u-k-
| u-tiiriu'd t<> S.-ntlaiid. friars Wynd. Edinburgh.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 4;'>

his former donations to them. This is called the City
of Edinburgh's Golden Charter. It contains, amidst
a- great variety of other matter, a particular enumera-
tion and confirmation of all the former grants respect-
ing the College of Edinburgh. On the 5th of April,
the King began his journey from his native kingdom,
and entered London on the 7th of May, amidst the
acclamations of the people. But the vast accession
of power and importance which James acquired by
this event, and the dazzling objects of ambition which
it held out to him, did not alienate his affection
from the people of his native kingdom. Even the
College of Edinburgh, humble as it was, and poorly
endowed, was not, amidst a variety of concerns of
superior moment, entirely effaced from his memory.
In his absence he showed himself not unmindful of
it ; and, when he revisited his native kingdom, after
an interval of fourteen years, it was destined to re-
ceive additional marks of his favour.

Meanwhile, on the 29th of July, Mr. Andrew Young's July -29.

-

pupils in the Magistrand class, now the sixteenth
from the institution of the College, and twenty- three
in number, received, as usual, the Master's degree.

Having brought the annals of the College of Edin-
burgh to the termination of the twenty-first session,
in the year 1603, when the accession of James the
Sixth to the crown of England forms a new era in the
political history of Scotland, and may be supposed to
have had some influence also on the state of its learn-
ing, it may be proper to introduce here some account
of that sort of literature and science which was taught

The six-

44 HISTORY OF THE

in this new institution, and of the method observed
by the Professors in conveying their instructions to
the students.

In a liberal education, the object next after the
acquisition of reading and writing was then, and still
is, a knowledge of the Latin tongue. Without this
it is impossible to obtain an intimate acquaintance
with the Roman authors, whose works, together with
those of the ancient Greeks, have, ever since the re-
vival of learning in the West in the fifteenth or six-
teenth centuries, been justly considered as the only
genuine standards of fine writing.

But scholars in those days had additional and in-
dispensable motives for becoming proficients in Latin.
It had long been the universal medium of communi-
cation among the learned ; it was the language in
which the Professors in the Universities delivered their
instructions, and in which the students not only per-
formed most of their Academical exercises, but in
which they were obliged, under a strict penalty, always
to converse within the precincts of the College.

The knowledge of Latin had never been utterly
extinguished, even in those dark ages which succeeded
the subversion of the Roman Empire. The service of
the Romish Church, by being performed in that lan-
guage, obliged the priests to learn it. Many of these,
indeed, contented themselves with a very limited ac-
quaintance with it, and scarcely understood the Bre-
viary which they were obliged daily to read. Tlinv
are, however, some instances of persons distinguished
for profound erudition so far back as the eighth and

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 45

ninth centuries ; but such of their productions as have
been preserved are so inelegant and so entirely de-
stitute of classical purity, that they now attract no
attention, unless from those who find it necessary to
search into them, on account of the historical facts
which they contain. In those gloomy periods books
were extremely scarce, and libraries existed only in
monasteries and cathedrals. In these recesses were
preserved most of the MSS. of the Eoman classics,
which were brought to light upon the revival of
learning ; and it appears that the most learned of
the priests and monks were not unacquainted with
them, but they made little use of them for the refine
ment of their taste, or as their masters in the art of
composition. As no literary knowledge could be
acquired, but by the ecclesiastics who frequented those
sacred retreats, and as, previous to the origin of
Universities and Colleges, no schools were to be found
anywhere else, the great body of the laity was plunged
into the most profound and infamous ignorance. Even
princes and persons of the highest rank who were
employed in the administration of civil affairs, could
neither read nor write. The field of battle was the
only scene where they could acquire distinction. 1

It may also be proper to introduce here some ac-
count of the method of examining the different classes
at the opening of each session, and the trial of the
Magistrand class at the conclusion, previous to their

1 [This and the three preceding para- other branches of learning tanght in

graphs occur as a detached fragment of the Philosophical classes ; but this in-

Professor Dalzel's MS. He probably tention he does not seem to have exe-

intended to have added some notice of cuted. EDIT.]

46 HISTORY OF THE

receiving the degree, from which it will appear how
laborious the Professors were in the discharge of their
duty, and what diligence was required from the students
in performing their exercises.
Method of The month of October, during the course of which

Examination , , ^ _ - . , ...

at the be- the students were entering or returning to their studies,
3ion - was employed in the reading of Latin and Greek, and
other preparation for the business of the ensuing ses-
sion ; and about 1 the beginning of November, when
the classes were fully met, the Principal, or, in his
absence, the Senior Regent, in a meeting in the public
hall, a little before nine in the morning, prescribed
to the Bejan class a piece of Scots, which was called

The Public the Public Theme. This bein^ copied by each, and

Theme to be J

Sn lint taen rea( * a l U( l, the students were separated, and,
under the observation of the Regents who attended
them by turns, all except their own particular Pro-
fessor, they translated it into Latin, and, having copied
their respective versions in a fair hand, and subscribed
them each with his own name, and the name of the
Master who had instructed him in Latin, they de-
livered them to the attending Regent before twelve
o'clock. At four o'clock in tin- a fin-noon, they met
again in the public hall in presence of the Principal
and the Regents, when each of them, upon being
called by name, read his Latin version aloud under
the particular inspection of one of the Regents, and
then returned the paper to be perused by the Priii
cipal and Regents ; and, if any one of them was
found so deficient in the knowledge of Latin, that

1 This account is taken from Crawl. <r<\'< History <>f the I'nivcrsity

examined.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 47

there was no hope of his profiting by the instructions
to be delivered in the class, he was advised to return
to the study of that language.

The next day a Latin Theme was prescribed to the A Latin

* . x Theme to be

Semi class to be translated into Greek, and afterwards gj? int<)
read and examined in the same manner.

The third day a passage of some Latin and Greek Analysis of
author was prescribed to the Bachelor class to be
analysed logically, and an account was taken of this
task also in the same manner.

Previous to this, the Semi class, at the opening of semi
the session, spent several days in repetition of what
they had formerly learned, and then they were exa
mined publicly by the Magistrand and Bachelor Re-
gents and the Professor of Humanity. The eldest
Philosophy Regent examined them on Ramus's Dia-
lectic and the Conipend of Ars Syllogistica, the second
on the Greek poets, the Humanity Regent on the
Greek prose authors ; and an account was taken not
only of what had been taught publicly, but of what
each student had acquired by his own private industry.

After the finishing of this trial, the Bachelors were
examined by the Magistrand, Semi, and Bejan Re-
gents, the first putting questions on Porphyry and
the Categories, the second irepl 'Ep^yveias and the
Priors, and the third on the Topics, Sophistics, Ramus,
etc.

Lastly, the Magistrand class underwent a double
examination by the Bachelor, Semi, and Bejan Regents.
In the first place, the eldest Regent demanded an
account of what was called the common part of Logic,

48 HISTORY OF THE

the next of the Demonstration, and the last of the
Topics, Sophistics, and Eamus ; and, in the second
place, the eldest put questions on the Acroamatical
books de Principiis, the second on the rest of the
Acroasis, and the third on the Ethics.

A few days after the conclusion of this first exami-
nation of the Magistrand class, a second trial was
held of all the classes, on account of such students as
had been absent ; and whoever failed to appear at
both examinations was called to a strict account in
a third trial either in the public hall, or in the private
schools.

Before the middle of July, near the close of the
session, as preparatory to receiving the degree, the
Magistrands gave up their names for trial in the
public hall, by the Bachelor, Semi, Bejan, and Hu
manity Eegents. This trial also consisted of two
parts. In the first, the eldest Philosophy Regent
demanded an account of the general part of Logic ; the
next, of the Demonstration ; the third, of the Topics,
Sophistics, and Ramus ; and the Humanist of the
Ethics. In the second, the eldest Regent interrogated
on the Acroamatics ; the next, de Ccelo and on As-
tronomy ; the third, de Ortu and on the Meteors ;
and the Humanist, de Anima.

The evening before the public disputation on the
Theses, they met in presence of the Principal and
Professors, and subscribed the Confession of Faith :
and this year likewise they subscribed for the first
time a solemn engagement to persevere in affection
to the College where they had received their educa-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 49

tion. 1 Then the Principal, upon finding that all of
them had received a certificate of having performed
all the necessary exercises, took the report of the five
Regents respecting the behaviour and ability of every
one in particular, and, according to their merit, en-
rolled their names, distinguishing them into certain
ranks, some being styled Exortes, before all the circles ;
others being of the first circle, with some annexed
to it ; others of the second circle ; the rest being
arranged in a line, whose names it was thought proper
to suppress in the public recitation. This was called
" The circling of the class."

The day usually appointed for the graduation was
Monday, as the Court of Session was sitting at that
time of the year ; and, as on Monday the Court never
met, this afforded an opportunity for the Lord Chan-
cellor and other Privy Councillors, the Lords of
Exchequer, the Lords of Session, Advocates, and
Clerks to the Signet, to be present at this solemnity,
with the Lord Provost, Magistrates, and Town-Council,
Patrons of the College, and other learned persons.

The disputation upon the Theses used to commence
in the morning, and terminate in the evening about
six o'clock, when the candidates were called in by
name, according to the ranks previously determined,
and made their appearance in a conspicuous place
before the Principal, who first gave them a short
exhortation to a virtuous and honourable life, and
then performed the ceremony of graduation, by touch-
ing the head of every one of the candidates with a

1 These subscriptions are still extant in the Graduation-Book.
D

50 HISTORY OF THE

bonnet, after which one of the number, in a short
speech, concluded the solemnity.

The College of Edinburgh, for many years after its
institution, conferred no other degree than that of
Master of Arts, although the privilege of erecting a
Studium Generate, or University, being originally
granted to the patrons by the King, and afterwards
ratified in Parliament, certainly gave a title to the
College to confer degrees also in all the other faculties,
Theology, Law, and Medicine ; a right, however,
which it did not begin to exercise till after the be-
ginning of the eighteenth century, when the number
of Professors had considerably increased.

In the study of Philosophy, which, with Theology,
was the principal employment of the youth in this
Seminary during the four years' course, Aristotle was
still regarded with peculiar respect. His doctrines,
however, were in a great measure cleared from that
gross and mysterious jargon which adhered to them
in the ages which immediately preceded the revival
of classical learning, the invention of printing, and
the reformation of religion, as may be seen from the
Theses which are still extant, and which formed the
subjects of the philosophic disputations of the students
previous to their receiving the degree. From in-
-!'< -ting these, it will appear that the students, gg
well as the Professors, were able to have recourse to
Aristotle in the original, and to reason upon his tends
in a much more clear and intelligible manner than
had been the case in the Schools, when- lie was known
only through the medium of a barbarous Latinity.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 51

The great Lord Bacon indeed existed at this period,
was even in the prime of life, and occupied in those
studies, the fruits of which were destined to bring
about a complete revolution in the Schools of Philo-
sophy, and to add lustre to James's reign in England.
But his genius was yet unknown in the Colleges of
his native country, as well as in those of Scotland,
which last, however, were fully as forward in cherish-
ing and admiring it when known, as well as that
of the divine Newton which soon succeeded it, as the
Universities of any other country.

CHAPTER II.

FROM THE ACCESSION OF JAMES VI. IN 1603, TO HIS DEATH
IN 1625.

1603 . ON the meeting of the College in October 1603,
s|Jum' Mr. Andrew Young undertook the charge of the

new Bejan class, Mr. James Reid proceeded with the
Semi, Mr. James Knox with the Bachelor, and Mr.
John Adamson with the Magistrand. But about the
close of the year the plague broke out, and it in-
creased to such a degree of violence, that before the

1604 . end of May in the ensuing year, most of the students

May 28

The seven- were dispersed, which obliged Mr. Adamson to anti-

tcenth Class

cipate the usual term for graduation, by admitting his
class, in number twenty-six, to the degree on the 28th
of that month, after publicly defending the Theses,
without the usual form of previous examination ; after
which he accepted of a call to be minister at North
Berwick, and resigned his office in the College. He
had, however, given such proofs of ability during the
discharge of his duty as a Professor, that he was after-
wards invited to return to the College, and to under-
t,i k<3 the superintendence of it as Principal. In his
! place was substituted Mr. David Monro, who lmd
! In -I'll one of the candidates at the late comparative

ri>f -

)S " I>hy trinl, and Imd ;icfjiiittrd himself with approbation.

July 27.

HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 53

No new class entered in October this session on October.

Session

account of the plague, and it was the beginning of XXII]
the succeeding year before the other classes returned
to the College. The plague having then much abated,
these assembled at length in their usual number, but
Mr. David Monro had no duty to perform till the en-
suing session, as there was no Bejan class till then. 1
Meanwhile, on the 27th of July 1605, the eigh-

J &

teenth class, educated by Mr. James Knox, and con-
sisting of twenty- four students, were graduated in the gr
usual manner. 2

Mr. Knox, soon after, having received a call to be
minister of Kelso, resigned his professorship ; and in
October, at the opening of the next session, Mr. David October.

Session

Monro undertook the charge of a new Bejan class ; XXIV
Mr. Andrew Young proceeded with the Bachelor ;
and Mr. James Reid with the Magistrand, which,
being the nineteenth class, and twenty-eight in num- j^ ^
ber, he brought forward to the usual degree, on the

graduated.

last day of June 1606.

In the following vacation, a vacancy having hap-
pened in the Rectorship of the High School, by the
resignation of Mr. Alexander Home, Mr. John Ray,
who had been Professor of Humanity upwards of
eight years, preferred the former office, and being
translated thither accordingly, he held it for nearly

1 On the 3d of April, James Shaw, Candidati e Scholis Edinburgi Philoso-
student in the highest dass, was ad- phicis hoc Anno 1605, emittendi. Dis-
mitted Porter of the College. putabuntur die Lunse 4. Kal. Aug. a

2 The following is the title of the septima matutina in duodecimara, et
Theses published on this occasion : hora prima pomeridiana iisque ad ves-
" Theses Philosophicse, quas auspice et peram Edinburgi in ^Ede sacra Regii
propitio Deo, Praeside Jac. Knoxio, Collegii." They are dedicated to the
propugnabunt Adolescentes Magisterii Earl of Dunfermline, Chancellor, etc.

54 H1STOEY OF THE

twenty-four years. He was esteemed an accomplished
Latin scholar, and composed some Latin verses upon
different occasions, which are not inelegant. 1

Delegates from the College of Justice and the Town-

Council having met to choose a successor to Mr. Kay,

Mr. Biase Mr. Blase Colt, son of Mr. Oliver Colt, Advocate, a

Colt, second

voun g man wno na( ^ distinguished himself as an ex-
cellent Greek as well as Latin scholar, and who had
received the Master's degree in 1603, appeared as a
candidate, and there being no competitor, he was
unanimously elected, and was the second Professor of
Humanity in the University of Edinburgh.
October. In October, Mr. James Keid began the session with

Session

xxv - the new Bejan class, Mr. David Monro having the
Semi ; and there being no Bachelor class this session,
Mr. Andrew Young proceeded with the Magistrands

1607. to the close of their course, and graduated them on
the 25th of July 1607, being twenty-eight in number.

In October, at the opening of the new session, Mr.
xxvT David Monro, for what reason is unknown, resigned
his office ; and as his students had already passed
through two years of their course, it was thought
more proper that Mr. Young, on account of his expe-
rience, should take the charge of them, and that the
new Bejan class should be committed to the person
who should happen to be elected instead of Mr.
Monro.

Candidates being invited by program to contend
for the vacant office, three competitors appeared^

1 See them in Hunter and Low's edi- Muses' Welcome, 1617, Robertsoi,
IKHI of Buchanan'.- iN.iltii.-, Ailam.-n's of Rollock, 1599, <

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 55

Mr. Matthew Crawford, Mr. James Fairly, and Mr.
William King. The first had taken the degree in
1606, and the other two at the last graduation,
neither of whom were above nineteen years of age,
but both of distinguished abilities. The judges, after
the trial, were greatly at a loss which of the two last
to prefer, and as each of them had an equal number
of votes, it was agreed to commit the decision to the
arbitration of Mr. John Nicolson, an accomplished
scholar, just returned from foreign travel, and he de-
clared for Mr. James Fairly.

But the judges, at the same time, having also re- Mr.

Fairly, the

commended Mr. King as well qualified to supply the and e Mr nt wii-

liam Ki "g

the twen-

,1 IT f liam Ki "g,

next vacancy, the patrons soon had an opportunity 01 the twen-

gratifying him, as well as the other candidate, for, on
account of the plague, no Bejan class had entered in
October 1604, and there had been only three Pro-
fessors of Philosophy since the time of Mr. Adamson's
resignation in the month of May that year. It there-
fore became necessary to complete the number of
Philosophy professors, when a new class was to be
assembled in October 1608. Accordingly, Mr. Wil-
liam King was elected before the close of the present
session, that he might be ready to undertake the
charge of the next Bejan class in October 1608. In
the meantime, Mr. James Fairly took the charge of
the present Bejan class, Mr. James Reid proceeding
with the Semi, and Mr. Andrew Young with the
Bachelor, instead of Mr. David Monro. There was ieos

July.

no Magistrand class this session, and consequently
no graduation.

56 HISTORY OF THE

Flourishing This year, the state of the College began to flourish

state of the J

in an unusual degree. The frequent resignation of
professors had hitherto been attended with great dis-
advantage. Men of learning had been discouraged
from holding those laborious offices long, while the
provision made for them was so scanty, as scarcely to
furnish the means of a decent subsistence. But the
plague had now disappeared, and the country not
only felt the effects of profound peace, but abounded
in every kind of plenty. Greater encouragement was
now held out to men of letters, and the present
Kegents, Mr. Andrew Young, Mr. James Keid, Mr.
James Fairly, and Mr. William King, who were men
of talents and of great industry, were induced to
remain in office much longer than any of their pre-
decessors, and having acquired much experience, they
felt great authority and respect attached to their
situation.

Thejmginai When the College was first instituted, it possessed
very scanty, j^j. a verv ^ r ^ m g re venue, only the Archdeaconry
of Lothian, consisting of the vicarage and parsonage
teinds of the kirk of Currie, together with the rents of
the Provostry of the Collegiate Church, called the
Kirk of Field, consisting, for the most part, of ground-
annuals paid from different houses in the town ; also
the vicarage and parsonage teinds of Kirkurd. 1 The
first accession obtained was the sum of 3000 pounds
Scots, contributed by the Town-Council and the Col-
lege of Justice, which went chiefly to the mainten-
ance of a Professor of Humanity. Two small addi-

1 In the Presbytery of Peebles.

the Kirk-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 57

tions were made by James Bannatyne and William
Couper. 1

But this year, Mr. Walter Balcanquhal, who had
been a great promoter of the foundation of the College,
and Mr. John Hall, who was studious of its prosperity,
considering that the late pestilence, as well as other
circumstances, had contributed much to the diminu-
tion of the city's revenue, and prevented the augmen-
tation of the College income from that source, and
knowing that a sum amounting to 8100 pounds, be-
longing to the Kirk-Session, was in the hands of the Donation by

+V. TTJ..1, '

treasurer unemployed, they obtained the consent of
the other Ministers of the city, and the Kirk-Session,
that this money should be employed for the augmen-
tation of the salaries of the Professors. A contract
was therefore framed, on the 16th of December this
year, by which this money was conveyed by the Kirk-
Session to the Town-Council of Edinburgh, on condi-
tion that the latter should pay to the College, for
augmentation of the salaries of the Masters, in all time
coming, the sum of 1000 marks yearly, and grant to
the Session that the Ministers, in name thereof, should,

1 In the year 1589, James Master of pounds yearly out of the teinds of Crail

Lindsay, having obtained a lease of the in Fife, which belonged to the Priory

Nunnery of Haddington, for payment of Haddington, for maintaining two

of a small rent to a titular prioress, bursars in the College. This sum con-

and thinking proper that this should tinned to be paid for eight or nine

be applied for the advancement of years, until the Lord Binning, then

learning, at first assigned the complete Clerk Register, having married his

profits of the crop 1588 to the Town of daughter into that family, obtained a

Edinburgh, for the use of the College ; sentence of the Court of Session, by

which were received accordingly. Af- which that donation made to the Col-

terwards, about the beginning of the lege of Edinburgh, and another to the

year 1600, the same worthy person, New College, St. Andrews, were reduced

the Lord Lindsay of the Byres, by a and annulled. Crawford's History of

contract with the Town-Council of the University of Edinburgh.
Edinburgh, agreed to bestow eighty

58 HISTORY OF THE

Ministers to for the future, ha ve joint voice with the Town-Council

have a voice'

m electing the Principal, Masters, and Regents of the
College. The Town-Council, farther to show their
willingness to promote the interest of the College,
resolved, on their part, after holding a conference
the TOW" by w ^ the Ministers, to bestow the annual profits arising
the u pubuc f from the public mortcloths or palls, for the purpose
also of augmenting the salaries of the Professors ;
which resolution was ratified on the 22d of February
1609.

October ^ n *ke beginning of October, the College having

xxvn. assembled, Mr. William King undertook the charge

of the new Bejan class, Mr. James Fairly proceeded

with the Semi, Mr. James Reid with the Bachelor,

and Mr. Andrew Young with the Magistrand.

1609. In consequence of the new donations which have

February 15.

been mentioned, the salary of Mr. Henry Chart eris,
Principal, was by an act of Council augmented from
400 to 500 pounds ; and whereas the Regents had
formerly only 200 pounds annually a piece, each of
the two eldest, Mr. Young and Mr. Reid, now received
an addition of 100 marks, which made the salary of
each to be 250 marks.

The u twe"nt' ^ n ^ e ^ ^ of July, Mr. Young's students, being

tne twenty-first class, and thirty-three in number, were
advanced to the Master's degree ; and after the v; na-
tion he 'entered upon the charge of the new Bejan
< hiss in the beginning of October, the other Regents
xxu " proceeding with the other classes in regular order.
i.;i... On the 22d of June 1610, the ('mineil arerptr,! .t'

an nU'rr made by the widow of one Alexander Lindsiy.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 59

in consequence of which they agreed to receive from
her 3000 marks, and to pay her twelve per cent, per
annum during her life, and on her death to employ
2000 marks of that sum for maintaining two bursars.

On the 28th of Julv, the twenty-second class, under juivm

J . J The twenty-

the charge of Mr. James Keid, consisting of twenty-

six students, received the Master's degree, with the
usual solemnity, on which occasion, Robert Ker, eldest
son of Lord Roxburgh, a very young man, went
through every part of the trials and disputations
with the other candidates. He died abroad a few
years after.

At the opening of a new session in October, Mr. October.

Session

Reid, of course, undertook the charge of the Bejan XX1X
class, but Mr. Andrew Young, who had been afflicted
for some months with an alarming distemper, was
obliged to devolve the care of the Semi class upon a
young man whose name was Mr. Andrew Stevenson,
and who had been one of his own graduates in 1609.
As there seemed to be no hope of Mr. Young's re-
covery, a comparative trial for a successor was publicly
announced. On the appointed day three candidates i 6 n.
appeared, Mr. Andrew Stevenson, already mentioned,
the son of a burgess of Edinburgh; Mr. Robert Burnet,
son to the Laird of Barns in Tweeddale ; and Mr. James
Ker, son to the Laird of Linton. They had all been
lately graduated, and the youthfulness of their ap-
pearance occasioned a demur, and the affixing of
fresh programs to invite more competitors, but
without the desired effect. The trial therefore pro-
ceeded, and Mr. Stevenson being most approved of by

60 HISTORY OF THE

the judges, the patrons elected him, but upon this
condition, that if Mr. Young should recover his health,
the newly elected Professor should retire, and suffer the
other to resume his former station. 1

Mr. Stevenson had scarcely taken possession of his
office, when the Professorship of Humanity became
vacant by the untimely death of Mr. Blase Colt, a
young man greatly esteemed for his learning and the
politeness of his manners. Upon this his elder bro-
Mr. oiiver ther, Mr. Oliver, who had practised as an advocate for

Colt, third

severa l years, disliking that profession, offered himself

as a candidate to succeed his brother, and was unani-
mously chosen. But he did not continue long in that
office. Having betaken himself for some time before
to the study of Divinity, he received a call to be
minister of Holyroodhouse, and resigned his professor-
ship in the end of November this year. 2

On the 27th of the preceding July, Mr. James
Fairly had brought the twenty-third class, consisting
of twenty-two students, then under his charge, to the
Master's degree, in the usual manner ; and in the be-
ginning of the following October he undertook the
xxx. n charge of the new Bejan class. Mr. Andrew Young,
having recovered his health, after a long and severe
illness, was allowed to resume his charge ; and he
proceeded with the Bachelor class. Mr. Stevenson
consequently withdrew, and for some time betook
himself entirely to private study.

1 Mr. Robert Burnet will be men- of three years, he died of a hectic

tioneil altiTw.-inls (see p. 61). Mr. fever in 1617.

James Ker, a few years after, was * He was soon after translated to tin-

chosen a Regent in St. Leonard's Col- church of Foulden, in the Merse, where

lege, St. Andrews, where, after a period he died.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 61

Soon after the commencement of the session, can
didates for the vacant Professorship of Humanity
being invited by means of public programs, Mr.
Eobert Burnet, formerly mentioned, and Mr. Gal-
braith, son to a burgess of Edinburgh, were the only
two who gave in their names. After the trial, the
judges being at a loss which of the two to prefer, it
was agreed to decide the affair by lot. Mr. Burnet Mr. Robert

* Burnet,

proved successful, and Mr. Galbraith went over to J 1 '"! ^HU
France, where he obtained a Professorship in one of" 1
the Colleges of that kingdom. 1

On the 25th of July, Mr. William King's students, 1012.
twenty-four in number, making the twenty-fourth ^^J 1 ^'
class since the foundation, were graduated in the **
usual way. 2 After the vacation, at the commence- October.

J Session

ment of a new session he returned to the charge of XXXL
a new Bejan class.

In July 1613, Charles Shearers, of Dort in Holland, leis.
conveyed to the Treasurer of the city of Edinburgh 500 Donation.
marks for the use of the College, reserving the interest
of that sum to himself and his friends for some time.

On the 31st of the same month the twenty-fifth jui y si.
class, now under the charge of Mr. Andrew Young,
consisting of thirty-one students, received the Master's
degree. The printed Theses, a pretty large collection,
are dedicated in elegant Latin to Sir John Maitland,
Lord Thirlestane, the Chancellor, a man of great in-
tegrity, ability, and learning.

1 Ou the 19th of June, Mr. Alexander 2 The Theses on this occasion have

Douglas being called to be minister at been preserved, and form a large col-

Whittingham, William Watson, stu- lection contained in a quarto pamphlet,

dent in the highest class, was chosen under the heads, " Theses Logicse,

Porter of the College. Physicae, Ethicae, Astronomicae."

62 HISTORY OF THE

October. At the opening of a new session in October, Mr.

Session

Young returned to the charge of the new class, and
the other three Professors proceeded with the other
classes in regular order,
leu. In May 1614, the College was visited by a Com-

A Visitation J * tm

j^thecoi- mittee, consisting of sixteen members 01 the lown-
Council, five Ministers of the city, and three Advo-
cates, assessors of the Town. The chief object of
their meeting was to devise better accommodation for
the public assemblies of aU the five classes, and the
students of Divinity. The graduations, for want of
room in the College, had been for several years per-
formed either in the Trinity College Church, or in
that of the Greyfriars.
July so. On the 30th of July, the twenty-sixth class, under

The twenty- J J

graduate^ 8 the cnar g e OI> Mr. George Reid, consisting of twenty-
eight students, obtained the Master's degree ; and
October, after the vacation Mr. Reid l>efan another session

Session

with a new Bejan class.
i6i5. On the 22d of July 1615, the Magistrand class,

Jev*ithT'iL being the twenty-seventh, and consisting of thirty
five students, under the charge of Mr. James Fairly,
were graduated in the usual manner. John Stewart,
afterwards Earl of Traquair, and Great Treasurer of
Scotland, distinguished himself among the candidates
on this occasion.
o,-t It was now Mr. Fairly's turn to take the charge of

N V u X fM,i,nr the Bejan class on the opening of the session in ( )<-to-
Iter; and on the 27th of December in the same year.

the ToWntCoUllcil resolved, ill eonse<|nel)ee of tin-
report of the late visitors, that a eonmion hall and

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 63

room for a Library should be built, and they allotted
the sum of 3000 marks for that purpose, 1 The work
was soon after begun and carried on with great in-
dustry. The building still remains, and consists of
an upper and under hall ; the former of which is the
Public Library, and the latter was, for many years,
used as the common hall, where public discourses
were delivered and degrees conferred. It extends
from north to south, within the first quadrangle of
the new fabric, for more than 100 feet, its north-west
corner touching the south-east one of the new Chemi-
cal Laboratory. 2

On the 27th of July, the twenty-eighth class, i6i.
twenty-eight in number, under the charge of Mr.

William King, obtained the usual degree. On this ^
occasion, John Campbell, afterwards Earl of Loudon,
and Chancellor of Scotland, was distinguished in the dis-
putation, both in defending and impugning the Theses. 3

At the beginning of the thirty-fifth session, Mr. f ^];^
William King had the charge of the new Bejan class, xxxv
Mr. James Fairly proceeded with the Semi, Mr. James
Eeid with the Bachelor, and Mr. Andrew Young with
the Magistrand.

The year 1617 is famous in the annals of the Col- 1017.
lege of Edinburgh. The King, after an absence of
fourteen years, resolved to visit his native kingdom,
and at his arrival in Edinburgh on the 16th of May, Mayie.

1 Town-Council Records, vol. xii. CHRISTO ET Musis EXTRUENDAS CURA-

2 The inscription over the gate of RUNT. ANNO DOMINI M.DC.XVII."

the Common Hall fronting the west, s See, about establishing parish

is somewhat sing\ilar : " SENATUS Po- schools, December 10, 1616, Chalmers's

EDINBURGENSIS HAS ^EDES Life of Rnddiman, p. 18.

64 HISTORY OF THE

he was received with great demonstrations of loyalty
and affection by the Magistrates and Town- Council,
and the principal citizens. 1 While he remained there,
he discovered a great desire to be present at a philo-
sophical disputation in the College, not only to give
evidence of his passion for learning, but to show his
own proficiency in it. But he was so much employed
in the administration of public affairs, that he was not
able, while in Edinburgh, to accomplish his purpose.
He therefore commanded the Professors to attend him
in the Castle of Stirling on the 19th of the ensuing
July, where he intended to be on his return from a
progress he was to make through several of the towns
of the kingdom.

Meanwhile, the meeting of Parliament and other

solemnities on account of the presence of the Bang,

occasioned such a bustle in the city, that it was

thought proper to indulge the students with a longer

vacation than usual. For that reason the twenty-

June 29. ninth class, under the charge of Mr. Andrew Young,

ninth cia 83 wa s graduated on the 29th of June. It consisted of

graduated.

forty-six students, the greatest number of graduates
at one act of laureation known in Scotland.

^ ^ ne ^ me appoiflted the Professors repaired to
before Stirling Castle, and there, in the Chapel-Royal, about

five o'clock in the evening, in presence of the King
and many of the nobility and learned men of both
kingdoms, commenced a disputation which lasted for
three hours. Nothing could have been more agree-
able to the King's taste than such a pedant ic exhi-

i Adamson's Muses' Welcome to King James, p. 39 ; Maitland's History of
Edinburgh, p. 58.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 65

bition. He not only sat with great patience during
the whole time, but was highly delighted with the
performance.

Mr. Henry Charteris, Principal of the College, being
a man of great modesty, though of profound learning,
was averse to taking any share in the debate on such
a public occasion. He therefore prevailed with Mr.
John Adamson,. who had formerly been one of the
professors of philosophy, but was then minister of
Liberton, to preside in his place. Mr. James Fairly,
one of the Eegents, was pitched upon to draw up and
defend the Theses ; Mr. Patrick Sands, formerly a Re-
gent, Mr. Andrew Young, Mr. James Reid, and Mr. Wil-
liam King, at that time the remaining three Regents
or professors of philosophy, were appointed to impugn.

These Theses have been preserved in " The Muses
Welcome to King James," 1 a book published by
Mr. John Adamson, who presided at the Disputa-

i The full title of the book is : " TA Latin Poetry still makes the principal
TfiN MOTSfiN EI20AIA : The Muses figure, but not in quite so good a taste
Welcome to the High and Mighty as had been discovered by Buchanan.
Prince JAMES, by the Grace of God, The book is dedicated to the King by
King of Great Britaine, France, and John Adamson the editor. The Theses
Ireland, Defender of the Faith, etc. are entitled : " Theses Philosophic^,
At his Majesties happie Returne to his quas ad devotissimum obsequium test-
olde and native Kingdome of Scotland, andum Jacobo Magnae Britannia?, Fran,
after 14. yeeres absence, in anno 1617. et Hib. invictissimo, potentissimoque
Imprinted at Edinburgh by Thomas Fin- Monarcha?, eidemque omnium totius
lason, Printer to his most excellent Ma- orbis Regum philosopho excellentis-
jestie, 1618." It contains the speeches simo proponunt Phil. Professores in
and other addresses presented to the Academia Edinburgena, coram dispu-
King at the different towns and places tandas, A.D. xix. Julii, Sterlini." There
where he stopped in his progress is added at the conclusion : " Dispu-
through Scotland ; and from p. 221 to tatae sunt in Capella Regia ab hora
p. 237, are to be found the above men- quinta vespertina in octavam sine Regis
tioned Theses, with an account of fastidio. Prsesidebat Joannes Adam-
several of the particulars attending the souus. Respondebat Jacobus Fair-
Disputation. The whole exhibits a laexis. Opponebant Patricius Sandaeus,
striking picture of the literary attain- Andreas Junius, Jacobus Reidus, et
ments of the Scots at that period. Gulielmus Regius, Philos. Prof." The

66 HISTORY OF THE

tion, and form a very curious specimen of the sub-
jects of philosophic debate in those days. The
topics selected from the rest, were such as, it was
judged, would be most acceptable to the King and
the rest of the audience. The first thing insisted on
was, That Sheriff's and other inferior Magistrates
ought not to be hereditary. 1 This was opposed by
Mr. Sands with many apposite arguments, to which,
however, such satisfactory answers were given, that
the King, though he himself had for some time sup-
ported Mr. Sands, while the defender still directed all
the answers to the latter, was so well pleased, that
turning to the Marquis of Hamilton, heritable Sheriff
of Clydesdale, who was standing behind his chair,
" James," said he, " you see your cause is lost, and all
that can be said for it distinctly answered and refuted."

The next topic insisted on was the nature of Local
Motion, which Mr. Young illustrated by many argu-
ments from the text of Aristotle. Upon which the
King, addressing himself to certain English Doctors
who attended him, observed that these men were as
well acquainted with the meaning of Aristotle as he
was himself when alive.

Mr. Keid disputed next upon the Origin of Foun-
tains, and the King was so much entertained with
the last argument which was used, that he desired to

introductory speeches of the Pneses, and "l.Licetsupremus Magistral us onmi no

the other disputants are also preservrd, immobilis ct immutabilis sit ; cxpi-ilit

and contain abundance of adulation to tamen, ut inferiores Magistratus aut ad

his learned Majesty. ti-mpus duntaxat detinitum pnr>int,

1 It forms the fourth head, as follows aut pnnlniti;r f'onnatoris et servatoris

"Primus Motor simpliciter immobilis ReijniMic :r rrlin<|iiai)tur.

esl et immutabilis : cceteri Motorea a "2. Inferiores igitur Magistratus non

Primo pendent, et reguntur omnes. di-U-nt .-sst- h;i ivditarii."

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 67

hear more upon the subject, even after the three-
quarters of an hour, the time allotted, were elapsed.
The King himself occasionally interfered in the debate,
sometimes joining the impugner and sometimes the
defender ; expressing himself in elegant Latin, and
showing great acquaintance with the arcana of Philo-
sophy.

Mr. King, in the last place, held a dissertation de
Spontaneo et Invito. Upon which subject, as well as
on all the rest, the King himself took notice of every
argument and answer, with much intelligence, and in
good expression.

When the Disputation was concluded, his Majesty
went to supper, and, after a little time, commanded
the Professors to be introduced, and he conversed with
them in a very learned manner on all the subjects which
had been handled in the Disputation. His Majesty
then condescended to indulge himself in pleasant
allusions to the names of the actors ; thus exercising
a humble species of witticism altogether inconsistent
with the principles of good taste. " Methinks," said
he, " these gentlemen, by their very names, have been
destined for the parts which they have performed to-
day. Adam was the first father of all, and therefore,
very fitly, Adamson had the first part in this act.
The defender is justly called Fairly : his Theses
had some fairlies ; 1 and he sustained them very
fairly, and with many/aiV lies given to his opponents.
And why should not Mr. Sands be the first to enter
the sands ? But now I clearly see that all sands are

1 Afairlie in the Scots dialect signifies a wonder.

68 HISTORY OF THE

not barren, for certainly he hath shown a fertile wit.
Mr. Young is very old in Aristotle ; and Mr. Reid 1
need not be red with blushing for his manner of
acting to-day. Mr. King disputed very kingly, and
of a kingly purpose, concerning the- royal supremacy
of reason over anger and all passions. I am so well
satisfied/' continued his Majesty, " with this day's
exercise, that I will be god -father to the College of
Edinburgh, and have it called THE COLLEGE OF KING
JAMES ; for, after the foundation of it had been
stopped for several years in my minority, as soon as
I came to any knowledge, I zealously held hand to it,
and caused it to be established. And, although many
look upon it with an evil eye, yet I will have them to
know that, having given it this name, I have espoused
its quarrel." One of the attendants hinted to his
Majesty that there was one of the company of whom
he had taken no notice, Mr. Henry Charteris, Prin-
cipal of the College, who sat, during the Disputation,
on the President's right hand, and who was a man
of profound and universal learning, though not for-
ward to speak in so august an assembly. " Well,"
said his Majesty, "his name agree th very well with
his nature, for charters contain much matter, yet say
nothing, but put great purposes in men's mouths."

The witty allusions thus made by the King to the
names of the disputants being much applauded by
those who stood by his chair, htis Majesty signified his
<l-sire that they should be expressed in verse, in
which he not only took much delight, but could

1 Pronounced Red in the Scots way.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 69

himself make verses with great readiness. Various
attempts were accordingly made to versify them, both
in English and in Latin ; and some of these pro-
ductions were afterwards printed. 1

One of the English Doctors having expressed a
wonder at the King's fluency and elegance in the
speaking of Latin, " All the world," said his Majesty,
" knew that my preceptor, George Buchanan, was a
great master in that faculty. I follow his pronuncia-
tion both of the Latin and Greek, and am sorry that
my people of England do not the like, for certainly
their pronunciation utterly spoileth the grace of these
two learned languages ; but ye see that all the learned
men of Scotland express the true and native pro-
nunciation of both." 2

The King continued his discourse on the subjects of

i See the " Muses Welcome," ubi id a te dictum non iuficior : milii tameu

supra. As it is almost impossible to hoc quicquid est nominis argumento

translate puns into a different language, potius esse debet, quo minus in Arenam

three different attempts to express these tarn nobilem me temere protrudam.

in Latin, selected from a great many Quid enim in philosophicis opera pretii

others, have, as may be supposed, all prastare poterunt, coram Rege omnium

failed. The following is the English, 4>t\o<To0ajrara;, steriles, mihi nomen,

or rather Scottish version of them : Arence '( conaborue ego soli lumen, aut

" As A dam was the first of men, > coelo sidera inferre ?" P. 226. The

whence all beginning tak, j writings of Shakspere, that transcen-

So Adamson was president, | dent genius in other respects, who died

and first man in this Act," etc. J this very year, and, as well as Bacon,

See the " Muses Welcome," p. 231. reflects ineffable lustre on this period,

But we must not suppose that a taste abound in -this species of witticism,

for such wretched witticisms was pecu- and show that it was then the prevail,

liar to James. It was the fashion of ing taste also in England.

the times ; and the disputants them- ^ T

., TT- 4.1 "Now it is room enough, and Rome
selves had even given the King the

hint ; for the Prases concluded his in-
troductory speech in these word's: See "Julius Caesar," and innumerable
" Tu qui ab arenis nomen habes, Patrici other instances.

Sandaee, primus in Arenam descendito." 2 His Majesty's partiality has carried

To which Mr. Sands answered: "Quod him somewhat too far here; though

ab arenis nomen habeam, dignissime something might be said in favour of

Prases, ideone me primum in Arenam his opinion. The Scots pronunciation

haiic vocas ? lepide quidem, et argute is certainly much better understood

70 HISTORY OF THE

the disputation till ten at night ; again expressed great
satisfaction with the entertainment he had received ;
and promised that, as he had given the College of
Edinburgh a name, he would also in due time give it
a Koyal God-bairn gift for enlarging its patrimony.
He took occasion, from the subjects which had been
handled that day, to speak on many points of philo-
sophy with such subtilty and skill as very much sur-
prised the learned hearers. 1

Having taken his departure from Stirling he arrived
at Glasgow on the 22d of July, where a deputation of
the Town-Council of Edinburgh was directed to wait
on him, and to offer him the thanks of the town for
his great attention bestowed upon their College. Two
days after, when at Paisley, he sent the following letter
to the Town-Council :

" JAMES R- Trusty and well beloved, We greet you
well. Being sufficiently persuaded of the good begin-
ning and progress which you have made in repairing
and building of your College ; and of your commend-
able resolution instantly to proceed and persist there-
in, till the same shall be perfectly finished ; for your
better encouragement in a work so universally bene-
ficial for our subjects, and of such ornament and
reputation for our City in particular, We have thought

abroad than the English ; but that the licori Doron, particularly the two last

latter spoiletk the grace of the learned hooks ; the True Law of Free Mon-

tongue* will not be so readily allowed. archies ; his Answer to Cardinal Per-

1 "That James w as but a middling run; and almost all his speeches :md

writer rnay be allowed ; that he was a messages to Parliament, \\ill confess

conteinjitildf <>ne can by no means l.e him to li;ivc possessed no mean genius."

admitted. Whoever will read hi.s JJ.i. i Hume'.- Appendix to James tin- Fust.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 7l

good, not only to declare our special approbation
thereof, but likewise, as we gave the first being and
beginning thereunto, so we have thought it worthy to
be honoured with our name of our own imposition ;
and the rather because of the late care, which we
received of the good worth and sufficiency of the
Masters thereof, at their being with us at Stirling :
in which regard, these are to desire you to order the
said College to be called in all time hereafter by the
name of KING JAMES'S COLLEGE, which we intend for
a special mark and badge of our favour toward the
same. So, doubting not but you will accordingly
accept thereof, We bid you heartily farewell. From
our Court at Paisley, the 25th of July 1617."

About the beginning of October the Professors October.

Session

returned to their usual employment. Mr. Andrew
Young undertook the charge of a new Bejan class,
while Mr. William King earned forward the Semi,
Mr. James Fairly, the Bachelor, and Mr. James Eeid,
the Magistrand.

On the 4th of March this year, the sum of 200
marks had been received by the Treasurer, being a
legacy bequeathed to the College by the late David
Alexander, merchant; and on the 30th of December
the following year, Hugh Wright, also a merchant, de-
livered to the Treasurer 1000 marks, to receive an
annuity during his own life, which was afterwards to
form part of a salary for a Professor of Divinity.

Mr. James Keid's students, thirty-four in number,
and forming the thirtieth class, were graduated on the

72 HISTORY OF THE

i6i8. 25th of July 1618. In the title of the Theses, which

July 25.

cia e ss^du h were published on this occasion, the College begins to
take the name of ACADEMIA JACOBI KEGis. 1

1619
r

first Class

October the meeting of the thirty -seventh session in

xxxvii. October, Mr. Keid began the new Bejan class ; and on
the 24th of July 1619, the Magistrand, under the
charge of Mr. Fairly, received the degree in the usual

J

graduated. manne r, being the thirty-first class, consisting of thirty-
three students.

This year abounded in donations to the College.
January 15th : Alexander Stobo, a messenger, be-
queathed 300 marks for increasing the stock for a
salary to a Professor of Divinity. May 28th : a
legacy of 1000 marks for maintaining bursars, 2 by
Archibald Johnston, was delivered to the Treasurer
by Samuel Johnston the donor's son. June 2d : Sir
William Nisbet of Dean, Lord Provost, paid to the
Treasurer 1000 pounds for the Professor of Divinity's
stipend. On the 25th of the same month, 100 marks
were received as a legacy by William Justice, being a
contribution to the College building. And on the
21st of July, James Young and Barbara Robertson,
his wife, allotted 100 marks as part of a fund for the
support of bursars.

October. The College as usual having assembled in October

xxx via after the vacation, the charge of the Bejan class de-

volved on Mr. Fairly, while Mr. Reid proceeded with

1 " Theses Philosophies*, quas Dei cum laurea emitteixli. Pra-sidc' Jacobo

Opt. Max. ductu, et auspiciis, ad diem 6 Reido. Edinburgi, cxcudebat Amlmis

Kal. Augusti, Edinburgi, in Jb\e sacra Hart. Anno 1618." 4to.
Regii Collegii, propugnabunt Adole-

s< vnU's Magisterii Candidati, ex ACA- * Bursars, or poor students, as in

DKMIA JACOBI REGIS; hoc anno 1618, Cra\um.r> History.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 73

the Semi, Mr. Young with the Bachelor, and Mr. King
with the Magistrand, till the 22d of July 1620, when 1620 .
this last class, being the thirty-second, and consisting ^J^J
of thirty-five students, received the degree. On this graduated -
occasion Patrick Hume of Polwarth particularly dis-
tinguished himself both in defending and impugning
the Theses.

During this year a new and remarkable arrangement
was made in the College. Mr. Patrick Sands, after college.
holding a Professorship of Philosophy for eight years,
had resigned that office and gone abroad with Lord
Newbattle, son of the Earl of Lothian. On his return
he had been advised to engage in the study and prac-
tice of the law; but as he did not succeed according to
his expectation in this profession, David Akinhead,
whose sister he had married, being Dean of Guild, and
having great influence in the Town-Council, set on
foot a scheme for having him made Primar or Principal
of the College. Towards the conclusion of the year
1618, Mr. Henry Charteris, who had only 500 pounds
of salary, applied for an augmentation equal to the
stipend of the ministers. The Dean of Guild admitted
the reasonableness of his request, but, pretending that
the revenue of the College was not sufficient for en-
abling the patrons to comply with his demand, he
advised him to take the first opportunity of accepting
of a call to be minister of any vacant parish. This
learned and worthy man readily comprehended the
hint, and immediately resolved to retire from the
office of Principal, in hopes of finding some other
station where the merit of his services would be better
understood by his constituents. He was prevailed on,

74 HISTORY OF THE

however, by the professors, who had the highest re-
spect for his talents and character, to preside over
them for a year longer. But having received a call to
Mr. Henry be minister of North Leith, he at last resigned Ins

Charteris &

charge on the 20th of March 1620.

The office of An opportunity was thus furnished for executing
tne scheme of accommodation in favour of Mr. Sands.

The charge of Principal or Primar of the College, and
Professor of Divinity, which had been hitherto united,
Mr. Andrew was now divided. Mr. Andrew Ramsay, one of the
p^5^ or of ministers of the city, was elected by the Town-Council
Reetoronhe and the other ministers to be public Professor of

College.

Divinity, and also to be Rector of the College for the

ensuing year, this last office being considered only as

The two annual. At the same time, the two senior Regents,

So p?3te- -^ r - Andrew Young, and Mr. James Reid, were created

public Professors, the former of the Mathematics, and

f the Metaphysics ; and Mr. Patrick Sands

Patrick
nd

ma n r d orprin- was elected Primar or Principal, during the pleasure
of the Town-Council. 1 And notwithstanding the pre-

arranged.

tence of the scantiness of the College revenue formerly
held out to the late Principal, Mr. Ramsay, as Pro-
fessor of Divinity, had an appointment of 500 pounds;
Mr. Sands, 1000 marks, with 100 pounds for lumsr
rent ; and the two senior Regents, the additional sum
each of 250 marks, which was i-qual to their fornin
salaries as ordinary Regents. The salaries also of the
two junior Regents, Mr. James Fairly and Mr. William
King, were augmented from 150 marks to LT.O marks
each. A committee was appointed by the To \\n-
(' iincil, the 22d of March, to receive the Library

1 Town-Council Records, vol. xiii. March uo.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 75

from Mr. Henry Charteris, which was still kept in a The charge of

J the Library

private chamber, and to deliver it to the charge of the SSfJJJ"
new Principal ; and that Mr. Charteris might not
appear to be altogether neglected, a gratuity of 1000
marks was bestowed upon him for his long and faith-
ful services. 1

This year Mr. William Eig senior, contributed to
the College for the support of a Professor of Divinity
the sum of 625 marks, which was received by the
Treasurer on the 23d of August.

At the opening of the College in October, after the 1620.

October.

vacation, Mr. William King commenced the session Jxxix.
with the charge of the new Bejan class, the other three
Regents proceeding with the other classes in the
usual order.

On the 23d of January, the City Treasurer received 1621.

January 23.

a legacy of 1000 marks, bequeathed by Thomas Spear Donations.
for the support of a Professor of Divinity ; and on the
20th of April, Sir William Nisbet of Dean, having
added a year's interest to his former donation of 1000
pounds, which made the principal sum 1100 pounds,
stipulated with the Town-Council that an annuity of
100 pounds should be paid as part of a stipend also
for a Professor of Divinity.

Mr. Andrew Young brought the students of the Ju i y i4.
Ma on strand class to the Master's degree on the 14th thSdciafs

graduated.

of July 1621, somewhat earlier than the usual period,
on account of the meeting of that Parliament which
was long known among the people by the appellation
of the Black Parliament, because in it were ratified

1 Town-Council Records, vol. xiii. March 22.

76 HISTORY OF THE

the five obnoxious Articles adopted in the year 1618
by the Perth Assembly, favourable to the Episcopal
hierarchy, which James had it so much at heart to
establish, upon the model of the Church of England.
The gratitude, however, of the College of Edinburgh
w^as due to this very Parliament. For, having met on
the 4th of August, it passed an act wherein the differ-
ent grants made by his Majesty to the Provost, Magis-
trates, Corporation and Community of the city of
Edinburgh are particularly stated and ratified ; which
ratification is declared to be " as valid, effectual, and
sufficient in all respects as if the foresaid infeftments
of the dates respective above written, were at length
and word by word engrossed in this present Act/'
Likewise, " for the farther encouragement " of the said
Provost, Bailies, Council, and Community of Edin-
burgh, " in repairing and re-edifying of the said Col-
lege, and placing therein sufficient professors for
teaching of all liberal sciences, ordains the said College
in all time to come to be called King James's CoDege ;
and also, with advice of the said Estates of Parliament,
his Majesty has of new again given, granted, and dis-
poned to them and their successors, in favour of tin-
said burgh of Edinburgh, patrons of the said College,
and of the Rector, Eegents, bursars, and students
within the same, all liberties, freedoms, immunities,
and privileges appertaining to a free College, and that
in as ample form and large manner as any College Jm*
or bruiks within his Majesty's realm." 1

At the commencement of a new session it was Mr.

1 Acts of the Parliament of Scotlaud.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 77

Young's turn to besrin the Beian class, the three other October.

C ^ . Session XL.

Professors conducting the others in the usual order.

This session, a legacy by John Lawtie, apothecary, 1022.
of 100 pounds, was delivered to the Treasurer on the Donations -
22d of July 1622. On the 27th of the same month, Juiy27.

* The thirty-

Mr. James Keid advanced his class, being the thirty- ^duaSd 88
fourth, and consisting of thirty-six students, to the
Master's degree, with the usual solemnity.

Mr. Patrick Sands, Principal, having given small Mr. sands

resigns the

satisfaction in the government of the College, resigned
that charge on the 7th of August into the hands of
David Akinhead, then Provost of the city, and re-
ceived a gratuity of 1000 marks. 1 On the 30th of
the same month, Mr. Eobert Balcanquhal, minister of
Tranent, gave security for the principal sum of 1000
marks, bequeathed to the College for the support of a
Professor of Divinity, by the late Mr. Walter Balcan-
quhal his father, who had been a great promoter of the
prosperity of the College from its foundation to the
time of his death. At the same time he paid the
arrears of interest due upon that sum. The same
year a legacy of 300 marks, bequeathed for the same
use by John Mason, merchant, was delivered to the
Treasurer by Isobel Brown, his widow.

Soon after the commencement of a new session, October.
when Mr. James Eeid had undertaken the charge of x-
the Bejan class, and the other three Eegents were pro-
ceeding with the other classes in the usual order, the
Town-Council appointed the Provost and Bailies,
with some of the ministers, to inquire at Mr. Eobert

1 Town-Council Records, vol. xiii. August 7.

78 HISTORY OF THE

Boyd of Trochrig, Principal of the College of Glas-
gow, on what conditions he would accept of the same
office in the College of' Edinburgh. 1 In consequence
of this he was chosen Principal, and also one of the
October is. eight ministers of Edinburgh, on the 18th of October,

Mr. Rol.iTt f .

JSei^r 111 with 1200 marks of stipend and 200 marks as house
rent. But he resigned the office on the 31st of Jan-
uary 1623, for what reason does not appear, after
holding it for a few months.
16-23. On the 26th of July, the thirty-fifth class, under the

imh ci-iS '" cnar g e of Mr. James Fairly, consisting of thirty stu-
dents, received the Master's degree. Mr. Andrew
Young, the senior Eegent, and public Professor of the
Mathematics, performed the ceremony of graduation,
as the office of Principal was vacant by the resignation
of Mr. Boyd.

Death of Mr. This was Mr. Young's last public appearance. He
died very soon after, being about forty five years of
age. He had been a Professor of Philosophy in Aber-

deen two years, and twenty-two in the College of
Edinburgh, where he had received his education. He
was distinguished as a very diligent and successful
teacher, his lectures and dictates being very perspi-
cuous, and at the same time, concise and comprehen-
sive. He was said also to be a remarkably el(\u-;mt
classical scholar, and very well acquainted with the
trxt of Aristotle, but to have had a great disgust ;it
the wrangling of the scholastic philosophers. 2

Records, vol. xiii. acquired considerable wealth, he had

October i'tli and loth. :in only daughter, wlm was married

hi-> \\ife Barbara I'.rown, a very to Sir Miehael Nasmylh of

frugal woman, by whu.M- a>-i -tanef he Tweeddale.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 79

Mr. Andrew Stevenson, Professor of Humanity, 1 who
had formerly been elected his successor during his first

Humanity,

illness, was, alter the space of twelve years, substituted
in his place the second time.

The offices of Professor of Humanity and of Prin-
cipal being now both vacant, a comparative trial was
held for supplying the former. Four competitors
appeared, Mr. William Hog, Mr. David Will, Mr.
George Hannay, and Mr. Samuel Eutherford : and the Mr. s

J ' Rutherford,

last, after some hesitation, was preferred by the judges,
and elected sixth Professor of Humanity.

At the opening of the forty-second session, Mr. eT
James Fairly undertook the charge of the Bejan class, 8 xuT
while Mr. James Eeid proceeded with the Semi, Mr.
Andrew Stevenson with the Bachelor, and Mr. William
King with the Magistrand.

Meanwhile, the Town-Council, the Ministers and
Professors, were unanimously of opinion that Mr. John
Adam son would be the most proper person to preside
over the College. He had formerly held the office of
one of the Eegents during seven years with great re-
putation, and was afterwards minister of North Ber-
wick, from whence he was translated to Liberton. It
was while he officiated in this last charge that he had
the honour to preside in the disputation held at Stir-
ling Castle before the King, in the year 1 6 1 7, in place
of Mr. Henry Charteris, who declined that public
appearance. He was accordingly chosen Principal on Nov 2 i
the 21st of November, and remained longer in fchat Ad Mon

fifth Prin-

1 Mr. Robert Burnet had been elected office, or at what particular time Mr.
fourth Professor of Humanity in the Andrew Stevenson succeeded him, I have
year 1611, but how long he held the not been able to ascertain.

80 HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH.

situation than any person who enjoyed the office,
except the late Dr. William Eobertson. His annual
salary was 1200 marks, with 200 marks as house rent.
Donations. On the 1 Oth of December, William Dick, merchant,
delivered to the City Treasurer 300 marks, being a
donation to the College by Margaret Stewart his
mother; and on the 16th of January 1624, the Trea-
surer received also 500 marks, a legacy of James
Ainslie, towards maintaining a Professor of Divinity.
1624. On the 25th of July, the thirty-sixth class, under

July 25.

SthciSs -M- 1 *- William King, in number twenty-seven, received

the Master's degree with the usual solemnity.

October. After the commencement of a new session in Octo-

XLIII. b er ^ ]y[ rt King having the charge of the Bejan class,

and the other professors proceeding as usual in their

order with the other classes, towards the close of this

year and beginning of the next, some apprehended

appearance of the plague dispersed for a few days

both the Court of Justice and the College ; and though

the alarm proved to be without foundation, yet the

classes, especially the lowest, on this account lost a

considerable number of students.

less. During this session, on the 2 7th of March 1625, died

March 27.

J ames tne Sixth of Scotland and First of Great Britain ;
a prince to whom the University of Edinburgh is in-
debted for its original institution, and for the unre-
mitted attention with which he protected and cherished
it in its infant state ; and to whom the Lord Provost,
Magistrates, and Council of Edinburgh owe a most
important and honourable patronage, such as no other
corporation in Great Britain can boast.

CHAPTEE III.

FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE REIGN OF CHARLES I. TO THE
RESTORATION OF CHARLES II.

THE accession of Charles, the only surviving son of
the late King, made no immediate change upon the
affairs of Scotland ; and the University of Edinburgh
being in a nourishing condition, education proceeded
there in the same manner which had been practised
for many years.

On the 23d of July 1625, the thirty-seventh class,
under the care of Mr. Andrew Stevenson, but which

Class gradu-

had been instructed the two first years of the course ated -
by Mr. Andrew Young, were graduated in the usual
manner, being thirty-six in number. The Theses,
printed by the heirs of Andrew Hart, were dedicated
to the celebrated Thomas Hope of Craighall, a great
promoter of the prosperity of the College, and who,
about this time, was appointed King's Advocate.

During the vacation, Mr. James Fairly, who had J: r f y a 8
been one of the Professors of Philosophy for seventeen S\, a r n a da

,,,.. r T i successor

years, having accepted of a call to be minister ot Leith, announced,
resigned his academical charge. A comparative trial
being announced, in the usual manner, for the election
of a new Kegent, eight candidates appeared, namely, Eight
Mr. Patrick Panter, Mr. Thomas Crawford, Mr. John

HISTORY OF THE

Brown, Mr. George Harm ay, Mr. Robert Eankin, Mr.
Alexander Hepburn, Mr. John Armour, and Mr. Samuel
Fraser, the first two having received their degree at
St. Andrews, and the other six at Edinburgh. The
particulars of this trial have been preserved by Mr.
Thomas Crawford, who, though one of the unsuccess-
ful candidates on this occasion, afterwards became one
of the greatest ornaments of the University.

^ e J U( % es appointed by the Town- Council, besides
the ministers of the city, were Mr. Alexander Morison, 1
and Mr. Alexander Peirson, advocates, and assessors
to the Magistrates, Mr. Patrick Sands, late Principal,
and John Gelly, doctor of medicine.

^ n6 subjects of the trial were distributed by lot, and
were obtained as follows : The 1st, De Quanta, by
Mr. Brown ; the 2d, being chap. I. De Demonstration'.
by Mr. Rankin ; the 3d, being the last chapter of the
same, by Mr. Armour ; the 4th, being the chapter of
book n. of the Ethics, De Affectibus ; the 5th, viz.,
the last chapter of the first book of Acroasis dc
Materia Prima, by Mr. Crawford ; the 6th, viz., the
second chapter of book I. De Ccelo, by Mr. Fraser ; the
7th, being chap. ii. book I. De Ortu ; the last, viz.
De Facultatibus Animce, by Mr. Panter.
J*J of These subjects were prescribed on a Saturday at
eleven o'clock to be discussed by the candidates on the
ensuing Monday, the time of three quarters of an hour
Ix-iiig allowed to each. On Monday the trial com-
menced at eight o'clock in the morning, and continued
till near seven . in the evening, the one half of the

1 Aft(i\\ai.l> J,<>nl I'rcstongrange, and Rector of t lie rnivi-rsity.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 83

candidates discoursing in the forenoon, and the other
in the afternoon, before a very numerous audience.
The next day, in the afternoon, Mr. Brown defended
his thesis De Quanta, against the other seven candi-
dates, half an hour each, the dispute having been opened
by the Principal. The following days, the rest, suc-
ceeding in their order, disputed in the same manner,
excepting Mr. Samuel Fraser, who declined the con-
test after the first day's debate.

At the close of the trial the judges selected two of opinion of
the number as particularly well qualified, but recom- thejud
mended Mr. Patrick Panter 1 as the best. But David
Aikenhead, Lord Provost, and Mr. John Hay, town-
clerk, having a particular predilection for Mr. Kobert
Kankin, who was the son of a burgess of Edinburgh,
and allowed to be a young man of great ability, and
who had studied two years in the University of Cam-
bridge, their interest in the Council had gained over a
great party to support their views.

On putting the vote, the Bailies, Dean of Guild, Mr. Robert

. -. .

Treasurer, and principal Councillors, who were
under influence, supported the recommendation of the

* *

Rankin

Philosophy.

judges, but a majority following the Provost, the elec-
tion was made in favour of Mr. Kobert Kankin. Many
of the most respectable members of the Council were

1 Mr. Patrick Panter was a native of parson of Oldhamstocks, were after-

Dundee, and became Professor of Di- terwards Regents in the College of

vinity at St. Andrews ; Mr. George Edinburgh. Mr. John Armour the son

Hannay, who was son to a burgess of of a burgess, was soon after chosen

Canongate, was afterwards minister of Professor of Humanity in the same

Torphichen ; Mr. John Brown, who was University, and afterwards of Philo-

son of Mr. William Brown, Clerk of sophy at St. Andrews. Crawford's

Exchequer, and Mr. Alexander Hep*- History of the University of Edinburgh.
burn, son of Mr. Thomas Hepburn,

84 HISTORY OF THE

much offended with the decision, and complained, with
reason, that contrary to the fair mode of proceeding at
all former elections, the opinion of the judges had not
been followed. Mr. Kankin was installed next day,
being the 1 8th of November.

1625. At the commencement of the forty-fourth Session in
sessW October, Mr. Stevenson having undertaken the charge
of the new Bejan class, Mr. King proceeded with the
Semi, Mr. Fairly with the Bachelor, and Mr. Keid
with the Magistrand. Towards the end of November,
Mr. Kankin, the new professor, succeeded to Mr.
Mr. samuei Fairly's charge ; about which time Mr. Samuel Kuther-
^ or( ^ professor of Humanity, having incurred some
scandal on account of an irregular marriage, found it
prudent to resign his office.

On this occasion it was apprehended that there
would be a great number of competitors for the vacant
chair, most of those especially who had stood a trial at
the two last elections. In order to dimmish the num-
ber, in the first place, a promise was given to Mr. John
Brown of the first Professorship of Philosophy that
should be vacant, in consideration of his father's steady
attachment to the interest of the City. This too gave
great disgust to several of the most respectable mem-
bers of the Council, as they regarded it as another
neglect of the opinion of the judges at the Lite trial.
In the next place, as the Principal (who, by the terms
of the foundation of the Professorship of Humanity,
was entitled to give his advice in elections to that
office), and also several of the Regents, were of opinion
that the former mode of trial iii the election of Pro-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 85

fessors of Humanity was too slight an Ode of Horace
to be explained and commented upon by the candi-
dates for the space of three quarters of an hour being
all that had been required ; it was resolved, with the
consent of the six delegates from the Town-Council
and College of Justice, that candidates should be ex-
amined on a variety of Greek and Latin authors ad
aperturam libri. This accordingly had the effect to
intimidate competitors, insomuch, that on the 27th of
March, the day appointed by the public program, there
appeared only Mr. John Armour and Mr. Thomas
Crawford. They were examined in the upper hall of
the College, in presence of the six delegates, the Prin-
cipal and Professors, and a great number of other men
of letters.

It fell to the lot of Mr. Crawford to be tried first, comparative

trial of a

and in the meantime the other candidate was removed.

The authors pitched upon were Plautus, Ovid, Horace,
Lucan, Juvenal, Virgil, Hesiod, and Orphei Ov^La^ara.
Upon each of these the competitors were severally
examined, as long as the Judges thought proper, and
Mr. Crawford proving the successful candidate, he was Mr. Thomas

- 1 Crawford

appointed to hold an inaugural lecture (ad clepsy- ^nth
dram) next day at two o'clock, upon an Ode of Humanity?'
Horace. He was admitted to his office on the 29th of
March 1626. 1

On the 29th of July, Mr. James Eeid promoted the
thirty-eighth class to the Master's degree, being twenty-
four in number. Several of the students had retired

Sc

1 The Town-Council made a handsome donation to Mr. Samuel Rutherford,
the late Professor, on his resignation.

86 HISTORY OF THE

before this time, through an apprehension of some
symptoms of the plague. The Theses at this gradua-
tion are dedicated to Thomas Earl of Melrose. The
first article of them is entitled, Theses de Disciplinis
in genere.

There, in one passage Mr. Eeid takes occasion to
expose the futility of certain modern theologians, who
affect to despise the liberal sciences, and who are not
afraid or ashamed to brand Philosophy with insolent
and opprobrious epithets. " Whatever these persons
may think of themselves," says he, " who thus contemn
human Philosophy, such is its lustre in the Christian
life, and so great its benefit to civil society, that
Aristippus chose rather to be a Christian philosopher
than an ignorant or unphilosophic divine/' 1
Dispute be- I n this he particularly alluded to the conduct of
jafne n s Re'id Mr. William Struthers, one of the ministers of Edin-

and the Rev.

8truthe!i am burgh, and moderator of the Presbytery, who, on the
trial of a certain candidate for the character of a
preacher of the gospel before the Presbytery, had ex-
pressed himself in contemptuous terms of Philosophy,
calling it the dish-clout to Divinity. This, the Pro-
fessor at the public graduation took the opportunity
of resenting, which cost him dear. For Struthers,
being highly offended with the retort, and having
formerly borne its author a secret grudge, he prevailed

1 " Temere satis, salse, ac rigide satis " Qunnticunquo i.dtur sil>i videren-

pcrstringwnt recentiorcs quidam Theo- tur, jui liuinunnni si- drs]>i<vivut I'lij.

logi disciplinas has liberaliores ; dum loso}ihiani ; taut a taim-u lux rst ipsius

eanuu faniulitium (quod certe honnra- in vita Cliristiau;i, tantus UMIS in So-

rmiiiTheologiirprre8tant)cuni^et'cM/is cietate civili, ut Aristippu* maK

tun/inn inter dopes conferre non ver- I'liil<>si>]>liiis cliristiauus, quain '1'lico.

entur, non erubcscunt logus Aphilusophus."

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 87

with the other ministers of the City, and also several
other distinguished members of the Presbytery, to
espouse his quarrel, and immediately after the gradua-
tion he brought a charge against the Professor before
the Town-Council. Mr. Reid, who was a man of a
most respectable character, and much esteemed by the
members of the Town-Council, and by a numerous
circle of friends, being then in a bad state of health,
was advised by his physicians to retire without loss
of time to a country-house he had in Fife ; and the
Council, being averse from entertaining any accusation
against him, concurred in the same advice, in hopes
that the resentment of Mr. Struthers and his brethren
would subside before the next assembling of the Col-
lege. The event turned out otherwise, for in his ab-
sence his enemies were very active in carrying on their
designs against him, and the new elections happening
in the beginning of October, about the time of Mr.
Reid's return to town, the ministers, whose power in
the City was very great at that time, availing them-
selves of certain unfavourable circumstances in his
conduct, succeeded in stirring up a strong prejudice
against him. He had still, however, a great number
of friends in the Council, who secretly warned him of
the hazard to which he was exposed. He therefore,
by the advice of his lawyers, appealed his cause from
the Council of the town to the Privy-Council. This
circumstance, which went to deny the jurisdiction of
the Town-Council, was taken advantage of by those who
were hostile to the defendant ; and the Town-Council
instantly asserted what they apprehended to be their

88 HISTORY OF THE

M ri'vi e of his ^deniable right, by pronouncing sentence of depriva-
M ffi r c john d tion against him, and by electing immediately in his
elected in place Mr. John Brown, to whom the first vacant pro-

his ]>luoe *

fessorship of Philosophy had been promised. In the

terms of the sentence, no other ground of procedure
was stated than that the Council had acted so for
reasons known to themselves and moving them. Mr.
Keid complained of the injustice of this sentence, and
had sufficient interest to procure a mandate from
Court for reinstating him in his office. But compliance
with this order being on some pretence or other eluded
or delayed, he was at last prevailed with to give in a
voluntary resignation, which he did on the 13th of
July 1627, 1 and then retired to his own house, where
he lived in tranquillity to a good old age. The Town-
Council, however, to show their sense of his faithful
services for twenty-four years, bestowed on him a
donation of 1000 pounds Scots. 2 Indeed, they seem
to have set him aside with great reluctance, and to
have sacrificed him merely to the implacable resent-
ment of Struthers and his friends.

^ * ne commencement of the. forty-fifth session in
the preceding October, Mr. Keid who had entered upon
the charge of the new Bejan class, was, in the course
of the session, in consequence of the above-mentioned
procedure, superseded by Mr. John Brown, while Mr.
Stevenson proceeded with the Semi, Mr. King with

i Reid resigned his public professor- attached to the pmfVssoi.sliip of Logic

ship of Metaphysics at the same time with which it is still conjoined.

(Town-Council Records, July 13, 1627); a Town-Council Records, July 18,

an office which, after histime, continued 1627.
dormant till the year 1708, when it was

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 89

the Bachelor, and Mr. Kankin with the Magistrand
class.

The Library which had been begun by Mr. Clement increase of

, the Library.

Little had greatly increased by donations from the
candidates for the Master's degree, and from other
generous benefactors ; and a private chamber being
now unable to furnish proper accommodation for the
books, they were removed into the upper great hall,
until a room sufficiently capacious should be built for
their reception. This was afterwards done, in conse-
quence of an Act of Council passed in April 1642 ;
and the apartment now called the Museum, 1 where the
Professor of Natural History gives his lectures, and of
which the west end is occupied by the Humanity class,
was originally erected for a library, and was actually
appropriated to that use till about the year 1760, as
shall oe more particularly mentioned elsewhere. As
the Principal, who hitherto had the sole charge of
keeping the Library, found it now necessary to have
some assistance in that duty, the patrons on the 26th
of December 1626, allowed him a sum of money for
employing a servant to attend to the situation of the
books.

Mr. Andrew Eamsay, who for six years had been Mr. Andrew
Rector of the University, and Professor of Divinity,
the former of which offices he acknowledged to have pr

been a mere title, had resigned them both on the
8th of March 1626, but continued to discharge the
duties of the Professorship to the end of the year.
In the beginning of the next year, the Town-Council

1 Anno 1800.

90 HISTORY OF THE

were still of opinion that it would contribute to the

more commodious government of the whole University

that a Kector should be chosen, and having on the 5th

1627 . of January 1627 held a meeting with the ministers of

Au'""n,?er ' the City, first within the College, and afterwards within

Al. iris. MI. J'

the Council-Chamber, they elected into that office for
^ e ensum g vear > Alexander Morison of Prestongrange,
one of the Lords of Session, much distinguished for his
learning. He appeared before the Council and took
an oath de fideli administratione, but it does not
appear that he entered any further into the duties of
his new function.

The vacant Prpfessorship of Divinity was supplied

on the 19th of April, by recalling into the College

from the charge of the Church of North Leith, the

Mr. Henry venerable Mr. Henry Charteris, who had been for-

Charteris re- *

p a rofes^r- he nierly Principal, and also Professor of Divinity, when
Divinity, those offices were held in conjunction, but who now

agreed to confine himself entirely to the duties of

the latter. 1

1627. On the 28th of July, the thirty-ninth class, twenty-
ni!i\h Saw S ^ X m num ker, received the usual degree. They had

been instructed the two first years of the course by

Mr. Fairly, and the remaining two by Mr. Eankin.

The Theses published on this occasion were dedicated

to the Lord Provost David Aikenhead, the Bailies, and

the rest of the Town-Council.

i The donations hitherto received for agreeing that the excess of his salary

the support of a Professor of Divinity above the interest of the donations

were still inadequate to the purpose. should !> rcl'midi-d to tin- Town from

Mr. < 'harteria accepted of 1000 marks the profits .f MI. v.v. ling gifts.
of annual salary, with a dwelling-house,

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 91

In the beginning of October, at the opening of a October,
new session, the College consisted of the following XLVL
members, viz. I-
Alexander Morison, Lord Prestongrange, Rector of the Uni-
versity.

Mr. John Adamson, Principal.
Mr. Henry Charteris, Professor of Divinity.
Mr. Robert Rankin,

Mr. John Brown,

Professors of Philosophy.
Mr. Andrew Stevenson,

Mr. William King,

Mr. Thomas Crawford, Professor of Humanity.

Mr. Kankin had the charge of the Bejan class, the was.
other three Philosophy Professors proceeding in their T} ie f(irtieth

i */ JT o Cliss trni"

order with the other classes, till the 27th of July 1628, duate
when Mr. King brought the fortieth class to the
Magisterial degree, consisting only of fifteen students ;
the number being so small on account of the fear of
the plague, which prevailed in the first year of the
course.

The new session in October 1628 opened with the was.

x October.

Bejan class, under the care of Mr. King ; and the f5?$
others proceeded under their respective Professors in
the usual order.

This year all the Laws or Begulations of the College Laws of the
were collected together and inserted into a Register.
The greater part of them formerly had remained in
the custody of the Principal, and used to be read
annually in public after the examination of the classes
in November.

On the 3d of December the Town-Council passed
an act ordaining the Laws to be observed for the

92 HISTORY OF THE

future, and to be inserted in the Town-Council
Kecords. 1

In the month of July died Mr. Henry Charteris,
Professor of Divinity, a man of profound erudition,
being not only well acquainted with the ancient lan-
guages, but an excellent Philosopher and Theologian,
and at the same time of singular modesty and sanctity
of character.

A violent dispute arose about the election of his
successor. The King was well known to inherit his
father's partiality to the Episcopal form of church
government, which was the source of many of those
calamities which afterwards afflicted the kingdom, and
which at last proved fatal to himself and to his family.
William Laud, Bishop of London, and afterwards Arch-
bishop of Canterbury, a bigoted and intolerant prelate,
whose counsels had great influence with the King, hml
already gained many followers among the Scottish
clergy. Of that number were Thomas Sydeserf and
John Maxwell, afterwards Bishops, the one of Gal-
loway, and the other of Ross. These, with others of
their partisans, had pitched upon Mr. Robert Men-
teith, son to Alexander Menteith, a citizen, as a proper
person for supplying the vacant Divinity chair. After
taking his Master's degree in 1621, Menteith had gone
abroad, and obtained a Professorship of Philosophy at
Saumur, where he remained four years. He then
returned to his native country, with the character of
an accomplished scholar, and particularly noted for an

1 The Laws are still to be seen a Re^ r i>UT irl>n;jiii;_ r to the College
in the Town-Council Records of the they are in Latin.
above ilatt 1 , expressed in English. In

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 93

agreeable delivery in the pulpit ; but his doctrines by
many were regarded as erroneous, and strongly tainted
with Arminianism.

A party, however, was prevailed with to favour his
election, by means chiefly of Sydeserf, who had consi-
derable interest in the Council. But this measure was
violently opposed by Mr. William Struthers, supported
by Mr. Andrew Ramsay and Mr. Henry Kollock,
ministers of the City, with the Principal and Professors
of the College, whose advice the patrons, averse from
giving countenance to innovation in doctrine, thought
it most prudent to follow; and on the 24th of July,
notwithstanding the keen struggle made for Menteith,
they elected Mr. James Fairly, then Minister at
South Leith, to succeed Mr. Charteris as Professor
of Divinity.

Next day, Mr. Andrew Stevenson advanced the 1629.

The forty-
forty-first class to the usual degree, being thirty-eight J^ted

in number. On this occasion the Theses were dedi-
cated to Provost Aikenhead, and the other members of
the Town-Council, from which the Laws of the College
had received a new sanction.

After the usual vacation, the new session in October 1629.

October.

1629 commenced, when Mr. Stevenson took upon him
the charge of the new Bejan class ; and the other three
Regents proceeded in their order with the other three
Philosophy classes.

In February 1630, Mr. John Ray, who had been
Professor of Humanity in the College more than eight
years, and afterwards Rector of the High School up-
wards of twenty-three, having died in the sixty-third

94 HISTORY OF THE

year of his age, Mr. Thomas Crawford, Professor of
Humanity, was, on the 26th of the same month, ap-
pointed by the Town-Council to succeed him in the
Rectorship of the High School. Two competitors
appeared for the vacant Professorship, Mr. John
Armour, formerly mentioned, and Mr. Humphrey
Hood. They both declined the strict trial ad aper-
turam libri ; and an Ode of Horace was prescribed,
on which each of them was required to comment three-

leao. quarters of an hour. A majority of the judges declared
m f avour ^ ^ r - Armour. He was elected accordingly,
and was the eighth Professor of Humanity. 1

i63o. On the 29th of July, Mr. John Brown's class, being
Jeeondcliiss ^ e f or ty-second since the institution of the College,
were admitted to the usual degree, being thirty-one
in number. At the graduations the custom still pre-
vailed of arranging the candidates, and of bringing
them forward or circulating them according to their
respective merit. But on this occasion, Mr. Alexander
Hope, son of Sir Thomas Hope, his Majesty's Lord
Advocate, being dissatisfied with his place in the cir-
culation, as it was called, although, in the general
opinion, the rank he had obtained was quite equal to
his merit ; and others of the candidates having com-
plained of a similar grievance, the practice of thus
,i Hanging or circulating the Magistrand class was laid
aside for some time.

In the month of August, the Town-Council, being
informed that Dr. John Sharp, Professor of Divinity

1 Some years afterwards, Mr. Humphrey H.H.H! \\;is srltU-l :i minister in
Nithsdale.

iselected

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 95

in the College of Die in Dauphiny, was expelled from
France by the influence of Cardinal Richelieu, and had
come over to London, thought proper to invite him to
the Professorship of Divinity in the College of Edin-
burgh ; and in order to make way for this arrange-
ment, Mr. James Fairlv was called to exercise the 1630.

J m Nov. 17.

ministry along with Mr. Andrew Ramsay in the south-
west district of the city ; in consequence of which he
resigned his office in the University, and on the 17th
of November, Dr. John Sharp was elected to succeed Dl
him as Professor of Divinity. 1

On the 29th of December in the same year, Charles Donation.
Shearer of Dort, in Holland, probably related to the
former donor of the same name, delivered to the City
Treasurer 1000 marks, the interest to be paid annually
to himself during his life, and afterwards, in the same
way to his cousin John Shearer, at Cambusmiln in
Monteith, and then to remain as a donation for aug-
menting the salary of the Professor of Divinity.

In October 1630, after the vacation, the new Bejan 1630
class assembled under the care of Mr. John Brown, the session

XLIX.

other Professors proceeding in rotation with the other
classes, till the 23d of July 1631, when Mr. Robert 1631
Rankin brought the forty-third class to the usual de- it&$l

- third Class

gree, being forty-three in number.

During the vacation, Mr. William King, after hav-
ing been a Regent in the College twenty-three years,
accepted of a call to be minister at Cramond ; upon
which the Council, in consequence of a previous pro-
mise given to the Earl, of Airth and some others,

1 Dr. Sharp had a salary allowed him of 1200 marks, with a house.

On

nation of Mr.

96 HISTORY OF THE

Mr. Aiex- elected Mr. Alexander Hepburn, formerly mentioned,

ander Hep- J

to supply the vacant Professorship.

In the following October, at the opening of the

Philosophy.

fiftieth session, Mr. Kankin in course took the charge
of the new class, while the other Professors proceeded
in rotation with the other classes ; Mr. Alexander
Hepburn, the new Professor, having the charge of the
Magistrand, in place of Mr. William King, till the 21st
juf^i of July 1632, when the former graduated the forty-
Stirth cfass fourth class, which he had instructed during the pre-

graduated. .. . , . . , . -,

ceding session, being thirty-three in number.
Legacy by On the 1 8th of January this year, Thomas Charteris

John Byres,

G^i eai f delivered to the City Treasurer 300 marks, a donation
to the College by his father-in-law, John Byres of
Coats, late Dean of Guild of the City.
October. In October, after the annual vacation, Mr. Alex-

Session LI.

ander Hepburn took upon him the charge of the new
Bejan class, and the other Professors proceeded in their
order with the other classes.

leas. On 22d of June the forty-fifth class, under Mr.
Andrew Stevenson, was advanced to the Master's degree.

fifth Class O

The graduation was performed in the lower hall of the
College, as had been the case the preceding year, and
as continued to be the case till the year 1655. This
year the graduation was held at an earlier period than
usual, on account of the bustle occasioned by the King's
presence in the city, and the holding of the Parlia-
ment.

His Majesty had made a journey into Scotland in
oil 1 r to In* crowned at Edinburgh, and on the 15th of
June he entered the city, and \\;i> iv.--ivrd with sin-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 97

cere affection and loud acclamations by all ranks of
his subjects. The streets through which he proceeded
were decorated in the most pompous and splendid
manner. Ostentatious magnificence, rather than ele-
gance of taste, was consulted on this occasion, and the
Scots, preposterously enough, boasted that this ex-
hibition was nothing inferior in grandeur to the
entries of the mightiest princes in Christendom for
120 years before. All the pageantry and the speeches
delivered at this splendid procession, were devised or
composed by Mr. John Adamson, Principal of the
University, and the celebrated William Drummond
of Hawthornden, assisted by Mr. Thomas Crawford,
then head-master of the High School, and a committee
of citizens. The particulars of this splendid cere-
mony have been enumerated and recorded by different
authors. 1 Nor was the College of Edinburgh deficient
in loyalty and respect to his Majesty at this time. As
the effusions of their gratitude to the former King,
when he visited Scotland after an absence of fourteen
years, had been published in The Muses Welcome to
the High and Mighty Prince James, of which book
Principal Adamson had been the editor ; so there now
appeared a collection of poetical congratulations ad-
dressed to the less fortunate Charles when he came to be
crowned at Edinburgh, published under the direction
of the same learned person, and consisting of a great
variety of copies of verses by different authors, in

i Rushworth's Historical Collections, the present made, and the banquet

part ii. p. 181. Maitland's History of given on this occasion, cost the citi-

Edinburgh, p. 65. "The King's entry," zens the sum of 41,489, 7s. Scottish

>ays Maitland (p. 69), " together with money."

G

98 HISTORY OF THE

Greek, in Latin, and in English. 1 But the rejoicing
was not of long duration.

The King, by following too implicitly the advices of
Laud, which coincided with his own passionate fond-
ness for the complete establishment of Episcopacy in
Scotland, and for accomplishing which his father had,
not very auspiciously, begun, created a source of in-
finite calamity to the nation and to himself. In
addition to the five obnoxious articles proposed by
the late King, approved by the Perth Assembly in
1618, and ratified in Parliament in the year 1621, it
was now determined to have a body of canons and
a Liturgy introduced and obtruded upon the nation,
the great majority of whom, it was easy to perceive,
were entirely averse to that mode of conducting their
religious worship. In the Parliament, which was
dissolved on the 28th of June, evident symptoms of
partiality to the hierarchy had been displayed ; and
from that time the King looked with an unfavourable
aspect on those of his subjects who differed from him
in their sentiments on ecclesiastical government. 2 On
the other hand, the bishops and those who concurred
with them were received with the greatest favour.
But, while the Episcopal faction was elated, the great
majority of the nation were disgusted ; and to add to
tins discontent, many of the prelates, and those who
adhered to them, were imprudent enough to inculcate

[Under the following title : 4to, 56 leaves, including the English

" EI2OAIA MVBARVM EDINENBIUM poems hy David Primrose ami William

IN CAROLI Regis, Musarum Tutani, in- Douglas.]

gressu in Scotiam. Edinburgi excn- 3 Rush worth's Historical Col lections,

dehant Hrerede* Andrew Hart 1633," vol. ii. r>- 183.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 99

and disseminate Arminian doctrines. In this situation
of affairs the Universities, it may be supposed, and as
will presently appear, were not entirely exempted from
the animosities and divisions which agitated the rest
of the nation.

Meanwhile, the College having met after the vaca- 1633.

-it/r rs 111 October.

tion, Mr. Stevenson in rotation entered to the charge segm
of the new Bejan class, while the other Professors
conducted the other classes in the usual order.

In December, a, vacancy happened in the Professor- Mr . John
ship of Humanity, by the resignation of Mr. John

Armour, who had accepted of a Professorship of Philo-
sophy in the old College of St. Andrews. A com-
parative trial being announced, three competitors
appeared for the vacant office, Mr. James Adamson,
nephew to the Principal, Mr. Archibald Newton, son
to a citizen of Edinburgh, both of them masters in
the High School, and Mr. Alexander Gibson, son to
a writer. The subject of the trial was an ode of
Horace, the seventh of the first book, upon which
each of the candidates was required to speak nearly
an hour. The first made a very respectable appear-
ance ; but the contest ran betwixt the other two. Mr.
Newton was generally understood to be of superior
ability ; but as he was obnoxious to the Episcopal
party, whose influence had now become formidable, the
Judges, with an indecent partiality, declared in favour Dec .
of Mr. Alexander Gibson, who was accordingly elected
and admitted to the office on the 27th of December. 1 H?ty of

1 Mr. James Adamson afterwards was a minister in Ireland, and Mr. Newton
minister of Liberton.

27.

Mr. Alexan-

100 HISTORY OF THE

1634. On the 19th of next February, the City Treasurer
A donation, received from James Ellis a legacy of 1300 marks,

which had been bequeathed by his father and grand-
father for augmenting the provision for a Professor of
Divinity.

On the 26th of July, Mr. John Brown's class, being
forty-sixth, and consisting of thirty-nine students,
received the usual degree in the lower hall of the
College.

In October after the vacation, Mr. Brown corn-
menced a new course with a new Bejan class, while
the other Professors proceeded in the usual mode with

1635 . the other classes till the 25th of July, when the forty-
xhe forty- seventh class, under Mr. Robert Rankin, obtained the

1634.

seventh Class

Master's degree with the usual solemnity.

Ever since the first graduation, conducted by Mr.
,Robert Rollock in the year 1587, it had been the
subscrip- custom for the candidates to subscribe the short
Confession of Faith or Covenant, which had been
drawn up in the year 1581, and first subsciibed by
King James and his household, 1 and soon after by
persons of all ranks, and again by all sorts of per-
sons in the year 1590, and which afterwards made
the first part of the National Covenant 2 adopted in
the years 1638 and 1639 ; but the prelates and
ministers who adhered to them, after many former
fruitless attempts, succeeded this year in prevailing
with the Masters of the College, with the exception

1 See Collection of Confessions, pub- stead of " the National Covenant," has

Hshed by James Watson, 1722, vol. ii. the words, "the famous Solemn League

pp. 103, 120. and Covenant," which was only first

a [Professor Dalzel, in his MS., in- adopted in 1644. See p. 123.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 101

of Mr. Andrew Stevenson, who protested against the
measure, to discontinue their subscription, and to
cause the candidates to subscribe in place of it a short
Oath containing a renunciation of Popery. 1 Accord-
ingly this engagement still appears in the graduation-
book, at the head of the subscriptions by Mr. Kankin's
students graduated this year, and of those who were
graduated the two succeeding years. In the year
1604, the Principal and Professors, as well as the
graduates, had begun to subscribe also a solemn en-
gagement to remain affectionate and dutiful to the
University of Edinburgh where they had received their
education ; and from that date till the year 1639, a
double subscription appears regularly in the Gradua-
tion-Book, after which time the former of the two
was omitted.

In the beginning of April this year, the Town-
Council, from the sense they entertained of the merit
of Dr. John Sharp, Professor of Divinity, allowed him
300 marks, as an augmentation of his stipend, which
sum was paid annually till the year 1638.

On the 22d of the same month, the Council also April 22.

Mr. Kenneth

agreed to relieve the Principal of the labour of keeping j?Keeper d

the Library, and they elected Mr. Kenneth Logie, son ? L

to Mr. James Logie, Advocate, who was recommended

as a proper person for undertaking that charge. He

had been employed to assist the Principal in arranging

the books, and in making a catalogue of them, a copy

of which the Principal delivered to the Council on

1 [This and the other Oaths to which " A Catalogue of the Edinburgh Gra-
the author refers, will be found in the duates," etc. Edinb. 1858, 8vo.]
volume lately published, containing

October.
LIV.

102 HISTORY OF THE

the same day. An annual salary of 400 marks was
granted to the new Librarian, with certain fees and
perquisites incident to the office, and regulations were
drawn up respecting the times of the Librarian's
attendance, and the admission of students to the
use of the books, which still were kept in the
higher hall. 1

16S5 At the opening of the fifty-fourth session in October
1635, Mr. Kobert Kankin had the charge of the new
Bejan class, which being matriculated after it was
fully convened, according to the custom which now
prevailed, amounted to the number of fifty- nine
students.

In January 1636, a donation of 100 marks was
delivered by James Muir to the City Treasurer, as a
contribution towards the maintenance of bursars.

In April 1636, it was thought proper to augment
the Principal's salary to 2000 marks including his
house-rent, and to assist in completing that part of
the old College fabric encompassing a small lower
court, which formerly occupied the same ground where
the Anatomical Theatre and Museum now stand. Mr.
James Keith of Edmonston contributed 500 marks.

i A note about Porters : see Craw- to the Council, that the Porter should

ford's MSS. [The passage here referred be chosen such an one as had no avo-

to may be quoted : " From the first cation from his constant attendance,

times of the College, the Porter thereof especially a bookbinder, who might

was chosen, either out of the supreme employ himself at work within the

class, or out of those who were lately gate of the College, in a room fit for

graduated: These being always students the purpose : Hereupon, David Smith.

in Divinity, and aiming at the ministry, bookbinder, was elected Porter; who,

h;ul many avocations from their attend- dying this year, }<>'>'>, <>iif Hubert Bin-

ance : In consideration whereof, anno all succeeded to him; and In- <l\mi;

1628, Mr. John Sinclair demitting (who also in the vacant- It'.:',!*, one James

thereafter was minister at Pennycuik), Marshell lillod his ]>lace."]
Mr. John Adamson, Principal, moved

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 103

On the 23d of July, the graduation of the forty- 103,;.
eighth class, under the care of Mr. Alexander Hep- ^j[;; M
burn, twenty-four in number, was performed in the graduated
usual manner in the lower College hall.

The College being again met after the vacation, the October.

. -i-i-Tt/TTi Session LV.

new >ejan class, now conducted by Mr. Hepburn, was
found, at the matriculation, to consist of fifty-seven
students. Meanwhile, before the end of October,
Mr. Alexander Gibson, to the surprise of his friends, q n the re-
resigned the Professorship of Humanity, and ac-

cepted of an invitation to be master of the Grammar wS

C4 i i TT i appointed

School in the Canongate. Upon announcing the

vacancy, and inviting candidates by means of public
programs, to stand a comparative trial, Mr. James
Wiseman, master of the Grammar School at Lin-
lithgow, alone appeared ; and, being without a com-
petitor, he was required by the Judges to give a
discourse upon an ode of Horace, the twenty-eighth
of the first book, and was appointed to the office on
the llth of November.

On Monday, the 22d of July 1637, the forty-ninth
class, under the charge of Mr. Andrew Stevenson, The forty

ninth Clas

forty-five in number, were graduated in the common s raduated
hall of the college.

This was the day immediately after the famous
check given to the encroachments of Prelacy in Scot-
land. The new Service-Book, or Liturgy for the
Church of that kingdom, devised by the Scotish Pre-
lates, under the auspices of Archbishop Laud, was now
printed and ready to be introduced. The Book of
Common Prayer of the Church of England had fur-

1637
e forty 2 '

ninth Class

104 HISTORY OF THE

nished the model. A few deviations had been adopted,
but these seemed most imprudently calculated to
favour Popery and Arminianism ; and the minds of
the people became so much incensed that the intro-
duction of this new religious service was considered
by them as almost equivalent to the restoration of the
Mass. 1 By a royal mandate the Ministers of Edin-
burgh had been ordered to announce from the pulpit
on the preceding Sunday the intended commence-
ment of this new ritual. Mr. Andrew Ramsay alone
had the boldness to refuse, and Mr. Henry Rollock,
after some hesitation, followed his example. During
the intervening week a general alarm prevailed among
the people. Edinburgh which, at the Reformation, was
not a bishopric, had been by King Charles himself
erected into an episcopal see so late as the year 1633,
and the Collegiate Church of St. Giles was made the
cathedral. David Lindsay the Bishop, on the day
appointed, attended by James Hannay the Dean, and
Alexander Thomson, a minister, came into the middle
district or nave of the cathedral, where a great con-
gregation was assembled ; the eastern part or chancel
being yet under a state of repair for the altar and
other apparatus adapted to the Episcopal communion.
No sooner had the Dean begun the service than there
ensued a great tumult, the particulars of which liavr

1 The book was printed under the privilegio." in fol. There appears pre-

1'ollowing title : " The Booke of Com- fixed a royal proclamation for autlioii-

mon Prayer, and Administration of the zing the use of it throughout the realm

Sacraments. And other parts of Divine of Scotland. Oneof the copies U-lonir-

Service for the use of the Church of ing to the University of Edinliunjh lias

Scotland. Kdintuir^li, printed l>y Ro- the following Ms. inscription :

l>fit Young, Printer t" tin- King's most donattis sum Academic Kdinliurgena?

exn-llent Majestic. M.nr.xxxvu. Cum a Magisterii Cnndidatis. A.D. 1'

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 105

been recorded by various historians, and are well
known. The Magistrates interposed their authority,
and with difficulty excluded the most turbulent of
the people. The service proceeded, but with much
annoyance from without ; and, at the conclusion, the
Bishop and Dean, with much ado, escaped the fury of
the incensed multitude. In the Greyfriars Church
the Bishop of Argyle, who officiated there, experienced
a similar treatment. The afternoon service in different
churches, by the vigilance of the Magistrates, was
performed with much greater tranquillity. But a
universal bustle and trepidation prevailed throughout
the city. From this imprudent attempt on the part
of the King and the Bishops, proceeded those fatal
commotions which agitated the nation for many years.
The first effect of it was an association of ministers,
with many of the nobility, gentry, and most of the
burgesses and commons throughout the nation, for the
purpose of restoring the Presbyterian mode of worship
and church government, as it had been established
before the encroachments of the Episcopal hierarchy.
Many supplications were presented to the Privy-Coun-
cil, and also to the King himself, on the part of the
Presbyterians ; but the influence of the Bishops and
certain courtiers prevented those earnest solicitations
from having the desired effect. At length the reso-
lution was taken to renew the Covenant for religion.
This new Covenant which was agreed upon, consisted
of three parts : 1. The old Covenant, which had been
originally subscribed by the late King in 1581, and
which was formerly mentioned ; 2. An enumeration of

106 HISTORY OF THE

various Acts of Parliament in support of the Eeformed
religion ; 3. A conclusion applicable to the particular
occasion. It is astonishing with what earnestness per-
sons of all ranks entered into this solemn engage-
ment, and hastened to bind themselves to its observ-
ance by their oaths and subscriptions. Among those
who strenuously promoted it were the Professors of
the University of Edinburgh, with the exception of
only two of their number, Mr. Robert Rankin and
Mr. John Brown. 1

lea?. In October 1637, the classes had as usual assembled
session Lvi. after the vacation, when Mr. Andrew Stevenson under-
took the charge of the new Bejan class ; and at the
close of the session, Mr. John Brown's students, thirty-
two in number, being now in the fourth year of their
course, were prepared for receiving the Master's degree

less, on the 20th of July 1638. But though their theses
were distributed, it was thought proper to perform the

P m ;e- ceremon y o f graduation in a private manner, without
the usual disputation. Mr. Brown, as well as Mr.
Rankin, had by this time incurred the displeasure of
the Covenanters, who were now become very numerous,
and whose influence was sufficient for depriving them
of the countenance of the patrons and of the public.
These two obnoxious Regents, who persisted in their
refusal to take the Covenant, were arraigned 1 )!' iv

1 " Edinburgh continues constant. Forrester] in North Leith, all the Col-
Mr. Henry [Rollock] and Andrew lege, Principal, Dr. Sharp, Regents,
[ K;misay], yea, Mr. Robert Blair, and [and] all the scholars (except Mr. Robert
Mr. James Hamilton, and Mr. John Rankin and Mr. John Brown, with
I ,i\ ingstone preach there to the people's some few others with them), hav. >ul.-
heart. Mr. Matthew Weems in the scribed and |WOm* H Baillie'i priuti-d
. Mr. K<!;tir \<n: for David Letter*, vol. i. p. 47.

tive tnal for

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 107

the Town- Council on the 24th of August as persons of
whom the greatest part of the nation entertained a
most unfavourable opinion. 1 Upon their appearance,
in consequence of letters of summons, the Council, at
two different meetings, deliberated upon the case, and
resolved to take the advice of the Ministers before
they pronounced any sentence. On the 5th of Sep- Mr. John

**_' r Brown and

tember the whole Council, with most of the Ministers,
being assembled, they deprived the two delinquents of p(
their offices, alleging, as an extenuation of the violence
of this proceeding, that they had been originally elected
only during the pleasure of the patrons.

At another meeting on the 26th of September the

. .

Council appointed a day for holding a comparative * Profes -
trial of candidates for supplying the two vacant Pro-
fessorships, and they ordered programs of invitation
to be affixed on the gates of the Colleges of St. An-
drews and Glasgow. Aberdeen was omitted, probably i 63 8.
because the doctors of that City and University were sed"
among the few who had strenuously opposed the Cove-
nant. Four competitors appeared Mr. James Wise-
man, professor of Humanity, and three other Masters
of Arts, viz., Duncan Forrester, Patrick Colvill, and
Eobert Young, the first of whom had taken his degree
at St Andrews in 1634, the second at Edinburgh in
1629, and the third at Glasgow in 1638. Mr Andrew
Kamsay and Mr. Henry Rollock, ministers, and Mr.
Thomas Crawford, then Rector of the High School,
were appointed to assist the Principal and the remain-
ing Professors in conducting the trial. Each candi-

1 Town-Council Records of that date.

108 HISTORY OF THE

date was employed three-quarters of an hour in
handling a subject which had been presented to him
three days before, and each was required to defend a
thesis against three other competitors, who disputed
with him severally for half an hour. The Judges, at
the close of the examination, decided unanimously in
favour of Mr. Wiseman and Mr. Forrester. But, after
a conference held with the Town-Council, it was
thought expedient that one of the two vacant offices
should be supplied by a person of experience, and
less, therefore Mr. James Wright, who, after takinsr his

October 26. . *

wrig1ft mes degree at Edinburgh in the year 1627, had discharged

tweity-flfth, the duty of a Professor of Philosophy at St. Andrews

for four years with great applause, was pitched upon ;

and being elected in place of Mr. John Brown on the

26th of October, he undertook the charge of the new

leas. Beian class. Mr. Wiseman, in preference to Mr.

Nov. 10. J

ja?nS r wise- Forrester, was chosen in place of Mr. Kankin, on the
twe n nty e 8 ixti, 1 Oth of November, and entered, of course, to the charge

1'mf'rssor of

philosophy. O f t he Magistrand class.

Mr. Wiseman's election having vacated the Profes-
sorship of Humanity, the Town-Council on the 14th of
November chose their delegates to meet with those
from the College of Justice, to be present at a com-
parative trial previously announced for that day.
Two competitors appeared, Mr. Robert Fairly, who
had taken his degree in the year 1624, and had been
a successful teacher of Latin for many years, and Mr.
Robert Young formerly mentioned. The strict trial
a( ^ apwturam libri was adopted ; and Mr. Young,
,7v? f contrary to expectation, \v;is un;mimously preferred

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 109

by the Judges, and chosen to succeed Mr. Wiseman
as Professor of Humanity on the 16th of the same
month. 1

This year is famous for the General Assembly of the NOV. 21.
Church which met at Glasgow on the 21st of Novem-

ber. The King's authority for holding this celebrated go
convention was at last obtained, or rather extorted by
the intrepidity and perseverance of the Covenanters.
Mr. Alexander Henderson, then minister at Leuchars,
and one of the delegates from the Presbytery of St.
Andrews, was elected Moderator ; and Mr. Archibald
Johnston, Advocate, afterwards better known by the
appellation of Lord Warriston, was chosen Clerk.
Though the Marquis of Hamilton, the King's Com-
missioner, did everything in his power to control the
Assembly, in particular, to prevent all hostile proce-
dure against the Prelates, and to act in every respect
conformably to the instructions he had received from
the King, yet the reverend court, having found them-
selves lawfully constituted, proceeded in their own way,
without yielding in the least to the Commissioner ;
which exasperated him so much, that on the 28th of
November, the seventh day of their sitting, he dissolved
the Assembly in his Majesty's name, and issued a pro-
clamation the next day prohibiting them from all
further meeting under pain of treason. Nevertheless,
the members continued to sit until the 20th of
December, when they finished their business, the prin-
cipal part of which was the abolition of the High
Commission, the Articles of Perth, the Canons, the

1 Town-Council Records of that date.

110 HISTORY OF THE

Liturgy, and the whole fabric of Episcopacy, which
James and Charles for a course of years had taken so
much pains gradually to rear. Mr. John Adamson,
Principal of the University of Edinburgh, represented
that society in this Assembly. Though the Assembly
had invariably expressed the greatest respect for the
King, yet his Majesty was extremely displeased with
their proceedings, and had, even before their dissolu-
tion, formed the rash and ill-advised design of com-
mencing open hostilities against the Covenanters.
This was a fatal period, threatening the disturbance of
that uninterrupted tranquillity, at least that freedom
from war, which the nation had experienced for more
than half a century. In a cause such as that in
which they were engaged, the Covenanters persuaded
themselves that resistance was legal ; and they took the
most prudent measures for opposing the force which
was preparing against them. In the beginning of
May, a powerful fleet which the King had equipped,
entered the Firth of Forth, under the command of the
Marquis of Hamilton, while Charles in person advanced
with a numerous army towards the Border. The
country was alarmed. The inhabitants near the sea
assembled for the purpose of guarding the coasts
against the fleet, and an army took the field under
the command of General Leslie, to oppose the King's
forces on the Border.
i9. These commotions had accelerated the vacation <>!'

April 17.

SUSS^t^e College. And so early as the 17th of April, tin-
Magistrand class, under the charge of Mr. James Wise-
man, forty-two in number, were graduated in a private 1

October.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. Ill

manner in the upper College hall, without the usual
disputation, in presence only of the Town-Council,
Ministers of the city, and Masters of the College.

After the appearances of hostility that had been
exhibited by the King and the Covenanters, it was
thought prudent on both sides to come to an accom-
modation ; and a pacification having been accordingly
concluded, the King permitted another General As
sembly and a Parliament to meet at Edinburgh, the
former on the 6th, and the latter on the 20th of
August.

In the following October the College as usual as- 1639.
sembled, Mr. James Wiseman taking the charge of the
new Bejan class, Mr. James "Wright proceeding with
the Semi, Mr. Andrew Stevenson with the Bachelor,
and Mr. Alexander Hepburn with the Magistrand.

In December the revenue of the College was aug-

mented by a larger private donation than any that
had hitherto been received. Mr. Bartholomew Somer-
ville, the son of Peter Somerville, an opulent burgess
and bailie of Edinburgh, being without children, con-
veyed to the College, for the support of a Professor of
Divinity, the sum of 20,000 marks, and also 6000
marks to purchase for his accommodation an adjacent
house and garden which belonged to Sir James Skene.

About the same time David Mackall, late bailie, an d Mac-
bequeathed to the College 1200 marks for the main-
tenance of two bursars, and also a similar sum for the
increase of the Library.

On the 25th of the same month, Mr. Andrew 1639.

Dec 27

Stevenson, who had accepted of a call to be minister On the Re

donation

112 HISTORY OF THE

at Dunbar, resigned his Professorship ; and on the 27th,
Mr V DunSn ^ Tt Duncan Forrester, 1 who had been much approved
fiecd ter of by the judges in a former trial, was elected in his
pl ace > an d was tne twenty-seventh Professor of Philo-
sophy iu the University of Edinburgh.

Though hostilities were renewed in the succeeding
year on the part of the King against the Covenanters,
and the whole nation, particularly the City of Edin-
burgh, was again alarmed by the threatenings of war,
the Town-Council continued to display a laudable zeal
for the interest of their College. In a meeting held
1640. on the 8th of January, it was resolved that the office

January 8.

f Rector should be revived and continued annually,
and that the person invested with this dignity should
have the general inspection of the whole University,
and be assisted by six Assessors, selected from the
Council of the City, the Ministers, and the Masters of
the College.

It was, moreover, ordained that this academical
magistrate should preside in public meetings, and on
other solemn occasions, and be distinguished by hav-
ing a silver mace carried before him. 2 And, for ascer-
taining with greater precision than formerly the nature

1 [Crawford says, "He was son to pn-sont-d in tin- Collect- du-st, ami

David Forrester, an honest, pious mi- is thus drsrrilifd in a list of sunn-

nister at North Leitb," who is men- curiosities deposited there : " Toga

tioned in the foot-note to p. 106.] P. D. Alexandri Hendersoni Carolo r.

9 George Buchanan, a student, waA Regi in Sacris, et Academic <|u<>n<l.uii

elected to attend the Rector as bemile Rectoris. Kst panno Cilirino tcmti-

or macer, with an annual salary of 20 ore, collo vcn- quadrangular! forma.

pounds. Town-Council Records. The partilms a frontc r.-plii-atis assut...

Rector, too, was arrayed in a more mauirix aprrtis i-t promi^i-. ii>-|u<-

splendid robe than tliost- of tin- I'rin- lihulis scricis cjindatis ct ansnlis simi-

cipal and Professors. The gown which lilms exornatis. un<li'|nc \cro

Mr. Henderson wore as Rector is still vil!o> pr:. ;

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 113

and extent of his duty, the Town- Council, on this
occasion, enacted and authorized a set of regulations
and directions to be observed by the new Rector and
his successors in office.

These Eegulations are as follows :

" 1. Imprimo. The Rector shall wisely consider and carefully
observe what things may serve for the good education of the youth,
and for the flourishing estate of the College, whether in the rents
and buildings, or in ordering of the Masters, Professors, and Students.
He shall be the eye of the Council of the town for universal inspec-
tion, and as the mouth of the College for giving information and
delivering such overtures to the Council as himself and his assessors
shall find convenient.

" 2. Item. He shall be careful that neither the Principal, Pro-
fessors, nor Regents, nor any other member of the said College, be
deficient in their duty prescribed by the laws and statutes of the
College. He shall advise them, and if need be he shall admonish
them, but with that respect which is due to their places ; and in
case they amend not what he judges amiss, he shall, after the second
admonition, make the matter known to the Council of the town.

"3. Item. The Rector and his Assessors shall cognosce and
judge of all complaints and debates not proper for the civil nor
ecclesiastical jurisdiction, which shall happen to arise amongst any
of the prime masters of the College, or amongst the Principal, Pro-
fessors, or Regents, or any of them ; as also of such complaints and
debates, as may arise betwixt any of the students of philosophy, or
any of the students of divinity, or betwixt any of these and the
students of any other profession, or betwixt any of the students of
the professions amongst themselves ; he shall labour to compose them
justly and without scandal, but so that it shall be lawful for any of
the parties to appeal to the Town-Council.

" 4. Item. The Rector shall have in his custody the Matricular
of the College, containing the names of all the students of whatso-
ever profession, who at their entry shall swear and subscribe in his
presence, and in presence of the Principal and Regents of the class,
if he shall be a student of philosophy, and if he be a student of any
other profession, in presence of the Principal and Professor of the

H

114 HISTORY OF THE

said profession, and obedience to the laws and orders of the Col-
lege, with their fidelity and forwardness for advancing thereof,
all the days of their lives ; and immediately before they receive
the degree, shall appear in the common hall, swear and subscribe the
Confession of Faith, as it is prescribed by the late General Assembly
held at Edinburgh in the month of August 1C 39.

" 5. Item. The Rector shall have a written register of the names
of the benefactors, with the expression of their particular beneficence,
whether it be in lands, rents, sums of money, books, or any other
way of liberality, that there may be preserved that honourable com-
memoration of them that may be made at such solemn times as shall
be thought fit, and that others may be moved to follow their laudable
example.

" 6. Item. The Rector shall receive from the Council a tran-
sumpt of the whole rental and sums of money belonging to the said
College, subscribed with the hand of the common clerk, that he may
ripely advise how far it may extend and be employed for the weal of
the College, at the will of the Council.

" 7. Item. The Rector shall not only be present at the solemn
meetings of the College, but also shall be invited by the Preses to
begin and go before the rest in all the public disputes of philosophy
and divinity. Anent all and sundry which particulars, and every one
of them, contained in the articles above written, the said Provost,
Bailies, Council, and Deacons of crafts, Patrons of the said College,
grant and give, by these presents, to the Rector presently and
hereafter to be chosen, their full power and ample commission for
doing and exercising the haill particulars contained in the articles
above written, in manner therein set down, siclyke and as freely as
they might do themselves in all respects." 1

In pursuance of the Town-Council's resolution,
Mr. Aiex- Mr. Alexander Henderson, the well-known moderator

ander Hen-

ciwted of the famous General Assembly held at Glasgow, ;m<l
who, soon after that Assembly, had been translated
from the country parish of Leuchars to be minister of
the great church of Edinburgh, was elected Rector of

i Town-Council Records, v..l. \\. ].. 118.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 115

the University for the ensuing year. 1 George Suttie,

one of the bailies, James Cochran, dean of guild, Mr. T he Rector's

Andrew Eamsay and Mr. Henry Bollock, two of the

ministers, Mr. John Adamson, Principal of the College,

and Mr. Alexander Hepburn, one of the regents, were

chosen as his Assessors.

The College now consisted of the following members,
viz. :

Mr. Alexander Henderson, Rector of the University.

Mr. John Adamson, Principal.

Dr. John Sharp, Professor of Divinity.

Mr. James Wiseman,

Mr. James Wright,

Mr. Duncan Forrester, ProfeSSors of P1 ' ilos P h y-

Mr. Alexander Hepburn,

Mr. Robert Young, Professor of Humanity.

Mr. Kenneth Logic, Librarian.

Hitherto the revenues of the College had been under
the charge of the Treasurer for the City, but in conse-
quence of the considerable accessions lately made to
them, it was thought proper that the College funds
should be separated from those of the City, and that a
particular treasurer should be appointed to manage
them. Accordingly, John Jossie was, on the last day John Jossie
of January, elected College Treasurer, and a Committee

Treasurer.

1 Mr. Henderson was now plainly tent, where the King was present ; and
considered as the most eminent of the Lord Loudoun and he were the principal
Presbyterian Ministers, and was after- spokesmen in defence of the late trans-
wards employed in various important actions in Scotland. He bore a princi-
missions. He had already been ap- pal share in the debates of the Assem-
pointed one of the commissioners to bly held in August this year ; and at
treat with the English about a pacifi- the opening of the Parliament on the
cation with the King near the Border 31st of the same month he preached a
in June 1639. On the 9th of that sermon on the end, duty, and iitility of
month he was in the Earl of Arundel's Magistracy.

116 HISTORY OF THE

appointed to prepare a distinct statement of all that
had been destined for the support of the College. 1

The pacification agreed upon the preceding year
between the King and the Covenanters proved but of
short duration. Mutual jealousies had continued to
prevail, and the unfortunate and ill-advised monarch
recurred to his former expedient of drawing the sword
against his Scottish subjects. When intelligence was
brought of an army being raised in England to invade
Scotland, preparation was made for a vigorous resist-
ance. The bustle which the levies occasioned, and
particularly the siege of the Castle of Edinburgh by
General Leslie, interrupted the studies in the College,
and obliged the Professors to conclude the session so
i64o. early as the 3d of April, on which day the act of

Son^ciass graduating Mr. Alexander Hepburn's class, which con-
sisted of thirty-nine students, and composed the fifty-
second class since the institution of the College, was
performed in a private manner, as had been the case
the foregoing year.

Meanwhile the funds of the College continued to

Johnston's receive considerable additions. Robert Johnston, LL.D.,

legacy for

son of a citizen of Edinburgh, and who had lived many

1 This Committee in a few days "The vicarage of the Kirk of Living-
gave in to the Council a particular stum-.

detail of the College revenues, contain- "The teinds of Kirkiml, parsonage

ing, as recorded by Crawford in his and vicarage.

1 1 i-t..ry of the University : " 2d, Tlu-. lu-m-lit <>l thr public mort-

" 1st, The primitive patrimony of the cloths given by the City, anno Idt'.i."

College, consisting of the Archdeaconry [The remainder of the Committee'}*

of Lothian, being the vicarage and par- report is here omitted, as the particu-

Bonage of Currie. lars it contains will be found in the

"The ground-annuals belonging to list of the Mortifications made to tin-
tin- Prebendaries of the Kirk of Field, College from its origin to the, heginniii}.'
M.I i it-tiling short of 200 pounds year, of the year 1656, inserted in-Appnidix.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 117

years in London, among various legacies bestowed for
public uses in Scotland, bequeathed to the College of
Edinburgh, in which he had been educated, 1000 ster-
ling, to be consigned to the Town-Council for the pur-
pose of purchasing land to produce an annual revenue
of 1000 marks, for maintaining eight bursars, for which
yearly rent the Council afterwards, in October 1641,
gave infeftment on Bonnington Mills.

About the end of May, Alexander Wright, merchant, Wright's
bestowed on the College for augmenting the salaries
of the Professors, the sum of 10,000 marks; and on
the 24th of July, Mr. Alexander Henderson, Eector,
and Mr. Henry Eollock, one of the ministers of the
city, having borrowed from various well-disposed citi-
zens the sum of 21,777 pounds Scots, for the use of Donation of
the public, and having taken a public bond for the
money, they obtained the unanimous consent of the
creditors that the sum should be employed for the use
of the College, and they assigned the bond for that
purpose accordingly.

Immediately after this transaction, Mr. Henderson
set out for Aberdeen, to be present at the General
Assembly which met there on the 28th of the same
month, and sat about ten days, and all the while with-
out any Commissioner from the King. Principal
Adamson was member for the University of Edin-
burgh in that Assembly, as he had also been in the
two preceding. Mr. Henderson, on his return, was
appointed one of the chaplains to attend the army then
on its march towards England. Soon after he reached
the army he was sent back to Edinburgh, along with the

118 HISTORY OF THE

Earls of Kothes and London and Mr. Archibald Johnston,
to endeavour to provide canvas for tents, and a fresh
supply of money for the army a mission which proved
very successful. When the King's army was defeated
by that of the Scots at Newburn, near Newcastle, and
a treaty was held at Kippon, October 1, Mr. Henderson
was appointed one of the Commissioners on the part
of the Scots ; and when the treaty was transferred to
London, he went thither also, accompanied by three
other ministers, who went in the character of chaplains
to the three noblemen who were on the Commission-
Mr. Robert Blair, Mr. Robert Baillie, and Mr. George
Gillespie. On Sunday the 7th of November, Mr.
Henderson and Mr. Blair preached at Darlington.
They remained at London till June following, main-
tained all the time at the expense of the City of
London.

i<wo. Meanwhile the College having again assembled in

s ux" October after a long vacation, Mr. Alexander Hepburn

commenced the session with the new Bej an class, while

the other Professors proceeded with the other classes

in the usual order.

Mr. James Mr. James Wright, who had the charge of tin-
Bachelor class, having received a call to be minister at
Cockburnspath, resigned his Professorship on the 9th
of December. The patrons, considering that two new
Regents had been admitted in the course of the two
preceding years, were unwilling that a third without
experience should be elected within so short a time,
and therefore they agreed to invite Mr. Thomas Craw-
ford to -return from the office of Rector of the High

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 119

School to the College, where he had formerly held the
Professorship of Humanity.

He was a man much respected for his talents and Mr. Thomas

Crawford

learning. For his encouragement they first elected
him public Professor of the Mathematics, on the 30th of

matics, and

December, with an annual salary of 600 marks during ^^a*
life ; and on the 6th of January following, he was re- piScTo? "'
ceived as a Eegent of Philosophy in place of Mr. Wright
Wright, and proceeded with the charge of the Bachelor
class.

A legacy of 600 marks having been left by James
Dalgleish, citizen, 1 for the use of the public, the Coun-

cil appointed that sum, together with some arrears of
interest upon it, to go to the use of the College, for
defraying part of the new mathematical salary.

On the 29th of January, Mr. Kenneth Logie, keeper
of the Library, having accepted of a call to be minister
at Skirling, Mr. Andrew Munro, son of a burgess of
Edinburgh, was chosen to succeed him.

On the 15th of July, Mr. Duncan Forrester's class, iwi.

J . . July 15.

being the fifty-third, and twenty-eight in number, re- JJwcfci
ceived the usual degree, after a public examination gl
and disputation in the lower hall, held according to
the method originally practised in the College.

This was the very day on which the Parliament had
met, but they agreed to conclude on nothing, but only
to sit and prepare business till the arrival of the King.
The General Assembly of the Church met this year at
St. Andrews on the 20th of the same month, but by
general consent was transferred to Edinburgh, where

i [His legacy for the support of three bursars is noticed at p. 126.]

120 HISTORY OF THE

the second session was held on the 27th, when Mr.
Alexander Henderson, newly arrived from England,
was chosen Moderator, to whom Mr. Andrew Fairfoul,
who had been appointed one of the representatives for
the Presbytery of Edinburgh, had yielded his place in
the Assembly, being chosen to sit only in Mr. Hender-
son's absence. In this Assembly certain overtures
concerning Universities and Colleges were agreed to
be laid before the King and the Parliament. 1 The
King came to Holyroodhouse on the 14th of August,
and next day, being Sunday, he heard Mr. Henderson
preach from Eom. xi. 36 ; and during the remainder
of his stay in Scotland, he was very punctual in his
conformity with the Presbyterian form of worship.
In this Parliament the King at last granted everything
his Presbyterian subjects could wish. Among the
objects of Ms bounty, Mr. Henderson obtained a gift
of the emoluments of the Dean of the Chapel-Royal,
computed at 4000 marks per annum. On the 17th
of November the riding of the Parliament was solemnly
performed, and the King being seated on the throne,
Mr. Henderson prayed, and the business of this List
meeting being over, he concluded with a sermon.
Next morning the King set out for London, leaving
his Scottish subjects a most contented and happy
people.

Among the acts passed by this Parliament, the
Church revenues paid formerly to the Bishops were
ordered to be disposed of chiefly among the Univer-
sities. The College of Edinburgh obtained the rents

1 Sec Acts, 8vo, p. 98. See also Overt UK nuent Bursars, p. 101.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 121

of the bishoprick and deanery of Edinburgh and. of
Orkney, but they were found to be greatly impaired
by former gifts.

After the vacation of the College, Mr. Duncan For-
rester had, in rotation, returned to the charge of a LX.
new Bejan class, which, when matriculated on the
20th of December, amounted to the number of eighty-
three. Mr. Alexander Hepburn proceeded with the
Semi, Mr. James Wiseman with the Bachelor, and
Mr. Thomas Crawford with the Magistrand.

The Professor of Divinity had hitherto been accus-
tomed to communicate to his students some knowledge
of the Hebrew tongue, by giving them a lesson once
a week. But it being thought proper that more time
should be allotted to that study, and that it would be
for the advantage of the College to have a separate
Professor of Hebrew and other Oriental languages, the
Council gave an invitation to Julius Conradus Otto, 1642.

'

a foreigner, of whose skill in that department they

Jan. 26.

had heard a favourable report, to undertake the office. Si?o e

fessor of

Hebrew.

They proposed to take a year's trial of the effect of his
learning and labour, and to bestow upon him 1200
marks for his support during that time. He accepted
of the offer; and being appointed Professor of Hebrew
and Oriental languages on the 26th of January 1642, 1
his course of teaching for the ensuing session was
announced by a public program.

The College Treasurer on the 25th of February wier- s Dona-
received 1000 marks, being a donation of Mausie
Wier, widow of Kichard Dobie, late Dean of Guild.

1 Town-Council Records.

122 HISTORY OF THE

It was employed for the support of a bursar of
Divinity.

On the 15th of April, an act of Council was passed
for building a new apartment for the Library ; in
pursuance of which that part of the fabric which now
comprises the Museum and the Humanity class-room
was soon after erected.

iw2. In July 1642, Mr. Thomas Crawford brought the
ft.u e rth ft ciass fifty-fourth class, twenty-five in number, to the
public graduation in the lower hall of the College,
with the usual solemnity. The Theses printed on this
occasion are dedicated to the Earl of Loudon, Chan-
cellor ; and as Mr. Crawford, along with his Regency,
held also the office of public Professor of the Mathe-
matics, he added, at the conclusion, several positions,
under the title of " Theses Mathematicae."

Mr. Alexander Henderson still continued to be
Rector, and he with Principal Adamson were members
of the General Assembly which met this year, 1642,
at St. Andrews, on the 27th of July.

October. Upon the meeting of the College in October, after
i!xf n the usual vacation, Mr. Crawford, in his turn, under-
took the charge of the new Bejan class, the number
of which, by the Matricular of the College still pre-
served, appears to have amounted to one hundred, on
the 27th of January.

Donation*. In March, Bailie John Fleming, by advice of the
Rector and his Assessors, bestowed the sum of 4000
marks for repairing and augmenting the College build-
ings. At this time, too, a donation of 500 marks was
received, which had been granted in the year 1625

UNIVERSITY OP EDINBURGH. 123

by Sir Eobert Denniston of Holland 1 for maintaining
a bursar, after being liferented by Christian Gibson,
his widow.

This spring, 1643, Mr. Alexander Henderson, Eector,
was one of the deputies sent to the King at Oxford,
along with the Earl of Loudon, Warriston, and Mr.
Barclay, to request him to call his English Parliament,
as the best measure for obtaining peace. But the
deputation was attended with no success. Mr. Hen-
derson gave an account of their proceedings to the
Commission met March 10. 2

On the 24th of July, Mr. James Wiseman brought ms.
the fifty-fifth class, thirty in number, to the JJ^J^
Master's degree in the lower hall of the College. On ^ aduated -
this occasion, after an intermission of thirteen years,
the ancient mode of circling the candidates according
to their merit and proficiency, was revived, though
not without opposition. This arrangement was made
on the afternoon previous to the graduation in the
upper hall, in presence of a select number of the Town-
Council and Ministers, with the Rector and Masters
of the College.

The General Assembly met this year at Edinburgh
on the 2d of August. Sir Thomas Hope, King's
Advocate, was Commissioner, and Mr. Henderson,
Moderator. This Assembly was distinguished by a
reception given to Sir William Armyn, Sir Harry
Vane junior, Mr. Hatcher, and Mr. Parley, Commis-

1 [Sir Robert Dennistouu for thirty Greyfriars Churchyard is given in Mon-

years Conservator of the Scots Pri- teith's Theater of Mortality, 1704.]

vileges in the Netherlands. The in- 2 See Hume's History of England.

scription on his monument in the near the end of chap. Ivi.

124 HISTORY OF THE

sioners from the English Parliament, and Mr. Stephen
Marshall, a Presbyterian minister, and Mr. Philip
Nye, an Independent from the Assembly of Divines
at Westminster. With them the Assembly of this
Church agreed upon that mutual Engagement betwixt
the two Kingdoms, so well known by the appellation
of the Solemn League and Covenant, which the Con-
vention of Estates, met at the same time, sanctioned
with their approbation, and which was afterwards
approved of also by the English Parliament. This,
too, was the Assembly which appointed a deputation
of ministers and elders to meet with and to assist
the Assembly of Divines at Westminster in their
ecclesiastical proceedings. These deputies were Mr.
Alexander Henderson, Mr. Kobert Douglas, Mr. Samuel
Rutherford, Mr. Eobert Baillie, and Mr. George Gil-
lespie, Ministers, with John Earl of Cassillis, John
Lord Maitland, and Sir Archibald Johnston of War-
riston, ruling elders.

Soon after the rising of the Assembly, Lord Maitland,
Mr. Henderson, and Mr. Gillespie, with Mr. Hatcher
and Mr. Nye, set out for London to get the Solemn
League and Covenant ratified there, the other Com-
missioners remaining till it should be returned. 1
1643 About the middle of November all the Scots Com-
BeMkm' missioners reached London, and were introduced to

LXII. .

the Assembly at Westminster. 2

In October, the classes met as usual after the vaca-
tion, when the charge of the new Bejan class devolved
on Mr. Wiseman, the other classes proceeding in order

1 See Stevenson's History, p. 1093. 8 See Neall's Puritans, and Stevenson.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 125

under their respective Professors. Mr. Wiseman's
students at the matriculation amounted to about the
number of eighty.

On the 8th of July, the fifty-sixth class, educated 1644.
under Mr. Alexander Hepburn, twenty-nine in number,

Alexander

were graduated in a private manner in the upper

.

College hall, without any examination ; and in a few
days after, Mr. Hepburn resigned his office, and betook Jp?
himself to a retired life.

The supplying of the vacant office occasioned a
violent dispute for some time. Several members of
the Town-Council were disposed to favour the election
of Mr. Eobert Young, who had been Professor of
Humanity during, five years. But Sir John Smith,
Lord Provost, with the Bailies, several of the mini-
sters, and the Principal, with the rest of the Masters of
the College, wishing in the present state of the Uni-
versity to introduce a person of experience, and the
Town-Council, who are patrons of the Church of Dum-
barney, having agreed to present Mr. Young, who was
esteemed an eloquent preacher, to that charge, the vacant
Professorship of Philosophy was unanimously offered
to Mr. William Tweedie, who had taken his degree at Tw

Edinburgh in 1639, and had been a Professor of Philo- twenty-

eighth Pro

sophy in the old College of St. Andrews with great
reputation for four years. He accepted of the offer,
and being elected to succeed Mr. Alexander Hepburn
on the 16th of October 1644, 1 he entered to the
charge of the new Bejan class, and matriculated
eighty-two students on the 18th of* December, this

1 Town-Council Records, vol. xvi.

Professor-

126 HISTORY OF THE

session being the commencement of the sixty-third session

I X 1 1 1

since the institution of the College. The other three
Philosophy Kegents proceeded with the other classes
in their order.

Mr. Robert Mr. Eobert Young having resigned the Professor-
ship of Humanity the same day, candidates for the

*

vacant office were invited by means of public pro-
grams. The three following competitors appeared :
Mr. James Pillans, son of a citizen of Edinburgh, Mr.
David Kennedy, son of a writer, and Mr. William
Crawford, of the family of Fetherhead, in Buchan.
The strict method of examination ad aperturam libri
in Latin and Greek authors was adopted, and the
Nov 8 judges having decided in favour of Mr. Pillans, Prin-
pmanT es cipal Adamson appeared in the Town-Council on the

8th of November, and declared him to be the candi-

date duly elected. The Council admitted the election

only during pleasure. 1

Dai icish-s ^^ s y ear ' J ames Dalgleisli, formerly mentioned,
Kirs. bequeathed to the College 4000 marks for the main-

tenance of three bursars.

In December, Margaret Richardson, widow of Mr.

Margaret

John Galloway, paid into the hands of the College
Treasurer 500 pounds for the benefit of the College.

^^ William Struthers, minister of Edinburgh, had,
onation. b e f ore j^ death m 1633> bestowed a donation of 6000
marks to be divided equally betwixt the Colleges of
Glasgow and Edinburgh, for maintaining two students

'Town-Council Records, vol. xvi. William Crawford minister of .

[ M i . David Kennedy afterwards became in the Meree. Crawford's History of
minister of Birsay in Orkney, and Mr. the University of Edinburgh, p. 149.1

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 127

of Divinity in each, reserving the liferent to his wife
Elizabeth Robertson, who died in 1641 ; but his will
and other documents respecting this gift, came not
into the hands of the College Treasurer till this year,
1644.

This year James Barnes, merchant, was elected
College Treasurer in place of John Jossie, now pre-
ferred to be Treasurer for the City. Jossie had acted
in the former capacity for upwards of four years and
a half, during which time his services were of the ut-
most advantage to the College. His great diligence,
activity, and zeal, were encouraged and supported by
the Town-Council, and by the ministers of the City,
particularly Mr. Alexander Henderson, who still con-
tinued to hold the office of Rector. This eminent
man, who was distinguished for his own literary attain-
ments, was zealous in promoting the cause of learning ;
and though the important services which he was called
to perform both for the Church and State, in those
perilous times in which he lived, particularly during
his various missions to England, demanded a great
share of his attention, yet he omitted no opportunity
of consulting the interest and the credit of the Semi-
nary in which he bore so high a rank. At this time
he was attending the Assembly of Divines at West-
minster, as one of the Commissioners from the General
Assembly of the Church of Scotland. It was chiefly
through his influence and persuasion that the revenue
of the College and its fabric received so many additions
about this time. The sums which were contributed for
the increase of the buildings, John Jossie had the merit

128 HISTORY OF THE

of seeing faithfully applied to the purpose ; and when
the money was all expended, that respectable citizen,
who well deserves to be commemorated among the bene-
factors of the College of Edinburgh, made very consider-
able additions to the work at his own private expense.
He built, in particular, the chamber over the old
College gate which fronted the lane leading to the
Cowgate, called the College Wynd ; and his example
was followed, first by John Trotter and Robert Ellis,
two of his fellow-citizens, and by Robert Fleming and
Lawrence Henderson, two of the bailies, aided by
George Suttie, Dean of Guild. William Thomson
also, the Town-Clerk, and James Murray, added each
of them a chamber, all of which additions were situ-
ated where the Anatomical Theatre and Museum
now stand. Those which composed the old corner,
near the top of the lane called the Horse Wynd, were
erected out of a legacy bequeathed by Dr. Robert
Johnston, a munificent donor, formerly mentioned,
and which had been procured by Mr. Jossie's means.
But the most important part of the buildings which he
promoted and superintended was the new apartment
for the Library, 1 consisting of an arched sunk storey and
a principal floor, with a leaden roof, in a direction from
west to east, immediately within the line of the pre-
sent new building, beginning near the centre lobby

i This room, in length about feet, part of the \\.-t end allotted for the
and in breadth about , after bring Humanity Class. The two rooms abore,
I'nM the Library, and then a printing composing tin- Natural Philosophy
oflirr, ig now (until one grander and Class, and the additional Library, were
mrr commodious be erected on the reared not many years ago, ;m.l tin-
south front of the new building) the old leaden roof th.-n disposed of.
Museum for Natural History, with a

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 129

of the great quadrangle on the north, and extending
along so far as the eastern wall of the intended
new Chemical Laboratory. This was commenced in
the year 1642, in consequence of a legacy of 4000
marks bequeathed by Bailie John Fleming, and a
donation put into the hands of Mr. Robert Douglas,
one of the ministers of Edinburgh, by a pious matron,
Margaret Shoner, Lady Forret, for some public work,
and by him employed for this purpose.

But the progress of the buildings was now inter-
rupted, not only by the great expense incurred, but by
the disasters which befell the kingdom. The Earl of
Montrose, who at first had warmly supported the
Covenant, was afterwards gained by the King's caresses
to espouse the royal cause. In the preceding year he
went to the court at Oxford, after the Scots army had
entered England, in order to assist the Parliament of
that kingdom ; and he secretly obtained from the King
a commission to be Captain-General of Scotland.
Upon making his appearance in the neighbourhood of
the Western Isles, he was joined by the M 'Donalds,
and by some desperate Irishmen who were assembled
there. After this, the progress of Montrose and his
victories over the Covenanters, are well known. On
the 1st of September, at Tippermuir, near Perth, he
defeated a body of troops from Fife with those of Exploits of

Montrose.

Strathearn, assembled in a tumultuary manner, under
the command of the Earl of Wemyss. Soon after he
was equally successful Dear Aberdeen, exercising
hostilities wherever he went against all who stood for
the League and Covenant,

i

130 HISTORY OF THE

In addition to these distresses, the plague had be-
gun to make its appearance in the City of Edinburgh
in the month of October. But as the infection at first
spread slowly, the meeting of the College, after the
vacation, had not thereby been prevented.
1645. The General Assembly, which met this year in the
month of January, without a Commissioner, amidst
the urgency of their affairs were not inattentive to the
advancement of learning, but on the 7th of February
passed into an act some Overtures on that subject.

" OVERTURES FOR ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING, AND GOOD ORDER
IN GRAMMAR SCHOOLS AND COLLEDGES.

" I. That every Grammar School be visited twice in the year by
Visitors, to bee appointed by the Presbytery and Kirk-Session in
Landward Parishes, and by the Town-Council in Burghs, with their
Ministers ; and where Universities are, by the Universities, with
consent always of the patrons of the School, that both the fidelity
and diligence of the Masters, and the proficiency of the Scholars in
Pietie and Learning may appear, and deficiency censured accordingly ;
And that the Visitors see that the Masters be not distracted by
any other employments, which may divert them from their diligent
'attendance.

" II. That for the remedy of the great decay of Poesie, and of
ability to make verse, and in respect of the common ignorance of
Prosody, no School Master be admitted to teach a Grammar School,
in Burghs or other considerable Parishes, but such as, after exami-
nation, shall be found skilful in the Latin tongue, not only for prose,
but also for verse : And that, after other trials to be made by the
Ministers, and others depute by the Session, town, and parish for
this effect, that he be also approveu by the Presbytery.

" III. That neither the Greek Language, nor Logic, nor any part
of Philosophy be taught in any Grammar School, or private place
within this Kingdom to young Scholars, who thereafter are to enter
to any College, unices it be for a preparation to their entry tlinv :
And notwithstanding of any progress, any may pretend to have made

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 131

privately in these studies ; yet in the College he shall not enter to
any higher class, than that wherein the Greek language is taught,
and, being entered, shall proceed orderly through the rest of the
Classes, until he finish the ordinary course of four years : Unless, after
due trial and examination, he be found equal in learning to the best,
or most part of that class to which he desires to ascend, by over-
leaping a mid-class, or to the best, or most part of those who are to
be graduat, if he supplicate to obtain any degree before the ordi-
nary time. And also, That there be found other pregnant reasons to
move the Faculty of Arts to condescend thereto \ and otherwise,
that he be not admitted to the Degree of Master of Arts.

" IIII. That none be admitted to enter a Student of the Greek
tongue in any College, unless, after trial, he be found able to make
a congruous theme in Latin ; or at least, being admonished of his
error, can readily shew how to correct the same.

" V. That none be promoved from an inferior Class of the ordinary
course to a superior, unless he be found worthy, and to have suffi-
ciently profited : otherwise, that he be ordained not to ascend with
his con-disciples, and, if he be a bursar, that he lose his burse. And,
namely, it is to be required, That those who are taught in Aristotle,
be found well instructed in his Text, and be able to repeat in Greek,
and understand his whole definitions, divisions, and principal pre-
cepts, so far as they have proceeded.

" VI. Because it is a disgrace to Learning, and hindrance to trades
and other callings, and an abuse hurtful to the Public, that such as
are ignorant and unworthy, be honoured with a Degree or public
testimony of learning ; That, therefore, such trial be taken of
students, specially of Magistrands, that those who are found un-
worthy, be not admitted to the Degree and honour of Masters.

"VII. That none who have entered to one College for trial or study,
be admitted to another College without the testimonial of the Masters
of that College wherein he entered first, both concerning his literature
and dutiful behaviour, so long as he remained there : at least, until the
Masters of that College from whence he cometh, be timely advertised,
that they may declare if they have anything lawfully to be objected
in the contrary. And that none be admitted, promoved, or receive
Degree in any College, who was rejected in another College for his
unfitness and un worthiness, or any other cause repugnant to good
order ; who leaves the College where he was for eschewing of cen-

132 HISTORY OF THE

sure, or chastising for any fault committed by him ; or who leaves the
College because he was chastised, or for any other grudge or unjust
quarrel against his Masters.

" VIII. That none of those who may be lawfully received in one
College, after he was in another, be admitted to any other class, but
to that wherein he was, or should have been, in the College from
whence he came, except upon reasons mentioned in the third article
preceding.

" IX. That, at the time of every General Assembly, the Com-
missioners directed thereto, from all the Universities of this Kingdom,
meet and consult together, for the establishment and advancement
of piety, learning, and good order in the Schools and Universities,
and be careful that a correspondence be kept among the Universities,
and, so far as is possible, an Uniformity in doctrine and good order.

" The General Assembly, after serious consideration of the Over-
tures and Articles above written, Approves the same, and Ordains
them to be observed, and to have the strength of an Act and
Ordinance of Assembly in all time coming.'' l

1W5. In February 1645, a legacy of 1250 pounds be-

Legary. queathed by the late Bailie Andrew Ainslie, for aug-

menting the stipend of the Professor of Divinity, was

delivered by his widow Marion Wilkie to James

Barnes the College Treasurer.

Ai.ni 15. The violence of the plague increased in the spring
suc ^ a Degree as obliged the College to terminate

the session much earlier than usual. On the 15th
of April the fifty-seventh class, under Mr. Duncan
Forrester, obtained the Master's degree, after a solemn
disputation in the great hall. On this occasion there
were sixty-six graduates, the greatest number hitherto
known in any of the Colleges of Scotland.
p.,rtr H.,,,.1 During the summer the plague was fatal to two
worthy citizens, William Porter, merchant, and

1 Printed Acts of the General Assembly.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 133

Thomas Dods, plumber, both of whom had bequeathed
to the College 100 marks for continuing the building.
The College Treasurer received the legacy of the for-
mer the ensuing year, and that of the latter in the end
of the year 1647.

Montrose, now a Marquis, continued to be success-
ful in the North, having defeated the Parliament's
forces at Inverlochie, Auldearn, and Alford ; and hav-
ing afterwards joined with the Gordons, he obtained
that remarkable victory at Kilsyth, on the 15th of
August, which seemed to demolish all that the Cove-
nanters had done for eight years, and to give a new
turn to the King's affairs in both kingdoms. 1 But his
triumph was of short duration. Lieutenant-General
David Leslie, then in England, was invited into Scot-
land by the Committee of Estates, and having, with
the utmost despatch, united a body of Scots cavalry
under his command with the few forces in Scotland
who were ready to support him, he surprised Montrose
at Philiphaugh, in the Forrest, on the 13th of Sep-
tember, routed him after a gallant resistance, and
forced him to fly with precipitation to the mountains.

In October, the usual time for assembling the
College, the violence of the plague had greatly abated ;
but the Professors did not meet till the beginning of
November, and as it was not thought advisable even i45.

Nov. 19.

then to convene the students in Edinburgh, it was
determined in the Town-Council, on the 19th of that
month, that the College for that winter should retire Plague
to the town of Linlithgow.

1 See Hume's History of England, chap. Iviii.

of the

134 HISTORY OF THE

Notice of this resolution being publicly intimated,
the Principal and five Regents met there in the be-
i45. ginning of December ; and five aisles in the great
Church being fitted up, under the inspection of the
College Treasurer, for the reception of the Humanity
and four Philosophy classes, a considerable number
of students immediately resorted thither. The Magis-
trates and citizens of Linlithgow treated them with
great kindness and hospitality ; and the students pro-
secuted their studies in that place for some months
without fear from the plague, and unmolested by the
hostilities which still divided the nation ; Mr. Duncan
Forrester having the charge of the Bejan class, Mr.
William Tweedie the Semi, Mr. James Wiseman the
Bachelor, and Mr. Thomas Crawford the Magistrand,
Mr. James Pillans being Professor of Humanity.
i<M6. After repeated deliberation by the Town-Council,
nium^from *ke College was at length permitted, about the end
of April, to return to Edinburgh, where the students
resumed their studies in the usual manner to the end
of the session.

Meanwhile, Mr. Andrew Monro, keeper of the Lib-
rary, being infected by the plague, retired to Perth,
where he died of that malady. In the absence of the
College and of the Rector, who was still in London,
attending the Assembly of Divines at Westminster, a
difference arose in the Town-Council about the nomi-
nation of a new Librarian. Mr. Thomas Speir, son of
a respectable burgess of Edinburgh, was thought by
many to have a good claim ii|nn that office, lie had
taken the Master's degree at the preceding graduation.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 135

was grandson to William Little, late Lord Provost of
the city, and grand-nephew to Mr. Clement Little,
Commissary of Edinburgh, who had given the first
beginning to the Library. On the other hand, George
Suttie, Dean of Guild, with all his interest, supported
his nephew, Mr. Andrew Suttie, a promising young
man, born at Forfar, and who had taken his degree in
the old College of St. Andrews, also in the year 1644.
To avoid all further contest the friends of the candi- Mr.
dates, on the 3d of April, 1 compromised the matter, by

allowing them to hold the office in conjunction, with

. . place of Mr.

an annual salary of 300 marks each, in lieu of 400 ^^ de
which had been enjoyed by their predecessor. But ce
this joint appointment was soon terminated by the
lamented death of Mr. Speir, which left Mr. Andrew Mr. Andrew

Suttie sole

Suttie sole Librarian, with the former pension of 400 Librarian.
marks.

On the 1st of May, the Town-Council resolved that iwe.

J f Mayl.

the new room for the Library should be completed JJ^JJJ^
without delay ; and on the 26th of June a bond was co
granted by Helen Syme, widow of David Graham,
merchant, for 7000 marks, which her late husband g r ^ a r m ' s
had bequeathed for the use of the College by advice
of Mr. Alexander Henderson, the Kector, and Mr.
Robert Douglas, another minister of the City ; which
sum was paid to the College Treasurer on the 17th of
November the ensuing year. About this time also a
considerable donation was bestowed on the College by Buchanan's

* donation.

Sir John Buchanan of Buchanan.

On the 30th of July, the fifty-eighth class, educated

1 Town-Ccnmcil Records of that dale.

136 HISTORY OF THE

ju?8o unc ^ er Mr. Thomas Crawford, forty-six in number, after
dghtfenss public trial and solemn disputation, were graduated in
the lower hall of the College. The printed Theses
on this occasion are dedicated to Sir John Smith,
Lord Provost, and the other members of the Town-
Council.

The General Assembly, which had met this year on
the 3d of June, received a letter from the King, with
an excuse for not sending a Commissioner ; at the
same time, he assured them of his resolution to main-
tain religion in Scotland as there established, and
recommended himself and the distracted state of his
kingdoms to their prayers. To this letter the Assem-
bly, on the 18th of June, prepared a short answer ;
and ordered Mr. Kobert Blair, their Moderator, with
Mr. Alexander Henderson (who had already been sent
down from London to the King), and several other
ministers, to wait on his Majesty with this answer,
and to present their desires more explicitly than could
at that time be expressed in a letter. The King being
then with the Scots army at Newcastle, Mr. Henderson
was already there, and engaged with his Majesty in
that famous controversy respecting Episcopacy and
Presbytery, maintained between them by an alternate
exchange of papers, which, as they have been fre-
quently printed, are still extant. The King's first
paper is dnted the LMitli of AInv. ,-nnl the hist, the :'.<!
and the 16th of July. On this ore.-ision the abilities
of Charles appear in a very respectable point of view,
and the favourers of Prelacy did not fail to boast tli.ii
his Majesty had evidently gained the superiority over

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 137

his antagonist. On the other hand, the Presbyterians
contended that as their champion drew all his argu-
ments from Holy Writ, while the King's authorities
were taken from the Fathers, who were fallible men,
and in many instances grossly erroneous, any victory
gained by the King over the arguments of his Pres-
byterian chaplain must have been a triumph over the
Word of God. The truth is, that Mr. Henderson's
constitution was by this time greatly enfeebled, inso-
much that he was under the necessity of leaving
unfinished his answer to the King's last paper, and of
returning to his native country, where he died on the
19th of August 1646, in the sixty-third year of his

TT i n

age. He was by far the most eminent of all the
Scots Presbyterian Ministers who flourished during
the troublesome period in which he lived ; and their
cause suffered an irreparable loss by his death. 1 He
had borne the office of Eector of the University of
Edinburgh with great lustre about six years, and he
never omitted any opportunity of consulting the in-
terest and prosperity of that Society. He was a great
benefactor also of the University of St. Andrews, where
he had received his education. 2

The patrons seem to have had in view the estab-
lishment of a public table within the College, for the
Professors and such of the students as might choose

1 See Baillie's Letters, vol. ii. p. 327. Clarendon ; Burnet ; Advocates Lib-

2 See inscription for his monument, rary Catalogue, Art. Henderson. [For
Maitland's History of Edinburgh, p. the inscription see Monteith's Thea-
194 ; Acts of Assembly, August 7, ter of Mortality, 1704 ; Bower (Hist.
1648 ; Papers which passed betwixt the Univ. vol. i. p. 194) observes, that the
King and him at Newcastle, in King copy as given by Maitland is incorrect
Charles the First's Works ; Whitlocke ; in several places.]

Henderson

138 HISTORY OF THE

to avail themselves of an economical institution of
that kind. But as this had not yet taken place, and
indeed being a plan which never seems to have been
adopted, the Town Council, in the meantime, on the
llth of September this year, resolved to allow each
of the Kegents one hundred pounds, as an addition to
his subsistence.

1646. On the 30th of the same month, Patrick Adam was
Patrick chosen Janitor of the College, in place of James

Adam chosen

Marshall, lately deceased.

October. The College having met in October, Mr. Thomas
LXV. Crawford had the charge of the new Bejan class,
amounting at the matriculation to eighty-six students,
while Mr. Duncan Forrester proceeded with the Semi,
Mr. William Tweedie with the Bachelor, and Mr. James
Wiseman with the Magistrand classes.

The Town -Council having resolved to continue the
office of Rector, which had been held with great ad-
vantage to the College by the late Mr. Henderson,
Nov 4 did, on the 4th of November, elect in his place, for
RUBMJ k the ensuing year, Mr. Andrew Ramsay, oldest minister

elected Rec- 6 J J

ear. ^ tne ^f > tn6 samc wno bad enjoyed the dignity of
Rector originally, in conjunction with the Professor-
ship of Divinity, from the year 1620 to the year 1626,
when he resigned both offices, upon being appointed to
the sole charge of one of the four parishes, into which
the City of Edinburgh, from being all in one, was then
newly divided. He had acted a distinguished ]art
among the Covenanters, and in particular, had been
twice Moderator of the General Assembly. As Rector,
he had the same number of Assess, .is with his inline-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 139

diate predecessor, and a copy of the same instructions
was delivered to him.

A meeting was held within the College on the 12th
of April 1647, consisting of two of the Bailies, the
Dean of Guild, Treasurer, four merchant Councillors,
three Deacons, Mr. Andrew Ramsay, Eector, Mr.
Robert Douglas, Mr. William Colvill, Mr. Robert
Laurie, ministers, Mr. John Adamson, Primar, Dr.
John Sharp, Professor of Divinity, and Mr. George
Jollie, College Treasurer, when certain salutary regula-
tions for the conduct of the students were enacted.

On the 22d of July, after solemn trial and dis- 1647.

July 22.

putation, in the usual manner, in the public hall J

of the College, the fifty-ninth class, being in number ^
thirty, educated under Mr. Wiseman, received the
degree of M.A.

Among the overtures for the advancement of learn-
ing, approved, and enacted by the General Assembly,
1645, 1 it was ordained, that, in the time of every
General Assembly, the Commissioners delegated thither
from the Universities, should meet and consult for
the establishment and advancement of piety, learning,
and good order in the Schools and Universities, and
be careful that a correspondence be kept among the
Universities ; and, so far as is possible, a uniformity in
doctrine and good order. Several overtures also were
approved of, and ordained by the same Assembly to be
observed for the future, respecting Divinity bursars to
be maintained at the Universities by the different Pres-
byteries. The General Assembly, 1646, recommended

1 Acts, etc. Session xiv. February 7.

140 HISTORY OF THE

to all the Universities to propose the best overtures for
the most successful method of teaching Grammar and
Philosophy, to be laid before the ensuing Assembly ;
and for keeping the Universities pure, and exciting the
Professors of Divinity to greater diligence, they are
desired to present to the ensuing Assembly their dic-
tates of Divinity ; but that part of the overture requir-
ing each Professor in the Universities to bring with
him, or send to the General Assembly, a perfect and
fair copy of his dictates, to be revised by the Assembly
or their Committee, is ordered to remain under con-
sideration till the ensuing Assembly.

In the Assembly, 1647, where Mr. Eobert Douglas
was Moderator, that famous Confession of Faith com-
posed by the Assembly of Divines at Westminster,
with the assistance of Commissioners from the Church
of Scotland, received the approbation of the Assembly.
It had been previously laid before the Commission of
the preceding Assembly, and copies transmitted by
them to the several Presbyteries of the Church for
their consideration. Mr. Robert Baillie, Professor of
Divinity, and afterwards Principal of Glasgow College,
one of the Commissioners, had been allowed to come
from London to attend the Commission and the
General Assembly. He brought along with him the
Confession of Faith, delivered it to the Commission,
and now also laid it before the (Inn-nil Assembly.
On this occasion, that modest, learned, and accom-
plished man made a short and veiy appropriate speech.
in which he reported the progress <t tin- Westminster
Assembly in the great \\<>ik <f ,i plan of uniformity of

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 141

religion in the three kingdoms, and concluded with a
pathetic encomium on his excellent colleague, Mr.
Alexander Henderson, lately dead. This system is
still the principal standard of the Church of Scotland
next to the Holy Scriptures ; and being since ratified
in the Articles of Union between the two kingdoms,
must maintain its authority as long as the Presbyterian
Church Government established by law remains in
Scotland. No person can legally hold an office in any
of the Universities who, when judicially required, re-
fuses to subscribe this Confession. The Larger and
Shorter Catechisms were not produced, nor approved,
till the next Assembly.

In consequence of the enactment of the General IM.
Assembly, 1645, Commissioners from the different "'

J '

Universities met at Edinburgh on the 28th of August,
and continued their meetings on the 30th and 31st of
the same month. Having entered upon the consider
ation of several circumstances relative to the internal
discipline and methods of instruction in their respec-
tive societies, and made several remarks and proposals
on these subjects, they ordered their Clerk to com-
municate a copy of the account of their proceedings
to each University, and adjourned their meetings till
another year.

The following is a copy of the Minutes of the pro-
ceedings of the Commissioners :

" August 28, 1647.

" Convened in the Lower Council-House these Commissioners
from the Universities as follows : Masters Andrew Ramsay, John
Adamson, John Strang, Alexander Colvill, Robert Blair, Robert

from all the

142 HISTORY OF THE

Baillie, William Douglas, to consult about the affairs of the Univer-
sities.

" 1. Mr. Andrew Ramsay is chosen Moderator, and Mr. William
Douglas, Clerk.

" 2. It is agreed that there should be a register of the conclu-
sions of our meetings, whereof there shall be four copies, one for each
University.

" 3. That our conclusions be communicated to every University,
to the end that their Commissioners may come instructed to the next
meeting, with power to ratify them in name of their University.

" 4. We did find that the Acts of the Assembly 1645, anent the
advancement of learning and students of Divinity, were generally
neglected ; for remedy whereof, we opponed that the General
Assembly should recommend the visitation of schools, and the send-
ing forth of bursars of Divinity from the several Presbyteries ; and
to appoint an account to be craved of the visitors of the Provincial
books, anent the observation of these acts in time to come.

" 5. Also, because a great part of the neglect doth lie upon the
Universities themselves, we do think meet that the Commissioners,
in name of the meeting, do entreat every one their own University
to be more careful in the observance of these acts in time coming.

" 6. We find it necessary that the Assembly be entreated to
recommend to their Commissioners, who shall attend the next
Parliament, to petition the Parliament's ratification of those acts for
bursars of Divinity.

"7. It was thought expedient, after the Parliament's ratification,
to urge, if ministers might be moved to entertain at their own charges
some bursars of Divinity, if it were only by contributing one mark
of the hundred of their stipends yearly.

" 8. It was found expedient to communicate to the General
Assembly no more of our University affairs but such as concerned
religion, or that had some evident ecclesiastic relation.

" 9. Our next meeting to be on Monday morning in this same
place."

" Convened in the Lower Council-House of Edinburgh, Masters
Andrew Ramsay, John Adamson, John Strang, Robert Blair, Zadi.ny
Boyd, Robert Baillie, and William Douglas.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 143

" ANENT TEACHING OF GRAMMAR.

" 1. We find it necessary that the rudiments be taught in English,
as they are now extant.

" 2. We desire that the ' Leges Scholse et Academice Edinburgense'
be now given or sent to the other three Universities, to be thought
upon.

" 3. We find it necessary that Despauterius be interpolated ; and
all the Universities recommend the care thereof to Mr. Thomas
Crawford ; and the Primar is, in their name, to intimate the same
to him.

" 4. It is thought upon if 'Vossii Partitiones Oratories' be not fit
to be taught.

"5. It is thought fit that select parts of poets be taught to
scholars, namely, such as are free of obscenity.

" ANENT THE TEACHING OF PHILOSOPHY.

" 1 . That every student subscribe the National Covenant, with the
League and Covenant, upon some set day, after the same is explained
in English by the Principals and the Logical Professors, besides that
explanation which private masters give of it.

"2. It is found necessary that there be a ' Cursus Philosophicus '
drawn up by the four Universities, and printed, to the end that the
unprofitable and noxious pains in writing be shunned ; and that each
University contribute their travails thereto. And it is to be thought
upon against the month of March ensuing, viz. that St. Andrews
take the Metaphysics ; that Glasgow take the Logics ; Aberdeen the
Ethics and Mathematics ; and Edinburgh the Physics.

" 3. It is thought that what is found behoveful for the improving
of learning in schools and colleges be represented to the Parliament
in March next.

" 4. That the Commissioners that come next from the Universi-
ties, either to the Commission of the Kirk, Parliament, or Assembly,
come instructed to show what course is taken with the students on
the Lord's day, viz., what account is taken of their ' Lectiones Sacrse,'
and of the Sermons they have heard on the Lord's day.

" 5. It is thought that when students are examined publicly on
the ' Black-staine,' before Lammas, and after their return at Michael-
mas, that they be examined in some questions of the Catechism.

144

HISTORY OF THE

" 6. That every University provide some good overtures, against
the month of March, aneut the speedy prosecution of the intended
* Cursus Philosophicus,' and, amongst others of Philosophy, such as
Crassotus, Reas, Burgerdicius, Ariaga, Oviedo, etc.

"ANENT TEACHING OF DIVINITY.

" 1. That every Commissioner that comes to the Commission or
Parliament in March from Universities, bring with them the order
and form of Divinity Professors their teaching ; as also, they are to
show what order their schools keep, that further consideration be
thereof taken by common consent.

" '2. That the visitations of the Universities be required from the
Assembly and Parliament ; that is, that they renew their last Com-
missions.

" 3. It is ordained that the Clerk give a copy of the prvemissis to
each University.

" Sic subscribitur,

" MR. WILLIAM

October.

Mr.

Ivnii Vm
iS!!S3 e '

In October the sixty-sixth session commenced, when
Mr. James Wiseman assembled a new Bejan class, and
on the 7th of the ensuing January he matriculated
sixty-one students.

About this time Mr. William Tweedie seems to have
[Mr. resigned his Regency, and accepted a call to be minister
of Slamannan in the presbytery of Linlithgow. Upon
this, Mr. Andrew Suttie, keeper of the Library, h;i\
ing been substituted in his place, succeeded to the
charge of the Magistrand class this session," while

i Folio MS. volume belonging to the
College of Edinburgh. See also In-
structions to the Glasgow Commis-
foMnjMMfthc Church of Scotland.
liaillie'H MSB. vol. iv. p..tft.

* The pn-i-iM- dates of Mr. Tweedie's
](--iu;iiatinii and d' Mr. Suttir's election
F have nut been able to ascertain.

IVrliujis a more diligent search in the
Town -Council Records, il it were
thought of any importance, might dis-
cover them. [Mr. Andrew Suttic,
k,,-].er of the Library, WM- !.< t.d
Regent <(' I'liilo-xijiliy in phir.- ..|
Mr. William Twin-die resigned, 1'itli
October MI7. Cuum-il Ki-cord>, vol.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 145

Mr. Thomas Crawford carried forward the Semi, and
Mr. Duncan Forrester the Bachelor classes.

The Lord Provost of the City, attended by the same
persons who had met in the College in the preceding

. , others, visits

April, held another meeting there on the 6th of Decem- the College.
ber, where several regulations respecting both Masters
and students were enacted. At the same time, Mr.
Thomas Crawford, as public Professor of Mathematics,
delivered in an account of the method practised by
him in teaching that science. And on the 27th of the
same month, Mr. Andrew Kamsay was re-elected Mr. Andrew

Ramsay

Rector for the ensuing year, with the usual Council %$*
of Assessors.

On the 23d of June 1648, the Town-Council made IMS.

June 23.

choice of Dr. Alexander Colvill, Professor of Divinity J e r - ^j l -
at St. Andrews, to hold the same office in the College fessor n of <J

Divinity, but

of Edinburgh, in place of Dr. John Sharp lately de- ^S".
ceased ; and a deputation was sent to him to announce
his election. 1 He expressed his willingness to accept
of the charge, and his colleagues consented to part

xvi. fol. 216.] About ten years after- the students without the usual form of

wards, that is on the 5th of August trial, immediately substituted the Lib-

1657, we find Mr. William Tweedie rarian in his place. In Crawford's

elected a Regent in place of Mr. Wil- History of the University of Edinburgh,

liam Forbes deceased ; and he was then Mr. William Tweedie, the first chosen

minister at Slamannan-nmir. The Regent of that name, is said to have

terms of this election, which are rather taken his degree in the year 1639, un-

singular, are specified in the Town- der which date that name still appears

Council Records. It is there stipula- in the graduation book ; by comparing

ted, that, at the end of a course, he is which with another subscription of

not to commence another without un- William Tweedie, which appears in the

dertaking to finish it, and must give a fifteenth page of the book containing

quarter of a year's notice before he re- the laws of the Library, and where he

move. From this it may be inferred, subscribes as a Regent in the year 1662,

that he had formerly abandoned his such a similarity appears as leaves little

office somewhat precipitately, probably room to doubt of their being the sigua-

iu the time of a session, and that the tures of the same person,

patrons, to prevent the dissipation of ] Town-Council Records of that date.

140 HISTORY OF THE

with him ; but the General Assembly, who managed
matters of tins kind, in the case of ministers, as they
pleased, passed an Act refusing to translate Dr. Colvill
to the College of Edinburgh. 1

The King's fate in England was now drawing to-
wards a close, and in Scotland the whole country was
in a state of violent agitation. This was chiefly occa-
sioned by the secret "Engagement" for arming Scotland
in the King's behalf, which the Earls of Loudon,
Lauderdale, and Lanark, had formed with that unfor-
tunate monarch, when they attended him in the Isle
of Wight, along with the Commissioners from the
English Parliament. When the Articles of this Treaty
were divulged in Scotland, and it was found that it
imposed no obligation on the King for signing the
Covenant, the rigid Presbyterians, supported by the
Marquis of Argyll and Johnston of Warriston, were
highly exasperated, being determined that the King
should be restored on no other terms than those of
the Covenant. The more moderate Presbyterians
wished to reconcile the interests of Keligion and of
the Crown, and, by supporting the Presbyterian party
in England, to suppress the Sectarian army, and to
restore the English Parliament, as well as the King, to
their just freedom and authority. The avowed Roy-

1 Index to unprinted Acts of Assem- nant." In the Appendix to Spottis-

bly 1648, Session 29. Baillie's printed wood's Hist. (p. 20), it is said, that he

Letters (vol. ii. p. 308), where it is had been formerly a Professor at Sedan ;

said "that the private respects of a that he was learned in the Hebrew; a

very few made him to be fixed to his great textuary, and well seen in Divi-

Htation." See also p. 342, where it is nity ; and that he died about the year

said, that Dr. Alexander Colvill would 1664.

n..t l.o nivi-n to the College of Edin- On the 5th July 1648, Gideon I.ith-

bi-intr " ;i man dcmi - nmli^r- pow was elected Printer to the College.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 147

alists were for re-instating the King, without any
limitation or restriction. Of these three parties, the.
first had the greatest ascendency over the people.
The Parliament of Scotland had indeed sanctioned
the Engagement, but the Commission of the General
Assembly of the Church had declared it to be illegal.
Many of the ministers successfully exerted their in-
terest with the people to obstruct the levies ; and the
Marquis of Hamilton, who had the principal hand
in the Engagement, was under the necessity of march-
ing into England with a raw and deficient force. His
design evidently was, not to fulfil the Covenant, but
to co-operate with the Eoyalists in restoring the King
unconditionally to the exercise of his former power.
But this expedition, conducted as it was by Hamilton
with timidity and irresolution, proved entirely un-
successful. Though the army was superior in number
to Cromwell's, it was forced to yield to that victorious
general. The Duke of Hamilton himself was taken
prisoner, and soon after, by the title of Earl of
Cambridge in England, doomed to suffer on the
scaffold.

The General Assembly, which met at Edinburgh on
the 12th of July, highly approved of the conduct of
the Commission. They discovered the same hostility
to the Engagement, and proceeded with great rigour
against all those within their jurisdiction who either
approved of it or did not condemn it. They did not
think a Declaration which had been published by the
Commission sufficient, but emitted a new one of their
own, entitled, " A Declaration concerning the present

148 HISTORY OF THE

Dangers of Religion, especially the unlawful engage-
ment in war against the Kingdom of England ; to-
gether with many necessary exhortations and directions
to all the Members of the Kirk of Scotland/' And
they passed likewise an " Act for censuring ministers
for their silence, and not speaking to the corruptions
of the time." 1 The advanced age of the venerable Mr.
Andrew Ramsay, formerly Professor of Divinity, and
now the third time Rector of the University of Edin-
burgh, and the respectable abilities of Mr. William
Colvill, who was afterwards thought worthy to be
Principal of the same seminary, did not protect them
on this occasion. Having been convicted either of
negligence in condemning, or of avowedly favouring
the obnoxious Engagement, the censure of suspension
was inflicted on them by this Assembly, and that of
deposition by the next. 2

This Assembly passed also an Act ordaining the
Covenant to be taken at the first receiving of the
sacrament of the Lord's Supper, and that it should be

i See printed Acts of Assembly, 1648. for defrauding the souls of people, \ .1.

In this Act it is recommended to the for being highly guilty of the blood of

Presbyteries and Synods to make special souls, in not giving them warnin- :

inquiry and trial concerning all the much more are such Ministers to be

ministers within their bounds, and to censured with deposition from their

tlireaten with suspension all such as ministry \vli< preach for the lawfulness,

are found too sparing, general, or ambi- or pray lor the success of the piv>i-nt

guous in speaking against prevailing unlawful Engagement, or that go alon,u r

evils, such as profaneness, the defection with the army themselves, or who sub-

froin the League and Covenant, and scribe any bands, or take any oatli.-

the unlawful Engagement in war ; and not approved by the (ieneial Assembly

if any continue in the negligence of or their Commissioner.-; <u- by their

such applications and reproofs, after counsel, countenance, or approbation,

due admonition, they are to be cited, make themselves accesson -to tin-taking

ami, upon conviction, to be depoM-d, of such Lands and oaths by others."
' tor being pleasers of men rather than

servants of Christ; for giving them- a t'npriiited Acts, Assemblies lil>

-eUex to a ilete-tai'le itidiflerency or andl'ii 1 .'. Bee Baillie'i printed Lettan,

neutrality in the cause of God ; and vol. ii. pp. 282, 283, 28U, 311.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 149

received also by all students at their first entry to
College. 1 And they renewed the former injunction
to Presbyteries for each to maintain a bursar at some
one of the Colleges.

Before the conclusion of the session of the College,
and while the General Assembly was sitting, the
meetings of Commissioners for consulting about the
common benefit of all the Universities of the kingdom
were renewed. On the 17th of July there appeared
within the College of Edinburgh Mr. Samuel Euther-
ford and Mr. George Wemyss of St. Andrews ; Mr.
David Dickson and Mr. Eobert Baillie of Glasgow ;
Mr. David Lindsay, Mr. William More, and Mr. Patrick
Gordon of Aberdeen ; and Mr. John Adamson and
Mr. Thomas Crawford of Edinburgh.

" EDINBURGI, IN ACADEMIA JACOBI REGIS,
"17 Julii 1648.

" Sedenint,

" From the Universities of St. Andrews, Mr. Samuel Rutherford
and Mr. George Wemyss ; of Glasgow, Mr. David Dickson and Mr.
Robert Baillie ; of Aberdeen, Mr. David Lindsay, Mr. William
More, and Mr. Patrick Gordon ; of Edinburgh, Mr. John Adamsori
and Mr. Thomas Crawford.

" 1. It is agreed, that all the Universities shall concur with and
assist one another, in every common cause, concerning the common
weal of all the Universities.

" 2. The former agreement is renewed, that no delinquent in any
College shall be received into another College before he give testi-
mony that he hath given satisfaction to the College from which
he came.

" 3. It is agreed, that there be required of every student coming
from one University to another, a testimonial from the College
whence he came, or from the Regent under whom he studied, to be
produced -within a month after his entry.

i Printed Acts of Assembly, 1648. Session 31.

150 HISTORY OF THE

" 4. It is agreed, that it be proposed to eveiy University by the
Commissioners, that there may be an equal progress in the course
of teaching in every class within the whole University."

" EDINBURGH, the Wth July 1648.
" Sederunt,

" From St. Andrews, Mr. Samuel Rutherford, Dr. Alexander
Colvill, Mr. James Reid of Pitleithy, and Mr. David Nevay ; from
Aberdeen, Mr. David Lindsay, Mr. William More, and Mr. Patrick
Gordon ; from Glasgow, Mr. David Dickson and Mr. Robert Baillie ;
from Edinburgh, Mr. John Adamson, Mr. Thomas Crawford, Mr.
James Wiseman, Mr. Duncan Forrester, and Mr. Andrew Suttie.

"1. It is agreed, that, at the next meeting, the Commissioners
of every University shall produce a note of those things which are
taught in every class in their University.

"2. It is agreed, that, with all convenient diligence, a draught
shall be framed of the course of Philosophy to be taught in the
Colleges.

" 3. It is agreed, that the draught of the course shall be one for
the Colleges.

" 4. It is agreed, that every Regent be tied to prescribe to his
scholars all and every part of the said course to be drawn up, and
examine the same, with liberty to the Regent to add his own con-
siderations besides, by the advice of the Faculty of the University.

" 5. It is agreed, that every University shall handle and treat
the parts allotted to them before ; viz., St. Andrews, the Meta-
physics, de Anima, Porphyry, and the Categories, with the proemial
Questiones de Natura Habituum et Logics de Universali, etc., and
the Rhetoric ; Glasgow, the rest of the Logics ; Aberdeen, the
Ethics, Politics, and Economics, with an introduction to the Mathe-
matics ; and Edinburgh, the rest of the Physics.

" 6. That, in the draught of the cursus, the text of Aristotle's
Logics and Physics be kept, and shortly anagoged, the textual
doubts cleared upon the back of every chapter ; or, in the analysis and
commonplaces, handled after the chapters treating of that matter."

" EDINBURGH, 24fA July 1648.
" Sederunt,

" From St. Andrews, Mr. George Wemyss ; from Glasgow, Mr.
Robert Baillie ; from Aberdeen, Mr. William More and Mr. Patrick

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 1 5 1

Gordon ; from Edinburgh, Mr. John Adamson, Mr. Thomas Craw-
ford, and Mr. James Wiseman.

" 1. Anent the question proposed by the General Assembly, con-
cerning the election of the Commissioners from Universities, by whom
and what persons are to be chosen, it is agreed, that they cannot deter-
mine at this time, while [until] the old acts of the General Assembly
be searched for that effect. Mr. Kobert Dalgleish, agent for the
Kirk, is appointed to deal earnestly with my Lord Advocate, Mr.
David Calderwood and Mr. Andrew Ker to search out of the Re-
gisters of the Assembly what hath been practised before, that report
may be made to the next General Assembly."

The course of study of the different Universities was then read.

" ST. ANDREWS.

" That diligent students may attain to some measure of know-
ledge, not only in the Greek, but Hebrew tongue, and in all the
liberal arts necessary to be known by them, and that they may have
some insight in all the parts of Aristotle's philosophy,

" It is appointed that the Regents of Philosophy follow this course
in teaching hereafter :

" In the first year, so soon as the students come to the College,
they shall be exercised diligently in translating of English into Latin,
and Latin into English, till the month of November, upon the which
day, the common Latin theme shall be given ; and, the morrow
after, they shall begin the Greek grammar, and shall proceed in
learning rules and practices of the Greek language till the month of
June ; and the remanent time of that year, after the month of June,
to be spent in learning the elements of the Hebrew tongue, that at
last they may be able to read the elements of Arithmetic, the four
species at least.

" That these necessary studies be not neglected, it is ordained
that they be examined not only in the knowledge of the Greek, but
also in the reading of the Hebrew, and beginnings of Arithmetic.

" In the second year, the scholars, immediately after their meet-
ing, shall be exercised in translating Latin into Greek, and Greek
into Latin, till the month of November, upon the which day the
common Greek theme shall be given ; the next day after they shall
begin the ordinary studies of that year at a Logic compend, and

152 HISTORY OF THE

proceed in learning of Dialectic, Rhetoric, Stnicttira Orationis, with
the practice of Logic and Rhetoric.

" In their declamations till the first day of March, at which time
they shall begin Porphyry, and proceed to the Categories cle Inter-
jyretatione, and P-rwra Analytical, and upon all these shall sustain
examination.

"In the third year, they shall begin the first book of Topics,
with which shall be joined in teaching the argument, or compend of
the eighth book, and thereafter the Sophist Captions, Posteriwa
Analytica.

" After ending of the Logics, they shall be taught the elements of
Geometry, the first two books of Aristotle's Ethics, and five or six
chapters of the third book, with the argument or compend of all the
rest of the year ; also a compend of Metaphysics shall be taught ; and,
last of all, the first and second book of the Arithmetic.

"It is also thought fit, that so much time of the year as may be
well spared, be bestowed in the practice of Logic, about Thema
Simplex et Compositum ; and this exercise to be upon the Saturday.

" In the fourth year shall be taught the other four books of the
Arithmetic, the books de Coelo, the elements of Astronomy and
Geography, the books de Ortu et Interitu, the Meteors, some part
of the first, with the whole second and third books de Anima ; and,
if so much time may be spared, some compend of Anatomy.

" Because the diting of long notes has in time past proved a
hindrance, not only to other necessary studies, ~but also to a know-
ledge of the text itself, and to the examination of such things as
are taught, it is therefore seriously recommended by the Commissioners
to the Dean and Faculty of Arts, that the Regents spend not so
much time in diting of their notes ; that no new lesson be taught
till the former be examined.

" That every student have the text of Aristotle in Greek ; and
that the Regent first analyse the text viva voce, and thereafter give
the sum thereof in writing."

" COURSES TAUGHT YEARLY IN KING'S COLLEGE OF ABERDEEN.

" The College sitteth down in the beginning of October ; and, for
the space of a month, till the students be well convened, both
masters and scholars are exercised with repetitions and

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 153

tions ; which being done, the courses are begun about the first or
second day of November.

" To the first class is taught Clenard with Antesignanus, the
greatest part of the New Testament, Basilius M. his epistle, an
oration of Isocrates, another of Demosthenes, a book of Homer,
Phocylides, some of Nonnus.

" To the second class, Kami Dialectica, Vossii Rhetorica, some
elements of Arithmetic, Pofphyry, Aristotle, his Categories de Inter-
pretatione, and prior Analytics, both text and questions.

" To the third class, the rest of the Logics, two first books of the
Ethics, five chapters of the third, with a compend of the particular
writes. The first five books of the General Physics, with some
elements of Geometry.

" To the fourth class, the books de Ccelo, de Ortu et Interitu, de
Anima, de Meteoris, Sphasra Joannis de Sacrobosco, with some
beginnings of Geography, and insight in the globes and maps.

" This to be understood ordinarily, and in peaceable times."

" COURSES TAUGHT YEARLY IN THE MARISCHAL COLLEGE AT
" ABERDEEN.

" Unto those of the first class is taught Clenardus, Antesignanus
his Grammar ; for orations, two of Demosthenes, one of Isocrates ;
for poets, Phocylides, and some portion of Homer, with the whole
New Testament.

" Unto the second class, a brief compend of the Logics, the text of
Porphyry, and Aristotle's Organon, accurately explained ; the whole
questions ordinarily disputed to the end of the demonstrations.

" To the third class, the first two books of Ethics, and the first
five chapters of the third text and questions, the first five books of
Acroamatics, Questiones de Compositione continui, and some of the
eight books.

" To the fourth, the books de Ccelo, de Generatione, the Meteors,
de Anima, Johannes de Sacrobosco on the Sphere, with some
Geometry." l

On the 28th of July, Mr. Andrew Suttie brought

Class gradu-

1 [The author refers to a "MS. book of that book, extracts are given from ated.
in folio, from which to copy the pro- Bower's History of the University,
ceedings of the Universities Commis- vol. i. pp. 239-246.]
sioners in 1647 and 1648. In the absence

154 HISTORY OF THE

the sixtieth class to the usual degree, being in number
thirty-five. 1
Mr. Francis Mr. Francis Adamson, who succeeded Mr. Suttie as

A-hinson, T .1 1111 i

Librarian. Librarian, was probably chosen about this time ; but
I have not been able to ascertain the precise date of
his election. He had taken his, degree the preceding
session under Mr. James Wiseman.

October. I n October the College, as usual, began to meet for
LXVII! the sixty-seventh time, and Mr. Andrew Suttie entered
upon the charge of the new Bejan class, which, when
fully convened and matriculated, amounted to the
number of fifty-two. Mr. James Wiseman proceeded
with the Semi, Mr. Thomas Crawford with the
Bachelor, and Mr. Duncan Forrester with the Magis-
strand classes.

1649 On the 1st of January 1649, Mr. Kobert Douglas,
noiigus who, even before the death of Mr. Alexander Hender-

rhosen

son, was rising to great eminence among his party,
was chosen Eector of the University for the ensuing
year, with the usual number of Assessors.

The commencement of this year is a noted era in
the history of Great Britain. King Charles the First,
after a solemn trial, was condemned to death, and on
the 30th of January executed on a public scaffold.
The particulars are well known. Oliver Cromwell's
influence, supported by the army, immediately upon
this event, prevailed in England, and the monarchy
there was dissolved. In Scotland, however, Charles

1 The printed Theses of thi* gradua- puMislH-d this war for tin- lira-hint ion

tion, if there were any, are not pre- of twenty Otndidfttofl in St. Leonard's

served in the College collection. In- Collr-c. St. A mln-ws. under the tuition

stead of them are inserted the Theses nf Mr. David Nrvav.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 155

the Second, the King's son and successor, then abroad,
was immediately proclaimed ; but upon condition " of
his good behaviour, and strict observance of the Cove-
nant, and his entertaining no other persons about him
but such as were godly men and faithful to that obliga-
tion." The insertion of these clauses evidently shows
the influence now possessed by the rigid Presbyterians,
and their patron, the Marquis of Argyll, whose object
had been to prevail with the late King to subscribe the
Covenant, and who now, in this their first acknowledg-
ment of the new Sovereign, certainly acted a consistent
and laudable part in thus endeavouring to circum-
scribe his power.

Meanwhile the education in the Colleges was con-

o

ducted without molestation. On the 5th of March,
Mr. Eobert Douglas, the Kector, with his council, held
a meeting in the College of Edinburgh, and recom-
mended the observation of certain regulations respect-
ing the hours of meeting which had been enacted the
27th of December 1647. 1 And on the 26th of July 1649
Mr. Duncan Forrester brought forward the sixty-first TheSty-

J first Class

class, in number thirty four, to the Master's degree, 8 raduated -
after solemn disputation in the public hall ; on which
occasion the printed Theses, which furnished the sub-
jects of debate, were dedicated to the Marquis of
Argyll.

. In October, after the vacation, the College again ^J o e
assembled, and Mr. Duncan Forrester had the charge LXVII]
of the Bejan class, which at the matriculation on the
llth of the following January, consisted of sixty-

i Town-Council Records of that date.

156 HISTORY OF THE

one students. The other three Kegents proceeded
with their classes in the usual order.

1650. The Professorship of Divinity, since the death of
-^ r * J nn Sharp, had now remained vacant about two
years, when on the 16th of February 1650, the Lord
Provost, Magistrates, and Council, and the Ministers
of Edinburgh, requested the authority of the Commis
sion of the General Assembly, then met, to translate
Mr. David Dickson from the Professorship of Divinity
in the University of Glasgow to the same office at
Edinburgh. To this the Commission agreed, and
ordained Mr. Dickson to remove from Glasgow and
take up his residence in Edinburgh before the 1st of
April next. 1

At this time, while the power of Cromwell had not
yet extended to Scotland, the following were the
members of the College of Edinburgh :-

iof)0. Mr. Robert Douglas, Rector of the University.

Mr. John Adamson, Principal.
Mr. David Dickson, Professor of Divinity.
Mr. Duncan Forrester,

Mr. Andrew Suttie,

_. T ,.,. Regents or Professors of

Mr. James Wiseman,

Mr. Thomas Crawford, also
Professor of Mathematics,
Mr. James Pillans, Professor of Humanity.
Mr. Julius Conradus Otto, Professor of Oriental Languages.
Mr. Francis Adamson, Librarian

Meanwhile, at Breda, where the King then ivsidrd,
attended by Commissioners from Scotland, ti tivuty
had been set on foot relative to his return to liis

1 Commission Records of February 16, 1650.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 157

ancient kingdom upon the terms of the Covenant.
But Charles, with that duplicity and dishonesty of
character for which he was afterwards distinguished,
carefully concealed his having already encouraged and
abetted the Marquis of Montrose in a scheme of in-
vading Scotland. This illustrious adventurer, how-
ever, was extremely unfortunate in this new attempt.
Having been defeated in the North soon after his
landing, he was brought prisoner to Edinburgh, and
there executed on the 21st of May, with circumstances
of indignity which historians have recorded with an
interesting minuteness, and from which his country-
men have derived no honour. After the death of
Montrose, the King immediately acquiesced in the
proposals of the Scots Commissioners ; and having on
the 23d of June set sail for Scotland, he landed in the
North, but not till after he had signed the Covenant ;
and on coming ashore, he found himself entirely at
the disposal of the zealous Covenanters.

Notwithstanding the agitation which these events,
and the approach of fresh hostilities occasioned in the
City, the session of the College was carried on almost

to the usual period, and on the 15th of July the sixty- Juiyis.

J J The sixty-

second class, under the auspices of Mr. Thomas

Crawford, Regent in Philosophy and Professor of
Mathematics, received the degree of M.A., being
forty-three in number. The ceremony was performed
in the public hall, and the Theses were dedicated
to Sir James Stewart of Kirkfield, Lord Provost, and
to the other magistrates arid members of the Town-
Council.

158 HISTORY OF THE

On the 16th of August the King emitted his famous
Declaration, from Dunferailine, which was entirely con-
formable to the desire of the strict Presbyterians ; but
every article of which he scrupled not afterwards to
violate. 1

Meanwhile, Cromwell, at the head of a great army,
had begun his march towards Scotland. Leslie, the
Scots General, had entrenched himself in a fortified
camp between Leith and Edinburgh, to which place
Cromwell soon advanced ; but being much annoyed
by that experienced General, without being able to
bring him to a general engagement, he was forced to
retreat towards Dunbar. Leslie, by his able conduct,
reduced him to the utmost extremity ; and historians
admit that if he had not been urged by the zeal of
the Presbyterian ministers to give immediate battle
to Cromwell, the latter with his whole army must
have been utterly undone. The battle was fought
on the 3d of September. Cromwell obtained a
complete victory, and immediately pursued his ad-
vantage by taking possession of Edinburgh and
Leith ; while the remains of the Scottish army fled
to Stirling. 2
1650. While Cromwell was in possession of the city, the

O<*tot>cr

LX'IX" Professors of the College found it impracticable to
commence their session there as usual in the month of
October, but were advised to retire into File, and take
up their station at Kirkaldy ; to which place a con-
siderable concourse of students resorted. The number

1 See Appendix to Wodmw's History, vol. i. No. i.

2 Hume's History of England, rhap. Ix.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 159

composing the new Bejan class under Mr. Thomas
Crawford, if we may judge from the corresponding
graduation at the end of their four years' course (for
there was no matriculation this session), was very
small.

In consequence of the defeat at Dunbar, it became
advisable to strengthen the King's party, by admitting
of a coalition with those who had favoured Hamilton's
Engagement, and even with the Koyalists who were
usually styled Malignants. Two resolutions were
adopted by the Parliament held at Perth, that a pro-
fession of repentance on the part of both Engagers
and Malignants should be accepted, and that they
should be allowed, on this profession, to share in the
service and defence of the kingdom. A violent oppo-
sition to this indulgence, and to the Commission of
the General Assembly which had favoured it, arose,
chiefly in the western counties, who entered into a
separate association against the Sectaries, and framed
a Kemonstrance against the King. The nation suffered
a new convulsion, and was enfeebled by this new
schism betwixt Resolutioners and Eemonstrants. In
the meantime the King enjoyed greater freedom, and
the Parliament agreed to proceed without delay to
his coronation ; which was accordingly performed at
Scone with great solemnity on the 2d of January,
when after an appropriate sermon preached by Mr.
Robert Douglas, minister of Edinburgh, and Rector of
the University, the Marquis of Argyll set the crown
on the King's head.

The classes continued their studies at Kirkaldy till

160 HISTORY OF THE

i65i. the 8th of May 1651, when twelve of the Magistrand

May8. /

thi?d s chL c ^ ass un der Mr. James Wiseman, were graduated, and
jSiy^r 1 ' a few days after, thirteen additional, as appears from a

Kirkaldy;

certificate extant in the graduation-book, 1 subscribed

by Robert Douglas, Rector, Thomas Crawford, James

Wiseman, and James Pillans, Professors. In the same

certificate mention is made of the candidates having

taken both the National Covenant and the Solemn

League and Covenant, with the oath of allegiance to

the King. It appears likewise, from a note in the

and partly same Record, that eleven other students of this class

burgh, W ere graduated at Edinburgh by authority of the

May 20 and

Principal and the ministers, and recommended by the
Rector and Regents, 2 viz., one on the 20th of May,
two on .the 28th, and the other eight on the 13th of
June.

During the winter, the Castle of Edinburgh was be-
trayed into the hands of Cromwell, who soon subdued
the whole country between the Forth and the Clyde.
After this, having remained some time in Edinburgh,
the Scottish army, with the King, being encamped and
strongly fortified at the Torwood, he in vain tried to
bring them to an engagement. He then passed over
into Fife and came round upon the rear of the Scottish
army, who, with the King, instead of waiting for
Cromwell's approach, immediately inarched into Eng-

1 [Catalogue of the Graduates, p. 71. vailed, no meeting of the Town-Council
Edinburgh, 1858. 8vo.] TM held from the 3d of September 1060,

2 It was the custom for the Lord Pro- till the 5th of December lb*51, Viiu;
vot, Magistrates, and Council, to give fifteen months ami Hirer days, till the
their sanction to every graduation ; hut kingdom was settled under the English
on account of the confusion that piv- )>ower. Srr Town-Council Records.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 161

land. Cromwell followed ; and on the 3d of September
1651, was fought the battle of Worcester, where the
King was utterly defeated, and narrowly escaped being
taken.

In October the College of Edinburgh was suffered to
meet after a long vacation, when Mr. James Wiseman ixx 011
took the charge of the Bejan class, which at the matri-
culation consisted of fifty-six students, while Mr.
Crawford proceeded with the Semis, Mr. Forrester
with the Bachelors, and Mr. Suttie with the Magis-
trands.

It is probable that this year, 1651, died Mr. John
Adamson, Principal of the College. 1 He was the son
of Henry Adamson, provost of Perth, and had obtained
the office of Kegent or professor of Philosophy on the
resignation of Mr. George Kobertson in January 1598 ;
the class to the charge of which he succeeded being in
the second year of their course. He was then a very
young man, and had been graduated the year before.
After holding this Professorship till towards the end of
the year 1604, he then accepted of a call to be mini-
ster of North Berwick ; from thence he was translated
to the church of Liberton, and from that was brought
to be Principal of the College, to which office he was
admitted on the 21st of November 1623. While Mr.
Adamson was minister at Liberton, he presided at the
famous disputation which was held by the Professors
of the College of Edinburgh in the Castle of Stirling,

1 He was alive May 28, 1651, at which Adamson died towards the end of the

date mention is made of the Principal. year 1651.] Mr. Robert Leighton, who

Graduation Book. [From his Con- succeeded him, was not chosen till

tinned Testament, it appears that January 17, 1653. [See p. 168.]

L

162 HISTORY OF THE

before King James the Sixth, in the year 1617, being
requested by Mr. Henry Charteris, then Principal of the
College, to appear in his stead upon that occasion. Mr.
Charteris being a man of great modesty, was averse to
speak on such public. occasions, though he was a man
of various and profound learning. An account of this
disputation may be collected from Mr. Thomas Craw-
ford's MS. History of the College, and from the publi-
cation entitled " The Muses Welcome," etc., of which
Mr. Adamson was the editor. 1 He published also
" Eio-oSia Musarum Edinensium in Caroli Eegis, Musa-
rum Tutani, ingressu in Scotiam, 1633." 2 And he had
a great share in constructing the different magnificent
shows and pageants exhibited in the City of Edinburgh
on occasion of the King's public entry into that city
when he came to Scotland to be crowned. 3 Principal
Adamson also published a small Latin Catechism for
the use of students, entitled " ^Toi^euoa^ Eloquioruni
Dei, sive Methodus Eeligionis Christianse Catechetica.
In usum Academise Jacobi Kegis et Scholarum Edin-
ensium conscripta. Edinburgi, in Academia Jacobi
Kegis, 1637," in 12 mo. 4 He presided over the Col-
lege about twenty-five years with great reputation.
1652. On the 15th of April 1652, Mr. Andrew Suttie

April 15.

e rth x cLs brought his class, which was the sixty-fourth, consist-
ing only of nineteen students, to the Master's degree,

i [A minute account of this Disputa- and MaitlandV History of Edinburgh.

tion in the presence of King James at [Also supra, p. 97.]
Stirling, is already given : supra, pp. 4 [Principal Adamson's Latin Cate-

63-71.] rliism was first printed at Edinburgh

a [See footnote, p. 98.] in 1627, 12mo. It was dedicated to the

1 See Mr. Thomas Crawford's History Provost, Magistrates, and Council, who

of the College of Edinburgh; also voted totheauthorthesumof 400niarks.

Prummond of Hawthornden's Works ; Tmvn-('num-il Kivords. .lune lti'27.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 163

three months earlier than usual, on account of the
agitation still prevailing in the City during the
arrangement of affairs under the English power. No
printed Theses for this graduation appear in the Col-
lege collection. During the vacation the same degree
was conferred on Thomas Tanner of New College,
Oxford, on the 1st of June; and on Isaac Chaplyn
from Suffolk, Francis Wilcox from Devonshire,
and John Davis 1 from Worcestershire, on the 19th
of August.

The Town-Council of Edinburgh had not met for
upwards of fifteen months. The Provost and several
of the members had retired to Stirling immediately
after the battle of Dunbar. At last such of the Coun-
cil as remained held several meetings in the month of
December 1651, when they approved of the lists of
deacons, and of merchant and trades councillors, which
were laid before them, but they put off the new election
of Magistrates till the arrival of the English Commis-
sioners who were appointed by the Parliament of
England to settle the Scottish affairs. These having
accordingly soon after arrived, they gave authority to
the citizens to make the election ; which they did, for
the ensuing year, on the 5th and 9th days of March
1652. 2

The Town-Council being thus restored, one of their
earliest acts was the election of a Principal of the
College, in place of Mr. John Adamson, lately de-
ceased ; 3 and the Council, with the Ministers, being

1 See Calamy's Abridgment of Mr. 2 Maitland's History of Edinburgh,
Baxter's History of his Life and Times, p. 89.
vol. ii. p. 518. 3 Town-Council Records.

164 HISTORY OF THE

met on the 23d of April, a list of candidates was
agreed on, in which was included, by majority of
votes, Mr. William Colvill, formerly minister of Edin-
burgh, but who, as was mentioned before, had been
deposed by the General Assembly, 1649, on account
of his favouring Hamilton's unfortunate Engagement.
He was, notwithstanding this circumstance, now
elected Principal of the College of Edinburgh, and a
letter was sent to him in Holland, where he then was,
inviting him to take possession of the office. Never-
theless, this election was soon after set aside, as will
appear presently. 1

iwi. On the 23d of July, Mr. James Nairne was appointed
NaiiiT es keeper of the Library in place of Mr. Adamson, and
on the 28th, he took the oath dejideli administratione,
and gave security.

i52. In October, the College again assembled ; and Mr.
Andrew Suttie, whose turn it was to have the charge of
the new class, having died, Mr. James Pillans, who, since
the year 1644, had been Professor of Humanity, was,
. 29. on the 29th of November, elected one of the Professors

Mr. James

f Philosophy in hie place, and succeeded to the tuition

of the Bejan class, in number forty-seven ; the Semi

Philosophy.

being taught by Mr. James Wiseman, the Bachelor by
Mr. Thomas Crawford, and the Magistrand by Mr.
Duncan Forrester.

Before the conclusion of the preceding year, the

1 At another meeting of the Town- them if they had any objection against

Council, on the 30th of the same month, Mr. Colvill's being Principal ; to which

where the Regents were present, on they answered, that they knew of none,

the subject of their own salaries, the except the diflemice betwixt him ami

Provost took the opportunity of asking the Kirk. Town-Council Records.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 165

greater part of Scotland had submitted to Cromwell's
authority; and the nation, after some unsuccessful
efforts to oppose General Monk, whom he had left
behind him in this country, enjoyed at last consider-
able tranquillity under the usurpation. About the
close of the ensuing year, the military being in reality
the sole power which prevailed in the three kingdoms,
Cromwell was declared Protector by the council of
officers ; a title which he was prevailed on, in the year
1656, to retain, rather than assume that of King, and
which was then conferred with greater solemnity by a
Parliament he had summoned.

Among other arrangements made by the Protector
for the government of Scotland, he appointed seven
Judges or Commissioners for the Administration of
Justice to the people of that country. 1 These dis-
charged the duty of the Courts both of Session and
of Justiciary. 2 To a certain number of them, an
ample commission was also given by the Parliament
of England to place or eject ministers as they thought
proper, and to visit and exercise authority over the
Universities. 3

Edward Mosely, one of the judges, having made j^s.^
certain objections to Mr. William Colvill, lately elected

Principal, the Town-Council, though satisfied with Mr. COMII "

1 annulled,

Colvill, were obliged to declare the office vacant, that
another Principal might be elected more agreeable to
the wishes of the Judge ; and on the same day, which

1 [On the 18th of May 1652 J in Laing's History of Scotland, vol. i.

2 Lord Hailes's Catalogue of the Lords p. 439.

of Session. See a good account of 3 Baillie's Letters and Jotirnals, vol.
Cromwell's administration in Scotland, ii. p. 371.

166 HISTORY OF THE

was the 17th of January 1653, they elected Mr. Eobert
Leighton, minister of Newbattle, to be Principal of
their College. The Ministers refused to vote, as they
had scruples respecting the manner of the call, though
they declared themselves satisfied with the man. In-
deed, however informal the mode of election might
be supposed, a choice more fortunate for the College
could not have been made. Mr. Leighton was already
distinguished, not only for piety and learning, but for
a gentleness and moderation of character at all times
most amiable and most respectable, but in those days
of violence and faction truly admirable.

He was the eldest son of Alexander Leighton, D.D., 1
a native of Scotland, but who had removed to England,
and was the author of two books, " The Looking Glasse
of the Holy War/' and "Zion's Plea against Prelacy,"
for which he suffered severely, being condemned in
the Star-Chamber to be whipped, set upon the pillory,
have his ears cut off, be branded on the face, his nose
slit, pay a fine of 10,000, and be imprisoned for the
remainder of his life. This sentence was passed upon
him on the 4th of June 1630 ; at which time his son
Robert, being about sixteen years of age, was a
student of Philosophy in the University of Edin-
burgh under Mr. Robert Rankin, by whom he was
promoted to the degree of M.A., on the 23d of July
1631. After finishing his academical course, he set
out on foreign travel, and spent some years in France,
where he attained such ease and fluency in the French

1 [It is a mistake to denote Dr. Alex- University of Lyden. See Bannat ym-
ander Leightou as D.D. He took his Miscellany, vol. iii. p. 229.]
degree of Doctor of Medicine in the

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 167

language that he spoke it like a native. The study of
Divinity had ever been his great and ultimate object.
The knowledge of the world which he had acquired,
enlarged his elegant mind, without impairing his
piety. On his return to Scotland, he passed trials for
the holy ministry with great approbation, and was or-
dained by the Presbyterians minister of Newbattle in
the Presbytery of Dalkeith. There he continued for
many years in a state of retirement from the bustle
of the world, intent upon study, and diligent in the
exercise of his pastoral duties. He kept as much as
possible aloof from the violence of both the Presby-
terian and Episcopal parties ; and he lamented the
vehemence which characterized the conduct of both, in
their procedure respecting the forms of church govern-
ment. His own education as a Presbyterian, as well
as the cruel treatment which his father had endured
from the Episcopals of England, countenanced and
cordially approved of by Laud, then Bishop of Lon-
don, seemed to remove him at an infinite distance
from all partiality in favour of Prelacy ; yet he could
not go along with the Covenanters to the utmost
extent of their intemperate zeal. He thought that
the antipathy of each party against the other was not
consistent with the pure spirit of Christianity, ac-
cording to the dictates of which it was his constant
endeavour to regulate his own life. He did not see
any model of church-government precisely defined in
Holy Scripture, and was of opinion that, under either
the Episcopal or Presbyterian form, when purely ad-
ministered, the true objects of ecclesiastical jurisdic-

168 HISTORY OF THE

tion might be obtained ; but in his own time, and in
his own country, he saw much to blame, not in the
plan or constitution of ecclesiastical judicatories, but
in the violence, intolerance, and unchristian conduct
of many of their members. When, after the Restora-
tion, he was prevailed on to be a bishop, it was
evident that his accepting of this pre-eminence was
influenced by no ambitious motive, but proceeded
from a fond hope of being more extensively useful,
and that his exertions might have some effect in
reconciling the contending parties to one another ;
for when, after trial, he was entirely disappointed in
this expectation, he relinquished his Episcopal dignity,
and spent the remainder of his life in retirement and
devotion.

He was in the thirty-ninth year of his age, when he
was elected Principal of the University of Edinburgh.
His father, by an order of the Long Parliament, had
recovered his liberty thirteen years before, being in
the seventy-second year of his age, and worn out
with hard imprisonment, poverty, and sickness. 1
Laud, who had instigated the prosecution against
him, was himself doomed in his turn to suffer, and
had already, on the 10th of January 1645, perished
on the scaffold.

^ n *^ e ^*k f January 1653, a deputation \v;is
sent to Mr. Leighton, with a letter from the Town-
Council, in vi ting him to take possession of his new
office. As the Church of Scotland, of which he was
a minister, continued to be more and more agitated

1 Neai's History of the Puritans, edit 1794, vol. ii. p. 336.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 169

and distracted by internal divisions, as well as by the
interference of the English power, and as he was still
averse from taking any share in its disputes, he con-
sidered an Academical life as even more favourable to
his views of study and retirement than the charge of
a country parish, and therefore was prevailed on to
accept of the invitation.

He had not been invested with the office of Prin- Mr.

returns from

cipal much longer than a month when Mr. William SduTdk-
Colvill, ignorant of what had happened, arrived from ap
Utrecht, with a view to take possession of the same
charge. The Town-Council, as some compensation The Town
to Mr. ColviU for his disappointment, ordered 2000
marks of vacant salary to be paid to him ; l and after
the Restoration, when Mr. Leightori accepted of a
Bishopric, they recurred to their original choice, and
appointed Mr. Colvill to succeed him as Principal of
the University of Edinburgh.

The Professorship of Humanity being vacant by the 1653.^

S^ST

M

thirteen

Professor of

promotion of Mr. James Pillans, Mr. John Wishart,

who had taken his degree in the year 1650, under Mr. thirteenth

J

Thomas Crawford, was, on the 9th of March, elected
in his place, probably by the usual number of dele-
gates from the Town-Council, Judges, Advocates, and
Writers to the Signet. The election was confirmed
in a meeting of the Town- Council on the llth of the
same month. 2

No new election of a Hector had been made since
the year 1651, when Mr. Robert Douglas appears for

1 Town-Council Records, February ministers of Perth, 1st of February
23, 1653. [It may be added, that 1655.]
Mr. Colvill was admitted one of the 2 md.

170 HISTORY OF THE

the last time to have been invested with that annual
dignity ; and as the office was still suffered to remain
dormant, the College now consisted of the following
members :

Mr. Robert Leighton, Principal.

Mr. David Dickson, Professor of Divinity.

Mr. James Pillans,

Mr. James Wiseman,

Mr. Thomas Crawford (also

Regents of Philosophy.

Professor of Mathematics),
Mr. Duncan Forrester,

r

Mr. John Wishart, Professor of Humanity.

Mr. Julius Conradus Otto, Professor of Oriental Languages.

Mr. James Nairne, Librarian.

ma. This session was also a short one : for Mr. Forrester's

May. . t '

c l ass ? being the sixty-fifth, and twenty-eight in num-
ber, received the usual degree in the month of May ;
among whom was Mr. Thomas Gibson, an Englishman,
whose name appears in the Graduation Book, subscrib-
ing a particular sponsio, in which he acknowledges his
adherence to the Confession of Faith of the Britannic
churches that is, of the Assembly of Divines at
Westminster renounces Popery and Prelacy, and
promises perpetual affection to the University of Edin-
burgh. 1 This graduation was conducted in a private
manner, in consequence of a petition presented to the
Town-Council by the Magistrates, stating that they
were unable to defray the usual expense attending a

i At this graduation it is probable logicse," which he delivered to the stu-

that Mr. Robert Leighton presided as dents of Divinity as Primarius Theo-

Principal of the College, and then de- logire Professor : printed [as a post-

livered the first of those Pantneses and humous volume] at London in a small

Prayers which are extant in print, and 4to volume in the year 1693.
subjoined to the " Praelectiones Theo-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 171

public graduation ; and also on account of the troubles
of the country. 1

On the 2 7th of the same month, the Council thought 1653.

May 27.

proper that the salary of Mr. David Dickson, Professor e gjjg of

of Divinity, should be augmented from 1600 to 2000
marks, as he was called to discharge also the duty of
a minister of the city. 2

As it was thought expedient this year to summon a
General Assembly of the Church against the 20th of
July, the Town-Council, on the 14th of that month,
held a meeting in the College with the Professors, to
which the Ministers also were summoned, but did not
attend ; when they elected Mr. Leighton to represent
the University in that Assembly. But Mr. Leighton
having gone to England during the vacation, as he
afterwards frequently used to do, the Council gave a
commission to the Professors to choose another
member in his place, but protested, at the same time,
that this should not be considered as giving up their
right to sit and vote at any future election.

At the next meeting of the College in October, after October.

to & Session

the vacation, we find Mr. John Wishart, who had Mr L n L
latelv been elected Professor of Humanity, undertak- ^iffy-first

P

ing the charge of the new Bejan class, instead of Mr. g
Duncan Forrester, who had either died or resigned his
office, 3 and that Mr. William Forbes, a young man who
had taken his degree at the last graduation, was made
Professor of Humanity, in place of Mr. Wishart. Mr. Mr.
Pillans this session had the charge of the Semi, Mr.

1 Town - Ccnmcil Records, May 6, 3 [Forrester resigned on account of
1653. ill-health, 4th of February 1654.

2 Ibid, Town-Council Records.]

1*72 HISTORY OF THE

Wiseman that of the Bachelor, and Mr. Crawford that
of the Magistrand Class.

This last-mentioned class being the sixty-sixth since
^ ne institution of the University, and which had
entered under Mr. Crawford's tuition at Kirkaldy in
the end of the year 1650, when the country was in
great alarm on account of the approach of Cromwell's
army, was graduated this year about the beginning of
May, its number being only seventeen. One more
was added the 1 2th of that month, and another the
4th of July.

^ ^ e P en i n g of a new session in October, a con-
siderable number of young students seern to have
entered to Mr. Crawford's new class, sixty-four names
appearing in the list of those who were matriculated,
and others being afterwards added.

Before the conclusion of the session, the Town
Council, on the 13th of April 1655, appointed that
each student at his entry to the College should contri-
bute a crown, or at the least half-a-crown, for the
benefit of the Library ; and they likewise ordered
particular inquiry to be made concerning the tithes of
the parishes of Currie and Kirkurd, being part of the
revenue of the Archdeaconry of Lothian, formerly
granted to the College. 1

About the month of March or April this year, Mr.
Mi r . -.;! "i'ibra- John Mien was appointed Keeper of the Library in
rfitr. J&M place of Mr. James Nairne. The College mace had

Nairne.

been lent for the use of the public, and being produced
in the Town-Council on the 7th of March, was, on the

1 Town-Council Records.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 173

23d of May, delivered to Mr. Mien the new Librarian,
after being cleaned by John Milne, goldsmith, who
received two dollars for his work. 1

An inventory of the writs belonging to the College
having been made out, the Town-Council ordered it,
on the 23d of May, to be deposited in the Town's
charter-room.

This year Mr. Wiseman's class, being the sixty- ix>5.
seventh, and consisting of thirty-one students, re- JfS^la-
ceived the usual degree on the 23d of May; which was d1J
still considerably sooner than usual, probably owing
to the poverty of the country at this time. 2

On the 23d of January 1656, the Council ordered a
particular account of the mortifications or donations
to the College, and the sums thereof remaining in the
Town's hands, to be inserted in the Council Records of
this date. 3

Soon after the commencement of a new session in October.

Session

October, Mr. Wiseman, to whose charge the new LXXIV
Bejan class had fallen in rotation, died ; while Mr.
Crawford was proceeding with the Semi, Mr. Wishart
with the Bachelor, and Mr. Pillans with the Magis-
trand class.

In consequence of a consultation held on the 5th of

1 Town-Council Records. injuria et infelicitas surripuit, id certe

2 In the fourth of Mr. Leighton's lectione sedula quamprimum subse-
Parseneses or Exhortations which he quutura reparandum erit : sed etiamsi
delivered to the students at their gra- nil tale contigisset adversi, credo vos
duation during the time in which he non ignorare studiorum illorum in
was Principal, allusion is made to the scholis nostris tantum jacta esse funda-
curtailing of the sessions. " Nou est, menta, quibus plures anni et indefati-
ut opinor, quod multis urgeam in- gata industria plenioris eruditionis
dustriam vestram, et assiduum in sedificium superstruant, quod Divini
studiis humanis et philosophicis pro- spiritus accessu Deo in templum con-
gressum : in quibus, si quid de solemn secretur." P. 210.

curriculo Academico, temporum horuni 3 See this document in Appendix.

March

174 HISTORY OF THE

se. March 1656, by a deputation from the Town-Council,

ch 7.

with the Principal and Regents, Mr. William Forbes,
" Professor of Humanity, was elected on the 7th to

elected the J

succeed Mr. Wiseman as Regent of Philosophy, and

in h piace p of y> undertook the charge of the new Bejan class,

Mr. Wiseman. . & J

ing, when matriculated, to the number of sixty-five
students.

April 2. No record of the students of Humanity had been
aSfShthe kept before this time, and therefore their numbers

Humanity

were not known. But it should seem that the utility
of the Professorship of Humanity had begun to be
called in question. For on the 2d of April, the Town-
Council appointed two of their number, John Jossie,
and Thomas Kincaid, to wait on the Judges, Advo
cates, and Writers, to acquaint them with a proposal
to abolish the Humanity class, as prejudicial not only
to the Grammar School, but to the College itself, and
to employ the salary of the office some other way for
the advancement of learning. It is not easy to dis-
^ cover how an institution so apparently useful could
have fallen into such disrepute at this time. The
College of Justice, however, do not seem to have con-
curred with the Town-Council in this opinion, but
took some time to deliberate upon a subject of such
An interim importance. In the meantime, the Council appointed
the C Hu r - a teacher of the name of John Cruickshanks to be

inanity class

Mt master of the Humanity class till the end of the

session.

1656 On the 9th of July, Mr. James Pillans's class, being

i g hth x ciass the sixty-eighth, and twenty-three in number, received

the degree of M.A., without any printed Theses : none,

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 175

at least, for this year are to be found in the collection
preserved in the Library ; nor are there indeed any
such from the year 1650 till the year 1659.

The Professorship of Hebrew having become vacant i65.
by the resignation or death of Julius Conradus Otto,

fessor of

the first Professor, the Town-Council, on the 3d of Sep-
tember, in consequence of a petition of Mr. David Hebrew.
Dickson, Professor of Divinity, and of the students of
Divinity, elected Mr. Alexander Dickson, minister of
Newbattle, to that office, with a salary of 50 sterling
per annum.

At the next meeting of the College in October, Mr. October.
Pillans undertook the care of the new class, the stu-
dents of which, thirty-two in number, were matriculated
on the 2d of November, and subscribed a newsponsio,
by which they bound themselves to remain attached
to the University of Edinburgh, affectionate to one
another, free from all concern in any disorder or tumult,
ready to check every tendency to discord in their
society, not only studious of peace within the Univer-
sity, but of Christian charity everywhere, detesting all
mean conversation and profane licentiousness ; under-
standing this obligation to the practice of wisdom and
religion, as well as affection to the seminary where
they were bred, to extend not only to the whole time
of their course of philosophy, but to the whole course
of their life, and acknowledging that if they were found
violating this solemn oath, they would deserve to be
expelled with disgrace from the University. All this
they promised by the grace of God, and with the divine
assistance, to perform.

176 HISTORY OF THE

1656. In consequence of a consultation held among the
P a trons of the Humanity Professorship, on the 3d of
fifteenth October, the proposal of abolishing it was rejected, and

Professor of J

a comparative trial appointed to take place on the 14th
Forb5! lla a of November, when Mr. James M'Gowan was the suc-
cessful candidate, and was elected by the patrons
accordingly. The students of Humanity who entered
un der his care were the first Humanity class who had
been matriculated ; and they amounted only to the
number of sixteen.

This session Mr. William Forbes proceeded with the
Semi class, Mr. Thomas Crawford with the Bachelor,
and Mr. John Wishart with the Magistrand.

On the 10th of April 1657, John Nicol, servant to
Mr. Leighton, was chosen Janitor, ad vitam aut cvl-
pam, out of respect for the Principal his master. 1
1667. On the 16th of July same year, Mr. Wishart's class,

The sixty- J J

being the sixty-ninth, and thirty-three in number, re-
ceived the usual degree.

The Principal, Mr. Kobert Leighton, being to set out
on a journey to London, the Town-Council, on the 22d
of the same month, appointed a committee of their
number to consult with him about making application
to the Protector for an augmentation of the College
revenue, which the Principal undertook to endeavour
to procure.

Mr. William Forbes, who about the beginning of the
session in October 1653, had been chosen Professor of
Humanity, and afterwards Regent of Philosophy, which
hist office he had held only during two sessions, died

1 Town-Council

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 177

about this time, in whose place the Town- Council,
on the 5th of August, again elected Mr. William
Tweedie, who had already held one of the Professor- i57.

August 5.

ships of Philosophy in the College of Edinburgh, from

the 16th of October 1644 till about the end of th& Mr. wmim

Tweedie re-

year 1647, when he resigned, and accepted of a call to SSSiorof
be minister at Slamannan Muir in the Presbytery of P1
Linlithgow. He had taught with great reputation
first at St. Andrews and afterwards at Edinburgh ; and
his resignation, which seems to have been somewhat
abrupt, disappointed the patrons and the public in
their expectations of his further utility as a Professor.
This appears from the particular conditions agreed
upon when again he accepted of the office, on the
llth of September, which were, that at the end of a
four years' course he should not commence a new one,
without undertaking to finish it, and that he should
give three months' notice before his removal. Mr.
Alexander Dickson, Professor of Hebrew, was the
person pitched upon to go to the Presbytery of Lin-
lithgow, on the 19th, to obtain his detachment from
his ministerial charge.

In October, Mr. John Wishart entered upon a new October.

Session

Bejan class, which, by the matriculation list, appears to
have increased to the number of seventy-four. Mr.
Pillans carried forward the Semi, Mr. William Tweedie
the Bachelor, and the venerable Mr. Thomas Crawford
the Magistrand.

On the 9th of December, Mr. John Stevenson, Dec. 9.
keeper of the Library, who had succeeded Mr. John
Mein in that charge, but at what precise time is un-

M

178 HISTORY OF THE

certain, was ordered to make two catalogues of the
books, one for the Town, and another for the College. 1
I n Ja nuar y 1658, the Bohemian Protest bequeathed
to the CoUege by Dr. William Guild, was received,
and is still preserved in the Library. 2 It was care-
fully sent by Katharine Holland, his widow. 3
May 19. On the 19th of Mav, Mr. John Kniland, who had

Mr. John * .

taken his degree at the preceding graduation, was
elected Librarian, in place of Mr. John Stevenson,
deceased, on condition of his remaining in the office
six years, under the penalty of 1000 marks in case of
his withdrawing before that time. It had, as may be
supposed, been found very inconvenient that the office
had lately passed in rapid succession through so many
hands.

On the 30th of June, certain regulations for bursars
were adopted by the Town-Council, and inserted
in their Records, together with the form of an oath
which they should be required to take for the
future.

" RULES ANENT BURSARS.

" 1. That it be signified by the Regents to all the present bursars
before the ensuing vacance, and be accordingly settled for time to
come, that all that are entered to that benefit be present with the
first after the vacance ended ; and that if any of them shall be
absent at furthest on the 10th of October, without an invincible
necessity, clearly certified, abatement shall be made of - 4 ,
by way of penalty, out of their first quarter's allowance ; and that
on the 15th of October, the examination of the said Bursars shall

1 Town-Council Records. 371 ; and Sliirreffs Life of Guild, p.

i Ibid. 74, and note E ; 2d edit. p. 85, and

See the old Library Catalogues ; note G.

Maitl.-md's Ilistnrx ,,f Kdml.urgh, p. 4 Blank in the original MS.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 179

begin, in order to their testimonials, to be given thereupon, accord-
ing to their deserving, for the continuance or withdrawing of their
respective provisions ; and if any of them shall be absent on the
15th of October, then the abatement for penalty to be . l

" 2. That new entrants that sute for the benefit of a bursary, do
bring with them, or at least before their admission to it, do procure,
a sufficient testimonial of their good behaviour and sufficiency from
the schoolmaster under whom they learned, and from the minister
of the paiish.

" 3. That the said entrants do, after due examination by the
masters of the College, bring from them a testimonial of their quali-
fication and hopefulness, and present it to the Council of Edinburgh,
without which they are not to be admitted to any pension greater or
smaller.

" 4. That they have, each quarter, in order to their receiving the
quarter's due, a line of testimony of their continuing proficiency and
good demeanour, under the hand of the Primar and their own Re-
gent.

" 5. That the testimonials for their first admission to bursaries,
as likewise those renewed after their yearly examinations, be sub-
scribed by the Primar and Regents, or all, or two of them at least,
who, at their first entry to their several places, ought solemnly to
promise to be, to their best discerning, most impartially faithful in
giving of the said testimonials.

" 6. That the testimonials, as much as may be, do particularly
bear the several degrees of the abilities, and whither commendables,
in the students suiting for these places, so as the eminently preg-
nable wits, being withal diligent and of good behaviour, may be
preferred to the best bursaries ; and this more particularly to be
regarded in reference to those six to be provided out of the last
gift.

" 7. That besides the subscribing the form set down in the com-
mon book of matriculation of all students in this College, there may
be a particular form of engagement to obedience and good behaviour,
and what rules [it] shall be thought fit to specify in it, for all the
Bursars to subscribe apart, and that a book be provided for contain-
ing the said form and their subscriptions.

" 8. That if any of them, after better expectation, shall, either
1 Blank in the original MS.

180 HISTORY OF THE

by indiligence and non-proficiency, or by any kind of misdemeanour,
be found at the close of their course unworthy of their degree, the
College do not so much wrong both to the nation and to itself, and
to that degree, as to confer it on them, but according to their de-
merit seclude them from it : which yet will, in a probability, the
more rarely fall out, if the former rules for their first admission and
after continuance be carefully observed.

"9. That whosoever hath taken his degree in this College, and
shall after put in for one of the provisions appropriated to students
in Divinity, it be required of him, besides the common form given
to all that have taken the same degree, to bring a particular testi-
monial from the Primar and Regents of his deserving that favour, as
being of an orderly and grave carriage, and a good proficient in his
bypast studies ; which, if at all, they will then certainly be best able
to give after so long time spent under their discipline, and so many
iterated trials of their sufficiency.

" That some of the ministers be spoke withal, for using the like
cautions and rules in conferring the allowances given to scholars in
this College by the Kirk-Sessions, and that they enact somewhat to
that purpose. Likewise, if there be any others that present to bur-
saries here they be spoke with, or writ to, to the same effect, and
they be desired to return somewhat in writ, testifying their consent
to a course, regular and reasonable, and so much tending to the good
of church and commonwealth, seeing this kind of scholars that need
some help of maintenance, do more generally afterwards apply them-
selves either to the ministry, or other employments, than those who
have larger patrimonies or estates to look to. And these Orders to
be intimated to the College before the time of vacance.

" Follows the Oath or promise of each Bursar, to be administrat
to them at their admission :

" * I, A. B., now admitted a student in the College of Edinburgh,
and to the benefit of a yearly allowance out of the revenues thereof,
do solemnly and sincerely promise, as in the sight of God, that I
will, through the assistance of his grace, endeavour in my whole con-
versation to behave myself suitably, not only to my present station
and the favour conferred on me therein, but, which is much more, to
the high name and calling of a Christian, walking in the fear of God,
neither giving evil example to others nor taking it from them, nor

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 181

familiarly ccmversing with any persons given to cursing or swearing,
or any other vicious practice ; yea, if I know of any such within
this College, I will faithfully delate them : nor will I ever involve
myself in fightings or j airings or classical contentions, or any kind
of factions and disorderly combinements ; yea, upon the first per-
ceivance of any such thing amongst any persons whatsomever under
the discipline of this house, I will forthwith discover [it]. Further,
that I will do my utmost to preserve the fabric of the College from
being wronged, and will be cheerfully ready to do all duties required
of me for the service and good thereof, and obedient to the masters
of it, in whatsoever they shall reasonably command me, white I am
under their charge ; and while I live will bear that grateful affection
and respects I owe to this College, and gladly testify it to my power
upon all occasions. Further, I declare that if, during the time of
my abode in this College, I shall be found disorderly, disobedient, or
my carriage any way dissonant to the above mentioned premises, I
shall justly be accounted to have forfeited in so doing both the
maintenance I enjoy," and whatsoever other favours or privileges I
either have or might have expected in this College.'

" The same rules and promise to be extended, so near as can be,
to the Bursars of Divinity." 1

About the end of the same month, the seventieth 1658
class, consisting of sixty-four students, was brought tieTh 8 cEs

graduated.

by Mr. Thomas Crawford to the usual degree.

Principal Leighton, during his stay in London the A gift of

I" 1-^1 Booster-

former vacation, had found means to obtain for the lin s P er .

annum ob-

College from the Protector a gift of 200 sterling per SX

tcctor

annum out of the Church lands ; and on the 2d of
July he moved, in a meeting of the Town-Council,
that the magistrates, ministers, and masters of the
College should use their endeavours to procure a
locality for that sum. The College-Treasurer was
ordered to pay to Mr. Leighton 1000 marks Scots, for
defraying his expenses to London. 1

1 Town-Council Records, vol. xix. p. 315. Ibid.

182 HISTORY OF THE

At the same meeting the Principal gave in the
following complaint to the Council : 1st, That there
were suspected houses near the College ; particularly
one Mary Kincaid, in the College Wynd, kept an
irregular house. 2dly, That the students were not so
good proficients in Philosophy as could be wished ; of
which the reason was a deficiency in the knowledge
of grammar. The Council proposed that Mr. Thomas
Crawford should prepare new Rudiments, and be re-
warded for his trouble,
ma An Act of Council was passed on the 30th of July

July 30.

SL^X" f r building the Professor of Divinity's house, for
house 1 S be wiiich a large sum had been bequeathed by Mr.
Bartholomew Somerville. It stood very near the
comer of the new College, which is now occupied by
the house for the Principal, and had a good garden
adjoining to it. 1

As it was found difficult to allocate the Protector's
former grant of an annuity of 200, a new signature
was obtained from his Highness, specifying the diffe-
rent lands from which this sum was to be got ; and
it was given in to the Council on the 20th of August. 2
Soon after, viz., upon the 3d of September 1658,
the Protector died of a fever at his palace of White-
hall. During the time of his Protectorate, Scotland
had been governed as a conquered province, but with
great lenity, and the country in general, as well as
the seats of learning in particular, enjoyed considerable

See the old inscription. that the College never obtained any

It is probable, as the Protector's benefit from this graut.
Icatli in happened September thin. year.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 183

tranquillity and prosperity. 1 On his death, Monk,
who had great authority in Scotland, proclaimed
Richard Cromwell, Oliver's son, Protector. But Rich-
ard being without capacity for holding So high and
important an office, was deposed on the 22d of April
in the following year.

On the 15th of October 1658, compeared before the
Town-Council, Mr. Pillans and Mr. W. Tweedie,
Philosophy Regents, with Mr. James M'Gowan,
Humanity Regent, who, on account of the state of
his health, demitted by delivering a pen into the
Provost's hand. The Council of the College was
directed to inquire into his condition, and to report
as to his deserving charity. 2

On the same day, Sir James Stewart, Lord Provost,
John Marjoribanks, and William Reid, Bailies, David
Wilkie, Dean of Guild, William Johnston, Treasurer,
John Jossie, John Lauder, John Milne, and James
Lawson, were named College Council for the ensuing
year. They accepted and took the oath de fideli
administratione ; and the Town-Council appointed
their meeting with the Primar, Professors, Regents,
and Treasurer of the College, to be each first Tuesday
of the month in the afternoon. 3

The cautioners of the deceased Mr. John Johnston,
Librarian, were also appointed to bring in such books
as had not yet been brought in. 4

On the 21st of the same month, offer was made by
the Primar, Mr. Robert Leighton, to preach in the

1 See Hume's History of England, 3 Town-Council Records,
chap. Ixi. 4 Ibid.

2 Town-Council Records.

184 HISTORY OF THE

College hall to the scholars, on the Sabbath-day, once
in two, three, or four weeks, per vices, with the rest
of the Professors. 1

On the 17th of November, report was made to the
Town-Council of a meeting held in the College with
Judge Mosley, Judge Ker, and Alexander Leslie,
Writer to the Signet (Mr. John Nisbet, Advocate,
not having compeared), when they chose Mr. Hugh
Smith Eegent of Humanity in place of Mr. James
M 'Go wan.

On the 30th of the same month, at a meeting of
the Town-Council and Professors held in the College,
they appointed the whole writings and papers belong-
ing to the College to be sought out, put into a chest
or coffer, and deposited in the charter house or clerk's
chamber. 2

On the same day, Mr. Thomas Crawford was ap-
pointed to draw a draught of the great letters to be
put upon the board of the Benefactors. 3

In October, Mr. Thomas Crawford entered upon the
charge of a new and numerous class. In the list of
those matriculated at the beginning and afterwards
there appear 123 names. This probably includes
all who entered during the whole course of four years.
Such as entered after the first year, either coming
from other universities, or found upon examination
qualified for being admitted at an advanced period of
the course, were c;ill-d />< /////' ///ex. Mr. John
Pillans proceeded with the Bachelor, and Mr. William
Tweedie with the Magistrand class, in place of Mr. Wil-

1 Town-Council Records. : /Av. > I'.id.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 185

Ham Forbes, deceased, who had succeeded Mr. James
Wiseman in the charge of the Bejan class in March
1656, but did not survive to see them graduated.

Accordingly, Mr. William Tweedie brought the 1559.
seventy-first class forward to the usual degree of M.A. JJJ^JJ*
upon the 14th of July 1659, their number being gl ' aduated
forty-five. From the printed Theses on this occasion,
it appears that the solemnity was performed in the
Lady Tester's Church ; 1 and the disputation was con-
tinued there from eleven o'clock in the morning
until the evening.

After the usual vacation, the Bejan class was com-
menced in October by Mr. Tweedie, who seems already
to have acquired great reputation ; for the class was
very numerous, the list after the matriculation, which
began on the 13th of October, amounting to 123. Mr.
Crawford proceeded with the Semi, Mr. Wishart with
the Bachelor, and Mr. Pillans with the Magistrand
classes.

This formed the year of the restoration of Mon- NW.
archy to Great Britain. On the 1st of May, General
Monk ventured to announce this event to the Parlia-
ment of England then convened, where the intel-
ligence was received with the loudest acclamations ;
and King Charles the Second having arrived from the
Continent, entered London on the 29th of the same
month. The Eestoration was no less acceptable in
Scotland than it was in England ; and men in both
kingdoms persuaded themselves that the era of pro-
sperity and happiness had now arrived.

1 Lady Tester's Church was built about the year 1654.

CHAPTEE IV.

FROM THE RESTORATION TO THE REVOLUTION IN 1688.

IMO. ON the 19th of July, the seventy-second class, under
tuition of Mr. James Pillans, was, after solemn dis

putation in the Lady Tester's Church, advanced to the
degree of M.A., in number forty-four.

In the following October, Mr. Pillans entered upon
the tuition of a new Bejan class, in number ninety-
four. Mr. Tweedie went forward with the Semi, Mr.
Thomas Crawford with the Bachelor, and Mr. John
Wishart with the Magistrand classes.
mi. The seventy-third class, on the 19th of June, under

The seventy- *

the tuition of Mr. John Wishart, in number fifty,
after solemn disputation in Lady Tester's Church, were
honoured with the usual degree. On this occasion the
printed Theses were dedicated to the Earl of Middleton,
the King's Commissioner to the Scottish Parliament

This year his Majesty was advised to establish Epis-
copacy in Scotland, though evidently contrary to the
inclination of the great body of the people ; and \vlu-n
persons were sought out to be made Bishops, Dr.
Robert Leighton, Principal of the College of Edin-
burgh, being then in London, on his return from Bath,
where he had been for the recovery of his health, was
prevailed on to accept of the See of Dumblaiii 1 . He
was a man of a singularly pious. ;md ivsprrt.-ible char-

HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 187

.acter, very learned and eloquent, and extremely modest.
His character is described in a most favourable manner
by Bishop Burnet (in his History of his Own Time,
Book II.), who knew him well. He excelled particu-
larly in speaking Latin with great fluency and purity,
which fitted him admirably for the public appearances
he had to make as the head of a College. Several of
his prelections to the students of Divinity, as well as
addresses to the candidates at the annual graduations,
which are extant in print, 1 do him great honour. He
presided over the College of Edinburgh with great
prudence and propriety during the greater part of
Cromwell's usurpation, but his acceptance of a Bishop-
ric occasioned a vacancy in this office. The patrons
of the University now reverted to their former choice,
and placed the Eev. Mr. William Colvill at the head
of the College, whom they had formerly elected, but
superseded before he was installed in the office, in order
to make way for Mr. Eobert Leighton, now Bishop of
Dumblane, and afterwards Archbishop of Glasgow.
What was the precise date of Mr. William ColvilTs
admission as Principal of the College I have not been
able to discover, 2 but I find him subscribing the laws
of the public Library, along with the Professors, on the
1 1 th December 1662.

In October, Mr. John Wishart began a new Bejan
class, eighty-four in number, Mr. Pillans now having
the Semi, Mr. Tweedie the Bachelor, and Mr. Thomas
Crawford the Magistrand classes.

1 [See supra, note, p. 170.] Leighton's resignation, 20th March

2 [Colvill was elected 'Principal upon 1662. - Town-Council Records.]

188 HISTORY OF THE

The seventy- On ^ e 1st of August Mr. Thomas Crawford brought
the Magistrand class to the usual degree, forty-four in
number. No printed Theses of this graduation appear.
Probably Mr. Crawford was excused for not having
provided any such on this occasion, on account of his
advanced age and long services in the College. This
was the last set which he saw graduated, for he died
towards the close of this year, 1 after having recently
entered to the charge of the Bejan class in the preced-
ing October. Mr. Hugh Smith, Professor of Humanity,
was the person who succeeded him in the professor-
ship of Philosophy, but not in that of Mathematics,
which Mr. Crawford had likewise held.

On the 29th of October 1662, Mr. Hugh Smith re-
signed his Eegency of Humanity, as he was to enter
upon some other charge ; and on the 1st of December
he was chosen Regent of Philosophy in place of Mr.
Thomas Crawford, deceased. The advice of the Prin
cipal and Professors was taken on this occasion, which
"was unanimous in favour of Mr. Smith. Mr. Crawford
also on his death-bed had recommended him. 2

Mr. Crawford was one of the most laborious, suc-
cessful, and celebrated teachers, who had ever appeared
in this University. He had been, first of all, Professor
of Humanity, which office he obtained after a very
strict comparative trial in the year 1626 ; he held it
only about four years, and then preferred the Kector-
ship of the High School. From this office he was
again translated to the College, and made one of the
Professors of Philosophy in place of Mr. James Wright.

1 [Crawford died "in the moneth, etc. 1662," probably in October. Register
of Confirmed Testaments.] * Town-Council Records.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 189

He was also made public Professor of the Mathematics.
Both these offices he held till the time of his death.
Notwithstanding his great diligence and fidelity in the
discharge of these offices, he found time to draw up a
most distinct account of this University from its first
foundation in 1581 till the year 1646. 1 It is to be
regretted that he did not continue it down to the
Restoration, as the papers now to be found do not
furnish, by any means, such ample materials as he, if
we may judge from what he has written, was pos-
sessed of.

After Mr. Crawford's death, Mr. Hugh Smith, his
successor in the Philosophy professorship, carried for-
ward the Bejan class, the number of which was 102,
Mr. John Wishart the Semi, Mr. James Pillans the
Bachelor, and Mr. William Tweedie the Magistrand
classes.

On the 5th of December 16 6 2, Mr. Patrick Scougall
was chosen Professor of Divinity in place of Mr. David
Dickson, who had resigned.

It does not however appear that Mr. Scougall was
installed; for, on the 22d of January 1664, the Lord
Provost reported in Council that he had written about
Mr. Scougall to the Archbishop of St. Andrews, who
answered, that he had already provided a higher place
in the Church for Mr. Scougall ; 2 and therefore the
Provost appointed the Council to consider of some
other fit person to be Professor of Divinity.

Mr. William Cumming was, by strict comparative
trial, chosen to succeed Mr. Hugh Smith in the Pro-

1 [Crawford's History, or, as the MS. - [Scougall was at this time promoted
calls it, " Memoires," was printed at to the see of Aberdeen.]
Edinburgh, 1808, 8vo.]

190 HISTORY OF THE

fessorship of Humanity on the 16th of February. So
that after the resignation of Mr. Eobert Leighton,
Principal, and the death of Mr. Thomas Crawford,
Professor of Philosophy and of Mathematics, the Col-
lege stood as follows :

Mr. William Colvill, Principal.

( Vacant.) Professor of Divinity.

Mr. Hugh Smith,

Mr. John Wishart,

n/r T TVMI Professors of Philosophy.

Mr. James Pillans,

Mr. William Tweedie,

( Vacant.) Professor of Mathematics,

Mr. Alexander Dickson, Professor of Hebrew.
Mr. William Gumming, Professor of Humanity.

On the 10th of June 1663, Andrew Anderson was
elected Town and College Printer in place of Gideon
Lithgow.

1663 Mr. William Tweedie graduated the seventy-fifth
class on the 27th of July 1663. The meeting was

graduated. *

held in Lady Tester's Church, and the Theses which
were the subjects of the solemn disputation were
dedicated to John, Earl of Rothes, the King's Com-
missioner to the Scots Parliament. The number of
the graduates was seventy-one.

On the llth of September 1663, an Act of Council
was passed declaring the Town's debt due to the
College to be 75,732, 13s. 4d. Scots.

The next Bejan class to which it was Mr. Tweedie's
turn to enter to the charge of, in the following October,
consisted of ninety-two. They were matriculated on
the 14th of next January. Mr. Hugh Smith carried
forward the Semi, Mr. John Wishart the Bachelor, ;ml
Mr. James Pillans the Al;i^i>tnmd classes.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 191

On the 22d of January, the Lord Provost reported 1664.

January 22.

about the vacant Professorship of Divinity, etc. 1 He
said that he had spoken to Mr. Colvill, Principal, who
wished the place to be supplied immediately, and
therefore the Provost recommended to the Magistrates
to consider of fit persons for the charge. On the
same day a meeting was appointed to be held at
the College about making exact catalogues of the
Library.

On the 2 7th of January, Mr. William Keith, minister
at Udney, was chosen Professor of Divinity, in place of
Mr. David Dickson, during the Town's pleasure ; and
on the 29th he appeared in Council and accepted.

On the 29th of January it was ordered, that each
Magistrand should pay four pounds Scots, and each
Bejan 30s. to the Library, instead of a book usually gifted
by each. An alphabetical catalogue was to be com-
pleted ; also a press catalogue to be made ; and another
of all the books as they came in. William Cumming's
salary, as Professor of Humanity, was augmented twenty
pounds Scots. And on the 15th of July Mr. John
Dunlop, present keeper of the Library, by ticket dated
September 4, 1662, granted, that he had received from
Mr. John Kniland, his predecessor, all the books in the
Library. 2

On the 18th of July, Mr. Pillans's class, consisting i 6 64.

... . The seventy-

oi fifty, were graduated, in the usual manner, in
Lady Tester's Church ; and after the vacation he be-
gan the new Bejan class, consisting of ninety-two
students. Mr. William Tweedie having carried on the

1 See above, December 5, 1662. 2 Town-Council Records.

192 HISTORY OF THE

Semi to the time of his death in February 1665, was
succeeded in this charge by Mr. William Gumming,
formerly Professor of Humanity, who now carried on
the Semi class, not far advanced in their logic. Mr.
Hugh Smith carried forward the Bachelor to the end
of the session, and died in August 1665.

On the 24th of August, the alphabetical and press
catalogues were produced by Mr. Pillans and Mr.
Tweedie ; and on the 26th the College Treasurer was
appointed to receive the rents for chambers in the
College, and for the future to make them be paid per
advance. 1

Feb*22 On the 22d of February 1665, Mr. William Gum-
ming, Eegent of Humanity, was elected Eegent of
Philosophy, in place of Mr. William Tweedie, deceased.
On the 1st of March, Sir Andrew Ramsay, Provost,
and John Milne, master mason, were appointed to meet
with the delegates from the College of Justice, to choose
a Professor of Humanity; and on the 10th of the same
month Mr. Andrew Ross was chosen. 2

On the 7th of July, 800 pounds yearly was allowed
to Alexander Dickson, who had been Professor of
Hebrew since September 3, 1656.

The seventy- Mr. John Wishart graduated the Magistrand class,
consisting of sixty-four, at the conclusion of the
session, but no printed Theses appear for this gradua-
tion. He had lately been appointed one of the Com-
missaries of Edinburgh ; and he now resigned his
charge in the College.

On the 16th of August, Mr. George St. Glair 3 was

Town-Council Records. * Ibid. * [Or Sinclair.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 193

elected Eegent of Philosophy in place of Hugh Smith
deceased, and accepted.

In October next, at the meeting of the classes after
the vacation, Mr. Wishart, now a Commissary, at the
request of the Town-Council, Principal, and Eegents,
undertook the charge of the Magistrand class in place
of Mr. Hugh Smith, lately deceased, that the College
might suffer as little as possible from so great a mor-
tality as had lately happened among its Professors.
Mr. Cumming was desired to assemble the new Bejan
class ; Mr. Pillans continued with the Semi ; and Mr.
Andrew Ross, formerly chosen Professor of Humanity,
but now one of the Philosophy Regents, 1 was set over
the Bachelor class, which, having been the Semi the
former session, had been taught with success a part of
the time by Mr. Cumming.

On the 10th of November, the Council agreed that
the Lord Provost, present and to come, should be
always Rector and Governor of the College.

It was also agreed that Mr. William Colvill, Primar,
should be sent for to the Council, and gently reproved
for having given greater importance to the Commis-
sioners from the College of Justice, at the choice of
a Professor of Humanity, than to the Commissioners
from the Town-Council.

On the 6th of December, Thomas Bell was elected
Professor of Humanity.

On the 2d of March, 1666, Mr. William Somerville, woe.
student of Divinity, son of John Somerville, deacon of

1 [Mr. Ross was not promoted to be Notices of Professors of Humanity in
a Regent of Philosophy till the month a subsequent part of this volume.]
of November. See notice of Ross in

N

194 HISTORY OF THE

the Skinners, was chosen Librarian, instead of John
Dunlop, resigned.

On the 13th of July, Mr. William Douglas, Advo-
cate, produced to the Town-Council the Earl of
Teviot's testament, wherein he left 8000 marks, with
interest due to him by the town, to be bestowed for
building chambers in the College.

Mr. Commissary Wishart, who, at the request of
the Council, Principal, and Regents, had resumed his
The ^ 6 enty Professorship, brought the seventy-eighth class, as he
had formerly done the seventy-seventh, to the degree,
but at what precise time does not appear ; nor are
there any printed Theses for this solemnity extant in
the College collection. The number of the graduates
was fifty-six.

At the opening of the College next October, there
being a vacancy in one of the Professorships of Philo-
sophy, in consequence of Mr. Cumming's having, about
the end of June, accepted an invitation from the
Earl of Argyll to undertake the private tuition of his
son, Lord Lorn, Mr. John Wood was chosen by the
Council from the number of five candidates, and
placed over the new Bejan class. As to the Semi and
the Bachelor classes, Mr. Pillans took the charge of
the one, and Commissary Wishart that of the other ;
and Mr. Andrew Ross had that of the Magistrand
class.

On the 9th of October, the Principal ;md Professors
were summoned by the Town-Council to produce a
certificate under the Bishop's hand, that they li.nl
taken the oath of allegiance ami supivin;iry. and sub-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 195

mitted to and owned the Church government estab-
lished by law.

On the same day, compeared Mr. William Keith,
Professor of Divinity, and produced the Bishop's cer-
tificate.

At this time the College stood as follows :

Mr. William Colvill, Principal.

Mr. William Keith, Professor of Divinity.

Mr. James Pillans, \

Mr, John Wishart, (

,, > Regents of Philosophy.

Mr. Andrew Ross, f

Mr. William Gumming,/

Mr. Thomas Bell, Professor of Humanity.

Mr. Alexander Dickson, Professor of Hebrew.

On the 4th of January, 1667, was reported to the
Town-Council a legacy, by Professor William Tweedie,
of 3000 marks to the College. On the same day, the
four Bailies were appointed to go over to the College,
and demand of the Primar and four Eegents of Philo-
sophy, the Bishop's certificate, etc., as above ; and
such as should not produce it were to have their places
declared vacant, and their school-doors shut up.

The seventy-ninth class, which had been first as-
sembled by Mr. Tweedie in the month of October
1663, and which, on his death on the 8th of February
1665, had been carried on by Mr. Cumming to the end
of the session, was entered to, in October that year, by

Mr. Andrew Eoss, who carried the class forward to the The seventy-
ninth Class

llth of July 1667 ; at which time they received the raduated -
degree without any printed Theses, and in the absence
of their own Professor, who had been taken ill of a

1607.

196 HISTORY OF THE

consumption, and died in the succeeding month of
August. The number of graduates was forty-four.

In place of Mr. Koss, who had taught with great
approbation, Mr. William Paterson was called by the
Council from a Professorship in Marischal College,
Aberdeen, and intrusted with the charge of the new
Bejan class, which assembled in October next, 1 and was
very numerous. At the matriculation, on February 5,
1668, it consisted of 106. Mr. John Wood had the
Semi, Mr. James Pillans the Bachelor, and Commis-
sary Wishart the Magistrand classes.

In September 1667, Mr. William Henderson was

chosen Librarian ; and on the 22d of November it

was ordered that no books should be lent out of the

Library without a receipt.

lees. On the last day of April, 1668, the eightieth class,

The eightieth . . ' r

1 " uno * er the tuition of Commissary Wishart, were gra-
duated in the lower hall of the College ; and the
Theses, on this occasion, which are called "Spicilegia
hsec philosophica raptissime congesta," were dedicated
to the Right Hon. Andrew Ramsay, Lord Provost, and
the rest of the Town-Council. The number of the
graduates was sixty-three.

In October, Mr. Wishart entered upon the charge
of a new class, which was very numerous; for when
they were matriculated, on the 8th of February follow-
ing, the list amounted to 122. Mr. William Paterson,
Mr. John Wood, and Mr. James Pillans, proceeded in
their order with the other classes.

1 On the 20th of September, 1667, place of Mr. Andrew Ross, deceased.
Mr. William Paterson from Aberdeen Town-Council Records.
was chosen Regent of Philosophy in

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 197

Upon the 17th of October, the Eev. Mr. William
Colvill, Primar, having called together the Kegents
into the Bibliothec, after he had laid before them the
necessity of a timely reparation of the discipline of the
College, which in some things seemed to come short
of the ancient Statutes appointed at the foundation,
they unanimously concluded upon sixteen Articles;
which, upon the 10th of November, a Council being
holden, were confirmed by the honourable the patrons
of the College.

These Articles are as follows :

" 1 . That whosoever, whether countryman or stranger, should
desire to be admitted into the Semi class, not having somewhere
been a Bejan before, the "Regent of the said class shall not receive
him till first the Primar be acquainted, who is to appoint the Magis-
trand and the Baccalaur Regents to examine him ; and if they find
him to have any competent skill in the Greek language, they are to
signify the same under their hand, or by word, unto the Semi Regent,
who, till then, is declared unfree to receive him into his class. This
Article is to stand in force the four subsequent years ; at [the expira-
tion of] which time the honourable patrons and masters of the College
may either confirm it anew, or change it, as they shall see cause.

"2. That in the winter time, the whole scholars shall convene
eveiy day before seven in the morning in their respective schools ;
the Catalogue immediately after prayer shall be called ; and the ab-
sents shall be noted and fined, or otherwise punished, at the discretion
of the Regent.

"3. That in every class the censor write two doubles of the Cata-
logue, and ascribe to every name the place of residence, that in case
of their absence they may be sought after at their quarters or lodg-
ings ; and that one of these Catalogues be given to the Primar, and
the other to the respective Regent.

" 4. That the Regents in teaching shall follow, as near as can be,
the rules set down in the Statutes, until it seem good unto the visi-
tors appointed by his Majesty, if they see cause, [to appoint] another
method of learning and discipline.

198 HISTORY OF THE

"5. For preventing of tumults at the scholars' entry, that the
Hebdomadar shall be present every day at half an hour past six in the
morning ; at half an hour past nine in the forenoon ; and, upon the
days that the College meets in the afternoon, at half an hour past
one. And if the Hebdomadar have any reasonable business to de-
tain him from the performance of his charge, he shall supply his
place by one of his colleagues.

" 6. That none of the scholars in the morning, or at any other
time, be permitted to stand within the gate, or to play, or to walk in
the higher or lower yard, under the sight of any of the masters.

" 7. That the censors, in their respective classes, observe such as
speak Scots, curse, swear, or have any obscene expressions, that the
Regent may censure them according to the degree of their offence.

" 8. That in the public disputes of the superior with the inferior
class, the superiors shall have the first oration ; and that the subject
matter shall not be an opinion contradictory to the other Regent ;
but for avoiding contradictions in orations, they may use their liberty
of contradiction in the disputes.

" 9. That, before the Laureation, the public Theses to be disputed
shall be revised, and cognosced upon by the whole faculty ; and that
nothing be suffered to be printed in them that is contrary to faith
and good manners.

" 1 0. That the Regents shall study to be as concise and brief in
their dictates as possibly they can, that there may be more time for
examination and dispute ; and that, before the dismission in the fore
or afternoon, a task be prescribed to be got at home ; and that the
next morning the Regent take an account thereof.

"11. That, in teaching a compend of the Metaphysics, the Regents
insist most upon the general part ; and if they teach anything of the
special part, de Hypostasi existentia, etc., they do it with all circum-
spection, retaining the form of sound words, according to the analogy
of faith, and shun such expressions as may seem to favour any heresy
that oppugns the doctrine of the Holy Trinity.

"12. For suppression of tumults, for which the College gets
a bad report, it is ordained, that none of the scholars stand at the
gate, or in the stairs and passages to the classes, and that censors
shall be deputed by the respective Regents who shall delate the
transgressors, and every one of them shall be fined in two shillings
Scots, for the use of the Bibliothec.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 199

" 13. That no scholar be troublesome to another by shouldering
or tossing ; for seeing these are the occasions of fighting, whosoever
shall be found guilty of tossing, for every time he shall be amerced
in four shillings Scots, for the use above mentioned ; and whosoever
shall throw snow balls or cast stones, or use the hand ball, shall be
liable every time for the same fine .

"14. That if any shall strike his neighbour, he shall be chastised
according to the ancient Statutes of the College, according to the
demerit of the fault ; but whosoever shall be head and ringleader
in a tumult, shall be extruded and thrust out of the College with
disgrace and ignominy.

< ; 15. That whatsoever scholar shall be deprehended playing, or
carelessly walking up and down in any of the courts or yards the
time of the meeting in their schools, for every fault he shall be
mulcted in a shilling Scots, for the use foresaid.

"16. That the Janitor at all times, when there is any meeting in
the schools, shall stand punctually by the gate, and shall permit none
of the scholars to go out without an express command from their
proper or respective Regent.

" By the command of the honourable Senate and Patrons of
the College, the right Reverend Primar, and the respective
Professors and Regents, These Articles were written and inserted
in the Register of the College, the last of November 1668,
" By me, W. H., Bibliothecar" 1

As to the Professor of Mathematics, he was appointed
to teach publicly Arithmetic, Geometry, Cosmography,
Astronomy, Optics, upon Tuesdays and Fridays, in the
afternoon from two to three during the winter season,
but after the beginning of March, from three to four ;
all the Regents with their respective scholars being
present ; at least the Hebdomadar must be present
with the scholars.

On the 19th of July 1669, the eighty-first class,

1 [See p. 196 for Henderson's appoint- University of Edinburgh, MS. in Col-
nient as Librarian.] Register of the lege Library, pp. 54-56.

200 HISTORY OF THE

1669. under the tuition of Mr. James Pillans, were graduated

The eighty-

JSdStS. m tne P u klk hall- of the College ; and the Theses were
dedicated to Sir Andrew Eamsay of Abbotshall, Lord
Provost, and the rest of the Town Council. The
number of the graduates was forty-five. In the
ensuing October, the Bejan class was assembled by
Mr. Pillans ; and the number at the matriculation in
the following February was seventy. Mr. Wishart,
Mr. Paterson, and Mr. Wood, proceeded in their order
with the other three classes.

16-0. On the 18th of July 1670, the eighty-second class,
* 53 un( ^ er ^ ne tuition of Mr. John Wood, were graduated

in Lady Tester's Church. The Theses, printed in a
small 8vo form, are dedicated by Mr. Wood in strains
abundantly fulsome to Sir Andrew Eamsay of Abbots-
hall Knight, Lord Provost of Edinburgh, and to his
son, Sir Andrew Eamsay junior, of Waughton, Bass,
etc., Knight Baronet. The number of the graduates
was fifty-three, and four more were privately gra-
duated at different times. In the following October,
the new Bejan class was convened by Mr. Wood, and
forty-three were matriculated on the 9th of February
next. The other classes were conducted in their order
by Mr. Pillans (who matriculated forty-nine super-
venients on the 12th February 1671), Mr. Wishart,
and Mr. Paterson.
i67i. Mr. Paterson graduated the eighty-third class, con-
siting of fifty, on the 17th of July 1671, in Lady
Tester's Church. The Theses were again dedic;ii<l
to Sir Andrew Eamsay, still Lord Provost, and to
the Council. In October, Mr. Paterson assembled

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 201

the new Bejan class, which, at the matriculation in
the ensuing March, consisted of seventy-two. The
other three classes were conducted in their order by
Mr. Wood (who matriculated thirty-six supervenients
in 1672 and 1673), Mr. James Pillans, and Mr. John
Wishart.

On the 27th of January 1672, delegates from the
different Universities of the kingdom met in the
Library of the College of Edinburgh, to deliberate
about the general concerns of the Universities. There
appeared from St. Andrews, Dr. Andrew Bruce ; from
Glasgow, Mr. John Tran ; from Aberdeen, Mr. Alex-
ander Middleton ; and from Edinburgh, Mr. William
Colvill and Mr. William Keith. Mr. Colvill, Primar
of the College of Edinburgh, was chosen Preses, and
Mr. William Henderson, Librarian of the said College,
Clerk. They agreed

1. To petition the Lords of the Privy Council to
grant an Act prohibiting all, but the Professors in the
Universities, to convene and teach the youth in this
kingdom, the languages and philosophy taught in the
Universities.

2. That the said delegates, upon obtaining their
petition, shall then consider of the mode of carrying
it into execution.

3 . That the Committee of the Council for consider-
ing the grievances of the Universities, may report to the
Lords of Council respecting an Act for prohibiting the
several Universities to receive any student coming
from another University, without a certificate from all
the Professors, or at least from the Principal, and

202 HISTORY OF THE

from the particular Master of that College, where he
had formerly studied ; and that the same rule be ob-
served relative to the graduation of any student com-
ing from another College and demanding a degree.

4. That none shall be admitted per saltum to
higher classes without studying the proper time at
those previous in order, except foreign students, who
upon trial shall be found qualified.

At a subsequent meeting of the same delegates, in
the same place, on the 2d of February, Dr. Bruce
reported, that the Privy-Council had granted their
petition, and had passed an Act accordingly. Where-
upon it was resolved :

1. That each delegate should take an extract of the
Act of Council, and have it intimated in the most pub-
lic meeting of their several societies.

2. To advise with their several Universities about
the impropriety of giving the degree to all promiscu-
ously, who have studied philosophy for four years,
whether the candidates deserve honour or not.

3. To advise with their constituents about a unifor-
mity of teaching in all the Universities.

4. To propose that some method may be taken to
prevent the practice of canvassing for scholars to the
several Universities.

5. To consider about the times of convening and dis-
solving the sessions of the Universities, that there may
be a uniformity in these.

6. That the Theses at the graduation be inspected
and approved by the respective faculties ; and that the
Preses of the Faculty shall signify under his ha ml.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 203

that there is nothing in them contrary to the true reli-
gion and good manners, before they be printed.

7. That the meeting of delegates may, for the
future, be on the 2d Tuesday of May, if the Parliament
be then sitting. If otherwise, the next meeting to be
on the first Tuesday of August next, in the same year
1672.

In July, Commissary Wishart brought the eighty- 1072.
fourth class to the usual degree, after solemn disputa-

tion in Lady Tester's Church. The Theses were dedi-
cated in the most flattering terms to the Duke of
Lauderdale, the King's Commissioner for holding the
Parliament ; and the number who took the degree was
fifty-two, fourteen privately, and the others publicly.
In October, Mr. Wishart again undertook the tuition
of a new class, the number of which, at matriculation
on the 18th of March following, was eighty-five. Mr.
Paterson, in the Semi, matriculated thirty-one super-
venients ; Mr. Ward had the Bachelor ; and Mr.
Pillans the Magistrand class.

The eighty-fifth class, under the tuition of Mr. Pil- i 78 .
lans, were graduated, some privately, and forty five
publicly, on the 21st of July 1673, patronized by the
Lords of Session, to whom the Theses were dedicated ;
where it is insinuated, that the former splendour of the
ceremony at the graduation, had been supported by
the countenance and presence of the bench, though, for
some time past, it had suffered a considerable diminution.

In October, Mr. Pillans assembled the new Bejan
class, which amounted, at the matriculation in next
February 25th, to the number of fifty-nine. Mr.

204 HISTORY OF THE

Wishart in the Semi had thirty -two supervenients ;
Mr. Paterson had the Bachelor ; and Mr. John Wood
the Magistrand class.

1674. On the 1 7th of June 16 74, the salary of Mr. William

Henderson, Bibliothecar, was augmented from 400

marks to 600 yearly, in consideration of his great

diligence. 1

The eighty- The eighty-sixth class, under the tuition of Mr.

sixth Class

graduated. Wood, were graduated on the 27th of July in Lady
Tester's Church, in number forty-three. The Theses
are printed in small 8vo, and dedicated to Sir Alex-
ander Fraser, Bart., chief physician to the King.

On the 12th of August, the salary of Alexander
Dickson, Professor of Hebrew, was reduced from 800
marks to 700. And on the 14th, the Council appointed
the College Treasurer to pay to Mr. George Sinclair,
Professor of Mathematics, ten pounds sterling as
the last year's salary, and 100 marks by way of
gratuity. 2

Next October, Mr. Wood commenced the new Bejan
class, thirty-eight in number at the ensuing matricula-
tion in April 1675. Mr. Pillans in the Semi had an
accession of twenty-six supervenients. Commissary
Wishart had the Bachelor, and Mr. William Paterson
the Magistrand class.

This year Mr. James Gregory, a celebrated Professor
of Mathematics at St. Andrews, was called by the
Town-Council to the same profession in this Univer-
sity ; and about the end of November he held his in-
augural oration, in a public meeting of the University,

1 Town Council Records. - 1><<I.

Class

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 205

in presence of the Town-Council and many other illus-
trious and learned hearers.

The eighty-seventh class, under Mr. Paterson, was ws.

* The eighty-

graduated on the 19th of July 1675, after solemn dis-

putation in Lady Tester's Church, the Theses being
dedicated to the Right Honourable James Currie, Lord
Provost, and the other members of the Town-Council,
patrons of the University. The number of the gra-
duates was forty-eight.

In October, as usual, Mr. Paterson, in his turn, as-
sembled the new Bejan class, consisting of eighty-
four at the matriculation on the 24th of March 16*76.
Mr. Wood proceeded with the Semi, having an acces-
sion of seventeen supervenients. Mr. Pillans and Mr.
Wishart in their order had the charge of the Bachelor
and Magistrau d classes.

Upon the death of Mr. Colvill, Principal, the Rev.
Mr. Andrew Cant, minister of the College Kirk, was,
on the 29th of September 1675, unanimously chosen,
by the Town-Council, his successor in that office, with
a salary of 2000 marks, and 1600 marks as minister of
the East Kirk of St. Giles, with the house and yards
of former Principals. He held his public inaugural
oration upon the 15th day of November.

On the 3d of November, upon a petition of Mr. John
Young, student, to the Town-Council, he was allowed
by the Council to teach Mathematics in the College,
and a chamber was given him for that purpose, with
a promise of having granted him a reward or honorary
according to his behaviour. And on the 24th, Mr.
Laurence Charteris was chosen Professor of Divinity,

206 HISTORY OF THE

in place of Dr. William Keith, deceased, with a salary
of 1600 marks and a house in the College. 1

On the 15th of December, the salary of Mr. Alex-
ander Dickson, Professor of Hebrew, was augmented
by the Town-Council to 1000 marks from 700, to
which it had formerly been diminished. 2
1676. On the 26th of January 1676, John Young, teacher
of Mathematics, who had taught for the deceased
James Gregory, was allowed by the Town-Council 300
marks yearly.

The eighty- The eighty-eighth class, under Commissary Wishart,

graduated. W6 re brought to the usual degree, forty-four of them

publicly, and nineteen privately ; but it does not

appear that there were any printed Theses on this

occasion.

In October, Mr. Wishart, still retaining his Profes-
sorship along with his office of Commissary, began the
new Bejan class, in number forty-four at the ensuing
matriculation on the 22d of March. Mr. William
Paterson proceeded with an accession of forty-three
supervenients in the Semi ; Mr. Wood had the
charge of the Bachelor ; and Mr. Pillans that of the
Magistrand class.

On the 10th of November, John Nicol or Nicolson,
was deposed by the Town -Council from his office of
Janitor, for misbehaviour in resisting the Town-officers,
in rescuing some persons taken at a conventicle, and
John Brown, merchant, was elected during his good
behaviour. 1
1*77. On the 28th of May 1677, two Acts of the Secret

Town-Council R<Tord. 2 //,///. 3 fhi.t.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 207

Council were read in the Town-Council ; the one re-
quiring the Professors to take the oath of allegiance
and supremacy, and to own the Episcopal govern-
ment ; and the other ordaining the students to take
these oaths at their laureation.

On the 1st of August, John Young's salary as Pro-
fessor of Mathematics was augmented by the Council
from 300 marks to 400.

Mr. Pillans held the graduation of his class, bein 1577.

& Theeighty-

the eighty-ninth, on the 3d of August, consisting of Jjjg^jjj 1
sixty-five candidates ; l and the Theses were dedicated
to the Duke of Lauderdale, whose power in Scotland
at this time was enormous.

In October, Mr. Pillans entered on the charge of the
new Bejan class, which, at the matriculation in the
ensuing March, consisted only of thirty-five. Mr.
Wishart in the jSerni had an accession of forty-two
supervenients ; Mr. Paterson proceeded with the
Bachelor class ; and Mr. Wood had the charge of the
Magistrand.

The ninetieth class, under the tuition of Mr. Wood, i67s.

The ninetieth

were all graduated privately, 16/8, at different times,
being only fourteen in number. 2

These four Professors of Philosophy, Mr. Pillans,
Mr. Wishart, Mr. Paterson, and Mr. Wood, had now

1 [The Theses, as \ve learn from the of them by the act of the Privy Council
printed copy, were to be disputed on just referred to, and therefore did not
the 3d of August, and the number of get their degree. The number who
the names of the candidates for the de- graduated was only twenty-three, and
gree of Master of Arts, appended to the all these were graduated privately, ex-
Theses, is sixty-five. But there was no cept three, who got their degree pub-
public laureatiou this year. The great licly in Mr. William Paterson's class-
majority of the students, it would ap- room, August 5, 1679. Record of
pear, refused to take the oaths, and Laureations.]
come under the engagement required 2 [g e e preceding note.]

208 HISTORY OF THE

been colleagues without interruption since the year
1667, during ten years.

In October 16*78, Mr. Wood entered again upon the
charge of the new Bejan class, but died on the 22d
1079 . of March following. Upon which Mr. Gilbert M'Murdo,
Professor of Humanity, was chosen in his place, upon
the recommendation of his colleagues, on the 2d of
April, and proceeded with this new class in the study
of the Greek, which they had lately begun. They
were matriculated May 1, 1679, in number fifty- seven.
In Mr. M'Murdo's place, as Professor of Humanity, Mr.
Alexander Cunningham was chosen by comparative
trial upon the 14th of the same month.

Mr. James Pillans had now the charge of the Semi
class, with fifteen supervenients ; Mr. John Wishart
that of the Bachelor ; and Mr. William Paterson that
of the Magistrand class. .

On the 16th of April 1679, Alexander Amedeus,
a Florentine, was chosen Professor of Hebrew for a
year, with a salary of 600 marks Scots, in place of Mr.
Alexander Dickson, who had not given satisfaction to
his Majesty's Privy Council as to the engagement. 1
The ninety- The ninety-first class, under the tuition of Mr.

first Class f

William Paterson, were graduated on the 5th of August
in the public hall of the University. The Theses
were dedicated to the Earl of Moray ; and the number

1 Town-Council Records. See Wod- government of the church by Arch-
row's History, vol. ii. p. 3 [new edit. bishops, as then established. 11<-
vol. iii. p. 3], about the Professors was the only one of the Professors
taking oaths. [Dickson refused to of the College of Edinburgh who re-
subscribe the oaths of allegiance and fused to do so. He was deprived of
supremacy, and an engagement that his diair by the orders of the Privy-
he would submit to and own tlif

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 209

of graduates was thirty-seven. 1 In a note at the be-
ginning of the printed Theses, it is said, that about
sixty more students, who had attended this class
during the whole course of four years, were not
inserted in the list, as they were not to be present
at the graduation.

Mr. William Paterson resigned his office in the
College upon being made Clerk to the Privy-Council,
and in his place was chosen, September 19, 1679, Mr.
Andrew Massie, formerly a Professor in King's Col-
lege, Aberdeen, who accordingly entered to the charge
of the new Bejan class, of which the number, at the
matriculation in April following, was fifty-three. Mr.
Gilbert M'Murdo had the Semi class, with an accession
of thirty supervenients, matriculated also in April.
Mr. Pillans had the Bachelor, and Commissary Wishart
the Magistrand.

The ninety-second class, under the charge of Mr. leso.

* The ninety-

Wishart, were brought to the usual period of graduation
by him, in number thirty-nine, but the greater part
of them were graduated privately at different times ;
and the Commissary at last finally resigned his Pro-
fessorship on the 14th of July 1680. 2 When he had
been requested to retain his office in the College, a
good many years before, the Principal indulged him
with license of absence for certain hours, when his
attendance was necessary in the Commissary Court.

1 [The iramber of candidates for the Of this number, for the reason assigned

degree of Master of Arts prefixed to the in note, p. 207, only thirty-seven ob-

printed Theses is fifty-eight. The class, tained the degree of Master of Arts.]
then, including the sixty mentioned in 2 Town-Council Records,
the next sentence, amounted to 118.

210 HISTORY OF THE

In place of Mr. Wishart was chosen by the patrons,
on the same 14th of July, Mr. Alexander Cockburn,
formerly a Professor in St. Leonard's College, St.
Andrews, who undertook the charge of the new Bejan
class ; which, being matriculated in May 1681, was in
number fifty -one. Mr. Andrew Massie had the charge
of the Semi class, with the accession of fifty-six super-
venients, matriculated May 6th. Mr. M'Murdo had
the charge of the Bachelors, and Mr. Pillans that of
the Magistrand class.

In December 1680, the students issued the follow-
ing advertisement for burning the Pope in efiigy :

"AN ADVERTISEMENT.

" These are to give notice to all Noblemen, Gentlemen, Citizens,
and others, That We, the STUDENTS in the ROYAL UNIVERSITY of
EDINBURGH (to show our Detestation and Abhorrence of the Romish
Religion, and Our Zeal and Fervency for the PROTESTANT), Do
Resolve to Bum the Effigies of ANTICHRIST, the POPE of ROME, at
the Mercat-Cross of Edinburgh, the 25 of December Instant, pre-
cisely at Twelve a-Clock in the Forenoon, (being the Festival of our
SAVIOUR'S Nativity) : And since we hate Tumults, as we do Super-
stition, we do hereby (under the Pain of Death) Discharge all
Plunderers, Robbers, Thieves, Whores, and Bawds, to come within
40 Paces of Our Company, and such as shall be found disobedient
to these Our Commands, Sibi Gaveant.

"By Our Special Command, ROBERT BROWN, Secretary
of State to all Our Theatrical and Extra-literal
Divertisements." 1

isi On the 23d of February, the Kegents being con-

1 Printed copy inserted in a volume Wodrow's History, vol. ii. p. 217.

of Theses, large folio, belonging to the See also the Act of Privy-Council passed

University of Edinburgh. See about in consequence of this. Ibid. Appen-

the students burning the Pope in effigy, dix, No. 72.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 211

vened before the Town-Council, intimation was made
to them, that they were to take security from each of
the students in their several classes, and from their
parents (as is prescribed by the Act of his Majesty's
Privy-Council) ; and that the bonds and engagements
of the youths were to be inserted in a book, and sub-
scribed by them and their cautioners, before two
witnesses, to be kept in the Library by the Librarian,
to be seen by his Majesty's Privy-Council, etc.

On the 20th of April, Mr. James Pillans, Regent of
Philosophy, being now very old, and having been Pro-
fessor thirty-seven years, resigned his office in favour
of his son-in-law, Mr. Robert Lidderdale, governor to
the Laird of Dalmeny, who was chosen in his place. 1

On the 30th of September, Mr. Alexander Douglas,
student of Theology, was elected Professor of Hebrew,
in consequence of the removal of Alexander Amedeus,
late Professor thereof, his salary to be 600 marks. 2

The ninety-third class, under the charge of Mr.

J

Pillans, were, after solemn disputation, brought to the
usual degree, in number thirty-one. 3 The Theses on
this occasion were dedicated to James Duke of Al-
bany and York, etc., afterwards James the Seventh of
Scotland and Second of Great Britain.

In October ensuing, Mr. Robert Lidderdale, under-
took the charge of the new Bejan class, and on the
18th of April 1682, matriculated fifty students. Mr.
Alexander Cockburn proceeded with the Semi, having

1 Town-Council Eecords. Theses is thirty-one. The number

2 Ibid. who were graduated was twenty-three ;
s [The names of the candidates for and these obtained their degree at

the degree appended to the printed different times. Book of Laureations.]

1681.
ninet
third Class

212 HISTORY OF THE

got an accession of thirty-two supervenients. Mr.
Massie had the charge of the Bachelor, and Mr. M'Murdo
that of the Magistrand.
1682. The ninety-fourth class, under the tuition of Mr.

The ninety- J

ESteST Gilbert M'Murdo, were brought to the usual time for
graduation; but, though there were printed Theses,
with fifty-two names annexed, prepared for this cere-
mony, all the candidates seem to have received the
degree privately. 1

In October, Mr. M'Murdo in course entered to the
charge of the Bejan class, which, at the matriculation,
amounted to fifty-seven in number. Mr. Eobert
Lidderdale now had the charge of the Semi, with
thirty-two supervenients ; Mr. Alexander Cockburn
that of the Bachelor ; and Mr. Andrew Massie that
of the Magistrand.
less. The ninety-fifth class, under the tuition of Mr.

The ninety-

Andrew Massie, were brought to the usual time of
graduation ; and a printed copy of Theses, dedicated
to the Earl of Aberdeen, Chancellor of the kingdom,
was prepared on this occasion, with the names of
eighty-eight candidates. But the graduation seems
to have been performed in private, at different times.
On and before the 25th of April, ten appear to have
taken the degree, after signing the usual Sponsio ;
after which, there is inserted in the graduation-book
at full length, the oath of allegiance to King Charles
the Second, which is subscribed by about twenty-two,
all graduating privately, at different times, from July

1 [Of the fifty-two candidates whose only twenty-two obtained their degree,
names appear in the printed Theses, See note,'p. 207.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 213

20, 1683, to March 28, 1689 j 1 and among them Mr.
David Gregory, Professor of Mathematics, and Mr.
Eobert Henderson, afterwards Librarian.

This year Mr. David Gregory entered upon the
profession of Mathematics, with an inaugural oration
" De Analyseos Geometricae progressu et incremento,"
as successor to his late uncle Mr. James Gregory,
who had died, very much regretted, in the year 1675.
He was chosen Professor of Mathematics, on the
17th of October. His salary was 1000 pounds.
Young seems never to have been Professor, but only
teacher authorized by the Town-Council.

Oh the 26th of October the Eev. Primar and
remanent Professors being met in the Bibliothec, for
divers weighty reasons, unanimously consented and
agreed to alter the diet appointed to Mr. James
Gregory (See October 17, 1668), and ordained that
Mr. David Gregory, Professor of Mathematics, should
read publicly twice a week in the common schools
of the College, viz., betwixt the hours of ten and
eleven in the forenoon on Monday and Friday, and
that from the 1st of December to the last of May each
year ; and ordained that all the students in the said
College, together with the Masters, at least the Heb-
domadar for the time, should be present at the said
lessons. 2

In the beginning of December, Dr. John Strachan
was elected Professor of Divinity, in place of the late
Mr. Laurence Charteris.

i [Thus only thirty-two of the eighty- ~ Register of the University of Edin-
eight candidates for the degree of burgh, MS. in College Library, p. 59.
Master of Arts obtained that honour.]

214 HISTORY OF THE

In October, Mr. Andrew Massie began a new course
with the Bejan class, in number forty-nine. And Mr.
Gilbert M'Murdo, who had begun the session with the
charge of the Semi class, having died in the month
1684. of December, Mr. Herbert Kennedy, January 2, 1684,
was elected in his place ; but whether by comparative
trial or not does not appear. Of this class the super-
venients were twenty-five. Mr. Lidderdale proceeded
with the Bachelor, and Mr. Alexander Cockburn with
the Magistrand.

On the 21st of March 1684, the salary of Mr. Alex-
ander Douglas, Professor of Hebrew, was augmented
from 600 marks to 1000.

The ninety- The ninety-sixth class, under Mr. Alexander Cock-
sixth Class .

graduated. l) Urn ^ were brought to the usual period for graduation.
In the printed Theses, dedicated to the Marquis of
Queensberry, Lord Treasurer, there are inserted the
names of fifty-one candidates ; but by the graduation
book only thirty-two seem to have graduated, and
subscribed the oath of allegiance, several of them pri-
vately. 1

In October, Mr. Cockburn entered upon the charge
of the new class, which, when matriculated in March,
amounted to the number of fifty-six ; Mr. Andrew
Massie, in the Semi, had thirty-five supervenients ;
Mr. Herbert Kennedy had the charge of the Bachelor ;
and Mr. Robert Lidderdale that of the Magistrand.

On the 21st of November, Mr. Robert Henderson
was admitted Librarian, probably conjunctly with Mr.
William Henderson.

i [See note, p. 20?.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 215

On the 6th of February 1685, died King Charles
the Second, and was succeeded by his brother, now
James the Second, of Great Britain, a prince who,
by his bigotry and arbitrary principles, soon after for-
feited the throne. The Colleges, not only in England,
but also in Scotland, felt their share of his tyrannical
influence.

Upon a letter from the Earl of Perth, who was
Chancellor, the Town-Council installed Sir Kobert
Sibbald, Doctor of Physic, in the College, on the 27th
of March this year ; and, on the 1 6th of September
following, James Halket and Archibald Pitcairn, Doc-
tors of Physic, were called also by the Council to be
Professors of Medicine, that they might unite their
endeavours with Sir Kobert Sibbald in teaching that
science in this University. They had no salary, nor
does it appear that they were ever anything but
nominal professors. Their efforts, if they ever made
any, for founding a medical school, proved unsuccessful.
That honour was reserved to others at a later period.

Sir Eobert, " who had," says Bishop Burnet, 1 " lived
in a course of philosophical virtue, but in great doubts
as to revealed religion, was prevailed on by the Earl
of Perth to turn Papist, in hopes to find that certainty
among them which he could not arrive at upon his
own principles." This conversion did not happen till
the year 1686. Sibbald, ashamed of his turning
Catholic, went some time out of the way, and then
returned and recanted. 2

1 History of his own Time, folio edit. History of Ins own Time, vol. i. p. 680,
vol. i. p. 680. fol. ; and FountainhalTs Decisions,

2 See Sibbald's recantation in Burnet's vol. i. p. 415.

216 HISTORY OF THE

^ ne ninety-seventh class, under the tuition of Mr.
Robert Lidderdale, was brought to the usual time of

duated.

graduation in 1685. In the printed Theses prepared
on this occasion, and dedicated to the Duke of
Queensberry, the King's Commissioner, there is a list
of fifty students ; but from the Graduation-book, in
which the oath of allegiance to James the Second is
inserted at full length, it does not appear that more
than twenty-two took the degree and subscribed the
oaths, and that, too, at different times and privately.

The College, soon after its meeting in October, sus-
tained a great loss by the death of Mr. Andrew Cant,
the Principal, which happened on the 4th of December.
In his place was elected, on the 9th of the same
month, Dr. Alexander Monro, Professor of Divinity in
the University of St. Andrews, a respectable man, but
attached to Episcopacy. He was to have for salary
2000 marks as Principal, and 1600 marks as Minister
of the High Kirk. 1

Mr. Lidderdale, who had begun the Bejan class this
year at the usual time, matriculated only twenty -nine
students on the 7th of April following ; Mr. Cockburn
went on in the Semi with the accession of thirty-two
supervenients ; Mr. Massie with the Bachelor ; and
Mr. Herbert Kennedy had the charge of the Magis-
trand class.

On the 31st of March 1686, the Bishop of Edin-
burgh, Mr. John Paterson, procured himself to be
created Chancellor of the College of Edinburgh, by a
gift from the King ; which he endeavoured, but

1 Town-Council Records.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 217

without success, to get ratified in Parliament, June
15, 1686. 1

The ninety-eighth class, under the care of Mr. Her- iss.

J t Theninety-

bert Kennedy, finished their fourth course in 1 6 8 6 ;
and twenty-four out of the fifty, the number which
appears in the printed Theses, were graduated privately
at different times. 2

Mr. Kennedy, in October, entered to the charge of
the new Bejan class, which, at the matriculation, the
9th of the following March, consisted of seventy-four.

Mr. Robert Lidderdale having died in October, Mr.
Thomas Burnet, formerly a Professor in Marischal
College, Aberdeen, was chosen by the Council, on
the 15th of that month, to succeed him, and under-
took the charge of the Semi class. This Professor
was recommended to the patrons by the Earl of
Perth, Chancellor, who was a Roman Catholic. Mr.
Burnet had distinguished himself the preceding summer
by publishing printed Theses, and dedicating them
to the Duke of Gordon, in which he asserted the
King's absolute power ; 3 and the Magistrates of Edin-
burgh, Sir Thomas Kennedy being Provost, honoured
him with their presence at his introduction into their
College. 4 He was suspected of being friendly to
Popery ; for which reason most of the parents of the
students that were to enter to the second class, which
w r as to be under his charge, were disposed to send
them back to the first or Bejan class. But Dr. Monro,

1 See Fountainhall's Decisions, vol. i. May 26, 1686. See about Burnet's
pp. 412, 418. Theses, Ibid. vol. i. p. 415.

2 [See Catalogue of the Edinburgh 4 Fountainhall's Decisions, vol. i.
Graduates, p. 128.] p. 425.

218 HISTORY OF THE

the Principal, supposing the suspicion against Mr.
Burnet to be a calumny, got the Senatus Academicus
to pass an act that all the students formerly under
Mr. Lidderdale should enter under Mr. Burnet, other-
wise the College would have been in hazard of want-
ing an entire class ; and by the exertions chiefly of
the Principal, who in particular prevailed with Bailie
Graham to send his son to the second class, even after
he had entered to the first, Mr. Burnet had twenty
supervenients in his class. 1 Mr. Alexander Cockburn
proceeded with the third class, and Mr. Andrew Massie
with the Magistrand.

The King had lately granted a commission to fifty
persons, of whom Sir George Lockhart 2 was to be the
president, to visit all the schools and colleges in the
kingdom ; and the members held their first meeting on
the 18th of January 1687. It was then thought that
the intention was to examine into the foundations of
all the colleges, and to place only such persons in them
as were agreeable to the King's system of religion
and government. 3 This is the very year in which the
arbitrary and well-known attempt was made on
Magdalen College, Oxford. 4

A sub-committee of the new Commission for Visita-
tion met on the 26th of February, and drew up three
overtures to be presented to the Court to be passed
into Acts. 1st, That in their Ethic Dictates the
Regents should instruct the youth in the unlawfulness

i See Presbyterian Inquisition, pp. 27, Fountainhall's Decisions, vol. i.
30, etc. p. 144.

4 Hume's History of Kngland, JaiiK->
1 [President of the Court of Session. 1 n. chap. Ixx.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 219

of defensive arms and resistance to the King. 2d,
That the Kegents in all time coming are to be un-
married persons, seeing by the foundations of our
colleges in times of Popery they were designed for
Churchmen ; and it was a rule and Statute then that
they should be unmarried. 3d, That no Kegent stay
above eight years in the University. The last two
were to begin at Michaelmas 1688 ; and it was doubted
if they were to extend to Bursars and Professors.

There was a bill given in by the College of Edin-
burgh against these overtures, which put a stop to
them. 1 This society then acted with great spirit, and
in a manner which did them great honour.

About this time the University of St. Andrews gave
in a paper to the Commission of Visitation, containing
a " Method of Teaching," drawn up with considerable
ability and precision, which, as it will show the notions
on that subject then entertained, is here inserted from
a copy preserved in the College Library.

" ANENT THE SUBJECT AND METHOD OF TEACHING.

" 1. That, betwixt the day on which the College Table is taken up
and that appointed for beginning the next task of that year, these of
the first class be exercised in the review of the Latin, by the explain-
ing the authors, and making versions. The rest of the year [to] be
chiefly employed in the study of the Greek language, with the practical
Arithmetic ; which may be taught by a short lesson in the day, for the
two or three last months of that year, and that rather by frequent
practices and examples than often repeated rules ; and towards the
end of this year, they may also be begun to something of the ele-
ments of Geometry, according as their master finds their capacity
will allow.

"2. That, the second year, they be taught a clear and short course
1 Fountainhall's Decisions, vol. i. p. 551.

220 HISTORY OF THE

of Logics, for explaining the nature and most observable properties of
our cogitations ; the ordinary defects and errors of them ; with their
remedies ; and particularly the art of reasoning. That, by the time
they come to this last part of the Logic course, they be begun, and
thence go forward in the elements of Geometry, which, in effect, is
true and useful Logic ; and from them is secretly understood the
principals and the errors of reasoning. After the Logics, if they be
sufficiently short, there will be time for that part of the Metaphysics
which have a near affinity with them, viz., the Scholastic explana-
tions of, and disputes about the notion and properties of being, and
these common terms of Essence, Existence, Possibility and Impossi-
bility, Relation, Causality, etc., which frequently occur in the
Scholastic Philosophy and Divinity ; and therefore something of
them may be known.

" 3. These of the third year be taught the other part of the
Metaphysics concerning the nature and properties of spirits, their
distinction from matter, the demonstration of the existence of a
Deity, etc. ; for which there is sufficient ground and assistance from
what is written in the Meditations of Des Cartes, and the disputes
and observations of himself and others thereupon : after that, a short
course of Ethics, purged from the Scholastic and Theologic disputes,
which are ordinary to be found in these tractates, and reduced from
the common principles of natural reason, the nature of human
society, the common passions, humours and inclination of mankind,
and what experience and observation afford for rectifying the
errors of these ; wherein must not be omitted to explain the nature
of civil government, the absolute and illimited power of the Supreme
Magistrate, and the universal obligation of subjects to obey, and
never to resist, his authority. And that, with these short tractates
of Metaphysics and Ethics, be completed the elements of Geometry,
together with some practices of the Geometry ; which may either be
delivered to the students once a week, according to the propositions
on which they depend. And this, besides that it would gain time,
would also render the speculations more pleasant, and the practices
more easy and obvious to the discretion of the master considering
the fitness of opportunity, and his scholars' capacity and encourage-
ment : for these Geometrical practices they must necessarily under-
.st.-uid the plain Trigonometry, which can IKJ easily taught them in a
ti-w (lays.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 221

" Likewise, if they have timeously begun, and successfully advanced
in, the Geometry the second year, so that there be little left to be
completed in the third, that the rest they be taught, as much as can
be, of the Physics ; for which the Geometry will very much qualify
and fit them.

" 4. That, the fourth year, they be taught the rest of the Physics,
the history of nature and experiments, together with the Cosmo-
graphy, Optics, Spherical Trigonometry, and as much of the
Mechanics as the time prescribed for their stay that year will allow :
And, as to the Mathematics, it is not doubted, that those who in the
first two years have got some knowledge of the principles, and see
the usefulness, necessity, and pleasure of that science, will apply
also themselves to the public professor of it, for making greater pro-
gress than is possible in their private schools.

" 5. Because the Greek being a most useful and necessary lan-
guage, and for that reason made the great part of the first year's task,
while as more time is truly required for any perfection in it ; never-
theless, it being generally neglected, throughout the rest of the time
of students being at the Colleges, and consequently, what once they
learned becomes either entirely forgot or of little purpose ; therefore,
throughout the whole three last years, there be a weekly task in the
said language, viz., betwixt Friday's night and Monday's morning
the master prescribe a portion of some Greek author ; and, if that
be a poet, they shall translate and explain it ; if a historian, they
shall translate, explain, and give a rational account of that part of
the history without book.

" 6. That, for the remembrance and improvement of the Latin
language, the several masters appoint frequently, throughout the
whole years, solemn exercises and declamations in their private
schools; and this may be done, sometimes, by prescribing to them some
of the shortest and most obvious of Cicero's orations, some of these
inserted in the histories of Titus Livius, Salust, and other Roman
authors, making the students to understand the purpose and humour
of such discourse, and causing them to pronounce and declaim them
accordingly ; sometimes by prescribing them subjects or orations of
their own composition ; and sometimes also appointing them to make
orations and discourses in English upon subjects appointed to them,
seeing it is not probable that ever they will understand the pro-
perties and elegancies of any other language, who are not acquainted

222 HISTORY OF THE

with the rhetoric and composure of their own. The fittest time for
these exercises seems to be on the Tuesdays or Thursdays between
five and six o'clock at night.

" 7. That, since these private declamations do considerably qualify
for more public appearances, therefore there be every Saturday, im-
mediately after divine service in the common schools, some public
declamations at which all students and masters within the College
shall be present. And these orations to [be] either by the superior
class in the College for the time, and when the exercise has gone
through them, that successively it be performed by the next superior
class in order ; or that all the three superior classes shall be concerned,
one out of every one of them, each Saturday. Likewise, every one
who thus publicly declaims shall have a copy of his oration in a fair
and legible hand ; which, after he hath recited, he shall deliver to the
Provost or Principal of the College, and, in his necessary absence,
to the senior Regent present ; that, after a review of his discourse,
he may, some day in the following week, receive censure or com-
mendation, according as the Principal and Regents shall find he
deserves.

"8. That in these actions there shall be no reflection, directly
nor indirectly, upon any master, professor, class, or student in the
College or University, and that they who transgress in this be excm-
plarily punished.

" 9. That the examinations in the end of the year (as presently
in use) be continued, and exactly performed ; and, for that end, every
master, whose scholars are beginning to be examined, shall give in
to the Examinators a clear and an exact account of the several
things he hath taught and accomplished that year, according to the
orders and method prescribed ; and that these shall be the rule ami
measure for the method and order of examination.

" 1 0. Likewise, to secure the diligence of students in the vacance,
they shall undergo examination, at their return in the beginning of
the year, by the Masters in the respective Colleges ; and lest these
examinations should turn into a bare custom and form, those who
are found insufficient by trial at these occasions, or who shall absent
themselves from them, without giving sufficient satisfaction or excuse,
shall either be excluded from the degree and honour usual to be
conferred on the superior class, or from further progress in the course
of his studies in the College, or undergo such censure as the Faculty

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 223

he studies in shall think fit, in consideration of his own quality, and
that his defect and fault.

" Given in by the Masters of the University of St. Andrews
" to the Lords of the Visitation. Anno 1687." 1

The ninety-ninth class, under the charge of Mr. 1687.

J f The ninety-

Andrew Massie, having finished their fourth course, gSdufteT

out of seventy-five candidates who appear in the list in
the printed Theses, dedicated to Sir Thomas Kennedy,
Lord Provost, and the rest of the Council, fifteen were
graduated privately at different times, and twenty-two
publicly on the 9th of July 1687. 2 The Sponsio sub-
scribed on this occasion is more general and short;
and Dr. Monro, the Principal, was himself suspected
of favouring the King's religion, from the circumstance
that the candidates were required to promise perse-
verance in the Christian Religion, with the omission
of the word reformed. In this way the oath appears
in the Graduation-book in the years 1687 and 1688.

Mr. Andrew Massie, in October 1687, entered upon
the charge of the new Bejan class, amounting, at the
matriculation the succeeding March, to sixty -nine.
Mr. Kennedy had the Semi, with twenty-nine Super-
venients ; Mr. Thomas Burnet the Bachelor ; and Mr.
Alexander Cockburn the Magistrand.

The hundredth class, under the tuition of Mr. Alex- i 6 88.
ander Cockburn, having finished their course of four ^edthcias

graduated.

years, there were seventy-one candidates for the degree ;

1 MS. Papers illustrative of the his- on Monday the llth of July, when those
tory and constitution of the Univer- who had been graduated on Saturday
sity of Edinburgh in College Library, the 9th, subscribed their names.
No. ii. p. 161. Book of Laxireations.]

2 [Other two were graduated publicly

224 HISTORY OF THE

of whom seven received it privately at different times,
and thirty -three publicly on the 9th of July 1688.
The Theses were dedicated to the Right Honourable
Magnus Prince, Lord Provost, and the rest of the
Council.

About this time the King granted a signature
of confirmation to the University of Edinburgh ; in
which, among other things, Sir Magnus Prince, Lord
Provost of Edinburgh, with his successors in office,
were appointed perpetual Chancellors, a dignity which
was understood to be already vested in the Lord
Provost ; but the Revolution intervened before this
deed was ratified in Parliament. A copy of it is
preserved in the College Library.

The College having met again in October, the charge
of the new Bejan class fell to Mr. Alexander Cockburn ;
but he having died on the 12th of February 1689,
Mr. Alexander Cunningham, Professor of Humanity,
was chosen, on the 15th of that month, to succeed
him. And in place of Mr. Cunningham, Mr. John
Drummond, an Episcopal, was chosen Professor of
Humanity on the 20th of the same month; but it
does not appear that any comparative trial was held
on this occasion.

The end of the year 1688 is famous in the history
of Great Britain for the Revolution, in consequence
of the abdication of the throne by James the Second,
which his bigotry and arbitrary principles rendered
him unworthy any longer to fill. This event may
be considered as having taken place on the 23d of
December ; and aoon after, the Prince of Orange

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 225

with Mary his Consort, were proclaimed King and
Queen of England. A Convention of Estates, begun
and held in Edinburgh, on the 14th of March,
resolved to offer the Crown of Scotland to the same
Prince and Princess upon certain conditions, which
were soon accepted ; and in the meantime William and
Mary were also proclaimed King and Queen of Scot-
land. This Convention was afterwards converted into
a Parliament ; which, among other Acts, passed one
appointing a visitation of Schools, Colleges, and Uni-
versities, being chap, xvii., 1st Parliament of William
and Mary, held at Edinburgh, 25th of April 1690.
This produced some important changes in the College
of Edinburgh, which shall be mentioned by and by.

In the meantime, Mr. Massie proceeded with the
Semi class, with an accession of twelve supervenients ;
Mr. Kennedy had the charge of the Bachelors ; and
Thomas Burnet that of the Magistrands.

CHAPTER V.

FROM THE REVOLUTION TO THE NEW REGULATIONS RESPECTING
THE REGENTS OF PHILOSOPHY IN 1708.

AT the Revolution the Senatus Academicus con-
sisted of the following members :

Dr. Alexander Monro, Principal.

Dr. John Strachan, Professor of Divinity.

Mr. Alexander Cunningham,

Mr. Andrew Massie,
Mr. Herbert Kennedy,

Regents or Professors of
Philosophy.

Mr. Thomas Burnet,
Mr. David Gregory, Professor of Mathematics.
Mr. John Drummond, Professor of Humanity.
Mr. Alexander Douglas, Professor of Hebrew.
Mr. Robert Henderson (probably joint with William), Librarian
and Secretary.

1689. The one-hundred-and-first class, under the tuition
flIS d cias8 nd f Mr. Thomas Burnet, being brought towards the
ted * termination of the usual course of four years, twenty-
four of them are all who appear to have taken the
degree, and that privately at different times.

On the meeting of the College again in October,
Mr. Thomas Burnet entered upon the charge of the
new Bejan class, which, at the matriculation of it on
the 31st of the following March, amounted to the
number of forty-seven. Mr. Alexander Cunningham,
of course, had the charge of the Semi class, with forty-
seven supervenients ; Mr. Andrew Massie that of the

HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 227

Bachelor ; and Mr. Herbert Kennedy that of the
Magistrand.

On January 3, 1690, Mr. Burnet was ordered by im.
the Faculty to forbear teaching the second Satire of
Horace. 1

Mr. Herbert Kennedy having brought his class, The one-

(i -, i n hundred and

consisting 01 sixty, towards the conclusion of their second Class

* ' graduated.

fourth year, five of them were graduated privately,
and on the 30th of June twenty-nine publicly, all of
whom subscribed the short Sponsio, containing alle-
giance to James the Seventh. One of those who
graduated privately received the degree alone on the
21st of July, in presence of the Principal, Mr. Herbert
Kennedy, and Mr. John Drummond. Then a Sponsio
appears in the Graduation-book, including allegiance
to William and Mary. 2

The Parliament had met on the 25th of the pre-
ceding April, the Earl of Melvill being Commissioner.
In the Act passed for the visitation of Universities,
Colleges, and Schools, it is statuted and ordained that
no Professor, or other person bearing office in any
University or College, shall either be admitted or
allowed to continue in the exercise of their functions
but such as acknowledge and subscribe the West-
minster Confession of Faith, and also swear and sub-
scribe the oath of allegiance to their Majesties, and
shall be pious, loyal, and of a peaceable conversation,
of good and sufficient literature and abilities, and sub-
mitting to the government of the Church established

1 Register of the University of Edin- 2 [See Catalogue of Edinburgh Gra-
burgh, p. 23. d nates, p. 140.]

228 HISTORY OF THE

by law. Visitors are then named and appointed, as
may be seen in the Act; and their first meeting is
authorized to be at Edinburgh on the 23d day of
July 1690, with power to appoint committees and
to adjourn. Accordingly a sufficient quorum of them
met on that day, and divided themselves into several
Committees, one for each University. They met again
on the 25th, and drew up certain instructions to be
observed by their Committees ; and they appointed
those Committees to meet at the respective Univer-
sities on the 20th of August.

The following was the Committee for the University
of Edinburgh : Earl of Lothian, Lord Raith, Lord
Ruthven, Master of Stair, Lord Mersington, Lord
Crosrig, Sir Patrick Hume, Lord Hallcraig, Laird of
Pitliver, Sir John Hall, Sir William Hamilton, Mr.
Edward Jameson, Mr. Hugh Kennedy, Mr. John
Law, Mr. James Kirkton, and Dr. Gilbert Rule, who
met accordingly in the upper hall of the College of
Edinburgh on the 20th of August, and chose Sir John
Hall their Preses. They afterwards adjourned to the
27th of the same month. Having then met, they
first proceeded to call before them Dr. Alexander
Monro, the Principal of the College. Ten articles of
accusation were brought against him, the chief of
which were, "that he set up. the English Liturgy
within the gates of the College ; that he was dis-
affected to the Government both in Church and State ;
that at the public laureation or graduation, he sat and
publicly heard the Confession of Faith, after it had
been approved of in Parliament, ridiculed by Dr. Pit-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 229

cairne, yea, the existence of God impugned, without
any answer or vindication ; that the doctor is addicted
to swearing, and neglects the worship of God in his
family." The rest were of a frivolous nature. The
Principal made a very good defence, considering the
shortness of the time allowed him for preparing
answers. The Committee, however, were of opinion
" that Dr. Alexander Monro, Principal of the College
of Edinburgh, should be deprived of his office as
Primar there ; and that the said office be declared
vacant/' When this opinion was reported to the
Commissioners on the 25th of September, they found
in the following terms : " The Lords and others of
the Commission appointed by Act of Parliament for
visitation of Universities, Colleges, and Schools, having
this day heard and considered the above-written re-
port of the Committee of the College of Edinburgh,
anent Dr. Monro, Primar of the College of Edinburgh ;
Depositions and other Instructions produced ; and also
Doctor Monro being asked, If he was presently willing
to swear the Oath of Allegiance to their Majesties
King William and Queen Mary, and to sign the same,
with the Assurance and the Confession of Faith (which
formerly he had offered to sign before the said Com-
mittee), and if he would declare his willingness to
submit himself to the present Church government as
now established; the said Dr. Monro did judicially
in presence of the said Commission, refuse to sign the
said Confession of Faith, and to take the said other
engagements, required to be done by the said Act of
Parliament ; and also did judicially acknowledge his

230 HISTORY OF THE

written answers produced before the Committee ; and
did confess he caused remove the pictures of the Re-
formers out of the Library : Therefore the said Com-
mission approves of the foresaid Committee's Report,
and finds the same sufficiently verified and proved ;
And hereby deprives the said Doctor Alexander Monro
of his place, as Primar of the said College of Edinburgh,
and declares the said place vacant. Sic Subscribitur,

"CRAWFORD, P." 1

This sentence was complained of by the Episcopal
party as extremely severe ; and the whole particulars
of the trial were afterwards published, and stigmatized
in terms of reproach, in a pamphlet entitled, " Pres-
byterian Inquisition, as it was lately practised against
the Professors of the College of Edinburgh, August
and September 1690, etc. [by Dr. Monro]. Lond.
1691." In 4to, pp. 106.

Dr. John Strachan, Professor of Divinity, was also
proceeded against in like manner. The articles of
accusation were seven in number, of which the follow-
ing were the chief : " That in the New Kirk of Edin-
burgh, in a public sermon before the Diocesan Synod,
he preached reconciliation with the Church of Rome,
and openly avowed his holding the doctrine of Con-
substantiation : That he was reputed to be an Ar-
minian and Pelagian, and maintained such principles
and tenets in the Tron Church : That he set up the
English Liturgy : That he was negligent of his duty
in instructing the students : That he was dissatisfied

1 Presbyterian Inquisition, p. 46.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 231

with the Government both in Church and State."
Some other things of less moment were also laid
to his charge. To all these Dr. Strachan gave in
answers expressed with great ability and candour.
The Committee, however, declared it as their opinion,
" that Dr. John Strachan, Professor of Divinity in the
College of Edinburgh, should be deprived of his office
in the said College ; and that the same be declared
vacant." On the 25th of September, the Commission
passed the following sentence against him : " The
Lords, and others of the Commission appointed for
visitation of Colleges and Schools, having heard read,
and considered the above written Eeport of the Com-
mittee for visiting the College of Edinburgh, anent
Dr. John Strachan, Professor of Divinity within the
said College : And the Doctor being called in, and
having heard the written Report read over in his pre-
sence, and being asked, If he did acknowledge that
the matters of fact contained in the said Report were
true, he did judicially acknowledge the verity of the
matters of fact therein contained : And also he refused
to swear the Oath of Allegiance, and to sign the same
with the Assurance : And also refused to sign the Con-
fession of Faith, or to declare his submission to the
present Church Government, as now established :
Therefore the said Commission approves of the Report
above written ; and does hereby deprive the said Dr.
John Strachan, Professor of Divinity in the said Col-
lege, of his said place, as Professor foresaid, and de-
clares the said place to be vacant.

"CRAWFORD,?." 1

1 Presbyterian Inquisition, p. 85.

232 HISTORY OF THE

This sentence also is stated as extremely severe in
the above-mentioned pamphlet, in which are con-
tained many other particulars respecting this case.

Indeed, it is plain that the only true reasons for
ejecting both Dr. Monro and Dr. Strachan were, that
they were Episcopals and nonjurors. And it would
have been more for the credit of the Visitors, if they
had rested their procedure entirely on this ground, and
had not brought into the account articles of accusation
against them without producing either accusers or
proof. They removed also at the same time from their
respective offices, Mr. Alexander Douglas, Professor of
Oriental Languages, Mr. Thomas Burnet, Professor of
Philosophy, and Mr. John Drummond, Professor of
Humanity ; but whether for any other reasons than
their refusing to take the oath of allegiance to William
and Mary does not appear.

On the 26th of September the same year, the Town-
Council elected Dr. Gilbert Eule, 1 one of the ministers
of Edinburgh, to succeed Dr. Monro, as Principal of
the College ; and on the same day Mr. George Campbell,
minister of Dumfries, was called by the electors to be
Professor of Divinity in place of Dr. John Strachan. 2

At another meeting held on the 27th of September,
the Visitors passed an act statuting and ordaining
that " no Regent or master of a class (albeit he hath a
presentation thereto), shall be admitted or received
in any University or College within this kingdom
without a previous trial."

On the 1st of October, the ministers of the city

1 Dr. Rule, though a minister, was in Calamy's Abridgement of Baxter's
M.D. See some account of him in Life, vol. ii. j>. 517.
Wodrow's History, vol. ii. ].. 12<5 ; and Town-Council

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 233

of Edinburgh approved of both the preceding elec-
tions. Mr. Campbell was also called to be one of the
ministers of Edinburgh.

On the 10th, the Commissioners sent by the Town-
Council to Dumfries regarding Mr. Campbell's election,
reported to the Council that the parish of Dumfries
objected, and that therefore they had been obliged to
appeal to the General Assembly.

On the 14th, Mr. Gilbert Eule accepted, and took the
oath de fideli administratione. Captain Warrander,
Hugh Blair, and two Deacons, 1 were appointed to go
over to the College, and install him.

On the 1 7th, a Committee was named by the Town-
Council, viz., Bailie Blackwood, and Deacon Stirling,
to meet with the Commissioners of the College of Jus-
tice about a Professor of Humanity, in place of Mr.
John Drummond deprived. 2

On the 23d of the same month, after public pro-
grams affixed in the usual manner, a comparative trial
was appointed to be held for the purpose of supply-
ing the vacancy occasioned by the removal of Mr.
Thomas Burnet. Seven candidates appeared.

The subjects of dispute proposed to the candidates,
prescribed by advice of the Principal and several of
the ministers of the city, were :

" 1, De primis sciendi principiis.

2. De concursu causae primse cum secundis.

3. De bonitate et malitia humanorum actionum.

4. De principiis corporum naturalium.

5. De natura possibilitatis.

6. De natura corporis et spiritus.

7. De motu."

1 [As members of the Town-Council.] Town-Council Records.

234 HISTORY OF THE

The subjects were assigned by lot, and fell as fol-
lows : 1. Mr. John Koss ; 2. Mr. George Hutcheson ;
3. Mr. Robert Graham ; 4. Mr. William Law ; 5. Mr.
William Forbes ; 6. Mr. Robert Stuart ; 7. Mr. James
Kennedy.

On these subjects the candidates were to give up
their Theses to the Principal within the College, on
Monday next, at nine o'clock in the morning, that the
candidates might interchange them respectively with
one another. Each was to make an oration, not ex-
ceeding half an hour, on any subject he chose, on
Friday thereafter, at two o'clock afternoon in the Col-
lege ; the first maker of the orations, viz., Mr. John
Ross, offering up a short Latin prayer before the
orations began.

The public dispute was to begin on Monday come
eight days. Certificates of moral character were pro-
duced by some of the candidates, and the others pro-
mised to produce their certificates to-morrow. The
judges preferred Mr. William Law, son of Mr. John
Law, minister of Edinburgh, and the Council, on the
7th of November, bestowed on him the office. He
took the oath de fideli administratione, and the oath
of allegiance, and signed the assurance to their Ma-
jesties.

On the 5th of November, programs having been
affixed, as usual, inviting caii<li<l;iu-s also to stand
a trial for the vacant Professorship of Humanity,
four entered their names. Yet, on the 21st of that
month, report was made to the Town-Council about
a difference between them and the College of Justice

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 235

respecting the election of a Professor of Humanity, in
which the two bodies had a joint right, by virtue
of a contract betwixt them. The Council discharged
the College Janitor to deliver the keys to any person
nominated by the College of Justice, unless he applied
to the Council and received his commission from
them ; and they appointed Bailie Blackwood and
Mr. Henry Ferguson to consult the assessors, and
ordained the writs and evidence of this affair to be
taken out of the charter-house. 1

The judges determined in favour of Mr. Laurence
Dundas ; and he obtained the office on the 28th of
the same month, being admitted and received for five
years to come, conform to the contract betwixt the
Town-Council and the College of Justice. He ac-
cepted, and took the oath de fideli administrations,
and subscribed the oath of allegiance with the assur-
ance. 2 The vacant professorship of Hebrew was not
supplied till February 1694.

After the places declared vacant by the Visitors
were, all but the professorship of Hebrew, thus sup-
plied, the Senatus Academicus consisted of the follow-
ing members :

Dr. Gilbert Rule, Principal.

Mr. George Campbell, Professor of Divinity.

Mr. Herbert Kennedy.

Mr. William Law,

, T . , , ~ . , Professors of Philosophy.

Mr. Alexander Cunnmghame,

Mr. Andrew Massie,

Dr. David Gregory, Professor of Mathematics.
Mr. Laurence Dundas, Professor of Humanity.
(Vacant.) Professor of Hebrew.

1 Town-Council Records. 2 Ibid.

236 HISTORY OF THE

In October 1690, the College again met. Mr.
Kennedy undertook the charge of the Bejan class,
consisting, at the matriculation on the 31st of the
ensuing March, of forty -seven. Mr. Law carried for-
ward the Semi class, with an accession of thirty-two
supervenients ; Mr. Cunningham had the Bachelor, and
Mr. Massie the Magistrand.

On the 8th of January 1691, the Kev. Primar, Dr.
Rule, had his public inaugural oration ; and the laws
for the students were read.

It appears that about this time the students had
been concerned in various violent and tumultuary
proceedings, which induced the Principal and Pro-
fessors to frame the following engagement against all
such practices, which, at a meeting in March 1691,
they agreed that the students should be obliged to
subscribe :

" We undersubscribers, students of the College of Edinburgh, do
hereby declare and protest our sincere and unfeigned abhorrence and
detestation of all tumultuary and disorderly practices, unworthy of
scholars, Christians, and gentlemen ; and we do solemnly engage
and promise that we shall not be accessory, directly or indirectly, to
the continuation of such abusive irregularities ; and particularly,
that we shall not wickedly deface and demolish the fabric of the
College, either in whole or in part, as being a rude and barbarous
enterprize : and furthermore we promise, according to our bounden
duty, to perform due obedience to our masters and teachers in om-
nibus licitis et honestis. In witness whereof, we have subscribed
these presents at Edinburgh, the - - day of March 169 1." 1

At another meeting on the 8th of October the
same year, a paper was drawn up, by which tin-

' MS. Tapers, illustrative of the His- sity of Edinburgh, in College Library,
t..ry :uid ('"iistilnlimt of the Univcr- p. 39.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 237

students, upon considering the evil of many bad
customs which had crept into their society, were to
declare their abhorrence of them, and particularly of
the barbarous practice of boxing at the College gate,
or elsewhere ; that of throwing the ball into the
Bejan class, 1 and breaking and demolishing the class-
rooms, or any part of the College fabric ; and their
renouncing for the future all such practices. 2 They
were to promise at the same time to behave in the
most respectful manner to the Lord Provost, Magis-
trates, and Council, patrons of the College, and to the
Principal and all the Professors. A copy of this paper
was given to the Lord Provost on the 10th.

The 103d class, under the tuition of Mr. Massie, The one-

hundred and

being brought forward to the usual time for gradua-
tion, fourteen of them took the degree privately at
different times, and thirty-two publicly on the 13th of
July. No printed Theses appear in the College collec-
tion as the subject of disputation for this year.

In October, after the vacation, Mr. Massie began
the new Bejan class, which, at the matriculation in
the ensuing March, amounted to fifty-seven ; Mr.
Kennedy proceeded in the Semi class, with seventy
supervenients ; Mr. Law had the Bachelor, and Mr.
Cunningham the Magistrand.

On the 18th of May 1692, Mr. Patrick Sinclair, son w-2.
of Mr. John Sinclair, minister of Ormiston, was elected
Professor of Hebrew, with 1000 marks Scots salary. 3

On the 3d of June, report was made to the Town-

1 See afterwards, anno 1697.

2 MS. Papers Illustrative, etc. ut wipra. 3 Town-Council Records.

238 HISTORY OF THE

Council of a legacy of 104 books left to the College
Library, by Alexander Douglas, late Professor of
Hebrew, and also of a legacy of 225 marks Scots, left
by him to the College, being a quarter's salary due to
him by the College.

On the 15th of September this year, there convened
in the College Library the following delegates to con-
sult respecting the general good of the Universities,
viz, from Glasgow, Mr. William Dunlop, Principal ;
from King's College, Aberdeen, Dr. George Middleton,
Principal ; for Edinburgh, Dr. Gilbert Kule, Primar,
and Mr. Andrew Massie, Professor of Philosophy.

Their several commissions being read, after prayer,
they chose Dr. Kule to be preses, and Mr. Kobert
Henderson, Librarian, to be clerk. Dr. Middleton
produced an extract of a protest taken by three mem-
bers of King's College, Aberdeen, viz. Mr. John Moir,
civilist, Dr. Patrick Urquhart, medicinar, and Mr.
William Black, regent, against the meeting of the
correspondents of the Universities, dated the 26th of
August 1692, setting forth that Dr. Middleton, at a
packed meeting of the College, had obtained a com-
mission for meeting and treating with some other
Principals of Universities within this kingdom, for
concerting of affairs not known ; that King's College
has good and wholesome laws, by the foundation and
otherwise, whereby it may be properly managed and
regulated ; that by the laws and acts of Parliament,
all conventions and assemblies for treating, consult-
ing, and determining in any matter of state, civil or
ecclesiastical, without his Majesty's special license, are

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 239

illegal and punishable, as those that unlawfully con-
vocate the King's lieges ; and the convocators holden
and repute as movers of sedition to the breach of the
peace, as is clear from various Acts of Parliament :
and therefore they protest against any such meeting,
;or any commission to be given thereto ; and that the
said College and University be noways burdened with
any expense incurred by the said commission, nor in
any ways be liable or subject to any overtures, pro-
posals, or pretended acts that may be made in the
said unwarrantable meeting of Principals ; and they
disown any such meetings, as contrary to the public
laws of this kingdom and privileges of the Universi-
ties ; and they further protest, that such as may meet
to consult about any affair relating to the Universi-
ties, contrary to their Majesties' command and license,
may be liable, conform to the Acts of Parliament, as
movers of sedition.

At the meeting on the ensuing day, Mr. Dunlop 1 was
appointed to draw up answers to this protest, which
was considered as a very unfair representation of the
nature and design of the delegation. In the mean-
time the meeting, without waiting any longer for a
Commissioner from the University of St. Andrews, pro-
ceeded to the consideration of various particulars
tending to the improvement of the Universities.

" There was an overture proposed for taking some speedy course
to fill up in each University, the public offices of Chancellor, Rector,
Dean of Faculty, etc., and till such time as that be done, the Principals
of the several Colleges should be empowered to supply these offices.

1 [In Professor Dalzel's MS. it is Dr Middleton by mistake.]

240 HISTORY OF THE

" 1 . It was agreed that the Principals and Professors of Divinity
be careful to put the Synods in mind for obliging their Presbyteries
to send bursars of divinity to that profession.

" 2. Agreed that the Principals make frequent visitations of the
several classes, and particularly take notice how masters teach, ex-
plain, and examine their lessons, and how the scholars profit.

" 3. Agreed that the Principals take also care that upon the Lord'
day the students, after sermons, be instructed in the principles o,
religion by their particular masters.

" 4. Agreed that the several Universities send a copy of theii
Theses to each other to be laid up in their libraries, that so it may
be known what opinions are held by the several professors in the
Universities.

" Adjourned to four o'clock this afternoon."

" 1. There was then referred to the consideration of the several
Universities the reviving of the fifth overture of the sederunt the 30th
of August 1647, viz., That when students are examined publicly on
the black-stone before Lambas, and after their return at Michaelmas,
that they be examined in some questions of the Catechism [see p.
143] ; with this alteration, that, instead of the Catechism, they be
examined upon the sacred lessons taught them the preceding year.

" "2. Referred the reviving of the second, third, fourth, and fifth
articles of the sederunt 2d February 1672. [It was agreed that
these articles, for which see p. 202, should be adopted.]

" Agreed that the sixth article of the same meeting be revived,
viz. [see p. 202].

"Agreed that the third article of the sederunt 17th July 1618
be revived, viz. [see p. 1 49].

" Agreed that all pedagogues, students of divinity, and whoever
besides learn any science or art within the College, and such also as
attend them, shall be subject to the discipline of the College, if they
transgress the laws of it.

"Adjourned to Monday at ten o'clock."

" 19/A September 1G92.

" The which day, the Principal of Glasgow, to whom it had been
recommended, produced a draught of Reasons against the foresaid
Protestation ; whereupon the meeting came to the following con-
tusion* :

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 241

" The meeting having seen and considered the above Protestation,
made by three of the members of the King's College of Aberdeen,
against the Commission granted by the College meeting of the said
University to Dr. George Middleton, Principal there, do find therein
most unjust reflections, not only against Dr. Middleton and the
College meeting of that University, but against all the other Uni-
versities and their correspondence among themselves \ and that they
give a most scandalous and disingenuous representation of the nature
and designs of this mutual correspondence, and that for these
reasons :

" 1. Because it doth groundlessly assert, that this meeting of
correspondents of the Universities is a meeting of Principals ; where-
as it is not a meeting of Principals, but of such members of each
University as the Universities, their Faculty and meetings, do think
tit to send and commissionate ; who sit in this meeting of correspon-
dents by virtue of their commission, and not as Principals ; nor ever
were these meetings constitute of Principals only, nor is this present so.

" 2. It is groundless in asserting that this meeting is illegal and un-
warrantable, and in protesting that the keepers of the same may be
punished as movers of sedition ; and that because the meetings of the
Universities have the uninterrupted practice of the Universities of
this kingdom, not only permitted by the Government, but so counte-
nanced from time to time as that their proposals and resolutions
have been appro ven and confirmed by their Majesties' Privy Council,
when required ; particularly 1672, as the records of the said meeting
can testify.

" 3. Their quotation of diverse Acts of Parliament, and affirming
that these meetings for correspondence among the Universities do
break the same, the import whereof is no less than unlawful convo-
cating the King's subjects, and moving of sedition, manifest their
gross ignorance and calumnious malice, in so far as the true intent
of all these acts is to hinder and discharge subjects, without the
King's commission or authority, to convocate, so as to take upon
them any authority and power, civil or ecclesiastic, and to act as
courts and judges, and punishing the contemners of their orders
with pains and penalties, and thereby intrude upon the civil or
ecclesiastic government established by law, or invalide and raise
sedition against the same. Whereas the meeting for correspondence
among the Universities never did pretend to be or act as a judicatory

Q

242 HISTORY OF THE

or court, either civil or ecclesiastic ; but each of the four Universities
having by their charters, erections, and laws of the land, not only
power and authority to preserve and put in execution their several
statutes, but in many things relating to the advancement or further-
ance of learning, and the knowledge of the liberal sciences (which is
their province), to add to, amend, and alter the same ; and that
each University may be the better fortified therein by the advice of
others of the same profession, and that the Universities themselves
may keep that amicable and good correspondence as to strengthen one
another's hands, and not encroach upon one another, but may join
together for the mutual help of each other ; [they] have afore, many
years, at set times, met by their Commissioners, for these good and
lawful ends; wherein none of their consultations or conclusions were
binding, unless each University did agree to the same, and who never
acted in a magisterial or authoritative manner.

" 4. It is very calumnious and unreasonable to say that the affairs
to be treated were not known to them, when it was told them that
their present design was to see what was fit to be done for the ad-
vancement of learning, and reforming several abuses that in process
of time had crept into the Universities ; and they, or any member of
a University, might very freely have sent their overtures, or any
thing they thought needful to be treated ; and by their instructions
to their Commissioner they might have limited him to determine
nothing without their knowledge ; without which the former meetings
for correspondence did not use to act, nor was there any ground to
think this should at this time.

" 5. Their insinuating that they have such good and wholesome
laws, by which their University may be regulated, should be no
hindrance to them to correspond with other Universities who are
desirous to correspond with them, to communicate these laws unto
them ; but whatever they pretend, none of the other Universities do
think they are arrived at that height of perfection that there can
be no melioration.

" 6. They at length bewray their sordid peevishness, under pre-
tence of saving charges to the University, as if the inconsiderable
charge in meeting with other Universities were enough to hinder
their further promoting of learning, or such joint course as may t< ml
to the augmenting of the revenues of each of the Universities.

" 7. After all their vain pretences of their loyalty to their Majes-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 243

ties' persons and interests, their zeal for the laws of the land and
privileges of Universities, and that those who shall meet at this
correspondence be punished as movers of sedition ; let us see that it
is Protestatio contrario facto, in so far as that [for] three members of
a society of eight persons opposing the constant practice of that same
University, where they are members, to challenge the meeting of that
University they are subject unto and members of, calling them a
packed meeting, when feo clear a plurality carried the election, and
none of them three the heads of the University, doth manifest them
to be heinous contemners of the privileges of their own University,
to be promoters of sedition there, and a bad example, without prece-
dent, to other Universities ; and how that suits with the laws of the
land and loyalty to their Majesties, the world may judge.

" For these and other reasons which might be added, the meeting
doth recommend to the head and other members of that College, that
they proceed against these three members to censure, conform to the
laws, constitution, and customs of that University, unless they give
satisfaction to the said College meeting, in as public a manner as
they have given the affront ; and it is expected that the Commis-
sioners, who shall come from that University to the next meeting of
correspondents, shall bring a report thereof to the same.

" The meeting, considering the overture for filling up the Chan-
cellor's and other offices in the Universities now vacant, thought fit
that with all speed and diligence these places should be filled up,
according to the different customs and former practices of each Univer-
sity : and, therefore, that the Lords of their Majesties' Privy Council
be supplicate for interposing their authority therein, and that they
would allow in the meantime, till that be effectuate, the present
heads of the Colleges to supply these vacant offices where it is needful.

" The meeting also thought fit that addresses should be made to
the Privy Council for renewing their Act of the date 1st February
1672, relating to the Universities, with this particular addition, that
if a student coming from one College to another, shall make it appear
to the Principal of the College to which he comes that he hath
made application for a testificate, and yet hath got none, nor any-
thing is objected against him by that College, that in that case he
may be received.

" The address to the Council for these two particulars is recom-

244 HISTORY OF THE

mended to Dr. Rule and Mr. Massie, who are to acquaint the several
Universities timeously with the Council's answer thereanent.

" The conferring the (1st) degree of Bachelors, and (2d), the monthly
exercises, are referred to the consideration of the several Universities.
(3o?), Referred also a paper of proposals anent the manner of teaching
Physics and other Sciences, given in by the Primar of the College of
Edinburgh, to be set down in the Register.

Adjourned to the morrow at ten o'clock.

" Which day the meeting thought fit that this correspondence be
yearly continued, and that the next meeting shall be in this place the
first Thursday of June 1693, by ten o'clock in the forenoon ; and the
Preses of the meeting is appointed to acquaint the Colleges of St.
Andrews and New Aberdeen with the Diet, and to show them that
it was expected they would not have made so light of the ad-
vertisement they had for this meeting, and that they would be care-
ful to attend that diet ; as also in case any emergence should fall
out, which calls for a meeting of the Universities sooner, the Primar
of the College of Edinburgh is hereby empowered to appoint the
same, by giving timeous notice to the respective Colleges, of the oc-
casions thereof, that they may come sufficiently instructed for that
end.

" To the clerk is ordered to give doubles of what has passed in this
meeting to the several Universities." 1

The one- The 104th class, under the tuition of Mr. Cunning-

hundred and

ham, being now in the last year of their course, and
consisting of eighty-eight, thirty-seven were graduated
publicly on the 15th of July 1G92, 2 in the common hall
of the College, and a few more of them privately at dif-
ferent times. The Theses on tin's occasion were dedi-
cated to Sir Thomas Mure of Thornton, Lord Provost,
and the other Magistrates and the Town-Council.

1 MS. Papers illustrative of the His- for graduation, did not obtain their
tory and Constitution of the University degree; because probably they may
of Edinburgh, No. II. pp. 1-9. have refused to take the required oath

2 [Forty-four, whose names appear of allegiance to King William ami
in the printed Theses, as candidates Queen Mary.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 245

Dr. David Gregory having been called to Oxford to
be Savilian Professor of Astronomy there, a gratuity
of 250 pounds Scots was allowed him by the Town-
Council, August 26, 1692, besides his full salary to
the time of his removal to Oxford ; and the Council
recommended to him to keep a good correspondence
with the Masters of the College of Edinburgh. 1

Mr. James Gregory succeeded his brother David,
and at his election the Town-Council erected a con-
stant Professorship of Mathematics.

"EDINBURGH, September 23, 1692.

" The which day, the Council taking to their serious
consideration how necessary, expedient, and profitable
it is for all Colleges and Universities to have the pro-
fession of the Mathematics, as well as those of other
sciences established therein for the accomplishment
and education of youth, and particularly in the art of
Navigation (the great ornament of any kingdom or
commonwealth) : And albeit, the famous College of
this City, founded by that mighty and illustrious
Prince, King James the Sixth, of ever glorious me-
mory, be furnished with Professors, Principals, Mas-
ters, and Kegents, both in Divinity, Philosophy, and
Humanity, yet never with a constant profession of
the Mathematics : And the said Lord Provost, Bailies,
Council, and Deacons of Crafts, being informed of the
literature, qualifications, and good conversation of
Mr. James Gregory, brother-german to Dr. Gregory,
present Professor of Astronomy in the University of

1 ToAvn-Council Records.

246 HISTORY OF THE

Oxford, who is sufficiently qualified to be a Professor of
the Mathematics in the said College ; and they being
most willing and desirous, not only to give him all due
encouragement therein for the time, but also to estab-
lish and erect the said profession within the said Col-
lege for ever in time coming : Therefore the said Lord
Provost, Bailies, Council, and Deacons of Craftsmen,
for themselves and their successors in place and office
within the said City, have erected, and hereby erect a,
profession of the Mathematics, within the said City
of Edinburgh, now, and in all time coming, and
make, constitute, erect, and appoint the said Mr.
James Gregory Professor thereof/' 1

The Council granted him a salary of 900 marks, with
promise of more as soon as the Eoyal Bounty, or new
donations would allow ; the College revenue at that
time not permitting so large a salary to be given him
as to Dr. David Gregory.

In October, Mr. Cunningham entered upon the
charge of the new Bejan class, consisting at the matri-
culation of ninety-three. Mr. Massie had the Semi
class, with fifty-six supervenients ; Mr. Kennedy the
Bachelor, and Mr. Law the Magistrand.

Complaints were made to the Lords of the Privy
Council of various tumults and disorders, which had
of late happened among the students in the different
Universities ; upon which they ordered an Act, dated
the 9th of March 1693, issued for preventing such for
the future, authorizing the Principals and Regents to
inflict fines according to the different ranks of the

1 Town-Council Records.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 247

students, arid requiring the Magistrates, in cases of
necessity, to support by their authority the sentences
of the said Principals and Begents.

"Ai EDINBURGH, the 9th day of March 1693 years.

" The Lords of their Majesties' Privy Council taking to their con-
sideration the tumults and disorders which frequently fall out amongst,
and are committed by, the students within the several Colleges and
Universities within this kingdom ; and having considered the Report
of a Committee of their own number appointed in this matter : The
saids Lords, for preventing of any tumults or other disorders within
any of the saids Colleges and Universities, Do hereby authorize and
empower the several Principals, Regents, and Masters of the saids Col-
leges respective, in case it shall happen hereafter, any of the students
of any of the Colleges above mentioned, to commit, or be guilty of
any tumults or other enormous disorder against the quiet and good
government of the saids Colleges, to impose and exact fines from such
as they shall find guilty, not exceeding the respective rates and pro-
portions after mentioned, viz. : For a nobleman, or his eldest son,
an hundred and fifty pounds Scots ; for noblemen's younger sons, or
barons themselves, or their eldest sons, an hundred pounds ; for the
younger sons of barons or gentlemen, and for the sons of burgesses,
fifty pounds ; and for the sons of craftsmen, or yeomen, fifty marks
Scots ; and that by and attour the reparation of damages : And the
saids Lords do hereby require and command the Magistrates of the
respective Burghs where the saids Colleges are kept, to interpose their
authority to the sentence of the saids Masters, and to give them their
assistance in executing the same, by imprisonment, if need be : And
allows and appoints the sums that shall be exacted for fines, in man-
ner and for the cause above mentioned, to be applied for the use of
the several Bibliothecks of the saids Colleges : And the saids Lords
having reviewed an Act of Council of the date the 1 st day of Feb-
ruary 1672, prohibiting one College to receive any scholar from
another College, they do restrict the same to such scholars only as
have been removed for misdemeanours, or have fled from discipline.
Extracted by me, " DA. MONCRIEFF, Clk. Sti. Cons" 1

1 Records of Privy-Council.

248 HISTORY OF THE

The one- The 105th class, under the tuition of Mr. Law, being

hundred and

brought towards the conclusion of their course, fifteen
of them were graduated privately at different times,
and thirty-three of them publicly on the 3d of July.
No printed Theses appear in the College collection.

On the 1st of June, in consequence of the adjourn-
ment last year, there appeared in the Library the fol-
lowing Commissioners, viz. : from Glasgow, Mr. Patrick
Simson, Dean of Faculty ; and for the College of Edin-
burgh, Dr. Gilbert Kule, Primar, Mr. Herbert Kennedy,
and Mr. Andrew Massie, Professors of Philosophy.
But as no delegates appeared from the other Univer-
sities, they adjourned till next day, when there appeared,
besides those already mentioned, viz., from the Old and
New Colleges of Aberdeen, Dr. George Middleton, and
Mr. Kobert Paterson, Principals ; Mr. George Fraser,
Sub-Principal of King's College ; and Mr. George
Peacock, Kegent, from Marischal's College. They ad-
journed till Wednesday next, expecting the Commis-
sioner from St. Andrews ; but as none appeared on
that day but the following delegates formerly men-
tioned, viz., Dr. Rule, Mr. Paterson, Mr. Fraser, and
Mr. Kennedy, they dissolved the meeting.

In October the College met, and Mr. William Law
jissembled a very numerous Bejan class, consisting at
the matriculation in March of 110. Mr. Cunningham
had the charge of the Semi class, with thirty-five
supervenients : Mr. Massie that of the Bachelor, and
Mr. Kennedy that of the Magistrand.

Again, in the month of December, the Privy Coun-
cil found it necessary to rc-cnact their former order

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 249

respecting tumults, and to cause it to be made more
generally known, by having it printed and published,
at the market crosses of Edinburgh, Old and New
Aberdeen, St. Andrews, and Glasgow, and read in the
public halls of all the Universities, and printed copies
affixed upon the gates of the Universities and Colleges.

On the 1st of December, an Act was passed by the
Town-Council as to the application of 1000 pounds
Scots, mortified by Bailie Penman, for a bursar.

On the 26th of January, several members of the 1G94
Town-Council moved that it were necessary that a
Professor of Hebrew should be authorized in the
College. The Council, before giving answer, recom-
mended to the Principal and Professor of Divinity,
and the Ministers of the City, to recommend a fit
and qualified person. 1

On the 29th of January, Mr. Alexander Cunning-
ham was suspended from his office as Eegent by the
Council, in consequence of a complaint by James
Grant, second son of the Laird of Grant, and on the
Report of the Committee appointed to take trial of
the said complaint. The Council recommended to the
Principal to take care of his class during the suspen-
sion. The notoriety of his crime was taken into their
consideration. 2

On the 2d of February, Mr. Alexander Rule, student
of Divinity, on the recommendation of the Principal,
Professor of Divinity, and Ministers, who had taken
trial of him, was elected Professor of Hebrew, in place
of Mr. Alexander Douglas, who had been removed by

1 Town- Council Records. 2 Ibid.

250 HISTORY OF THE

the Visitors for refusing to take the oath of allegiance.
On the 21st of the same month he was appointed to
hold his inaugural oration ; and he was ordered to give
his lessons on Mondays and Fridays. 1

This year, 1694, King William, by a deed of gift,
dated February 28, as will afterwards be mentioned, 2
bestowed a perpetual annuity of 300 per annum out
of the Bishops' rents, of which 100 was appropriated
for a salary to a Eegius Professor of Divinity and
Ecclesiastical History. The first Eegius Professor in-
troduced about this time into the College by a com-
mission from the King, was Mr. John Gumming. 3
He began a course of public lectures on Church
History, and continued them regularly till his death,
which happened in the year 1714.
The one him- The 106th class, under the tuition of Mr. Kennedy,

<lred and * '

were brought to the conclusion of their fourth year.
Twenty-one of them took the degree privately at
different times, and forty-one of them publicly, on the
9th of July. No Theses for this graduation appear in
the College collection. 4

In October, Mr. Kennedy began the new Bejan class,
of whom there were sixty at the matriculation, on the
13th of February. Mr. Law in the Semi class had
seventy-eight supervenients ; Mr. Alexander Cunning-
ham had the Bachelors, and Mr. Andrew Massie the
Magistrands.

1 Town-Council Records. * Sec itifm, pp. 256, 271.

8 [There in, however, no evidence that 4 [The Theses were printed ; and

Camming obtained his commission till forty-two, whose names appear in the

the year 1702. He qualified before the list of candidates for graduation in-

Magist rates on 10th November that sorted in the Theses, did not obtain

year. Town-Council Records.] their degree. See p. 244, note 2.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 251

It would seem that the Commission for visitation
of schools and Colleges had been so dilatory, as to
allow the appointed time for their meeting to elapse.
The Privy-Council therefore issued an order, dated
the 13th of December 1694, ordering a meeting in
January 1695. Accordingly, in consequence of such
a meeting, we find that on the 28th of that month a
Committee of their number had prepared several acts
and overtures to be submitted to the consideration of
the Commission.

They recommended :

" 1. That the Professor of the Greek tongue be fixed to that class,
there being far fewer eminent in the knowledge of that language
than in Philosophy ; and that nothing be taught that year but
Greek.

" 2. That in the Semi the Logics be taught, without mixture of
what concerns Metaphysics ; and that therewithal the common terms,
notions, and axioms be taught.

"3. That in the third class the Ethics, general and special, the
practice of Oratory, and also the general Physics be taught.

"4. That in the fourth class there be taught the special Physics
and the Pneumatologia.

" 5. It is also the opinion of the Committee that the Hebdomadar
be obliged to lie within the College the time of his office, and that
he visit the students in their chambers every morning at six of the
clock, and every evening at nine of the clock.

" 6. That all Masters and Regents, and also the students in the
several Universities and Colleges within this kingdom, be obliged to
wear constantly gowns the time of the sitting of the Colleges ; and
the Regents or Masters shall be obliged to wear black gowns, and
the students red gowns, that thereby the students may be discouraged
from vageing or vice.

"7. That, at the time of the laureation, the students be strictly
and exactly examined by the Principals and Regents ; and that at
their promotion there be distinction made by the Masters of some
of the pregnant spirits in the class, who are to [be] called by their

252 HISTORY OF THE

names in order before the rest of the class ; and that none receive
degrees but those who are qualified.

" 8. That in time coming no person be admitted a Professor or
Regent in any University or College within this kingdom, to have
the government of students, unless they be of the age of twenty-one
years complete at least.

"9. As also, that the Masters and Regents of all Colleges and
Universities within this kingdom do begin the teaching of their
course for the subsequent year upon the first lawful day of November,
and to continue teaching until the last day of June thereafter, except
the Regent of the Magistrand class, who is to continue teaching until
the first day of May yearly.

"10. As also, that it should be enacted, that no student shall be
hereafter admitted into any College, who has been any former years
studying in any other College, unless he produce sufficient testificates
of his good behaviour, signed by his Regent, or the Principal of the
College where he last studied, and which testificates they shall be
obliged to grant when required, unless they can give very pregnant
reasons for their refusing ; and if the Masters, being required, shall
refuse to give the saids testificates without just cause, then it shall
be leasom to any College, to which the student applies, to receive
him, without obliging him to produce the said testificate.

"11. And also, that in time coming the students shall not spend
their time in writing their courses of Philosophy in their class, but
in place thereof, that there be a printed course thought upon ; and
to that end, that timeous intimation be made to the Professors and
Regents or Masters of the haill Universities and Colleges within this
kingdom, to send two of their number from every College to Edin-
burgh, the last Wednesday of July next to come, and sufficiently
instructed, to meet with these of the Commission of Parliament, ap-
pointed for visitation of Universities, Colleges, and Schools, and to
advise and consult with them, what method shall be fallen upon for
writing and printing an uniform course of Philosophy, to be hereafter
taught in all the Colleges.

" 12. As also, that when the Commissioners from the several
Colleges meet the last Wednesday of July next, that they then take
to their consideration how expedient it will IKJ for the haill Colleges
to meet by their delegates every year, JUM! report their opinion, with
the reason* tor the same, to the general meeting of the Commission
fi their Committee.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 253

" 13. It is also the opinion of the Committee, that the several
classes in the Colleges, when they first enter and convene, be all
publicly examined in the common hall by the Principal and haill
Regents of the College, who shall all be obliged to convene for the
said examinations.

" 1 4. That all Bursars be strictly examined every year ; and that
such as do not duly attend, and make sufficient proficiency in their
studies, be turned out of their bursaries.

"15. That every year the Regents of the said several classes be
obliged to teach their students some rudiments of the Mathematics,
with their course yearly.

" 16. That it be recommended to the Principal, Professor, and
Regents, to receive none into the Colleges, but upon strict trial of
their proficiency in the Latin and Greek tongues respective.

" 17. The Committee are of opinion, that, until there be a
printed course of Philosophy composed, the Regents shall be obliged
yearly to produce and show, in the beginning of the year, to the
Principal or Dean of Faculty of the College, the dictates that he is
to teach his students the year following ; and that these dictates are
and shall be subject and liable to the amendments and correction of
the Principal and Faculty of the College.

" That, at the yearly laureation in the respective Colleges, there
be honourable mention made of the founders and benefactors by
public recital." 1

On the 29th of January 1695, the Faculty ordered
that Mr. Campbell and Mr. Law should attend the
Commission of Parliament for visitation of Univer-
sities, the day of July, as their representatives. 2

On the 1st of February, James Sutherland, Master
of the Physic Garden, was elected by the Town-
Council Professor of Botany in the College, with all
emoluments, profits, and casualties, and the former
pension of 20 sterling annually was allowed him. 3

1 MS. Papers Illustrative of the His- 2 Register of the University of Edin-

tory and Constitution of the University burgh, in the College Library, p. 33.
of Edinburgh, in the College Library, s [On the 8th of September 1676, the

No. II. p. 153. Town-Council, "considering the use-

254 HISTORY OF THE

In the act it is said that " the Physic Garden is in
great reputation, both in England and foreign nations,
by the great care and knowledge of the said Mr.
James." He had " been at great pains and expenses
in bringing foreign plants and seeds, and making
several divisions, hedges, and improvements in the
said garden." 1

On the 17th of April, an Act was passed by the
Town-Council, appointing Mr. William Henderson,
father of Mr. Robert, at that time Librarian, to offi-
ciate in the Library for his son, till the son should
finish the catalogues. 2
The one htm- The 107th class, under Mr. Massie, were brought to

dred and . .

c?a.sf h the conclusion o* their course ; nineteen of them gra-
duated privately at different times, and thirty-nine
publicly on the 13th of July. 3

It was a favourite object with the Commission of
Visitation to bring all the Universities to adopt a uni-
form method of teaching the different parts of Philo-
sophy ; and therefore, at a meeting held on the 1st of
August 1695, they passed the following Act :

fulness and necessity of encouragement College, for keeping books ami

of the art of botany and planting of relating to the said profession." Town

medicinal herbs, and that it were tit for Council Records. It was not, however,

the better flourishing of the Colleges till the period specified in the text that

that the said profession be joined to Sutherland became properly Professor

the other professions, . . . appointed of Botany in the College.]

a yearly salary of 20 sterling, to be * Town-Council Records.

paid to Mr. John Sutherland, present 8 On the 14th of August following,

lx>tanist, who professes the said art, Mr. Robert Henderson gave in two

. . . and, upon the considerations fore- Catalogues of the Library. - /<W.

naid, unites, annexes, and adjoins the a [Thirty->ne. \\ln.s, nun.. . s appear in

said profession to the rest of the liberal the printed Theses as candidates for

sciences taught in the College, and re- graduation, did not obtain their <!

commends the Treasurer of the College S. , ].. % JJ }. note _>.]
to provide a eonvenient room in the

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 255

" THE Commission of Parliament for visiting Universities, Colleges,
and Schools, having met with the delegates sent from the several
Colleges, and heard them both scripto and viva voce anent an uni-
form printed course of Philosophy, to be hereafter taught, Do statute,
enact, and ordain, that the ordinary custom of dictating and writing
of notes in the classes be discharged from and after the month of
October 1696 ; and ordain, that in place thereof, there be a printed
course or system of Philosophy composed, to be taught in all the
Colleges. And the Commission appoints the Faculties of Philosophy
in the several Colleges to compile the said system ; and for that end
ordains the said Faculty of every College to meet and convene, and
to appoint one or more of the Regents of the said Faculty to compile
that part of the course appointed for each College's share ; and
ordains the person or persons so to be appointed, to perform and do
the work that the Faculty lays upon them ; and if they refuse or
fail in the performance thereof, the Commission declares, he or they
shall ipso facto be exauctorat and deprived of their office. And
farther, the Commission appoints the said system or course of Philo-
sophy, to be composed by the Faculties of the several Colleges, con-
form to the division following, viz. : That the Logics and general
Metaphysics be composed by the two Colleges of St . Andrews, and
the general and special Ethics by the College of Glasgow ; the
general and special Physics by the two Colleges of Aberdeen, and
the Pneumatics or special Metaphysics by the College of Edinburgh :
And appoints the Faculty of each of the said Colleges to give in a
scheme of what points and articles they are to treat of in each of
their parts of the said work, to the Commission of Parliament, or
their Committee, against the first Wednesday of October next ; and
appoints the several Colleges to keep a correspondence amongst them-
selves during their writing of their several parts of the said work ;
and that they send parcels of their writings to each College, that the
same may be revised ; and that each of the said Colleges be assistant
to others, for the better carrying on of the said work. And the
Commission appoints a general meeting of the haill Colleges by their
delegates, to be at Edinburgh, the first Wednesday of July next to
come, at which time they are to revise the whole system and course
of Philosophy ; which is hereby appointed to be in readiness against
the said day : And that they present the same to the said Commis-
sion of Parliament, that the same may be approven, and put to the

256 HISTORY OF THE

press against the first day of August thereafter. And the Commis-
sion recommends to the Faculties of the several Colleges, that they
be exact and diligent in composing the said system, fur the nation's
and their own credit, with as much succinctness as can be ; and for
their encouragement, the Commission declares they will write to the
Secretary of State to interpose with his Majesty, that he would be
pleased to give a gratification of 50 sterling to each College at the
completing of the said work." 1

On the 28th of August 1695, Mr. Hugh Linn,
College Treasurer, produced before the Town-Council
the mortification granted by his Majesty, dated at
Kensington, the 28th February 1693-4, 2 whereby his
Majesty mortified and disponed 300 sterling to the
College of Edinburgh, for the maintenance of a Pro-
fessor of Theology, by and attour the present Profes-
sor established there, who was to have 100 sterling
of the said sum yearly, together with twenty bursars
of Divinity, who were to have 10 sterling each yearly,
to be presented by his Majesty or the Lords of Trea-
sury ; which sum of 300 sterling his Majesty ap-
pointed to be paid to the College Treasurer and his
successors, by the Lords of Treasury and his Majesty's
collectors, out of the Bishops' rents, and that termly,
beginning the first term's payment at the term of
Whitsunday 1694. 3

On the 10th of August, the Faculty of the Uni-
versity "assigned to Mr. Law to draw up that p.nt
of Philosophy which was appointed by the Committee
of Parliament for Edinburgh College, viz., the Pneu-

1 MS. Papers illustrative of the His- "See notice of this Royal (irant,
tory and Constitution of the Uni\er- supra, p. 250.
sity of Edinburgh, No. II. p. 139. Town-Council Records.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 257

matics, in order to a printed course to be established
in the Universities."

On the 8th of October, the Faculty appointed " that
Mr. Law be exempted from the Hebdomadar's work
and the public examinations for this year, upon the
consideration of his being appointed to compose a part
of the course of Philosophy that is to be printed," viz.,
the Pneumatics. On the same day the Faculty also
ordered, " that the Act of the Privy-Council against
tumults be read in all the classes the first week of
November next."

On the 1 9th of November, an Act of Faculty was
passed against cursing, swearing, and profane speeches.
" The Faculty considering how frequent cursing, swear-
ing, and profane speeches, are among students, therefore
they appoint that such as are found guilty shall be
liable for sixpence, toties quoties ; and if it be found
that any are habitually guilty they shall be extruded
the College." 1

On the 26th of November, an Act of Faculty was
passed against drunkenness and frequenting taverns.
" The Faculty, considering how odious the sin of
drunkenness is, especially in students, and how in-
decent it is for such, who should be bred up in religion
and learning, to haunt taverns or alehouses, therefore
they do strictly forbid and inhibit the students of this
University under their charge to go into any ale-
house or tavern without a sufficient cause, which is
to be judged of by the Rev. Prirnar or their respective
Regents ; and if the cause be not found relevant, they

1 Register of the University of Edinburgh, in College Library, p. 34.

R

258 HISTORY OF THE

are to be fined as follows, viz. : Each for the first
fault a sixpence, for the second a shilling, the third in
eighteenpence, or to be augmented at the discretion of
their respective Regents ; and if any be found drunk,
he shall pay three pounds Scots, toties quoties, and if
often found so, to be extruded." 1

On the 18th of December 1695, the degree of Doc-
tor of the Civil Law was conferred on Mr. Joseph
Brown, an Englishman, being the first doctor's degree
upon record given by the University of Edinburgh.
Dr. Brown, on his return to England, remitted for the
Library a donation of 15 sterling.

On the 9th of August 1695, the Town-Council ap-
pointed a comparative trial to be held in the College,
in the usual manner, on the 10th of September, for
supplying the place of Mr. Alexander Cunningham,
Professor of Philosophy, who had demitted. Three
candidates entered their names, of whom Mr. William
Scott, who had studied under Mr. Thomas Burnet in
1688, but was not graduated till September 3, 1695,
was judged to be the fittest, and the office was
conferred upon him the 16th day of the same
month.

In October, when the College met, Mr. Scott entered
upon the charge of the Bejan class, the number of
which, at the matriculation on the 2d of February
1696, amounted to sixty-six. Mr. Herbert Kennedy,
in the Semi class, had forty-six supervenients ; Mr.
Law went on with the Bachelors ; and Mr. John Row,
a professor from St. Andrews, who had succeeded upon

1 Register of the University of Edinburgh, in College Library, p. 31.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 259

the deprivation of Mr. Andrew Massie, 1 went on with
the Magistraud class.

On the 18th of February 1696, the Faculty of the iw.-
University met, and received from St. Andrews the
General and Special Physics composed at Aberdeen,
to be revised against a certain day, with a promise
that they are to send the notes and remarks upon
them by St. Andrews.

On the 20th of June, Mr. Herbert Kennedy, Mr. Law,
and Mr. Row, Regents, were appointed to attend the
diets of the Commission of Parliament for visiting
Universities, in consequence of a letter from Mr.
Hamilton, Clerk to the said Commission. 2

The 108th class, now under the tuition of Mr. John The one

_ ITT i hundred and

Kow, was brought to the conclusion of the course ; of
whom fourteen were graduated privately, at different
times, and thirty-seven publicly, on the 13th of July.

On the 15th of the same month, the delegates from
the different Universities having been called before
the Visitors, were interrogated respecting the progress
they had made in preparing the different parts of the
course of Philosophy. They produced all the different
parts, and gave them in to the meeting. Upon this
they were ordered to receive them all again, and carry
them back to the different Colleges from whence they
had been brought, to be revised, etc. 3

In October 1696, Mr. John Row entered upon the

1 [Row was elected August 9, 1695, 3 MS. Papers, illustrative of the His-
in place of Massie, who had been de- tory and Constitution of the Univer-
prived. Town-Council Records.] sity of Edinburgh, in College Library,

2 Register of the University of Edin- No. II. p. 145.
burgh, p. 35.

2GO HISTORY OF THE

charge of the Bejan class, in number seventy-four, at
the matriculation, February 9, 1697. Mr. Scott pro-
ceeded with the Semi class, with forty-two superve-
nients ; Mr. Kennedy had the Bachelor, and Mr. Law
the Magistrand.
1697. The 109th class, under the tuition of Mr. William

The one

Shciass d Law, being brought towards the conclusion of their
four years' course, twenty-three of them were gradu-
ated privately, and fifty-eight publicly, on the 28th of
June 1697. No printed theses appear.

As to the custom of the students of the Semi class
throwing a foot-ball into the Bejan class on the 10th of
March, to prevent its renewal, the students of the Semi
class this year subscribed the following document :

" We, undersubscribers, students in the Semi class of the College
of Edinburgh, being fully persuaded that the custom of throwing a
foot-ball into the Bejan class upon the 10th of March yearly hath
been the occasion of much disorder and confusion in the said College,
aud being earnestly entreated by our Regent to give this public
testimony of our willingness to have this abominable custom for ever
banished the College : Therefore, we hereby solemnly declare and
own our dislike of the same, and that it may effectually appear, we
hereby bind ourselves, that we in no manner of way, either directly
or indirectly, shall contribute to the keeping up of the foresaid custom,
or attempt the throwing in of the said ball on the 10th of March
ensuing, or at any other time hereafter, while we are students in the
said College ; and if any of our number shall offer, notwithstanding
of this our solemn declaration and engagement, to throw in the said
ball, we do hereby renounce them for our comrades for ever, and
declare them unworthy of the name of students and gentlemen, and
give them freely up to the Faculty of the College, whom we hereby
earnestly entreat to banish and extrude from their society such in-
famous and unworthy members ; and in testimony of the sincerity
of this our declaration, we are willing and consent that the same
should remain amongst the records of this College. In witness

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 261

whereof, we have signed these presents at the College of Edinburgh,
the third day of March 1697 years."

This document has appended to it 121 signatures. 1

Though the several Universities and Colleges had
been employed in drawing up a uniform system of
Philosophy, ever since this was enjoined by the Com-
mission of Visitation in their Act of the 2d of August
1695, yet the different parts of that system could not
be brought forward in a sufficiently correct state so
soon as the Commission had appointed. First drafts,
however, of these different parts had been circulated
among the several Universities and Colleges, and
written observations made upon them had been laid
before the delegates from the Colleges, at their meet-
ings at Edinburgh this year.

In the above-mentioned Act, the Commission had
appointed that the Logics and General Metaphysics
should be composed by the two Colleges of St. An-
drews ; the General and Special Ethics by the College
of Glasgow ; the General and Special Physics by the
two Colleges of Aberdeen ; and the Pneumatics or
Special Metaphysics by the College of Edinburgh.

On the 12th of March 1697, "the Faculty received
from the University of St. Andrews their observations
on that part of the course of Philosophy composed by
Aberdeen, together with the Tractatus Anatomicus
composed by Aberdeen." On the 9th of April, they
"received from St. Andrews the Glasgow Ethics, to
be revised by the Faculty." Particular posts were

1 MS. Papers, illustrative of the History and Constitution of the University of
Edinburgh, in College Library, No. I. p. 63.

262 HISTORY OF THE

allotted to Messrs. Law, Kennedy, Row, Dundas, and
Scott. On the 14th of May the Faculty "received
the St. Andrews animadversions on the Glasgow
Ethics." And on the 1st of July they "appointed
Mr. Law and Mr. Row to attend the Committee of
Commission of Parliament for visiting Universities." 1

Various meetings were held by the delegates in the
months of July and August this year for considering
the remarks and animadversions transmitted from
different Colleges, previous to their delivering the
different parts of the system in a correct form to the
Commission of Visitation.

These original animadversions by the separate
Colleges, with the observations made upon them by
the delegates from all the Colleges met at Edinburgh,
are preserved among the papers of the University of
Edinburgh, and form a curious collection, from which
might be gathered a pretty good notion of what sort
of science was understood and taught in the Colleges
of Scotland at that time. Among the MSS. of the
same College is likewise preserved the original of the
Special Physics, as transmitted by the King's College,
Aberdeen, and drawn up by Mr. William Black, 2 a
member of that Society.

The animadversions upon this performance made
by the Faculty of Arts of the University of St. Andrews
are expressed with great severity ; which drew answers
of the same sort from the author. Tlu-s*- \vciv al] laid
before a meeting of the delegates on the 1 6th of

i Rejri*tTi.niii' I Diversity of Kdin- * HInrk \vu> tin- inkier \ Ku.Miiiian.

burgh, in College Library, jiji. 35. 3<j. Be < frUmen'l l.ilr >!' Hu.l.liinaii.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 263

August 1697 ; whose opinion upon them is also pre-
served. As a specimen of this opinion we may quote
the paragraphs upon the 20th and 30th animadversions.

20th. "One part of the delegates are of opinion
that Newton's hypothesis of the ebbing and flowing
of the sea should be insert, or a reason given why
it is not ; and the other part think there is no need
to make any mention of it. And the author gives
this reason why he has omitted it, because neither he
nor any he has conversed with on the subject do so
fully understand what Newton does write thereon as
they can make it intelligible to the young students,
for whose sake this tractate is chiefly designed. And
the delegates do not find that the author has any-
where promised to examine all the celebrated opinions
on this subject, as this observe does allege."

30th. "From this remark the delegates took occa-
sion to consider the difficulty proponed by the author
in the tractate against Newton's opinion of the Earth's
being seventeen Gallic miles higher at the equator than
at the poles ; and judging it a real difficulty, some
of the delegates were of opinion, that it might be
proper to take the opinion of the most knowing mathe-
maticians in the nation anent this particular. But
others thought this not needful, and thinking the argu-
ments proposed against Newton valid, do refer this
whole matter to the Commission." 1

The Special Physics of King's College, Aberdeen, are
the only branch of the intended system to be found in

1 MS. Papers illustrative of the His- of Edinburgh, in College Library, No.
tory and Constitution of the University II. pp. 92, 93.

264 HISTORY OF THE

the Library of the University of Edinburgh. Perhaps
the other parts may still be preserved in some of the
other Colleges.

On the 29th of January 1697, in the Court of
Session, Philiphaugh reported Mr. Andrew Massie
against the town of Edinburgh, for reducing the de-
creet, whereby they had deprived him of being one of
the Philosophy Eegents in the College of Edinburgh.
The Lords, on account of some informality on the part
of the town, reponed Mr. Massie against the decreet,
and allowed him to be farther heard before the Ordi-
nary anent his repossession and damages in lying out
of his place. 1 In the debate betwixt Kow and Scott,
which of the two should cede his place to make room
for Massie's re-entry, the Lords ordained Mr. Scott to
cede. 2

In October 1697, Mr. William Law entered upon
the charge of the new Bejan class, the number of
which at the matriculation amounted to seventy-seven ;
Mr. John Kow proceeded in the Semi, with fifty-
seven supervenients ; Mr. William Scott in the
Bachelor; and Mr. Herbert Kennedy in the Magis-
trand.
i6P8. The 110th class, under the tuition of Mr. Herbert

Tin one

tetkcta* Kennedy, was brought to the conclusion of the course
in July 1698, forty-five of them having gra<Ju;it< -<1
privately at different times.

By an Act passed on the 3d of January 1698, the
Commission for Visitation appointed copies of the St.
Andrews Logics and Metaphysics to each of the Col-

1 Seo Fountainhall's Decisions, vol. i. p. 761. 2 Ibid. vol. i. p. 787.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 265

leges, and ordained the same to be dictated and taught
this year to the students. They also ordained the
Masters of the Colleges of Glasgow, Aberdeen, and
Edinburgh, to finish the several parts of Philosophy
composed by them with all expedition, and that each
College teach that course or system composed by
themselves, and which had been produced before the
Commission in the preceding July, according as the
same was ordered to be corrected and amended by the
delegates from the Colleges. They also ordered the
Colleges to return to the Clerk of the Commission the
observations made by the several Colleges upon each
part of Philosophy, also the observations made by the
delegates from the several Universities, when they
met jointly together at Edinburgh in the preceding
July and August, that the observations may be con-
sidered by the Commission, and determined upon by
them ; and further, that they send a copy of the sys-
tem of Philosophy composed by each College, corrected
and amended conformable to the said observations, to
the Clerk of the Commission, to be considered by the
Commission or their Committee ; and this to be done
with all expedition.

On the 31st of January 1698, it was ordered by
the Commission of Visitation, that intimation be made
to the Principal and Professors of the College of Edin-
burgh, that they must produce against the ensuing
Monday the Pneumatics, Logic, or Special Metaphysics,
composed by them, corrected and amended, as formerly
appointed ; and that they have seven copies thereof
complete in readiness against that day, viz., the 7th of

266 HISTORY OF THE

February next, to be transmitted to the several Uni-
versities and Colleges, under pain of being declared
contemners of the authority of the Commission, and
deprivation of their offices. And it is recommended
to the Magistrates of Edinburgh, Patrons of the
College, and to the College Treasurer, to advance
money for defraying the expense of copying the said
Course of Philosophy.

On the 25th of March 1698, Mr. Andrew Massie
was, upon petition, reponed to his office by the Town-
Council (after being " stopped and hindered for more
than two years"), in the room of Mr. Herbert Kennedy
deceased, whose classes he succeeded to. He states
that it was "through a misfortune, which he did
heartily regret."

On the 13th of April, an Act of Council was passed
allowing Mr. Kobert Henderson thirty pounds sterling,
over and above his salary, for his great trouble in
making catalogues of the Library. He says, that he
had gone abroad to visit the state of other libraries.
His father had officiated for him during his absence. 1

On the 12th of December 1698, the Commission of
Parliament ordered their Clerk to communicate to the
several Colleges that they are to teach the same course
of Philosophy wliich they were enjoined to have taught
the preceding year, with power, if long or prolix, to
abridge it. And the Masters of the several Colleges
are required to send the first copies of the courses
composed by them before they were amended, and to
which the observations, relate, thut tin* same inav be

1 Town-round I !{ >nls.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 267

considered by the Committee, in order to their better
despatching the report they are to make to the Com-
mission concerning them.

In October 1698, Mr. Herbert Kennedy, whose turn
it was to begin the Bejan class, being dead, Mr.
Andrew Massie entered upon the charge of the new
Bejan class, which at the matriculation, February 23,
1699, were in number forty-seven. Mr. William Law
proceeded in the Semi class, with an accession of
eighty-five supervenients ; Mr. John Eow proceeded
with the Bachelors ; and Mr. William Scott, who was
to have ceded for the re-entry of Mr. Massie, retained
his place in consequence of the death of Mr. Herbert
Kennedy.

On the 4th of June 1699, the Faculty enacted that im.
each graduate, when he received his degree, should sub-
scribe an obligation never to take any degree inferior
to that of M. A. in any other University or College ; and
they appointed Monday the 26th for the Laureation.

The lllth class, under the tuition of Mr. William The one

hundred and

Scott, was brought to the conclusion of their course in
June this year, of whom twenty-seven were graduated
privately, and forty-three publicly, the 23d and 24th
of that month. 1

On the 1 Oth of October, the Faculty appointed that

1 Arnot, in his History of Edinburgh, their printed theses." This could not

p. 158, anno 1698, on the margin says be the graduation June 1698, as that

that, " at a public graduation of stu- was a private one. That of 1697 and

dents, at which the Magistrates, in their this of 1699 were public ; but of these

formalities, attended, the Professor of there are no printed theses in the Col-

Philosophy pronounced a harangue in lege collection. Mr. Arnot does not

favour of that settlement on the Isthmus mention where he got this anecdote.

of Darien, the legality of which, against It is, however, extremely probable.
all other pretenders, was maintained in

a

268 HISTORY OF THE

every student who should enter to the study of Divinity,
should have a certificate of his education, and receiv-
ing the degree of M.A. from the College where he had
been taught.

On the 27th of November this year, "the Commission
of Parliament appointed for visitation of Universities,
Colleges, and Schools, having considered some propo-
sitions produced before them, which they are informed
are vented among students, and contained in some
books made use of by them, and having considered a
Report of a Committee of their number thereanent,
the Commission finds that there are some of these Pro-
positions so manifestly false and pernicious, that they
hereby enjoin the Masters of the Colleges to watch over
their scholars, that they do not own nor argue for
them, and that the Masters confute them, and restrain
their scholars from such books as vent them, such
as :

" 1. Mundum vel niateriani esse ab seterno.

"2. Rationem nostram, seu philosophiam esse Scrip-
turae Interpretem seu Regulam, secundum quam de
veritate in divinis est judicandum.

" 3. Rationem prudentis esse Primam Regulam mo-
rum.

" Secondly, There are others of the said Propositions
presented to the Commission, which are not so mani-
festly absurd as the former, yet being generally <li>-
;i] >lroven by the Reformed and Popish divines, the
Commission appoints that the same may be forborne,
and discharges the Masters to teach them, which aiv eua
follows :

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 269

" 1. Spiritus esse nullibi.

" 2. Animae essentiam in actual! cogitatione esse
positam.

"3. Spirituum purorum finitoruin (id est) Angelo-
rum existentiam, non posse, nisi ex Scriptura, probari.

"4. De omnibus est dubitandum, vel assensum esse
tantisper suspendendum, in ordine ad veritatem cog-
noscendam.

" 5. Claram nostram et distinctam cognitionem esse
veritatis optimum criterium.

" 6. Brutis non competere sensationes sed esse mera
automata.

"7. Animam humanara fieri ex traduce.

" Thirdly, The Commission finds that there are some
of the said Propositions which, at first hearing, are
offensive, and in their full latitude may be false, that
yet with restriction and limitation may be passed ; yet
the Commission enjoyns that either these be not taught
or cautiously explained, such as :

" 1. Rerum essentias esse aeternas.

" 2. Dari propositiones (quarum uterque terminus
est Creatura) aetemae veritatis.

" 3. Rerum possibilitatem esse iis intrinsecam ab
aeterno.

" 4. Animae esse essentiale quod semper actu cogi-
tet.

" 5. Dari felicitatem naturalem, eamque consistere
in actione virtutis.

" 6. Nat lira nos esse aptos ad virtutem, eamque
agendo comparari.

" And generally the Commission does discharge all

270 HISTORY OF THE

Propositions to be taught which are contra Jidcm <>(
bonos mores." 1

The Commission for Visitation still continued their
meetings, but complained, that the Committee formerly
named for revising the intended Philosophical course
had made small progress in that work ; and that it was
difficult to get them to meet. They ordained (27th of
November 1699), that the Principals of the several
Universities and Colleges go through the whole system,
copies of which were now in every University ; and
that they cornpendize the said course, and make their
remarks thereon ; and that they all meet at Edinburgh
the 21st of May 1700, and bring with them their
several remarks and observations ; and that at that
time they go through the same jointly, with all pos-
sible exactness, and have a report of the whole work
ready to be presented to the Commission against their
first meeting in June next, under pain of censure for
neglect and contempt,

In October 1699, after the usual vacation, Mr.
William Scott entered upon the charge of a new Bejan
class, of which the number matriculated on the 15th
of February following amounted to seventy-seven.
Mr. Massie proceeded with the Semi class, with an
accession of thirty supervenients ; Mr. Law had the
Bachelors, and Mr. Row the Magistrand class.
.TOO On the 31st of January 1700, Mr. George Meldrum,
minister of Edinburgh, was chosen member of tin-

1 MS. Papers illustrative of the His- II. p. m Kutitli-l ,.n tin- back : "Or-
tciry ami < 'oiistitutimi <>f the University dcr .-iiu-nt MMMC i-rr"in'ous proposition-,
I Ivlinburph, in ('nlli-jre Library, No. ]<;:

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 271

General Assembly for the College by the Magistrates
and Professors met together in Council. 1

The 112th class, under the tuition of Mr. John The one

hundred

Kow, being in their fourth year, were graduated, JJJJ^
nineteen of them privately, and thirty-four publicly, dl
so early as the 30th of April.

On the 12th of June, " the Council taking into
their consideration that the deceased Mr. William
Dunlop, Principal of the College of Glasgow, was at
considerable pains and expenses in procuring from
his Majesty the gift of twelve hundred pounds sterling
yearly, out of the Bishops' rents, to the use of the
four Universities of this Kingdom ; 2 of which sum three
hundred pounds sterling was, by the said gift, granted
to the University of this city ; and that the said
Mr. William Dunlop did, while in life, and now Mr.
Alexander Dunlop, his son, does claim a certain sum
of money from the good town, as their part of the
expenses disbursed by the said defunct in obtaining
the said gift : Therefore the Council appoint and
assign to be granted to the said Mr. Alexander
Dunlop by the Town Council one hundred pounds
sterling." 3

On the 16th of August, the Commission of Visitation
"having taken into their consideration that it would
conduce much to the better learning, and for the
improvement of the study of the Greek tongue, that
the teacher thereof in the first of the four classes in
use for Greek and Philosophy in each University and

1 Town-Council Records.

2 [Mr. Dunlop had been in London on this business.]

3 Town-Council Records.

272 HISTORY OF THE

College were fixed and not ambulatory, as now he is,
do therefore, for hereafter appoint and ordain, that
the said teacher of the Greek tongue be fixed, and
continue still to teach the same in the said first class,
to all that come to learn under him from year to year,
as constant master of the said Greek language, which
he is hereby appointed to begin to teach, at and after
the first day of November, through the whole year,
until the rising of his class by the ordinary vacation ;
so that, in all that space, he is only to teach the Greek
Grammar and proper Greek authors, without teaching
so much as any structura syllogismi, or anything else
belonging to the course of Philosophy, which is only
to be commenced the next year thereafter ; and this
act and ordinance to take effect after the first day of
November next : Likeas, for the better encouragement
of the said fixed teacher of the said Greek, it is hereby
appointed, that no scholar bred at school in Scotland,
and not foreign-bred, shall be admitted to learn the
Philosophy, or any part of the course thereof, in any
of the said Colleges and Universities, unless that he
have learned the Greek, at least for the ordinary year,
under the said fixed Greek master, and report ,m
authentic certificate thereon ; and this provision to
take effect for and after the year 1701, and no sooner." 1
The office of a Kegent having become vacant by the
resignation of Mr. Row, a program was published,
inviting candidates to a comparative trial for the
vacant chair on the 12th of November 1700.

1 MS. Papers illustrative of the History and Constitution of the University of
Edinburgh, in College Library, No. II.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 273

November 12, 1700. Sederunt at the College, the
Magistrates and Council, with the Principal and Profes-
sors, Principal Eule, Mr. George Campbell, Mr. Andrew
Massie, Mr. William Scott, Mr. William Law, Mr.
Laurence Dundas, Mr. James Gregory, and Mr. Alex
ander Rule ; and the Ministers, Mr. William Crighton,
Mr. James Webster, Mr. George Hamilton, Mr. John
Hamilton, Mr. George Andrews.

The candidates who appeared for a disputation for
the place of Mr. John Row, were Mr. William Hog,
son to the deceased William Hog, merchant-burgess
of Edinburgh ; Mr. Charles Erskine, brother-german to
the Laird of Alva ; Kenneth Campbell, servant to the
Earl of Argyll ; and John Beaton, servant to the Laird
of Culloden junior.

Lots having been drawn by the candidates for the
subjects of debate, the lots fell as follows : No. 5, De
Motu, to Mr. Beaton ; No. 6, De Prima Moralitatis
Regula, to Mr. Hog ; No. 8, De Materise Divisibilitate,
to Mr. Erskine ; No. 9, De Brutorum Perceptione, to
Mr. Campbell. The candidates were enjoined to have
ready an exegesis upon an ode of Pindar, prescribed
by the Principal against that day eight days, for a
trial of their skill in Greek.

Thursday thereafter was appointed for the public
dispute ; and, in order thereto, the candidates were
to interchange their theses on Saturday next. The
candidate who got the first lot, was to say prayers in
Latin at the opening of the disputation. l

Mr. Charles Erskine (who became Lord Advocate, 2

1 Town-Council Records. [2 See p. 295.]

S

274 HISTORY OF THE

and afterwards Lord Justice-Clerk) was preferred at
this trial; and, on the 26th of February 1701, he ob-
tained the office. He entered to the charge of the new
Bejan class, the number of which, at the matriculation
on the 20th of May 1701, amounted to thirty ; Mr.
Scott went on in the Semi, with sixty-one super-
venients ; Mr. Massie with the Bachelors ; and Mr.
Law with the Magistrands.

1701 On the 24th of January 1701, some additional laws

for the College, concerning the students, given in to
the Town-Council by the Principal and Professors,
having been considered, were approved of by the
Council ; and the Librarian was ordered to insert
them with the other laws of the College.

ADDITIONAL LAWS FOR THE COLLEGE.

" 1 . The College meetings begin with October.

" 2. In the winter session, the students are to meet in their classes
every day before seven in the morning ; and after prayer the rolls
are called. Absents are to be marked, and fined at the Regent's
pleasure. No student, therefore, at such a time or any other ap-
pointed for meeting, may walk idly in the courts, or be present at
any game, viz., the hand-ball, billiards, or bowls, and the like, under
the penalty of threepence for the first and second time, and the
double for the third, to be exacted of each student transgressing.

" 3. On the Lord's day the students are to convene in their
classes presently after sermons, to be exercised in their sacred lessons.

" 4. The Censor of each class is to write two rolls of names, and
to affix to each student's name his residence, that, if any withdraw,
inquiry may be made at his landlord's. One of the rolls is for the
Primar's use ; the other for the Regent's use.

" 5. None may do or speak wickedly, wrongfully, or obscenely,
or nasty and obscene talk. Such, therefore, as profane God's sacred
name and vent horrid oaths, or nasty and obscene talk, are to pay
sixpence the first time, and thereafter to be severely chastised.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 275

u 6. All students are to carry respectfully towards the Professors,
and to obey their injunctions. Those who transgress, are to be fined,
first in a penny, and after in twopence.

" 7. Students are obliged to discourse always in Latin ; as also
to speak modestly, chastely, courteously, and in no manner uncivilly
or [to be] quarrelsome, but to entertain good, profitable, and pious
conferences. Those who transgress, especially such as speak English
within the college, are liable the first time in a penny ; thereafter
in twopence.

"8. All are to be diligent and painful in their studies, neither
must any interrupt another, by entering into his class or chamber, or
curiously hearken or listen at doors or windows except the Censors.

" 9. None may absent from the College, or go out of it, without
his Regent's license.

" 10. Neither may any go out of the class without leave of the
Regent or of the Censor in his absence ; and he who goes out by
permission is presently to return, for upon no account is he to tarry.
Those who transgress are amerced in twopence.

"11. Every one is to show good example to others by his piety,
goodness, modesty, and diligence in learning, as becomes a disciple
of Christ.

" 1 2. Let none molest another by word, gesture, or deed, or any
way wrong or reproach another ; otherwise to be fined at pleasure.

" 13. Let all strife, reproaches, and what is dishonest, be re-
moved.

" 1 4. Every one is obliged to warn those who either loiter, or do
anything blameable, in a friendly way, as becomes a Christian ; and
if the person thus admonished do not amend, he is to mark and
delate him.

" 15. None may in word or deed avenge himself when wronged
or reproached, but is to complain to the Primar or the Master of the
student offending. Those who transgress shall be fined at discretion.

" 1 6. None may irreverently pass by, behold, or bespeak persons
of respect, but in good manners set off their college education.

" 1 7. Let none in public behave himself otherwise than gravely,
modestly, as becomes students of good letters.

"18. Let all shun bad company, as a corrupting plague.

"19. None may carry sword, gun, and dagger, and such arms,
or forfeit threepence.

276 HISTORY OF THE

" 20. None in the evening may walk the streets.

"21. Let none throw at glass windows, spoil or abuse the walls,
seats, forms, desks, pulpits, or whatever is included in the College,
by breaking or violent usage ; but let all things be preserved entire
and clean.

" 22. The Censors are to be faithful in their duty, to admonish
delinquents, and delate them. And if any of them act negligently
or remissly, in concealing another's fault, he shall find, to his great
dishonour, to have transferred the same to himself ; for he will be
liable to that fine which the fault concealed deserved. And if any
shall threaten, or do harm to, the Censor in doing his office, he shall
pay sixpence, toties quoties.

" 23. Those who transgress any way shall be chastised accord-
ingly-

" 24. Those who are arraigned guilty of rebellion, sedition, or
tumults, and ringleaders of any such notable wickedness, are first of
all obnoxious to the fines and punishments denounced by his Majesty's
Privy Council, and thereafter are to be extruded and cast out of the
College.

" 25. None may stand at the gate any time, or forfeit fourpence ;
neither use unhandsomely, uncivilly, or toss those who enter or pass,
or incur the fine of sixpence ; nor may any play or walk in view of
the Professors, otherwise he will be fined arbitrarily.

"26. Let none throw stones or snow-balls, or incur a fine at
pleasure.

" 27. Let none in the classes or passages way -lay or lay -wait any
who pass, or forfeit a sixpence.

" 28. The Principal and Masters being informed that the most
destructive custom of playing at dice (owing its rise to infamous
bankrupts) has lately crept into the College, and knowing what
hazard and mischief this portends to studies, piety, and good man-
ners, therefore they strictly discharge students to use cards, dice,
raffling, or any such games of lottery, and enact, that whoever is
guilty and convicted of these unlawful games, he shall pay half a-
crown the first time, then a crown, the third time a crown and a
half, for the use of the Library ; and if, thereafter, the said person
convicted and fined cannot be reduced nor reformed, he is to be ex-
truded with disgrace, as one lost and incorrigible, and a corrupter of
the youth.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH . 277

"29. None may enter taverns, ale-houses, or incur an arbitrary fine.

" 30. Those who neglect to go to church shall forfeit sixpence
each time.

"31. The Censors of each class are carefully to mark those that
speak English, or who curse, swear, or talk smutty or obscene [lan-
guage], or any way contravene the laws foresaid, that so they may be
punished according to the offence given." 1

The 113th class, under Mr. Law, being now in their
fourth year, twenty-seven of them were graduated
privately, and fifty-three publicly, on the 29th of
April 1701.

In October the College, as usual, met, when Mr.
Law entered upon the charge of the new Bejan class,
amounting, at the matriculation, February 20, 1702,
to ninety-two. Mr. Charles Erskine proceeded in the
Semi class, having received forty-two supervenients.
Mr. William Scott had the charge of the Bachelors,
and Mr. Massie that of the Magistrands.

On the 24th of December 1701, the Council, with
advice of the ministers, elected the Eev. Mr. George
Meldrum, minister of the Tron Church, to be Professor
of Divinity, in place of Mr. George Campbell de-
ceased, but he was not installed till the 13th of
October 1702. 2

On the 26th of December 1701, Mr. Alexander
Rule resigned the Professorship of Hebrew and other
Oriental languages ; and the place was not supplied
till the 6th of November 1702, when the Council
elected Mr. John Goodall, with an annual salary of
500 marks.

1 Register of the University of Edinburgh, pp. 16-1 8.
- See Wodrow's History, vol. i. p. 149.

278 HISTORY OF THE

1702. King William died on the 8th of March 1702, in
the fifty-second year of his age, and was succeeded by
Queen Anne. He was one of the most considerable
benefactors of the College of Edinburgh, having, in
the year 1694, granted a fund of 300 per annum
out of the Bishops' rents, etc. 1

On the 8th of May, report was made to the Town-
Council concerning the Theological Library, begun
and collected by the late Keverend George Campbell,
Professor of Divinity, and that all the books and
donations were found to be distinctly recorded in a
book. 2
The one The 114th class, under the charge of Mr. Massie,

hundred and

- 1 being now in the fourth year of their course, twelve

of them were graduated privately, and twenty -six
publicly, on the 28th of April.

In October 1702, at the usual meeting of the
College, Mr. Massie undertook the charge of the new
Bejan class, in number twenty- five at the matricu-
lation, February 25, 1703. Mr. Law had the Semi
class, with seventy-eight supervenients ; Mr. Erskine
the Bachelors ; and Mr. Scott the Magistrands.

On the 4th of November, the Town-Council having
considered that the several funds and donations mor-
tified to the College had been far short of the payment
of former salaries settled upon the Principal, Masters.
and Professors of the College, and that, to supply this
deficiency, considerable sums had been paid out of
the good Town's common good yearly, the Council,

1 See supra, p. 250.

* Town-Council Records. [TheTheo- the Students in the Divinity Hall, i>
logical Library, chiefly for the use of still kept up within the College.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. L'7'J

therefore, fixed and settled 1600 marks of yearly salary
on the Principal in all time coming, to be paid quar-
terly by the College-Treasurer. 1
The 115th class, under Mr. William Scott, being The -

hundred and

now in the fourth year of their course, the graduation, fifteenth'
by permission of the Faculty, was authorized by the duated
following act to be entirely private :

" The Faculty of Philosophy within the University
of Edinburgh, taking into their consideration the
reasons offered by Mr. Scott why his Magistrand class
should be privately graduated, and being fully satisfied
with the same, Do unanimously, according to their
undoubted right, contained in the charter of erection,
and their constant and uninterrupted custom in such
cases, appoint the said class to be laureated privately
upon the last Tuesday of April next, being the 27th
day of the said month. Signed by order, and in pre-
sence of the Faculty, by Kobert Henderson, Clerk,
January 20, 1703."

The Professors having, by this act, claimed to
themselves the powers of an independent faculty, and
virtually set aside the authority of the Town-Council
over the management of the internal affairs of the
College, this gave great offence to the Town-Council.
The Lord Provost, therefore, proposed a visitation of
the College. This visitation took place in the Library,
on the 15th of February 1703.

Sederunt (on that day), the Lord Provost, Hugh
Cunningham, etc., with the Assessors, viz., Sir James
Stewart, Lord Advocate, and Sir Gilbert Elliot, and

1 Town-Council Records.

280 HISTORY OF THE

the following ministers, Mr. William Crighton, Mr.
David Blair, Mr. Thomas Wilkie, Mr. John Moncrieff,
Mr. James Webster, Mr. George Andrew, Mr. James
Hart, and Mr. Eobert Sandilands.

The Masters of the College being called for, there
compeared Mr. George Meldrum, Mr. Andrew Massie,
Mr. William Law, Mr. William Scott, Mr. Charles
Erskine, Mr. Laurence Dundas, Mr. James Gregory,
Mr. John Goodall, and Mr. John Gumming.

The Lord Provost ordered the laws given by the
Town-Council of Edinburgh, 1628, to be read, and
that paragraph of the laws anent the visitation of the
College, was read accordingly. Thereafter the act of
the Town-Council, 1663, anent the visitation of the
College was read.

The Provost complained that he had seen an un-
warrantable act of the Masters of the College, viz.,
the Professors of Philosophy, Humanity, Mathematics,
and Church History, wherein they asserted themselves
a Faculty empowered by a charter of erection, and
appointed 'Mr. William Scott's Magistrand class to be
privately graduated this year; and desired the pre-
tended act to be read.

This the Lord Advocate advised to be deferred at
that time, as, after conference with the Masters, he
found them willing to pass from that act, and to take
up and withdraw their protest anent the electing of a
commissioner from the College to the General Assem-
bly ; and that they would apply to their patrons to
know the time and place, way and manner, how the
laureation should be made this year ; and he said

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 281

that he would wait on any committee of the Council,
and make such overtures as might regulate such mat-
ters in time coming, to the honour of the Council
as patrons, and advantage of the Masters, with their
due dependence upon the Council.

Bailie Blackwood approved of the Lord Advocate's
proposal, but thought the Council would not be satis-
fied unless the Masters not only passed from their
pretended act, but owned that it wanted all manner
of foundation. Dean of Guild Brown also approved
of what the Lord Advocate proposed, but desired that
the Masters should be interrogated if they themselves
agreed to what had been proposed. Upon this the
Lord Provost asked them all separately, and they all
severally assented, and the Lord Advocate undertook
to extend the matter in writing.

Then follows the Act of Visitation :

" The Lord Provost, Bailies, and Council of Edinburgh, being
convened in Council at the foresaid Visitation held within the College
of Edinburgh, taking into their consideration the charter granted to
the good town by King James the Sixth of happy memory, upon the
14th day of August 1582, empowering the good town to found
schools and colleges within their precincts, in manner therein pro-
vided, with power to the Magistrates and Council thereof to build
houses and schools for all manner of professors and sciences, as
grammar, humanity, languages, theology, philosophy, medicine,
laws, or for whatever other liberal science ; and to elect, input, and
output masters, as they shall think fit, inhibiting all other schools
and professions within the said burgh ; as the said charter more fully
bears : And that, conform thereto, and ever since the erecting of the
said College, the Magistrates and Council have had and exercised the
only and full government of the said College, by electing, inputting,
and outputting masters and professors, prescribing and appointing
laws, rules and statutes, for direction of the said masters and pro-

HISTORY OF THE

fessors and their scholars ; and generally for ordering and regulating
all things belonging to the discipline and police of the said College,
and due administration thereof ; as also in choosing a commissioner
to the Assemblies of this Kirk in behalf of the said College, as the
records of the good town seen, revised, and considered, do particu-
larly and fully testify : Notwithstanding whereof, the Masters of the
said College, taking upon them of late to meet by themselves as an
independent Faculty of the said College, did on the 20th of January
last make the following act [The act is given before, p. 279] : As also
that some of the said Masters did lately claim a power to themselves,
separately from the Magistrates and Town- Council, to elect a com-
missioner to the ensuing General Assembly, and in the face of the
Town-Council protested for the same : Therefore, the said Lord Pro-
vost, Bailies, and Council being met upon the foresaid occasion, in
the said Visitation with the Ministers of Edinburgh thereunto called,
Did declare their just dissatisfaction with the foresaid act and pro-
ceedings of the said Masters, as being unwarrantable and unprece-
dented. But it having been proposed, for the more peaceable and
more happy composure of those differences, that the said Masters
should, in presence of the Magistrates and Town-Council, with the
said Ministers convened in manner foresaid, pass from their said act,
as unwarrantable, and submit themselves entirely to the Magistrates
and Town-Council, to order the foresaid laureation as to time, place,
and manner, as the Council should think fit ; as also to take up,
and withdraw their said protest taken anent the electing a commis-
sioner for the Assembly : And that a committee of the Town-Council
might be appointed for revising the laws of the College prescribed
to them by the Town-Council, and for making such other laws, after
our hearing of the said Masters, as may be thought proper to prevent
the like mistakes in time coming, for the weal and benefit of the
College : And the said Masters, to wit, the Professors of Philosophy,
Humanity, Mathematics, and Church History, being all present, and
particularly interrogated, if they agreed to the said proposals, and
they having each of them for himself, and all of them together, de-
clared their assent, the said Magistrates and Town-Council, with
advice of the said Ministers, declared their acceptance of the foresaid
proposal and agreement, and that they would appoint a committee
with their first convenience for the ends above expressed. And they
ordained this act to be drawn up, and extended upon the whole

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 283

premisses, and recorded in the books of Council, relating to the Col-
lege, ad futuram rei memoriam. Sic subscribitur,

" HUGH CUNNINGHAM, Provost." 1

On the 5th of March, the Town-Council appointed
Mr. Scott's class to be publicly graduated, the considera-
tion of the time, place, and manner being deferred
until the next Council day. On the 12th of the same
month they appointed the public laureation to be kept
in the common hall of the College upon the first Tues
day of May 'next. But, pro hac vice, they allowed
a private graduation, on the petition of Mr. Scott,
" showing, that it having pleased the Council some
time ago, by their act, to appoint the Magistrand
class to be publicly graduated upon the 4th day of
May instant, in obedience thereto the petitioner duly
intimated the same to his scholars present, but most
of them being gone before the said act and intima-
tion thereof, so through the want of intelligence, and
other causes, many of the scholars were not returned
from the country upon the said 4th instant, and other
insuperable difficulties falling in the way of a public
graduation in this juncture, the same could not be per-
. formed, craving, therefore, the Council to allow the
said class to be graduated privately, pro hac vice." 2

On the same day the Council passed an act order-
ing diplomas or testificates to the graduates, to have
the town's seal appended to them in a white iron box.
The Primar with three or four of the Eegents were to
sign the diploma, and the Librarian was not to exact
above four pounds Scots, and was to be easy to poor

1 Town-Council Records.

2 [See Catalogue of the Graduates, pp. 1/2-174.]

284 HISTORY OF THE

scholars. In the formula used at the graduation, hon-
ourable mention was ordered to be made of the Town-
Council, the patrons. 1

The office of Principal of the College having become
vacant by the death of Dr. Gilbert Rule, it was offered
to Mr. William Carstairs, a distinguished Presbyterian
clergyman, who had been the confidential friend of
King William; and he was prevailed with by his
friends to accept it. 2 He was elected by the Coun-
cil May 12, 1703 ; and, on the 19th, he appeared in
Council, and took the oath of allegiance to Queen
Anne, and subscribed the same with the assurance.
His inauguration was appointed to take place on the
3d of June ; and instructions were ordered to be deli-
vered to him by the Lord Provost as to " the office of
the Principal of the College," as laid down in " The
Discipline of the College of Edinburgh," appointed
and ordained December 3, 1628.

On the 3d of September, the Lord Provost produced
before the Town-Council an abbreviate of the acts
anent the College ; which being read, together with an
Act of Parliament ratifying the rights of the College,
they ordained the said abbreviate to be recorded.*

On the 8th of September, Bailie Hugh Linn pro-
duced at the Council-table a Catalogue of the College
Library, which was delivered by the Council to the
clerks, to be kept by them for their use.

On the 22d of October, by an act of the Town-

Town-Council Records.

8 See lii> Life, \ty Rev. Dr. Joseph 3 [Tliis .-ililnwiate is print oil in

M'Connick, prefixed to Carntairn'n Bower's History of the University of

State Papers, etc. Edinb. 1774, 4to. Edinburgh, vol. ii. pp. 395-405.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 285

Council, the Regents' salaries were stopped till they
had extracted or taken out their acts of admission
(which they had never done), and produced them to
the Council.

On the same day an act was passed, requiring the
College, all Professors of Theology, Philosophy, Lan-
guages, and Humanity, and other masters and mem-
bers thereof whatsoever, to conform themselves to
and obey the laws and regulations, according to the
constitution and statutes thereof.

In October 1703, Mr. Scott entered upon the
charge of the new Bejan class, in number eighty, as
matriculated, February 23, IT 04. Mr. Eobert Stewart,
son of Sir Thomas Stewart of Coltness, who was, with
the advice of the ministers, elected on the 22d of
October 1703, in consequence of the resignation of
Mr. Massie, took the charge of the Semis ; Mr. Law
had that of the Bachelors ; and Mr. Erskine that of
the Magistrands.

On the 10th of November, Mr. John Goodall, Pro-
fessor of Hebrew, had his salary augmented 200 marks.

On the 24th of the same month, the Town-clerks
were ordered by the Town-Council to keep a separate
register for bursars, and particularly to record the
Queen's bursars. 1

The 116th class, under the charge of Mr. Charles ITM

The one

Erskine, being in the fourth year of their course,
fourteen of them graduated privately, and twenty-five
publicly, May 12, 1704.

On the 17th of May this year, the Town-Council

1 Town-Council Records.

286 HISTORY OF THE

having taken into consideration that the good order
and discipline of the College were much decayed, and
that the power and authority of the Kegents were not
duly regarded by many of the scholars, whence disor-
ders were committed which exceedingly reflected upon
the government of the College the Council, therefore,
appointed the Magistrates to meet with the Ministers
and the Principal, who was now in the beginning of
his office, to consult and advise about proper methods
for restoring order and discipline.

On the 16th of June, the Town-Council passed the
following act anent the College records :

" The Lord Provost reported that he was informed that the book
containing the Laws made by the Town^Council of Edinburgh, for
governing both masters and scholars in the College, wanted a date,
and the act of Council prefixed to the said laws, in the records of
the Town-Council, warranting the recording of the said laws in that
book ; and that it had several leaves battered together, with many
other notable blemishes, unworthy of a record of so ancient a
College : Therefore called the Bibliothecar to produce the said book,
that the Magistrates, Ministers, and Town-Council might be satisfied
of the truth thereof ; and, accordingly, the said book was produced
and inspected in presence of the Lord Provost, Magistrates, Ministers,
Town-Council, and whole Masters of the College ; and to the
Council and Ministers' great surprise, the following faults were
found in the said book :

" 1 . It is observed that the book begins with the laws of the College,
yet without any date or act of Council of their patrons, authorizing
the said laws, as is prefixed to the original copy in the town's records.

" 2. In the 13th, 19th, and 25th pages, the leaves are battered
together ; which renders the pretended record suspect, and of no
authority.

" 3. In the 1 8th page, it is observed that the word faculty is
then first assumed, and without warrant, or any fonner practice, insert
in October 1G86 : And although the College had been now 100

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 287

years standing before the said time, no record bears the word
'faculty :' And, in the said meeting in October 1686, there is no
person named at the pretended faculty, but the Reverend Primar,
Doctor Monro, and that only interlined.

" 4. In the said 18th page, there is an interval from October
1686 to January 1690 years, of any pretended faculty, and even at
that time, the haill names of professors present are only interlined.

"5. The said page, January 1691 years, the Reverend and
worthy Doctor Rule is said to have a prelection as Primar, without
mentioning any other present, and he is insert only R. Doctor Rule,
and that also interlined.

" 6. The word ' faculty' is again mentioned in p. 18, in the year
1691, and several times thereafter, so that there has been about five
years betwixt the first and second times mentioning the word ' faculty,'
which they had presumptuously assumed to themselves.

"7. In p. 19, the worthy and famous Mr. George Campbell is
so little noticed at his first appearance in the said book, that he is
only designed R. Mr. Campbell, Professor, giving no account how
he came to that office.

" 8. In p. 27, it is observed, from this pretended record, that
there has been no meeting of the Professors from July 1697 to June
1699 ; and from October 1699 there have been no sederunts until
January 1703, at which time the Professors of Philosophy, Mathe-
matics, and Humanity, also assumed to themselves the name of a
Faculty of Philosophy, and by an act declared their undoubted right,
and their constant uninterrupted custom of appointing Laureations ;
which act was solemnly condemned as unwarrantable and unprece-
dented, by a visitation of the College, as recorded the 15th day of
February 1703 years. And there are a great many other gross in-
formalities in the said book, unbecoming any society.

" And it being overtured, that the Lord Provost might name a
committee, to the effect the said book might be fairly transumed,
and more regularly written, it was unanimously consented to by the
Magistrates and Town-Council, and also the advice of the said reve-
rend Ministers, that the Lord Provost, at the Council-table, should
name a committee to the effect foresaid. To which the Reverend
Principal, in name of Mr. William Law, Mr. William Scott, and Mr.
Robert Stewart, Professors of Philosophy, and Mr. Laurence Dundas,
Professor of Humanity, craved liberty to represent, that in respect

HISTORY OF THE

the said book had been long in their possession, as one of the Col-
lege records, and for their exoneration, at the hands of the Commis-
sion for Visitation of Schools and Colleges, to whom the said book
was once produced : Therefore he himself in their name, and with
all submission to the Magistrates and Town-Council, their honourable
patrons, desired the clerk, for their vindication, might mark, it was
not with their will the book was delivered up. To which it was
replied, that the true reason why the overture was agreed to [was],
that the faults and blemishes foresaid, with many others not named,
might be duly regulated in manner as is above. And it was also
craved, that the clerk might mark this answer, lest the said book
hereafter might be either represented or pretended to have been a
more formal record than truly it is now found to be."

On the same day a memoir being presented to the
Council, containing several complaints against the
masters and students of the College, the same was
read, and ordained to be recorded, and a copy to be
delivered to the Principal, whereof the tenor follows :

" 1. That neither the Professors of Philosophy nor
the students keep the hours and diets appointed by
the statutes, neither on the week nor Sabbath days,
which is the occasion of great disorder.

" 2. That the speaking of English, and not Latin,
is become customary ; and cursing and swearing are
too ordinary without any due punishment.

" 3. That the fabric of the College is greatly dam-
nified by students playing at rackets and hand-balls,
and many other abuses committed at the public meet-
ings and solemnities of the College.

"4. The neighbourhood of the College is daily
molested by the students, and the grammar-school
exceedingly disturbed, so that it is given as one of the
chief [reasons] of the great decay thereof.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 289

" 5. That the best . chambers m the College, which
were usually possessed by children of noblemen, and
other persons of quality, and were mortified for stu-
dents allenarly, and paid a considerable rent to the
College, are now otherwise inhabited.

" 6. That the College gates are so frequently kept
open, in the very time and hours of meeting in the
classes, and the duty and office of Hebdomadar is
much neglected ; which is the cause of many disorders.

" 7. That a great many books are lent out, and kept
out of the Library, contrary to the laws thereof, which
ought to be subscribed by all the Professors in the
College.

" 8. That the rules anent bursars be renewed, and
that they be examined anent the discipline and order
of the College, and what progress they make in the
College."

Thereafter there was presented to the Council a
long report anent the Library ; which being read, the
Council declared that they would, at their next sede-
runt, in the ordinary Council-house, appoint a com-
mittee to consider the complaints in the said memoir,
together with the book containing the laws made by
the Town-Council of Edinburgh for governing both
masters and scholars belonging to the College, in
order to prepare a report of the whole matter, to be
laid before the Council.

On the 21st of June, a committee of the Council,
with Mr. Carstairs, Principal, and Mr. George Mel-
drum, Professor of Divinity, was appointed to con-

290 HISTORY OF THE

sider the above complaints, together with, the report
anent the Library, and the book containing the laws
of the College, and to report.

On the 28th of June, 2000 marks were allowed the
Principal, so long as he has no charge in the city.

On the 5th of September 1704, the Council con-
tinued the laws of the College, as they were approved
of by the Council in the year 1601, to be observed in
the meantime, and ordained the Bibliothecar to record
the laws in the large book appointed for that end.
Having considered the additional laws given in by
the Masters of the College, 1 the Council again approved
thereof, and ordained the Bibliothecar to record the
same among the laws of the College. They appointed
the Masters to subscribe the laws of the Library, as
they had been subscribed from the year 1636 to the
year 1650, when the practice of subscription was inter-
rupted till the year 1662. They ordered the College
treasurer to pay Mr. Kobert Henderson, Bibliothecar,
five pounds sterling, on his recording the laws ; and
they delayed the consideration of the answers given
in by the Professors of Philosophy to the grievances
and complaints against the College.

In October, Mr. Erskine began the Bejan class, and
thirty -six matriculated in March 1705. Mr. Scott,
with thirty supervenients, went forward with the
Semi class ; Mr. Kobert Stewart with the Bachelors ;
and Mr. William Law with the Magistrands.

On the 29th of November, the Town -Council ap-
pointed the book belonging to the College of Edin-

1 [See these laws at p. 271-1

1705.
The one

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 291

burgh, entitled, " Eegister of the University of Edin-
burgh," to be put up in the charter-house, and
ordained their clerk to write at the end of it, that
the same was condemned, as informal, and many ways
vitiated, in terms of the act of Council, June 16th,
bypast. At the same meeting, the Bibliothecar was
ordered to pursue all who had borrowed books out of
the Library, and had not returned them ; and the
Professors were certified that if they did not return
what books they had borrowed, the Council would
order their salaries to be stopped till they did so. 1

The 117th class, under the charge of Mr. William
Law, being in the fourth year of their course, ten of J
them received the usual degree privately, and on the graduated
9th of April thirty-five of them publicly ; on which
occasion the printing of Theses, which seems to have
been omitted for a considerable number of years, was
revived. 2 A copy of what was printed on this occa-
sion is preserved in the College collection, dedicated
to Sir Patrick Johnston, Knight, Lord Provost, and
to the rest of the Town-Council. By a list of students
prefixed, it appears that the Magistrand class on this
occasion consisted of 110.

On the 29th of August, Eobert Elliot, surgeon, was
allowed by the Town-Council fifteen pounds sterling
yearly for teaching Anatomy.

" EDINBURGH, 29th August 1705.

" The which day, anent the petition given in by Robert Elliot,
chirurgeon -apothecary, burgess of Edinburgh, showing that where it
being the practice of the best regulated cities to give encouragement

1 Town-Council Records.

2 [The Theses, however, for the year 1704, were printed.]

292 HISTORY OF THE

to the professing and teaching of liberal arts and sciences for the
education of youth, to the great benefit and advantage of the place ;
and the petitioner, by an act of the incorporation of the chirurgeon-
apothecaries of this city, [was] unanimously elected their public dis-
sector of anatomy, the petitioner was of intention to make a public
profession and teaching thereof for instructing of youth, to serve her
Majesty's lieges both at home and abroad, in her armies and fleets,
which he hoped, by the blessing of God, would be a means in saving
much money to the nation, expended in teaching anatomy in foreign
places, beside the preventing of many dangers and inconveniences to
which youth were exposed in their travels to other countries : and
the petitioner finding this undertaking will prove expensive, and
cannot be done without suitable encouragement, has therefore laid
the matter before the Council, who have been always ready to give
encouragement to such undertakings ; and therefore craved the
Council to consider the premises, and to remit to a committee of
their number to hear and receive what proposals the petitioner had
to make for setting up of the said profession, and to report, as the
petition bears : Which being considered by the Council, they remitted
the consideration of the same to a committee of their own number,
who accordingly reported that they, having considered the above
petition, were of opinion that the profession of anatomy was very
necessary and useful to this nation, and might be very helpful to the
youth that follow that art, and might prevent much needless expense
spent by them abroad : And in regard the petitioner was, by the
incorporation of the chirurgeons, unanimously chosen for that effect,
therefore the committee were of opinion that the petitioner should
have an yearly allowance of what sum the Council should think fit,
towards the encouragement and defraying his charges and expenses
thereanent, with this express provision and condition, that the peti-
tioner take exact notice and inspection of the order and condition of
the rarities of the College ; and that an exact inventory be made of
the same, and given in to the Council ; and also to keep the said
rarities in good order and condition, during the said allowance, as
the report under the hands of the committee bears : Which being ,-
considered by the Council, they, with the extraordinary deacons,
approved thereof ; and for the petitioner's encouragement to go on
in the said profession, they allow the petitioner fifteen pounds ster-
ling of yearly salary . . . during the Council's pleasure." 1 . . .

1 Town-Council Records.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 293

In October, Mr. Law began the new Bejan class,
and he matriculated sixty-six. Mr. Erskine proceeded
in the Semi class, having eighteen supervenients ; Mr.
Scott with the Bachelors ; and Mr. Kobert Stewart
with the Magistrands.

On the 14th of May this year, Mr. David Cockburn,
A.M., received the degree of M.D., the first medical
degree on record conferred by the College of Edin-
burgh. The ceremony was performed by Principal
Carstairs, attended by Mr. William Law, Mr. William
Scott, Mr. Charles Erskine, and Mr. Robert Stewart,
Professors of Philosophy, Mr. Laurence Dundas, Pro-
fessor of Humanity, and Mr. John Goodall, Professor
of Hebrew, the candidate having subscribed a very
particular form of oath, adapted to the nature of the
degree. It was an abridged form of Hippocrates's
oath. 1

The 118th class, under the charge of Mr. Eobert i 70 6.
Stewart, being now in their fourth year, twenty of
them were graduated privately, at different times, on
and after the 28th of February 1706.

On the llth of September, Mr. Alexander Rule,
formerly Professor of Hebrew, son of the late Dr.
Rule, Principal, obtained a pension of fifty marks
quarterly, in consequence of his having resigned, and
in consideration of his circumstances. 2

In October 1706, Mr. Robert Stewart having en-
tered on the charge of the new Bejan class, he matri-
culated only eighteen on the 26th of February 1707.

1 Vid. Hippocrat. Opera, edit. Lugcl. Bat. 1665. Gr. Lat. vol. i. p. 42.

2 Town-Council Records.

294 HISTORY OF THE

Mr. Law went on with the Semi class, having forty-
six supervenients ; Mr. Erskine had the Bachelors ;
and Mr. Scott the Magistrands.
1707. The 119th class, under the tuition of Mr. William

The one

JiSS2nth nd Scott, being now in the fourth year of their course,
eight of them were graduated privately, at different
times, and twenty publicly, on the 7th of April 1707.
By a deed of Queen Anne, dated February 1 1, 170 7, 1
a Professorship of Public Law, and of the Law of Nature
and Nations, was instituted in favour of Mr. Charles
Erskine, one of the Regents or Professors of Philo-
sophy. The fund appointed for a salary to this new
Professor was 150 per annum, obtained by sinking
fifteen of King William's twenty Divinity Bursaries ;
a scandalous job, which ought not to have been con-
sented to by her Majesty's ministers, and which was
resisted by the patrons and the Principal and Pro-
fessors of the University. In the deed itself, the
pretext for sinking the bursaries is stated to have
been the ceasing of the original reason for founding
them ; which is alleged to have been to encourage
young men to enter upon the study of Theology, that
the great number of vacancies in the churches at that
time might be supplied with learned and able pastors ;
an object which, it is pretended, had been obtained
by the time of the institution of this Professorship ;
and that therefore this last institution was likely to
prove more beneficial to the public. The argument
in both cases has been by the event proved equally
fallacious, for the institution has hitherto been of

1 Privy Seal English Records, in the Register Office, vol. vi. folio 180.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 295

almost no advantage to the public ; and a most useful
society, lately established for the benefits of the sons of
the clergy, has proved how advantageous the bursaries
still would have been if they had existed.

On the 21st of May 1707, Bailie John Cleghorn
produced to the Town-Council an extract from the
treasurer's books of his protest taken at Holyrood
house, on that day, in conjunction with Bailie William
Baird, Treasurer, and Mr. George Meldrum, Professor
of Divinity, for his interest, for themselves, and in
name of the Magistrates, in presence of the Lord High
Commissioner, James Duke of Queensberry, and Lords
Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury and Exche-
quer : That the passing of a signature in favour of
Mr. Charles Erskine, one of the Eegents of the Col-
lege, as Professor of Law, for .150 sterling of yearly
salary, as a part of the fund of 200 sterling, morti-
fied by the late King William, out of the late Bishops'
rents, for maintenance of twenty bursars in the said
College, with all that has followed, or may follow there-
upon, should not in the least prejudge a former gift
granted by the late King William, perpetually mor-
tifying the said sum of 200 sterling, for the mainten-
ance of the said twenty bursars ; which protestation the
Lord High Commissioner, and Lords of her Majesty's
Treasury and Exchequer, admitted. Whereupon they
took instruments in the hands of Sir James Mackenzie,
Clerk of her Majesty's Treasury and Exchequer. 1

Mr. Erskine was no doubt a man of ability ; but
instead of doing the duty of his new office, and for

1 Town-Council Records.

296 HISTORY OF THE

which he had resigned his Regency of Philosophy, he
took this opportunity to make the tour of Europe ; and
on his return, having devoted himself to the practice
of the law, he rose to be her Majesty's Advocate, and
afterwards Lord Justice-Clerk. He held the Professor-
ship till he became Lord Advocate in the year 1734,
and then resigned it. Soon after the erection of this
office, Mr. Erskine had interest to obtain another
grant from her Majesty Queen Anne, allocating the
payment of the salary upon the rents of the See of
Edinburgh, by which means it became payable in
grain, and therefore often amounts to an annual sum
far beyond that of the original intention of 150, and
is by much the most lucrative salary in the University
of Edinburgh.

When Mr. Erskine, on the 17th of October 1707,
resigned his Professorship of Philosophy, Mr. Colin
Druinmond, son of the late Adam Drummond of Meg-
ginsh, was elected in his place, but not by comparative
trial, as we learn from the Town-Council Records.

On the petition of Mr. Druimnond, that he might-
be chosen to succeed to this charge, the Town-Council
recommended to the Principal and Masters, with some
of the ministers, to take trial of his qualifications, and to
report. And, on the 24th of October, the Town-Coun-
cil, considering their undoubted power, with the advice
of the ministers of the city, to appoint Professors and
Masters, to input and output the same within the
College of Edinburgh, did, upon report of the quali-
fications of the above Colin Drummond, appoint him
Regent in place of Mr. Erskine, with all emoluments,

UNFVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 297

fees, and profits. He compeared and accepted, made
oath de fideli administrations ; promised to observe
and obey all the laws and constitutions of the College
already made, or to be made, and to submit to the
Magistrates and Council ; and took the oath of alle-
giance, and subscribed it, with the assurance, to her
Majesty Queen Anne. 1

In October, at the meeting of the College, Mr. Scott
entered upon the charge of the new Bejan class, of
which the number at matriculation amounted to fifty.
Mr. Stewart with seventeen supervenients proceeded
in the Semi class ; Mr. Law in the Bachelor ; and
Mr. Colin Drummond, who had succeeded Mr. Erskine,
took the charge of the Magistrand class.

On the 7th of November 1707, Mr. Charles Erskine
" appeared in Council, and produced a gift under the
Privy-seal making and constituting him her Majesty's
Professor of Public Law, Law of Nature and Nations,
in the College of Edinburgh, and therefore craved the
Council would call the Principal and Masters of the
College and install him in the said office, and ad-
minister to him the oath of allegiance, to be subscribed
by him with the assurance, and also the oath de
fideli, and to use the haill other order for qualifying
him according to law."

The Lord Provost, in name of the Council, refused,
as they had already protested in Exchequer against the
passing of the said gift, because it contained a dispo-
sition to the sum of 150 sterling, payable yearly to
him out of the sum of 200 sterling, mortified by the

1 Town-Council Records.

298 HISTORY OF THE

late King William's letters to the College of Edinburgh
for the maintenance of twenty bursars of theology.

Mr. Erskine " protested, that he might possess and
enjoy the said profession and yearly salary with all
other profits, emoluments, and dignity competent
thereto, sicklike as if he had been actually qualified
thereto, and admitted in manner forsaid, and for
all cost, skaith, damage, and expenses he may happen
to sustain by and through the Magistrates and Town-
Council their refusing to qualify and admit him, as
said is ; and thereupon asked and took instruments in
the hands of the Town-Clerk ; and further protested
that this his protest be recorded in the Town-Council's
books, for the better verification of the premisses." 1
no8. The 120th class, under the tuition of Mr. Colin
Drummond, being in the fourth year of their course,
seventeen of them were graduated at different times.

In June this year, at the rising of the College, the
Senatus Academicus stood as follows :

Mr. William Carstairs, Principal.

Mr. George Meldrum, Professor of Divinity.

Mr. John Gumming, Regius Professor of Divinity ami

Ecclesiastical History.
Mr. William Law, \

Mr. William Scott, I Regents or Professors of

Mr. Robert Stewart, f Philosophy.

Mr. Colin Drummond,

Mr. Laurence Dundas, Professor of Humanity.
Mr. James Gregory, Professor of Mathematics.
Mr. John Goodall, Professor of Oriental Languages.
Mr. Charles Erskine, Regius Professor of Public Law, and

Law of Nature and Nations.

1 Town-Council ReconU

The one
hundred and
twentieth
class gra-
duated.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 299

This was the year in which the new regulations for
the teaching of Greek and Philosophy took place ;
which were ratified by an act of the Town-Council,
patrons of the University, of date the 16th of June
1708. It was enacted for the future,

" 1. That all the parts of Philosophy should be
taught in two years, as they are in the most famous
Universities abroad.

" 2. That, as a consequence of this article, there be
but two Philosophy classes in the College, to be taught
by two of the four present Professors of Philosophy.

" 3. That in the first of these classes the students
be taught Logic and Metaphysics ; and in the last a
compend of Ethics and Natural Philosophy.

" 4. Because there are many useful things belonging
to the Pneumatics and Moral Philosophy which the
two Professors, in the present method of teaching
classes, cannot overtake, therefore it is proposed that
one of the two remaining Professors shall be appointed
to teach these two parts of Philosophy more fully, at
such times as the students are not obliged to be in
their classes. And because he has not the charge of
a class, he may have public lessons of Philosophy in
the common hall, where all the students may be pre-
sent at such times as shall be most convenient.

" 5. That there shall be a fixed Professor of Greek,
but so that neither he nor his successors shall, upon
any pretence whatsoever, endeavour to hinder the ad-
mission of students into the Philosophy classes in the
usual manner, although they have not been taught
Greek by him.

" 6. And in regard the present Professors have

300 HISTORY OF THE

given a proof of their qualifications in all the parts
both of Philosophy and Greek, therefore when any of
these four Professors' places becomes vacant, the re-
maining Professors of these now in places, allenarly,
shall have the offer of the vacancy according to their
standing ; and when one chooses it the rest shall, in
the like manner, be allowed to succeed him." 1

In consequence of these regulations the four Ke-
gents, without waiting for a vacancy, were prevailed
with to make the following arrangement : Mr. William
Law, at that time oldest Professor in the University,
and who was esteemed peculiarly qualified to teach
Moral Philosophy, agreed to restrict and limit himself
to that department ; Mr. William Scott confined him-
self to the Greek ; Mr. Robert Stewart to the Natural
Philosophy ; and Mr. Colin Drummond to the Logic.

But as it was understood that the Professor of
Moral Philosophy was to give only public lectures,
and consequently to receive no honoraries from his
students, the patrons thought proper that he should
have 50 of additional salary. This was therefore
expressed in his new commission. But as, according
to the old plan of teaching, Mr. Law at this time had
the charge of a class who had just completed the third
year of their course, he was authorized, likewise, in his
new commission, to continue his charge through the
fourth or Magistrand year, previous to the commence-
ment of the new mode of teaching ; and 500 marks
additional were ordered to be paid him yearly from
October 1709, till the sum of 50 should be provided.

A new commission was likewise granted to JMr.

1 Register of the University of Edinburgh, p. 60 ; Town-Council Records.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 301

William Scott to be Professor of Greek, in terms of
the above regulations ; his teaching of that language
to commence in October 1709.

On the 24th of June, at a meeting of the Town-Coun-
cil in the College high common-hall, present also the
Professors Law, Scott, Stewart, Drummond, Dundas,
and Goodall ; Bailie Archibald Cockburn and the
College Committee were appointed to inquire what
books were lent out of the Library or were wanting,
and to report to the Council betwixt that date and
the 10th of July next. Meanwhile the Bibliothecar
was appointed to furnish the committee with the re-
ceipts of the books lent, and to mark what books
might probably be recovered, and what not. The
Council for the future prohibited the Library-Keeper
to lend books to any but the Professors, and such
students as produced an order for the particular books
they were to borrow under their own Professor's hands,
to be returned within three months. The Professors
were recommended not to borrow any books out of
the Library, but for their own use.

The Library-Keeper was also ordained from time
to time to give notice to the College treasurer against
the masters who were transgressors hereof, that the
payment of their salaries might be stopped accordingly.
An exact alphabetical catalogue was wanted, which
the Library-Keeper was ordered to prepare some years
ago. The Council now peremptorily enjoined him to
prepare the same betwixt that date and the 1st of
January 1710, under pain of deprivation. No manu-
script, under any pretence whatsoever, was to be lent.

302 HISTORY OF THE

The Council also enacted that no bursar should be
admitted till first tried by the Professors. Humanity
bursars were to be tried by the Professor of Greek,
and bursars of Greek were to be tried by the Professor
of Humanity. And as now, according to the new
method of teaching, there were only two Philosophy
classes, the bursars were to be obliged, with respect
to the two first years, to spend one in the Hiimanity
class, and the other in the Greek, and none was to
have a bursary who had not stayed a year in each of
these classes, and none was to enjoy his bursar} 7 longer
than he was a student in one of the classes of the
College : And in regard Hector Foord's mortification
required of the bursars on it five years' attendance,
and that they should enter the Humanity class, they
were to be obliged to study two years in one of the
two lower classes. The Council further ordained that
all bursars, after they had begun their Philosophy
studies, should attend the Professor of Hebrew's
lessons ; also bursars of Divinity ; and that none
should be admitted bursars of Divinity until they
procured the Professor of Hebrew's certificate that
they attended his lessons. 1

On the 30th of July, the Council considering that,
agreeably to an act dated September 11, 1706, the
sum of fifty marks Scots quarterly, allowed to Mr.
Alexander Kule, late Professor of Hebrew, was pay
able for his use to Bailie Archibald Kule, who is now
in a dying condition, appointed this sum, in time
coming, during the Council's pleasure, to be paid 1<>

i Town-Council Records.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 303

David Kennedy, writer in Edinburgh, for the said
Mr. Alexander's use. 1

In October 1708, the College having met, Mr.
Drummond had the charge of the new Bejan class for
this course on the old plan ; Mr. William Scott the
Semi class ; Mr. Eobert Stewart the Bachelor ; and
Mr. Law the Magistrand.

About this time the salaries of many of the Pro-
fessors being still extremely small, amounting to no
more than 400 marks each, i.e., 22, 4s. 5jd., yearly,
paid by the town to four of the number, and 50 to
the Professor of Moral Philosophy, who had no other
emolument ; Principal Carstairs, from a disinterested
regard to the society of which he was the head, used
his interest with Queen Anne, and obtained from her
Majesty a donation of 250 sterling yearly, to make
additional salaries to those Professors who were worst
provided ; and the distribution of this fund being
committed to himself, he divided it into seven equal
parts, to make an addition of 30 annually. These
were the Professors of Humanity, Greek, Logic,
Natural Philosophy, and Moral Philosophy, Mathe-
matics, and Hebrew ; Mr. Gregory having had from
his first admission till that time 50 of salary from
the town, and the Professor of Hebrew the same sum.
This fund, which is commonly called Queen Anne's
Bounty, was, during the remainder of her reign, paid
out of the Post Office, but has been ever since put
upon the Civil List. 2

1 Town-Council Records. 2 Mr. Mackie's Account.

CHAPTER VI.

FROM THE NEW ARRANGEMENT RESPECTING THE REGENTS

OF PHILOSOPHY TO THE INSTITUTION OF THE

MEDICAL FACULTY IN 1723.

1709. ON the 10th of June, the Town-Council subscribed,
in name of the town, the sum of fifty pounds sterling
for procuring instruments and machines necessary for
confirming and illustrating by experiments the truths
advanced in the Mathematics and Natural Philosophy
within the University, as proposed by the Principal
and Professors. 1

On the 17th of August, Mr. William Hamilton,
minister of Cramond, was elected Professor of Divi-
nity, in place of Mr. George Meldrum. As it was
ordained by the Town-Council that he should have no
ministerial charge, " the said office, when in conjunc-
tion with the ministerial charge, being too great a
burden for one person," the Council, for his greater
encouragement, fixed upon him 2000 marks Scots of
yearly salary, being 400 marks more than former Pro-
fessors enjoyed, with the house in the College formerly
possessed by Mr. Meldrum. 2

1^ one The 121st class having, now in their fourth year,

twJntyiSt 1 under the charge of Mr. Law, forty-three, including

Cla *

four Englishmen, received the degree of A.M. at dif-

1 Town Council Records. 8 Ibid.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 305

ferent times ; of whom Mr. Edmund Calamy, minister
of the gospel at London, after subscribing the West-
minster Confession of Faith, received also the degree
of D.D. Six more were made Masters of Arts on
the 20th of October this year. The taking the
degree of A.M. for the future became much more
irregular.

On the 28th of October, Mr. William Hamilton,
who had been chosen Professor of Divinity, without
any other charge, accepted of the said office in pre-
sence of the Town-Council, took the oath de fideli ad-
ministratione, the oath of allegiance to her Majesty
Queen Anne, and subscribed the same with the assur-
ance, promising at the same time to subject himself in
all things to the regulation of the patrons of the Col-
lege. The Principal reported that the said Professor
had likewise qualified himself by subscribing the Con-
fession of Faith before the Presbytery of Edinburgh. 1

On the same day, after reading the laws and con-
stitutions of the College, the Lord Provost, Rector of
the said College, interrogated the Principal if they
were observed. The Principal answered, that they
were observed in so far as it was thought proper for
the greater convenience and better improvement of
learning. 2

The Librarian was asked about the Alphabetical
Catalogue. He said that he had made considerable
progress in it, and would complete it with all possible
diligence. The Provost again recommended to him
that it might be finished against the time prescribed

1 Town-Council Records. 2 Ibid.

306 HISTORY OF THE

in the act of the 24th of June 1708, and that under
the penalties contained therein. 1

nog-mo. In October 170 9, the College having met, the teach
ing was conducted upon the new plan, and the classes
matriculated in the following order :

1. The Humanity class was matriculated for the
first time, under Professor Laurence Dundas, in num-
ber seventy, March 1, 1710.

2. The Bejan or Greek class, under Professor Wil-
liam Scott, in number fifty-four, March 1, 1710.

3. The Semi or Logic class, under Professor Colin
Drummond, in number forty-one.

4. The Magistrand or Natural Philosophy class,
under Professor Eobert Stewart, in number forty-six.

The Moral Philosophy class was not matriculated,
being a gratis class.
The one This year, thirty-two students took the degree of

hundmland %

sle e o n nd ciass A.M. privately, and at different times.

In the year 1710, the Senatus Academicus stood as
follows :

Mr. William Carstairs, Principal.

Mr. William Hamilton, Professor of Divinity.

Mr. John Gumming, Regius Professor of Divinity and Ecclesias-
tical History.

Mr. Laurence Dundas, Professor of Humanity.

Mr. William Scott, Professor of Greek.

Mr. Colin Drummond, Professor of Logic.

Mr. Robert Stewart, Professor of Natural Philosophy.

Mr. William Law, Professor of Moral Philosophy.

Mr. James Gregory, Professor of Mathematics.

Mr. John Goodall, Professor of Oriental Languages.

Mr. Charles Erekine, Regius Professor of Public Law and the
Law of Nature and Nations.

1 Town-Council Records.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 307

In October the College, as usual, assembled, and at mo-mi.
the matriculation of the classes the number were as
follows :

1. The Humanity class, Mr. Laurence Dundas, Pro-
fessor, in number sixty-five, February 20, 17 11.

2. The Greek class, Mr. William Scott, Professor,
in number fifty- two, February 21, 1711.

3. The Logic class, Mr. Colin Drummond, Professor,
in number fifty-six, February 21, 1711.

4. The Natural Philosophy class, Mr. Robert Stewart,
Professor, in number fifty.

The students in each of these classes are to be con
sidered as different, and therefore the number of stu-
dents of Humanity, Greek, and Philosophy, was in all
223 this year.

The hours of assembling these classes, if we may
judge from what was the custom long after, were eight
in the morning and eleven in the forenoon, and three
times in the week, one o'clock afternoon. The Pro-
fessors of Humanity and Greek had each of them a
separate hour for his private class, for carrying on
such students as chose to attend them in the know-
ledge of Latin and Greek. The hour for the former is
supposed to have been nine in the morning, and that
for the latter ten. The Professors of Mathematics,
and of Moral Philosophy, gave their instructions to
whatever students from the other classes chose to
attend them ; the former receiving fees, the latter
none. But as some students might probably attend
the Mathematics, who were at no other class in the
College, and about forty might attend the stated classes

308 HISTORY OF THE

who did not matriculate, the number of students, ex-
clusive of students of Divinity (of whose number there
is, at this time, no record), attending the College this
year might be about 270 or 280; a number by no
means equal to what had been known on many former
years. Indeed, about the time of the Union of the
Kingdoms, and for many years after, the College does
not seem to have been in so flourishing a condition as
it was in formerly, and now is ; the reason of which
was the removal of the Scottish Parliament, and of the
immediate patronage of the people in power, etc.

On the 18th of October 1710, the Town-Council,
patrons of the University, having taken into consider-
ation the great utility of a public teacher of the Civil
Law in their College, and that, for want of such, young
gentlemen disposed to that study were obliged to go
abroad to foreign Universities, therefore they resolved
to elect Mr. James Craig, Advocate, of whose qualifi-
cations for the office they were fully assured, Professor
of the Civil Law in the College of Edinburgh, but
without a salary in the meantime, till a fund should
in some way be provided for that purpose ; and Mr.
Craig accepted of the office on this condition.

On the 28th of December, same year, the Rev. Mr.
Jonathan Harley received the degree of M.D., having
been examined and recommended as duly qualified by
Dr. Matthew St. Clair, President, Dr. David Mitchell,
Dr. David Dickson, and Dr. James Forrest, Fellows of
the Royal College of Physicians, Edinburgh. He was
the second doctor of physic created by the University
of Edinburgh.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 309

In 1711, the degree A.M. was conferred on three
privately, and on eleven publicly. On the 6th ofSSSS?
April, Benjamin Avery, A.M., an Englishman, had the
degree of LL.D. publicly conferred on him.

On the 2d of January 1712, Mr. George Preston, 1711-1712.
apothecary and burgess of Edinburgh, was elected
Professor of Botany in the College, and Master of the
Physic Garden of the city, in place of the deceased
Charles Preston, Doctor of Medicine ; the Council
"allowing him the sum of ten pounds sterling of
yearly salary, for his encouragement, to carry on the
said profession of Botany, and cultivate the said
garden ; and to keep correspondents for procuring
plants and seeds from foreign countries ; and with the
burden always of the payment of forty pounds Scots
to the treasurer of the Trinity Hospital for the said
garden, as formerly." 1

On the 10th of September, the Town-Council ordered
the College treasurer to pay to George Preston an
additional salary of ten pounds sterling, on condition
that he should build a green-house in the Physic
Garden.

"EDINBURGH, September 10, 1712.

" The which day the Council, with the extraordinary deacons,
upon a petition given in by George Preston, Botanist and Intendant
of the Physic Garden, showing that he had been at considerable
charges in putting the garden in good order, and in laying two new
syvers for draining of the ground that was much ruined with under-
water, and in laying of new ground above these syvers and other parts
of the garden, for the better improving of the plants, besides con -
siderable charges in adding of new plants that were wanting, and
that he would be at yet more considerable charges in bringing of
1 Town-Council Records.

310 HISTORY OF THE

new plants out of foreign countries, and was of intention to build a
green-house, which was most necessary for preserving of foreign and
tender plants and trees, and that his present salary was so very
mean that he could not proceed in so great an undertaking unless he
were enabled thereto by some allowance from the honourable Magis-
trates and Council, patrons of the said garden ; which being con-
sidered by the Council, they remitted the consideration thereof to a
committee of their number, who reported that they, having considered
the said petition, were of opinion that the Council, for encourage-
ment of so good and useful an undertaking, should add to the
petitioner's former salary ten pounds sterling yearly, to be paid by
the College treasurer, upon this general condition, that he should
build the green-house above mentioned, and likewise keep the College
garden in good order, and to that effect, to recommend to the College
treasurer to deliver to the petitioner the keys of the said garden, and
put him in possession, as the report under the hands of the com-
mittee more fully bears : Which being considered by the Council,
they, with the extraordinary deacons, approved of the said report,
and allowed to the petitioner ten pounds sterling of additional salary
by and attour the present salary in use to be paid to him, and ap-
pointed the present College treasurer, and his successors in office, to
pay the same to him termly, commencing the said additional salary
from Lammas last, beginning the first term's payment at Candlemas
next, and thenceforth termly in time coming, during the Council's
pleasure ; whereanent thir presents shall be a warrant." l

In October the College again convened, and

1. Professor Laurence Dundas matriculated in the
Humanity class, February 25, 1712, sixty students.

2. Professor William Scott in the Greek class, Feb-
ruary 27, seventy students.

3. Professor Colin Drummond in the Logic class,
February 29, forty-five students.

4. Professor Robert Stewart in the Natural Philo-
sophy class, February 23 and 29, fifty students.

1 Town Council Records.

ated.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 311

At different times fifteen students received the de- ,

hundred and

gree of A.M. privately, two of whom in their absence. Sfciass
In October the College again met, and 1112-13.

1. Mr. Laurence Dundas, on the 18th of February
1713, matriculated fifty -seven students of Humanity.

2. Mr. William Scott, February the 20th, thirty-two
students of Greek.

3. Mr. Colin Drummond, February the 23d, forty-
six students of Logic.

4. Mr. Robert Stewart, February the 23d, forty-four
students of Philosophy.

On the 24th of February, 1713, four received the The one

J ' hundred and

degree of A.M. privately; and on the 9th of April,
ten publicly in the common hall, after the Principal
had delivered a discourse, " De Sacrso Scripturse
necessitate, interpretatione et utilitate." On the 16th
of June, four more were graduated publicly, one of
them having defended a theses. Edward Leeds was
first created A.M. then LL.D. on the 30th of July
publicly.

On the 1st of April, same year, Mr. Goodall, Pro-
fessor of Hebrew, was allowed by the Council the use
of the four rooms in the College lying on the north-
west corner, near the top of the Horse Wynd, for the
space of four years after Whitsunday next, upon his
obliging himself to repair the said four rooms at his
own charges, and to leave them in a good condition at
the expiration of the said years. On the 8th of the
same month, the place of Andrew M'Lellan, Janitor,
was declared vacant by the Council, and James Seton
was chosen in his place, burdened, as Mr? M'Lellan

312 HISTORY OF THE

had been, with 300 pounds Scots, to Elizabeth Black-
adder. 1

On the 1st of July, the Council passed an act
taking off from Mr. William Hamilton, Professor of
Divinity, the restraint of their act, August 17, 1709,
and allowing him to be chosen a minister of Edinburgh,
and his salary in that case to be 1600 marks yearly
instead of 2000. 2

Charles Melvill, being in England, obtained the
degree of M.D., on the 26th of August, in conse-
quence of an ample recommendation.

On the 9th of December 1713, the Town- Council
wishing to introduce the study of Physic as a branch of
education into their College, which they were entitled
to do from the original charter granted to them by
King James the Sixth, elected James Crawford, M.D.,
to be Professor of Chemistry and Medicine, but with-
out a salary ; and they allotted him two apartments
within the College for teaching these sciences,
ms 14. On the meeting of the College in October

1. Mr Laurence Dundas matriculated fifty-five
students of Humanity, February 26, 1714.

2. Mr. William Scott, forty-six students of Greek,
March 1.

3. Mr. Colin Drummond, thirty-nine students <>!'
Logic, March 3.

4. Mr. Robert Stewart, forty -three students of Na-
tural Philosophy.

The one This session fifteen students received the degree of

li n M. I ifl aii' I . | . 1 -i. 11*1

*ixth A.M. privately, and nine publicly.

1 Town-Council Records. c Ibid.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 3 1 3

On the 5th of May, George Warrender of Lochend,
Lord Provost of Edinburgh, presented to the Town-
Council a letter from Kobert Brown in Zamose, in
Poland, addressed to the Provost and Council, dated
July 14, 1713, mortifying 500 sterling for two
Protestant students at the College of Edinburgh, the
one to be a Scottish student, and the other a Polish,
who were to receive the ordinary interest allowed by
law yearly for their maintenance and education at the
said College. Lord Arnistoun, and Mr. Michael Allan,
merchant in Edinburgh, were to be conjunct with the
Town-Council in the direction thereof. In case the
interest yielded six per cent, there would be 30 per
annum. Two fifth parts were to be allowed to the
one student to be born in Scotland, and of the surname
of Brown, but if none of that name appeared, to any
other whom the Council, Lord Arnistoun, and Mr.
Allan should think fit. The other student, who was
to be born a Pole, was to have three-fifths of the said
stock ; and in order to enjoy it, he behoved to be
provided with a sufficient testimony and recom-
mendation from the Synod of the Protestant Polish
ministers in Poland, " and then by the consent and
recommendation of the elders of my countrymen,
Protestant burgesses of this city [Zamose], to your
worthy selves or your successors." The student was
to enjoy the bursary until he had finished his
studies at the College, as is usual in such cases.
The principal sum was paid by Mr. Allan to the
College Treasurer. 1

i Town-Council Records.

314 HISTORY OF THE

On the 1st of August 1714, Queen A nnp. expired,
and George the First succeeded

In that year, Mr. John Gumming, Regius Professor
of Divinity and Ecclesiastical History, dying, was suc-
ceeded by Mr. William Dunlop, a celebrated preacher
in 1715.
17H-1715. On the meeting of the College in October 1714

1. Mr. Laurence Dundas matriculated sixty-six
students of Humanity, February 28.

2. Mr. William Scott, fifty-eight students of Greek,
March 2.

3. Mr. Colin Drummond, thirty-four students of
Logic, March 2.

4. Mr. Robert Stewart, only ten students of Philo-
sophy.

The one This session fifteen students received the degree of

hundred and

A.M., all privately.

ated 8 * On the 4th of March 1715, the Town-Council, hav-

1715-1716.

ing met with the Principal and Professors of the Col-
lege in the Council-Chamber, elected Mr. William
Hamilton, Professor of Divinity, member of next
General Assembly. On the same day, it was agreed
that Mr. William Dunlop should be received into the
College as second Professor of Divinity, on his Majesty
King George the First's presentation. 1

The Rebellion prevailed in Scotland at this time, par
ticularly in Lothian in the month of October, which,
no doubt, was unfavourable to the assembling of the
College.

November 13, the rebels surrendered at Preston.

1 Town-Council Records.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 315

On the same day the battle of Dunblane was fought.
Not long after, the Pretender landed in Scotland, but
was soon obliged to re-embark and make his escape,
and the rebellion was soon quelled.

On the meeting of the College in October 1715

1. Mr. Laurence Dundas matriculated fifty-two
students of Humanity, February 28.

2. Mr. William Scott, forty-five students of Greek,
March 2.

3. Mr. Colin Drummond, thirty -eight students of
Logic, March 2.

4. Mr. Eobert Stewart did not matriculate.

This session eight students received the degree of The one

hundred and

A.M, all privately.

Mr. William Carstairs, Principal, having died on the ^
28th of December 1715, the patrons, on the 1st of
June 1716, elected the Reverend Mr. William Wishart
in his stead, and a copy of the instructions, usually
given to the Principal, was ordered to be ready to be
delivered to him at his inauguration.

The Senatus Academicus now stood as follows :

The Rev. Mr. William Wishart, Principal.

Mr. William Hamilton, Professor of Divinity.

Mr. William Dunlop, Regius Professor of Divinity and

Ecclesiastical History.

Mr. Laurence Dundas, Professor of Humanity.
Mr. William Scott, Professor of Greek.
Mr. Colin Drummond, Professor of Logic.
Mr. Robert Stewart, Professor of Natural Philosophy.
Mr. William Law, Professor of Moral Philosophy.
Mr. James Gregory, Professor of Mathematics.
Mr. John Goodall, Professor of Oriental Languages.

316 HISTORY OF THE

Mr. Charles Erskine, Regius Professor of Public Law and

Law of Nature and Nations.
Mr. James Craig, Professor of Civil Law.
Dr. James Crawford, Professor of Chemistry and Medicine.

On the 24th of August 1*716, bond was granted by
the Town-Council to James Laing, merchant, College
treasurer, for 20,600 pounds Scots, expressing, that
considering that they had authorized the said James
Laing to uplift 20,600 pounds of the stock due to the
College by the Town, from Sir William Johnston and
others, undertakers to pay the good Town's debts, and
to lend the same to the good Town, for paying part of
a debt contracted by the said good Town for the extra-
ordinary expenses the Town had been put to in forti-
fying the City during the late rebellion, and for the
levies of men raised for defence thereof ; which sum
was contained in the following College bonds granted
by the good Town :

1. A bond (of date June 4, 1675) for 2000 pounds
Scots, mortified by William Tweedie, late Kegent ; of
which the annual rent was payable to the Professor of
Humanity, over and above his salary.

2. A bond for 1800 pounds Scots, being Dr. Robert
Leighton's mortification (of date September 30, 1685),
for a bursar of Divinity.

3. A bond for 1200 pounds Scots, mortified by
John Penman, Bailie, for a bursifc

4. A bond for 4000 pounds Scots, mortifil 1>\
James Nairn for two Divinity bursars.

5. A bond for 6000 pounds Scots, granted to Sir
Donald Bain of Tnlloch, in prosecution of a mortification

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 317

for John Bain of Pitcarlie, for three bursars of Divinity,
to be presented by the said Sir Donald Bain, and his
heirs succeeding him in the estate of Tulloch.

6. A bond for 1000 pounds Scots, mortified by Sir
Patrick Hepburn of Blackcastle, for a Philosophy
bursar, to be presented by Sir Colin Campbell of
Arbuchell, and Sir Patrick Aikenhead, and their heirs,
per vices.

7. A bond for 1533 pounds, 6 shillings, and 8 pence,
Scots, mortified by James Pringle of Torwoodlee, for
a Divinity bursar, or Philosophy, to be presented by
him and his heirs.

8. A bond of 3066 pounds Scots, granted to the
Presbytery of Dunbar, for two bursars, which was
left by Thomas Bryson, sometime bailie in Dunbar,
to be presented by the said Presbytery. 1

The College having met as usual in October 17161717

1. Mr. Laurence Dundas, in February 1717, ma-
triculated seventy-five students of Humanity.

2. Mr. William Scott, March 1, fifty-three students
of Greek.

3. Mr. Colin Drummond, in March and April, sixty-
nine students of Logic.

4. Mr. Robert Stewart matriculated no students of
Natural Philosophy.

This session only five students received the degree The one

hundred and

of A.M. Oliver Horsman, from England, received the
degree of LL.D., and James Dalgleish and John Quincy a
that of M.D. John Quincy was recommended by the
celebrated Dr. Mead, and also Dr. Brown of London.

1 Town-Council Records.

318 HISTORY OF THE

]7i7-ni8. In October, the classes having met, there was matri-
culated

1. By Mr. Laurence Dundas, on the 26th of Feb-
ruary, seventy-seven students of Humanity.

2. By Mr. William Scott, February 28, fifty-four
students of Greek.

3. By Mr. Colin Drummond, February, seventy-one
students of Logic.

4. By Mr. Kobert Stewart no matriculation.

The one This session, eighteen students received the degree

hundred and

cil e adu- f A - M -> an( l a11 privately.

at i e 7i8-i7i9 On the 21st of May 1718, the treasurer reported to
the Town-Council that the accountant had revised the
acts of Council concerning the College funds, in order
to make up a just rental. It was found that the par-
ticular mortifications in the act of Council, dated
January 23, 1656, extended to 73,400 pounds Scots,
but the act itself only mentioned 71,000 pounds Scots,
of which last sum only, the town had paid interest to
the College ; and seeing several of the sums mentioned
in the said act were mortified for the College in
general, and that the College funds applicable towards
the maintenance of the fabric were insufficient : There-
fore the sum of 200 sterling, in which the particulars
of the said act of Council exceed the sum therein
mentioned, together with the interest thereof being
accumulated into the principal sum of 10,986 pounds

Scots, >lioiiM If ;nMr<l to lllr Collr^v I'lliuls, ami ,'l

bond granted therefor to the College treasurer, and
the interest thereof appropriated, in all time coming,
towards the maintenance of the fabric : Which IM-MIL:

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 319

considered by the Council, they approved of the said
report, and ordained bond to be granted to James
Lang, merchant, present College treasurer, for the
said sum of 10,986 pounds, the interest whereof to be
applied towards the maintenance of the fabric of the
said College.

In October, the classes having met, there were matri-
culated

1. By Mr. Laurence Dundas, 25th February, fifty-
three students of Humanity.

2. By Mr. William Scott, February 26, sixty stu-
dents of Greek.

3. By Mr. Colin Drummond, February 27, forty-
eight students of Logic.

4. By Mr. Eobert Stewart, February 25, thirty-one
students of Natural Philosophy.

This session, eighteen students received the degree The one
of A.M., and four the degree of M.D.

Class gradu-

It had been the custom since the Revolution, in ated -
electing a member to represent the University in the
General Assembly, for the Principal and Professors to
meet with the Town-Council, and to make the election
together. But in the year 1719, the Principal and
Professors, having reason to suspect that the Council
did not mean to summon them to attend for that
purpose, met by themselves and elected Mr. William
Hamilton, Professor of Divinity. At last, however,
they were summoned to attend the Council ; but next
day they were informed that the meeting was adjourned
to that day se'nnight. At the time appointed for the
adjourned meeting, the Principal, with almost all the

320 HISTORY OF THE

Professors, went to a tavern near the Council-chamber ;
but after waiting there more than an hour, they were
acquainted by two of the Magistrates that the Council
was to make no election. Wishing still to promote
peace and good agreement, the College sent two of
their number to the Lord Provost, the day before the
sitting of the Assembly, to entreat him to call a meet-
ing of Council, assuring him that they were willing to
withdraw their own commission and unite with their
patrons in a new election, hoping that the General
Assembly would overlook the informality as to the
time of election ; but all this was to no purpose. The
Professors therefore gave in a commission, signed by
themselves, to the clerk of the Assembly. But on the
meeting of the Assembly, the Lord Provost protested
against this commission as invalid, because the election
had not been made with the assistance of the Town-
Council, as had been formerly the custom. The
Assembly, however, thought proper to sustain the
commission.

The College had long thought the mode of electing
their member of Assembly, in conjunction with the
Town-Council, an improper and unnecessary practice,
and had only consented to it for the sake of preserv-
ing a good understanding with their patrons. Princi-
pal Rule always, and Mr. Carstairs several times,
declared that their going to the Council should not be
interpreted as a giving up of their privilege, and in
the interval betwixt the death of Dr. Rule and the
instalment of Principal Carstairs, Mr. Meldrum, Tm
fessor of Divinity, spoke in Council to the same pur-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 321

pose. In the year 1702, one of the Professors entered
a protest against the Town-Council's interfering in
electing a member of Assembly for the College, to
which all the Professors except one adhered ; and some
of them never went afterwards to the Council. Sir
Eobert Chiesley, when Provost, went to the College,
with some of the Magistrates only, and in conjunction
with the Principal and Professors, elected the Com-
missioner to the Assembly.

Perhaps the proper mode would be for the Lord
Provost alone, as Chancellor of the University, to pre-
side in person on this, or any other public occasion,
within the College, if he chose to come. The whole
Town -Council are the undoubted patrons of the Uni-
versity ; but it seems inconsistent with the nature of
a University, that they should on any occasion sit
with the Principal and Professors in an academical
capacity. They have the power of choosing a Eector,
which they formerly used to exercise, though they
have long laid it aside ; but while they do not choose
to send a Eector, the Principal of the College is under-
stood to possess the power of that academical officer.
That the Provost should appear occasionally within
the College, in the high character of Chancellor, and
preside in College meetings, would not detract from
the dignity of the University, but rather add to it.
But the sending for the Principal and Professors, and
making them sit in their academical capacity along
with the Town-Council, is what the patrons themselves
should have no desire to do. They are the guardians
of the dignity of their own University ; the more

x

322 HISTORY OF THE

dignified the body of which they are the patrons, the
more splendid is that patronage ; and the Magistrates
will be found to consult their own interest, as well as
that of the public, when they consult the dignity of
their College.

This right of interfering with the College in the
choice of their member of Assembly, was asserted by
the Council, and still questioned by the College, till
the Assembly, in the year 1723, passed an act declar-
ing the right to be only in the Professors, Principal,
Regents, Masters, and others bearing office in the
University ; that is to say, the Chancellor, Rector,
and Dean of Faculty, if any such there be, exclusive
of all others. 1

1719-1-20. On the 21st of August 1719, a pension of fifty
marks Scots, quarterly, was ordered by the Town-
Council to be paid to Margaret, widow of Mr. John
Goodall, late Professor of Hebrew, out of respect to
his memory, and in regard of her numerous family
and indigent condition. They, at the same time,
restricted the yearly salary of the office of Professor
of Hebrew, which was formerly 000 marks Scots,
to 700.

The Professorship of Oriental Languages having be-
mine vacant by the death of Mr. Goodall, Dr. James
Crawford (still retaining the titular Professorship of

> Act VI. Ass.-nibly 17'AS.- A printed buted :im<.M- tin- members. May II.

j.:i]H-i- mi tin- sulijcct. designated "The 1 7- : *. by Commissary Campbell, agent

<f the University of Edinburgh for the to\\n. and his nephew. This

on>idered with respect to their ri-ht paper is prt-x.-n <-d in Ms. I'-IJHTS Illus-

..f ehoosinK a Member to the General trative of the History and Constitution

My." was givt'n in to the Clerk of the University of Edinburgh, in Col-

of the General Assembly, and distri- li-g- Library. No. I. p. 95.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 323

Chemistry and Medicine) was on the same day elected
successor to Mr. Goodall.

On the 28th of August, an Act was passed by the
Town-Council, by which all Professors and Masters
were declared to hold their office for the future only
during the Council's pleasure.

At the same meeting, the patrons thought proper to
establish a new Professorship, viz., that of Universal
Civil History ; and Mr. Charles Mackie was the first
elected Professor, with a temporary salary of 50 per
annum, to expire at the commencement of the proga-
tives of the duty on ale, which the patrons had a near
prospect of obtaining from Parliament.

" EDINBURGH, August 28, 1719.

" The which day, the Council, considering the great advantages
that arise to the nation from the encouragement of learning, by the
establishment of such professions in our College, as enable our youth
to study with equal advantages at home as they do abroad, and
considering the advantages that arise to this City, in particular, from
the reputation that the Professors of the liberal Arts and Sciences
have justly acquired to themselves in the said College, and that a
profession of Universal History is extremely necessary to complete
the same, this profession being very much esteemed, and the most
attended of any one profession at all the Universities abroad, and
yet nowhere set up in any of our Colleges in Scotland ; and con-
sidering that the expense with which the setting up thereof must be
attended, make it necessary for the Council to favour it in its infancy
by giving a reasonable encouragement to any well-qualified person
whom they shall happen to choose to be Professor thereof; and
considering, that although the Town's revenue cannot afford the con-
tinuance of this allowance after the 1st of July 1723, at which
time the petty port customs are declared by an Act of George the First
to cease, they agree, that a Professor of Universal History be estab-
lished in the College of this City, and that, to enable the Professor
thereof in some measure to defray the expense it must be attended

324 HISTORY OF THE

with at its first setting up, he have a salary of fifty pounds sterling
per annum, commencing from Martinmas next, and to continue till
the said 1st of July 1723 years, and no longer.

" The same day the Council . . . nominated and elected Mr. Charles
Mackie to be Professor of Universal History in the College of this
City during the Council's pleasure, and allowed to him the sum of
fifty pounds sterling money yearly, commencing from Martinmas
next, and to continue till the first day of July 1723 years, and
appointed Mr. George Drummond, present Treasurer, and his suc-
cessors in office, to pay the same accordingly out of the said petty
port customs, during the Council's pleasure, as said is ; and the
said Mr. Charles Mackie, coinpearing, accepted of his office, and made
oath de fideli administratione, and qualified himself by taking the
oath of allegiance, and subscribed the same with the assurance to
his Majesty King George." 1

On the same day that Mr. Mackie was elected Pro-
fessor of Universal Civil History, Mr. James Gregory,
Professor of Mathematics, obtained from the patrons an
additional salary of 600 marks Scots, which had been
formerly granted to his brother, Dr. David, his imme-
diate predecessor, but had been withheld from him till
this time. This sum, with his original salary of 5 0, and
the 30 of Queen Anne's bounty, formerly mentioned,
made the Mathematical salary the largest in the Col-
lege, except that of the Professor of Public Law. The
salary of Dr. James Crawford, Professor of Hebrew,
was also augmented from 700 marks to 900.

On the meeting of the College in October, there
were matriculated by

1. Mr. Laurence Dundas, February 25, fifty-four
students of Humanity.

2. Mr. William Scott, February 26, forty students
of Greek.

1 Tc>\vn-('<Miiiri]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 325

3. Mr. Colin Drummond, forty-four students of
Logic.

4. Mr. Kobert Stewart, March 22, forty students
of Philosophy.

This session twenty students took the degree of The one

* hundred and

A.M, and one that of M.D.

On the 26th of October, the Town-Council passed
an act, disallowing the present Professors of Divinity
and Church History, or any other Professor in the
College, from being ministers of Edinburgh in time
coming, and appointed the draught of an act to be
brought in hereupon, rescinding the Council's act
July 1, 1713, contrary to the said resolution, to be
laid before the Magistrates and Council, for their
approbation.

A full account of this matter is given in an act of
the Town-Council passed on the 2d of November
following.

"EDINBURGH, November 2, 1720.

" The which day, the Council, with the extraordinary deacons,
taking to their consideration the weight and importance of a minis-
terial charge in this City, and also of a Professorship of Divinity or
History in the College thereof, and being fully satisfied and con-
vinced, not only from the nature of the things, and from the univer-
sal practice of all well governed Colleges and cities, that the office of
a Minister and Professor cannot be discharged, in a suitable manner,
by one person at one and the same time ; and having likewise ob-
served, that the few instances of contrary practices, in their said
College, have rather arisen from necessity than choice, Do hereby
statute and ordain, that henceforth, and in all time coming, no person
who is a minister of the Gospel, and in the actual exercise of his
ministry in this City, shall be by us, or our successors in office,
elected, and admitted Professor of Divinity or History in the said
College, unless, previous to his admission, he demit his ministerial

326 HISTORY OF THE

charge, not to be re-assumed during his continuance in his office of
Professor, and all future commissions to the said Professors shall
bear a clause, by which they shall be voided, and become null,
in the event of any Professor becoming a minister of this City :
And do hereby declare, that they will not, directly or indirectly, con-
sent to, nor concur in the leeting or calling of any person to be a
minister of this City, who is at the same time a Professor of
Divinity or Church History in their said College, unless he pre-
viously resign and demit his Professorship, declaring always, as it
is hereby declared, that nothing herein contained shall be construed
to extend to the office of Principal of their said College." l

The College having met as usual in October, there
were matriculated by

1. Mr. Laurence Dundas, March 29, forty-five
students of humanity.

2. Mr. William Scott, March 31, fifty-four students
of Greek.

3. Mr. Colin Drummond, April 3, fifty-four students
of Logic.

4. Mr. Robert Stewart, no students of Natural
Philosophy.

TI,- one This session fourteen students took the degree of

hundred and

A.M., and one that of M.D.

Mr. William Dunlop, Regius Professor of Ecclesi-
astical History, died in the year 1720, and Mr.
Matthew Crawford, minister of Inchinnon, obtained
the office from the Crown in 1721. Mr. Crawford
was admitted November 15, 1721, having been in-
troduced by Bailie Drummond, Bailie Lindsay, and
others of the Town- Council. 2 The Commission is
dated at St. James's, June 16, 1721.

1 Town-Council Record*. .ship till his death, which took place

1 [Mi . Crawf"i<l held this Professor- some fifteen years aftor. His rl.i

dnatcd.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 327

After the meeting of the College again in October, 1721-1722.
there were matriculated by

1. Mr. Laurence Dundas, no matriculation this
session.

2. By Mr. William Scott, February 27, forty-six
students of Greek.

3. By Mr. Colin Drummond, March 30, forty-seven
students of Logic.

4. By Mr. Eobert Stewart, January 11, only five
students of Philosophy.

This session twenty-six students were made A.M., The one

hundred and
nrirl rnp M "D thirty-fourth

ana one IVI.IA ^ Class gra .

In October, the College having again met, there were ira-ira
matriculated by

1. Mr. Laurence Dundas, no matriculation.

2. Mr. William Scott, February 27 and March 1,
sixty -three students of Greek.

3. Mr. Colin Drummond, April 5, thirteen super
venients, as they are called in the album.

4. Mr. Robert Stewart, no matriculation.

This session twenty-eight students received the T he one

r> 4 - r / -^ r T>k T i hundred ami

degree ol A.M. : one that of M.D. : and another, viz., twrty-iifth

' Class gra-

George Oswald, an alumnus of this University, and duated
then M.D. of the University of Rheims, was ad-
mitted, ad eundem. One, viz., Halford Cotton, A.M.,
Presbyter of the Church of England, received the
degree of LL.D.

appears, was not well attended. " He after lecture] but for money, and uo-
lias 100," says Wodrow, writing March body comes to him. His public pre-
1731, " and really does nothing for it. lections are not frequented ; he will not
He will give no private colledges [i.e., have six or seven hearers, they say."
private examinations and instructions Wodvow's Analecta. vol. iv. p. 212.]

328 HISTORY OF THE

In 1722, the patrons erected a Professorship of the
Scots or Municipal Law in this University, of which
they chose, November 28, Mr. Alexander Bayne of
Revas, Advocate, the first Professor for teaching the
same, and qualifying Writers to the Signet. On the
same day, Mr. Charles Mackie, who had been elected
Professor of Universal Civil History, was also elected
Professor of the History of Scotland in particular, and
of Greek, Roman, and British Antiquities.

A salary was provided for Mr. Bayne in the manner
immediately to be mentioned.

Jn the year 1723, the City of Edinburgh obtained
a renewal of their duty of two pennies Scots on each
pint of ale brewed and sold within the City, with an
extension to the four adjacent parishes ; T and this gift,
by Act of Parliament, was burdened with a salary of
100 sterling yearly, to the three following Professors,
viz., Civil Law, History, and Scots Law. And be-
cause Mr. Mackie had, for some years, given lectures
to his students, not only on Universal History, but
likewise on Roman Antiquities, for the benefit of
students of the Roman or Civil Law, he was designed
in the Act of Parliament Professor of Universal Civil
History, and of Greek and Roman Antiquities.

Though these three first Professors of Civil Law,
Scots Law, and History were elected simply by the
Town-Council, the patrons of the University, yet when
their salaries were provided by this Act of Parliament,
it was there also enacted, that when, in time coming,
a vacancy should happen in any of the.se three ofti< >,

A i ii"t, ji. 520.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 329

it should be supplied by the Faculty of Advocates
presenting a leet of two candidates to the Town-
Council, of whom the Council is limited to make choice
of one.

The Senatus Academicus, in the year 1723, stood as
follows :

Mr. William Wishart, Principal.

Mr. William Hamilton, Professor of Divinity.

Mr. Matthew Crawford, Regius Professor of Divinity and

Ecclesiastical History.

Mr. Laurence Dundas, Professor of Humanity.
Mr. William Scott, Professor of Greek,
Mr. Colin Drummond, Professor of Logic.
Mr. Robert Stewart, Professor of Natural Philosophy.
Mr. William Law, Professor of Moral Philosophy.
Mr. James Gregory, Professor of Mathematics.
Dr. James Crawford, Professor of Chemistry and Medicine,

also of Oriental Languages.

Mr. Charles Erskine, Regius Professor of Public Law.
Mr. James Craig, Professor of the Civil Law.
Mr. Charles Mackie, Professor of Civil History, and Greek

and Roman Antiquities.
Mr. Alexander Bayne, Professor of Scots Law.j

On the 28th of March 1723, the Town-Council, with 1723-1724.
the Professors of the College, in a very full meeting,
chose the Principal, Mr. William Wishart, to represent
the College in the ensuing General Assembly. Mr.
Robert Henderson, Librarian, having been examined
whether he had made the alphabetical catalogue of the
books of the College Library, conform to the appoint-
ment of the Council, answered, that he was going on
in the said work, and had made considerable progress
therein. A committee was appointed to examine

330 HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH.

about this, and to report. Thereafter the laws of the
College were read, and the consideration of them ad-
journed till next meeting. 1

On the 1st of November 1723, the Council ap-
pointed the Professors and students to be accommo-
dated with seats in Lady Tester's Church.

In October the classes as usual met, and there were
matriculated by

1. Mr. Laurence Dundas's class not matriculated.

2. Mr. William Scott, February 27, forty-four stu-
dents of Greek.

3. Mr. Colin Drummond, March 27, twenty-two
supervenients, as they are called in the album.

4. Mr. Kobert Stewart's class not matriculated.

,1^ one This session thirty-four students obtained the degree

thirty re 8 ix a th of A.M., and four that of M.D., of which last was

Clans era-
John Moubray, A.M., in the University of Wittemberg,

where he had also obtained the degree of M.D., and
had afterwards been admitted, ad eundem, in the
Universities of Padua and of Leyden. 2

1 Town-Council Records. Rectors, and Professors of Divinity,
* [Here Professor Dalzel's History of without entering into biographical de-
the University of Edinburgh abruptly tail. He has, however, written notices
eiotei It was evidently his intention of the Professors of Mathematics down
to bring it down to his own time. to his own time ; an account of the
It appears also to have been a part Library and Librarians down t<> tin-
of his plan to subjoin brief bio- year 1747 ; and notices of the Pro-
graphical memorials of the Professors fessors of Humanity down to the year
in the various chain. This part of his 1741. These parts of the w..rk now
plan he has only partially executed, follow ]
He haM given a list of the Principals,

PEINCIPALS OF THE UNIVEESITY.

1. MR. EGBERT EOLLOCK, elected February 9,
1585-6 ; died February 8, 1599.

2. MR. HENRY CHARTERIS, elected February 14,
1598-9 ; resigned March 20, 1620.

3. MR. PATRICK SANDS, elected March 20, 1620 ;
resigned August 1622.

4. MR. EORERT Bo YD, elected October 18, 1622;
removed January 31, 1623.

5. MR. JOHN ADAMSON, elected November 21, 1623.
I find his name as Principal in 1649, and May 20,
1650.

6. MR. WILLIAM COLVILL, elected April 23, 1652.
His election set aside. See p. 165.

7. MR. EGBERT LEIGHTON, afterwards Bishop of
Dunblane and Archbishop of Glasgow, elected January
17, 1653 ; resigned 1662.

8. MR. WILLIAM COLVILL, again elected March 20,
1662. His name appears in 1662, 1663, 1670, 1672.

9. DR. ANDREW CANT, elected September 29, 1675.
Holds his inaugural oration November 15, 1675.
Died December 4, 1685.

10. DR. ALEXANDER MONRO, formerly Professor of
Divinity at St. Andrews, elected Principal, December
9, 1685. Eemoved by the Visitors for refusing to
take the oaths to King William and Queen Mary,
September 25, U'>90.

332 HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH.

11. DR. GILBERT KULE, one of the ministers of
Edinburgh, chosen Principal, September 26, 1690 ;
died in 1701.

12. MR. WILLIAM CARSTAIRS, elected May 12,
1703 ; died December 28, 1715.

13. MR. WILLIAM WISHART, one of the ministers
of Edinburgh, elected Principal, June 1, 1716 ; died
June 1729.

14. MR. WILLIAM HAMILTON, Professor of Divinity,
elected Principal, February 16, 1732 ; died November
1732.

15. MR. JAMES SMITH, Professor of Divinity, elected
Principal, July 18, 1733 ; died August 1736.

16. DR. WILLIAM WISHART, elected Principal, No-
vember 20, 1737 ; died May 12, 1753.

17. DR. JOHN GOWDIE, Professor of Divinity, elected
Principal, February 6, 1754 ; died February 19, 1762.

18. DR. WILLIAM ROBERTSON, one of the ministers
of Edinburgh, elected Principal, March 10, 1762;
admitted November 10, following ; died June 11,1793.

19. DR. GEORGE BAIRD, joint Professor of Hebrew,
and one of the ministers of Edinburgh, elected Prin-
cipal, July 3, 1793 ; admitted September 1 1, following.

KECTOKS OF THE UNIVEKSITY.

1. [JOHN JOHNSTOUN, brother to the Laird of Elphin-
stoun, appointed " to have the oversight and govern-
ment of the affairs of the College, lately founded and
erected by the guid toun," February 11, 1586-7.]

2. MR. ANDREW RAMSAY, one of the ministers of
Edinburgh, elected March 20, 1620.

3. MR. ALEXANDER MORISON of Prestongrange, a
Lord of Session, chosen Rector, January 5, 1627.

4. MR. ALEXANDER HENDERSON, minister of the
Great Kirk of Edinburgh, chosen Rector, January 8,
1640, for the ensuing years. A beadle was appointed
to carry a silver mace before him. 1 Died, August 19,
1646. 2

5. MR. ANDREW RAMSAY, one of the ministers of
Edinburgh, again elected Rector, November 4, 1646 ;
re-elected the next two years.

6. MR. ROBERT DOUGLAS, one of the ministers of
Edinburgh, elected Rector, January 1, 1649.

[The Provost of Edinburgh, present and to come, to
be Rector and Governor of the College in all time
coming, November 10, 1665.]

1 Maitland's History of Edinburgh, 2 See Chalmers's Life of Ruddiman,
p. 195. p. 222.

PROFESSORS OF DIVINITY IN THE
UNIVERSITY.

1. MR ROBERT ROLLOCK, elected August 27, 1587.

2. MR. HENRY CHARTERIS, elected February 14,
1599 ; resigned, March 20, 1620.

3. MR. ANDREW RAMSAY, elected March 20, 1620 ;
resigned March 8, 1626.

4. MR. HENRY CHARTERIS, formerly Principal, was
translated from the North Kirk of Leith, and again
admitted Professor of Divinity, April 19, 1727 ; died
in the summer of 1629.

5. MR. JAMES FAIRLY, minister at South Leith,
elected July 24, 1629 ; resigned August 1630.

6. JOHN SHARPE, D.D., and formerly Professor in the
College of Die in Dauphiny in France, elected Novem-
ber 17, 1630.

7. DR. ALEXANDER COLVILL, a Professor in St.
Andrews, elected, June 23, 1648, in place of Dr.
Sharp, deceased, but not admitted. See page 146.

8. MR. SAMUEL RUTHERFORD, elected June 27,
1649. Did not accept.

9. MR. DAVID DICKSON, elected, February 16, 1650 ;
d emitted 1662 ; died in December same year.

10. MR. PATRICK SCOUGALL, elected December 5,
1662. Did not accept

11. MR. WILLIAM KEITH, elected January 27,
1664 ; died, November 18, 1675.

HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 335

12. MR. LAURENCE CHARTERIS, elected November
24, 1675 ; demitted in 1681.

13. MR. JOHN MENZIES, elected June 21, 1682.
Did not accept.

14. DR. JOHN STRACHAN, elected March 21, 1683.
Deprived by the Visitors for refusing to take the oaths
to William and Mary, September 25, 1690.

15. MR. GEORGE CAMPBELL, minister of Dumfries,
chosen in place of Dr. Strachan, September 26, 1690 ;
died in the autumn of 1701.

16. MR. GEORGE MELDRUM, one of the ministers of
Edinburgh, elected December 24, 1701, in place of
Mr. George Campbell, deceased.

17. MR. WILLIAM HAMILTON, minister of Cramond,
elected August 17, 1709.

18. MR. JAMES SMITH, one of the ministers of
Edinburgh, succeeded Mr. William Hamilton, February
16, 1732.

PROFESSORS OF MATHEMATICS IN THE
UNIVERSITY.

THERE was no Professor of Mathematics in the Col-
lege of Edinburgh till 1620, when, upon some new
arrangement in the College, which proved to be I nit
Mr. Andrew temporary, Mr. ANDREW YOUNG, who had been chosen
one o f th e p ro fessors or Regents of Philosophy in the

year 1601, was also made public Professor of the
Mathematics. 1 Whether he ever taught a separate
mathematical class does not appear. He held the
office but a short time, having died in the year 1623.
He had been a Professor at Aberdeen two years pre-
vious to his coming to Edinburgh.

He had no successor in the Professorship of Mathe-
matics till the year 1640, when the Town-Council iu-
vited Mr. THOMAS CRAWFORD, then Rector of the High
' School, to hold that office. He was a man of great
learning, and had formerly been Professor of Human it v
in the College ; a situation which he obtained on tin-
29th of March 1626, after a very strict comparative
trial. But a vacancy having happened in the Rector-
ship of the High School by the death of Mr. John Ray,
in the month of February 1630, he preferred that office
to the other in the College. In the year 1640, the
Council, with the Rector of the University (an office

i Mr. young's Halary an Regent was 160 marks, and he had as much as Pro-
femor of Mathematics

Professor,

HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 337

then held by the famous Mr. Alexander Henderson,
but which has now been dormant for many years),
considering that, the two preceding years, two Regents
or Professors of Philosophy had been recently admitted,
and being unwilling to introduce a third inexperienced
one within so short a period, they offered a public Pro-
fessorship of the Mathematics to Mr. Thomas Crawford,
to be held by him in conjunction with one of the four
Professorships of Philosophy, with a salary for life of
600 marks per annum. Upon this he returned to the
College, and undertook the duty of both these offices,
which he discharged with great fidelity and reputation
for many years, and till the time of his death, which
happened on the 30th of March 1662.

Previous to this election of Mr. Crawford, Mathe-
matics as well as Greek had been considered as a part
of the philosophical course of four years, and were
taught by the four Eegents or Professors of Philosophy.
As Professor of Mathematics, it is probable that Mr.
Crawford did no more than give public lectures twice
a week to all of the students who chose to attend. 1
The principal part of his duty was that of one of the
four ordinary Professors of Philosophy. As such, he
commenced with the charge of the class of Bachelors,
or the class which was entering to the third year of
their course, left in that state by his predecessor, Mr.
James Wright ; and the second year afterwards he

1 This at least was the case with Mr. of his in the Biographia Britannica,

James Gregory, Professor of Mathe- first edition, vol. iv. p. 23bl. It like-

matics first at St. Andrews in the year wise appears that he gave private les-

1670, and afterwards at Edinburgh in sons,
the year 1674 ; as appears by a letter

338 HISTORY OF THE

brought them to the usual degree of Master of Arts.
It is remarkable that in the Theses which he printed
at this graduation, and which are dedicated to John
Earl of Loudon, Chancellor of Scotland, he has sub-
joined a few positions, under the title of "Theses
Mathematics ;" a practice which he followed in all the
copies of Theses which remain of graduations after-
wards conducted by him, In the titles of these Theses
he takes the appellation of Professor of Mathematics,
of which he seems to have been very fond. In an im-
perfect record preserved in the College Library, entitled
" Tabulae petentium et adeuntium Professiones pub-
licas in Academia Jacobi Kegis Edinburgena, post
ineuntem annum 1663," Mr. Thomas Crawford is de-
nominated " a grammarian and philosopher, likewise
profoundly skilled in theology, and a man of the
greatest piety and integrity."

Nothing of his composition appears in print except
the short Theses already mentioned ; but to him \\ c
owe a distinct account of the College of Edinburgh
from its foundation in 1581 till the year 1646. Of
this there is a copy in the Advocates Library, in the
handwriting of Mr. Matthew Crawford, Eegius Pro-
fessor of Divinity and Church History ; as appears
from a docquet at the conclusion, bearing that the
original from which this was taken belonged to Mr.
Laurence Dundas, Professor of Humanity, who had
lent it to Mr. Matthew Crawford. It is probable that
this original is in the possession of Sir Thomas, now
Lord Dundas, whose father, tin- late Sir Laurence
Dundas, Bart., of Kerse, was a nephew or near relation

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 339

of the above Professor Laurence Dundas, and inherited
not only his name, but a considerable part of his for-
tune. Another copy of this history, in the handwrit-
ing of Mr. William Henderson, Librarian, belongs to
the College Library, and bears in the title to have
been given in to Mungo Wood, City Treasurer, the
15th of January 1673. 1

There are extant also in the Advocates Library some
MS. Notes on Virgil, composed by Mr. Thomas Craw-
ford ; and there is a poem of his, in Latin, in " Eiaoha
Musarum Edinensium in Caroli Eegis ingressu in
Scotiani," 1633.

After the death of Mr. Thomas Crawford in 1662,
the Professorship of Mathematics remained dormant
till the year 1674, when the Town-Council invited i 674
the famous Mr. JAMES GREGORY, Professor of Mathe-
matics at St. Andrews, to take upon him the same
office in the College of Edinburgh, which he ac-
cepted ; and in the beginning of November of that
year he entered upon his new charge by delivering an
inaugural oration before the patrons of the University,
and a great number of illustrious and learned audi-
tors.

This celebrated person, who at a very early period
of life showed a great genius for geometrical studies,
for which his family, both before and since his time,
have been greatly distinguished, soon attracted the
notice of the greatest mathematicians of the age, New-

1 [Crawford's History of the Univer- ford's, entitled, " Notes and Observa-

sity was printed by Dr. Andrew Dun- tions on Mr. George Buchanan's History

can, Sen., at Edinburgh, 1808, 8vo. of Scotland," appeared at Edinburgh,

Another posthumous work of Craw- 1708, 12mo.]

340 HISTORY OF THE

ton, Huygens, Halley, Wallis, and others, by his inge-
nious publications. He had travelled to London, and
afterwards to Padua; at which last place he resided for
some years, and cultivated his favourite science with
the greatest success. Having returned to his native
country, he was elected Professor of Mathematics in
the University of St. Andrews about the year 1668,
which office he held about six years previous to his re-
moval to Edinburgh. In a minute account of his Life
in the Biographia Britannica, it is said that he died in
his Professorship at St. Andrews, which was all the
preferment he ever obtained. But this is a mistake ;
for he had held the Professorship of Mathematics at
Edinburgh for nearly a year, when, in October 1675,
being employed in showing the satellites of Jupiter
through a telescope to some of his pupils, he was sud-
denly struck with total blindness, and died a few days
after, at the early age of thirty-seven. 1 It is said of
him in the life in the Biographia Britannica already
mentioned, " that in the Mathematical Sciences he dis-
covered a genius superior to most, and not much, if at
all, unequal to the best of his time. This," it is added,
" happened to be in the interval between Des Cartrs
and Sir Isaac Newton ; when having the advantage of
those improvements that had been made by the former,
he struck a considerable part of that dawning light
into the sublimer geometry, or geometry of curves,
which preceded the rising of the latter."

No successor to Mr. James Gregory in the Mathe-

i See a life (by Lord Woodhouselee] published, and pn-lix.-.l t.> his W.,rks.
Of the late Dr. John Gregory, lately [Fxlinb., 1796, 4 vols., small 8vo.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 341

matical chair at Edinburgh was appointed till towards
the end of the year 1683, when the Town-Council isa
elected his nephew, MR. DAVID GREGORY, to supply JJJ^
his place. This is the same Mathematician who was Sh
afterwards so celebrated, that, when the Savilian Pro-
fessorship of Astronomy at Oxford became vacant by
the resignation of Dr. Bernard in the year 1691, he
proved the successful candidate for that office, though
the famous Halley was his competitor. When he suc-
ceeded his uncle at Edinburgh, he was only twenty-
three years of age ; but very soon after this, he pub-
lished his first work, " Exercitatio Geometrica de
Dimensione Figurarum," etc. Edinburgh, 1684, 4to.

He was born at Aberdeen on the 24th of June 1661,
where he received the early parts of his education.
He completed his studies at Edinburgh, and took his
Master's degree there, but not till after he was Pro-
fessor of Mathematics, when we find him obtaining
that honour on the 27th of November 1683, in a pri-
vate manner, at the same time subscribing the oath of
allegiance to King Charles II., with the addition of
M.P. to his name. 1 On the 10th of December the
same year, he delivered his inaugural oration, "De
Analyseos Geometricse progressu et incrementis." 2

Mr. David Gregory had discharged the duties of his
office in the College of Edinburgh with great fidelity
and approbation for seven years, when he was called
to be Savilian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford.
Upon that occasion he was first received into Baliol
College, then admitted, ad eundem, as Master of Arts,

1 See Graduation Book. 2 See Tabulae Petentium, etc., p. 14.

342 HISTORY OF THE

in that University, on the 8th of February 1691, and
afterwards created M.D. on the 18th of the same
month.

Dr. David Gregory had the honour of being the
first who introduced the Newtonian Philosophy into
the University of Edinburgh. Mr. Whistou, in Me-
moirs of his own Life, says, " that he was greatly ex-
cited to the study of Sir Isaac Newton's wonderful
discoveries in his Principia, 1 by a paper of Dr. Gre-
gory's, when he was Professor in Scotland, wherein he
had given the most prodigious commendations to that
work, as not only right in all things, but in a manner
the effect of a plainly divine genius, and had already
caused several of his scholars to keep acts, as we call
them, upon several branches of the Newtonian Philo-
sophy, while we at Cambridge, poor wretches, were
ignominiously studying the fictitious hypotheses of
the Cartesian." 2

In the month of September 1692, MR. JAMES GRE-

Mr. James

GORY, the brother of Dr. David, and likewise an emi-
nent Mathematician, was next elected, and was the
fifth Professor of Mathematics in the College of Edin-
burgh. He continued in this office till the year 1725,
when, his great age and infirmities rendering him in-
capable of teaching, he resigned ; and by the particu-
lar recommendation of Sir Isaac Newton, who wrote a
letter to the Magistrates of Edinburgh on that occa-
sion, on the 3d of November, Mr. Colin M'Lnurin,

i [Newton** Principia was first puh- 2366. A more particular acnmnt (PwC
li*hed in 1687.] Dalzel adds) of David Gregory's genius

!'.! i i|.l.i:i Britannira, vol. iv. p. and writings to be here introduced.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 343

then Professor of Mathematics in the Marischal Col-
lege, Aberdeen, was elected as joint Professor with
Gregory.

MR. COLIN M'LAURIN was thus introduced into this 1725.

Mr. Colin

University at the same time with his particular friend M R a s uri xth
Dr. Alexander Monro, Professor of Anatomy, in No- ^
vember 1725, 1 and was sixth Professor of Mathe-
matics. 2 He died in June 1746, at the age of forty-
eight, and was succeeded by

DR. MATTHEW STEWART, minister of Roseneath, 1747.

Dr. Matthew

who was elected Professor of Mathematics on the 2d

of September 1 74 7, 3

He remained in this office till the year 1775, when,
being very infirm, he resigned, and was re-elected,
June 14, in conjunction with his only son, MR. DUGALD Mr.

STEWART, who had been his assistant for two or three

sessions before, and proved himself worthy to succeed Professor.
so eminent a father.

Dr. Matthew Stewart 4 died on the 23d of January

1 [Dr. Monro was introduced as Pro- Transactions of the Royal Society,
fessor of Anatomy nearly six years be- Edinburgh, vol. i. [" If it be con-
fore this, namely, in January 1720. fessed," says Mr. Playfair, " that Dr.
(Town-Council Records. ) Professor Stewart rated in any respect too high
Dalzel has fallen into this mistake, by the merit of the ancient Geometry, this
following, as other biographers have may well be excused in the man whom
done, Murdoch' s account of Mr. M'Laii- it had conducted to the discovery of
rin.] the General Theorems, to the solution

2 See a particular account of his Life of KEPLER'S Problem, and to an accu-
aud Writhigs, prefixed to his " Account rate determination of the sun's disturb-
of Sir Isaac Newton's Philosophical ing force. His "great modesty made
Discoveries ; in four books. Published him ascribe to the method he used that
from the Author's Manuscript Papers, success which he owed to his own
by Patrick Murdoch, M.A., and F.R.S., abilities."]

London. Printed for the Author's

children, 1748." 4to. See also his 4 [After the appointment of his son

Sou's Works lately published. Professor Stewart retired into privacy,

3 Of this eminent Geometer and his living mostly at his country seat in
Writings, see Mr. Playfair's account in Ayrshire.]

344 HISTORY OF THE

1785, at the age of sixty-eight, and Mr. Dugald
Stewart, now sole Professor, continued in the office, of
which he had discharged the duties with the greatest
success, no longer than till the month of May in the same
year 1785, when, on the resignation of Dr. Adam Fer-
guson, Professor of Moral Philosophy, he preferred
this last office, as being more suited to his taste, though
less lucrative than the Professorship of Mathematics.

Mr. Stewart being admitted Professor of Moral
1785 Philosophy, on the 20th of May 1785, MR. JOHN
PLAYFAIR, whose learning, and particularly whose
mathematical abilities were well known, was elected
Professor of Mathematics, in conjunction with Dr.
Ferguson, and received into the College on the 21st of
June following. The sole purpose of Dr. Ferguson's
joint election with Mr. Playfair, was to give him a
right to a salary, as an equivalent for that which Mr.
Stewart now enjoyed, and which Mr. Playfair was not
to be entitled to till Dr. Ferguson's death. 1

The salary of this office was at first tion to his colleagues. Mr. Dugald
600 marks. There is a tradition that Stewart had this anecdote from his fa-
it was augmented to its present state, ther. At present it is the best in the
by way of favour to Dr. David Gregory, College, except that of the Law of Na-
by the Council, because he took their ture and Nations,
hide on a particular occasion in opposi-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 345

THE LIBRARY.

IN the year 1580, Mr. Clement Little, Advocate,
and one of the Commissaries of Edinburgh, bequeathed
his library, 1 consisting of about 300 volumes, for the
use of the citizens of Edinburgh. At that time this
was considered as a very valuable collection. These
books were at first deposited in a gallery belong-
ing to Mr. James Lawson, which was a part of the
lodgings appropriated to the accommodation of the
ministers of Edinburgh, and situated on the spot
where the Parliament House was afterwards built.
Mr. Lawson was a strenuous promoter of the scheme
of erecting a College in Edinburgh, which was at last
accomplished in the year 1582 ; 2 but the Presbyterian
interest having soon after declined, and the Councils
of the Earl of Arran prevailing, several of the Presby-
terian ministers were forced into exile, among whom
was Mr. Lawson, who died at London in the year

1 The deed of conveyance of these the autumn of the year 1558, when re-
books to the Town- Council of Edin- turning to Scotland from his attendance
burgh, with a catalogue of them sub- on the marriage of Queen Mary with
joined, is still extant in the College the Dauphin of France. This we learn
collection, written on vellum, in a from a letter which Mary wrote to her
beautiful hand. See Appendix. mother, the Queen Dowager of Scot-

2 [It was not till the year 1582 that land, dated September 16, 1558, in
the Town -Council succeeded in re- which she says: "Madame, Dieu a
covering the legacy of 8000 marks voulu que les embassadeurs qui vont
bequeathed by Robert Reid, Bishop presentement vers vous estant a mi
of Orkney, about the year 1558, for chemin, ayeut este reponses jusques a
the endowment of a College at Edin- Diepe, la ou ils sont tous malades, et
burgh. See p. 2. Here it may be noted Monsieur d'Orcenay mort." Miscellany
that Bishop Reid died at Dieppe in of the Maitland Club, vol. i. p. 248.]

346 HISTORY OF THE

1584, much regretted by all his friends. The Town-
Council, however, persevered in their attention to the
interest of the College ; and, in particular, they caused
Mr. Clement Little's donation of books to be removed
from Mr. Lawson's house to the College, and delivered
to the care of Professor, afterwards Principal Kollock.
Such was the commencement of the College Library,
which continued to increase rapidly, not only by dona-
tions from those who annually received the degree of
A.M., but by the munificence of many well disposed
citizens and others, who contributed considerable sums
of money, as well as books, for that purpose.
i62. In the year 1626, it was found necessary to remove
the books from the small apartment which they first
occupied in the College, and to place them in the high
public hall, until a more commodious receptacle should
be provided for them. Hitherto the charge of the
Library had devolved on the Principals of the College ;
but Mr. John Adamson, at that time Principal, finding
the complete discharge of the office of Librarian now
becoming too laborious, particularly as the large win-
dows of the hall were in such a state as to expose the
l>ooks to some injury from the weather, the Council,
December 26, allowed him 180 marks per annum for
employing an assistant or servant to attend to the
state of the volumes, and for purchasing coals to
counteract the bad effect of the damp air.

It was at length found that the Library would 1><
more generally useful, if instead of the Principal, who
could not be supposed to give the necessary attend-
ance, a Librarian should be appointed, who mi^ht

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 347

attend regularly at certain stated hours for the ac-
commodation of those who should be admitted to the
use of the books, agreeably to certain laws and regula-
tions. Accordingly, in the year 1635, MR. KENNETH leas.
LOGIE, son to Mr. James Logie, Advocate, was chosen JJ^* e e t th

Keeper of the Library, with an annual salary of 400
marks, and the addition of some occasional perquisites.
He had been recommended to this employment from
the successful assistance he had given to the Principal
in arranging the books in presses, and in making cata-
logues of them. The method adopted at this time
answered all the necessary purposes of accommodation
as long as the books remained in the higher hall. 1 Mr.
Logie held the office of Librarian till the year 1641,
when he accepted of a call to be minister of Skirling.

In his place, on the 2 9th of January 1641, was chosen mi.

J January *>.

MR. ANDREW MONRO, son of Mr. John Monro, burgess Monro, ldrew
of Edinburgh; and in the month of April 1642, an Librarian.
act was passed for building a new apartment for the
Library. For this work Bailie John Fleming left
4000 marks.

This is the room which is at present called the
Museum, where the Professor of Natural History also
gives his lectures, and part of which, at the west end,
is the class for the Professor of Humanity. It runs
along within the new parallel College inner quad-
rangle, to the Chemical Laboratory, and the house of
the Professor of Chemistry ; and must be demolished

1 What is here called the higher hall scribed by Professor Dalzel, as appro-

is the very room in which the Library priated to the Museum and Library, are

is at present [1799] accommodated, now removed.]
[But all the College buildings here de-

348 HISTORY OF THE

in the progress of the new buildings. The sunk storey
was intended for a printing-house ; and the building
was at first covered with a flat leaden roof, and re-
mained so till about the year 1766, when the leaden
roof was taken off, and an upper storey added, which
being divided into two rooms, the one serves as a
class-room for the Professor of Natural Philosophy,
the other as an addition to the present Library.

The books were removed from the higher hall, and
deposited in this new room upon its being completed.
This continued to be the Library for many years ; and
the higher hall, which is now again the Library, was
the room for the meetings of the Professors ; and
sometimes the graduations were performed in it.
How it was again made use of for the Library room
will be seen afterwards.

Mr. Andrew Monro, Keeper of the Library, died in
the year 1645, of the plague, 1 which then prevailed ;
and which had forced the Professors and students to
retire to the town of Linlithgow to avoid the infection.
In their absence, the Town-Council had some differ-
ence among themselves about a successor to Mr.
Monro. There were two candidates for the office.
The one was MR. THOMAS SPEIR, son of a respectable
burgess of Edinburgh, and who had taken the Master's
degree the preceding August. He was the grandson
of Provost William Little, who had been very friemlly
to the College, and grandnephew to Mr. Clement Little,
who had given a beginning to the Library. The other

[" Retiring to Perth, having been of." Crawford's History of the Uni-
eizcd of the pestilence In-fore his de- versity of Edinburgh, p. ISl'.j
iarture from Klml.ur-li. he died there-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 349

candidate was MR. ANDREW SUTTIE, nephew to Mr.
George Suttie, Dean of Guild, a promising young
man, born in the town of Forfar, and who had taken Mr

the Master's decree at St. Andrews in the year 1644.

111- -11 Suttie > J int

Both candidates had considerable interest with the ^ br f ians -

The former

patrons ; and to avoid all further contention, it was

....... ,

agreed that the two should be conjoined in the omce ; Jjj

election, and

and that each of them should have 300 marks salary, an?the third
instead of the 400, which the sole Librarian had en-
joyed. However, Mr. Speir did not long survive his
election, having died soon after of a consumption, much
regretted ; and Mr. Suttie became sole Librarian, and
returned to the former salary of 400 marks. 1

The fourth Librarian was MR FRANCIS ADAMSON,
who was chosen about 1648. (See p. 154.)

The fifth Librarian was MR. JAMES NAIRNE, who
was chosen July 23, 1652. (See p. 164.)

The sixth Librarian was MR. JOHN MIEN, who was
chosen about March or April 1655. (See p. 172.)

The seventh Librarian was MR. JOHN STEVENSON
who was elected December 9, 1657. (See p. 177.)

The eighth Librarian was MR. JOHN KNILAND, who
was elected May 19, 1658, in place of Mr. John
Stevenson, deceased. (See p. 178.)

The ninth Librarian was MR. JOHN DUNLOP. (See
p. 191.)

i [The names of the next seven Libra- " 28th Ztecerafor 1653. Mr. John Ste-

rians, omitted in Professor Dalzel's vensone admitted Keiper of the Biblio-

MS., are supplied from the preceding theque of the Colledge of this Burgh, in

history. The following extract from place of Mr. James Nairne, lait keiper

the Council Register would seem, how- thairof, demitted, with the yearlie feall

ever, to show that some uncertainty pre- of 400 merks. "]
vails regarding Nairne's successor :

350 HISTORY OF THE

The tenth Librarian was MR. WILLIAM SOMERVILLE,
who was chosen March 2, 1666, in place of Mr. John
Dunlop, resigned. 1 (See p. 193.)
leer. The eleventh Librarian was MR. WILLIAM HENDER-

Mr. William .

Hemi, SON, who was elected ui the year 1667, and who seems

H-v'iith J

to have discharged the duties of the office with great
diligence. His handwriting appeal's in several of the
books and registers preserved in the Library. In par-
ticular, during the time of his holding the office, he
kept an exact account of the books and other dona-
tions presented to the College, with the names of the
donors ; this is preceded by a very distinct catalogue
of the benefactors of the College from its foundation
to the year 1679. The history of the College, from
its beginning to the year 1646, as collected from the
MSS. of Mr. Thomas Crawford, is very abstractly
copied in the handwriting of Mr. Henderson. He
acted as Secretary also to the University, and had the
charge of the graduation book, where his writing is to
be observed for a considerable series of years. The
graduation book is the most curious and valuable
record in the College. 2 It is to be regretted that Mr.
Henderson did not keep regular minutes of the meet-
ings of the Senatus Academicus, for he was very

1 I have found a note on the hack of Council '."Edinburgh, July 17, 1668.
an old catalogue, in the handwriting of The Council appoint* that 100 marks,
Mr. Robert Henderson, son and succes- detained in the College Treasurer's
nor to Mr. William, bearing that cer- hand the time of Mr. Joint Dunlop,
tain books were given in by Mr. John late Bihliothccarius, his decease, for
Dunlop's brother as belonging to the the books that were then ;iniiiiiLr, !
Library ; and on the game page men- given in by the Treasurer to the Pil-
lion is made of certain other books Bar to be expended upon books."]
wanting in Mr. Dunlnp's time. [As > [See the volume already mentioned,
to these books, there is the following "The Catalogue of Graduates, etc."
minute in the Records of the Town- Edinb., 1858, 8vo.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 351

distinct and accurate. This method, however, was
not adopted till the year 1733. He was clerk to
several meetings of delegates from the different
Universities of Scotland, and the minutes he .wrote
of their proceedings have been preserved, and are
curious.

In the year 1636, soon after Mr. Kenneth Logie
was appointed Librarian, certain regulations were
drawn up, to be observed by those who should have
the privilege of reading books in the Library. By
these it was ordained, that no person should enter the
Library without permission of the Keeper, or go out
without his knowledge : that none but those who were
regularly admitted, and who had taken a solemn pro-
mise to submit to the regulations, should have the
privilege of reading the books : that none should touch
any of the books but such as were delivered to him by
the Keeper : that none be allowed to carry out a book :
that none shall mark any book, either with ink or by
doubling down the leaves : that if any one happen in-
advertently to stain a book, he shall immediately in-
form the Librarian, according to whose judgment he
is to repair the damage to the Library : that none
shall be permitted to read by candle-light, or to carry
a book near the fire : that the hours for reading, while
the College is open, shall be every day, except Sun-
days, from ten o'clock till twelve, and in the afternoon,
from tw^o till four in winter ; in summer, the same,
and likewise, from seven in the morning till nine :
that upon a signal given at nine, at twelve, and at
four in the afternoon, all shall immediately depart

352 HISTORY OF THE

from the Library : that no person shall read aloud,
nor disturb others in the time of reading ; and if he
has occasion to speak to another, it shall be by whis-
pering : that whatever book any one has got after
coming into the Library, he may, if he please, retain
till the signal of quitting the room be given ; and no
one shall be allowed to seize a book in the possession
of another. 1

Every one accordingly, before he could have the
use of the Library, was required to come under a
solemn obligation to obey these laws.

Upon the 12th of December 1636, for the first time
these conditions were agreed to, and subscribed by
the Principal and Professors, and several others, in
presence of James Cochrane, Andrew Ainslie, and
Charles Hamilton, Bailies of Edinburgh, and Sir John
Sinclair, Dean of Guild, and James Eoughead, Trea-
surer, with certain others of the Council.

The next day ten more entered, and subscribed be-
fore the Principal, and Mr. Andrew Stevenson, Pro-
fessor of Philosophy ; and this practice of entering and
subscribing in presence of the Principal, and one or
more Professors, or of one or two or more Professors,
prevailed till the 20th of May 1650, on which day
Mr. Robert Burnet appears as the last who subscribed
and was admitted (the Principal and Professor Duncan
Forrester being present), previous to an interruption
of several years.

It is to be observed, that there was an interval with
respect to admitting any person to the privilege of

> See these law* in the book kept for admitting cive* of the Library.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 353

the Library, betwixt the 6th of May 1642, till the
22d of March 1644. As the act was passed for build-
ing the new room in April 1642, it is probable that
this interruption was occasioned by the removing of
the books into their new situation ; where they con-
tinued till about the year 1753.

The interval in the regular admission of persons to
the use of the Library, and the obliging them to sub-
scribe the laws which interval commenced in the
year 1650 continued till about the end of the year
1662, that is, during the time of Cromwell's usurpa-
tion, and for some time after his death, till the Resto-
ration, and towards the last years that Principal
Adamson was at the head of the College, and during
all the time that Mr. Robert Leighton was Principal
But in Principal ColvilTs time there is a note inserted
in the Admission book, bearing, that the Principal and
Professors caused the laudable custom by which per-
sons admitted to the privilege of reading books in the
Library were obliged to subscribe the usual laws, and
which had been intermitted for many years on ac-
count of the war, to be revived on the llth of
December 1662 ; and they themselves subscribed on
that day, viz. :

William Colvill, Principal.
William Keith, Professor of Divinity.
Alexander Dickson, Professor of Hebrew,
William Tweedie, -\

James Pillans, (

> Professors of Philosophy.
John Wishart, (

Hugh Smith,

354 HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH.

Also,

William Gumming, Professor of Humanity, on the 28th

February 1G63.
And afterwards,

Thomas Bell, and

William Henderson, Librarian. 1

, Mr. William Henderson discharged the office of sole
a, Librarian till 1684, when his son, MR. EOBERT HEN

Librarian. ' 7

DERSON, was elected on the 21st of November, either
in conjunction with him, or his sole successor, though
more probably in the former way.

Mr. Robert Henderson continued in office as Libra-
rian till the 25th of March 1747, a period of sixty-two
years, much longer than any of his predecessors, or than
any Professor had ever continued in the College of Edin-
burgh. He had received an academical education, as
appears from his having taken the degree of A.M. on
the 28th of November 1683. When Mr. John Drum-
mond, Professor of Humanity, was deprived of that
office by the Parliamentary Visitors on the 25th of
September 1690, Mr. Henderson appeared, as one of
the candidates to succeed him, at the comparative
trial held on the 5th of November the same year.
There were four other candidates, one of whom, Mr.
Laurence Dundas, proved successful.

i See the Book.

PKOFESSORS OF HUMANITY.

IN the year *590, in consequence of a consultation
held between the Lords of Session and the Town-
Council of Edinburgh, a contract was entered into, by
which it was stipulated that the Lords of Session in
the first place, the Town-Council in the second, and
the Faculty of Advocates and Clerks to the Signet in
the third, should contribute, each of the three parties,
1000 pounds Scots, making up the sum of 3000 pounds,
for which the Town-Council obliged themselves to pay
300 pounds per annum for maintaining a Professor of
Laws. In consequence of this agreement Mr. Adam
Newton, Advocate, began to give lectures in the
College publicly on the Latin language, or, as it was
called, Humanity, probably with a view to prepare
the students for the study of the Civil Law. But
having entered upon his office without a due attention
to the Town- Council, who are the general patrons of
the University, and supposing, as it should seem, that
the authority of the other contracting parties was suffi-
cient, he was, on the 19th of June 1594, prohibited
to teach in the College, after having given lectures for
three years. In his stead was substituted, by consent
of all the parties, Sir Adrian Damman, a native of
Denmark, and then resident at the Court of Scotland,

356 HISTORY OF THE

as orator and agent for the estates of the Low Countries.
This Professor likewise gave lectures only on Humanity,
making no mention of Law ; and having held the office
till the year 1597, he then resigned. Upon this the
three parties entered into a new contract, whereby it
was agreed that the annual interest of 2000 pounds of
the stock should be employed for maintaining six
bursars or scholars ; 50 marks being at that time
thought sufficient for a provision to each bursar ; and
the annuity arising from the remaining 1000 pounds
was allotted as a salary for a private Professor of
Humanity ; the other four Regents or Professors of
Philosophy having at that time no more salary than 100
pounds per annum each. It was agreed, at the same
time, that this Professor of Humanity should be
elected by six delegates, whereof two should be for
the Lords of Session, two for the Town-Council, one
for the Faculty of Advocates, and one for the Writers
to the Signet, using the advice of the Principal of the
College.
i**7. MR. JOHN RAY, a native of Angus, a person well

er. . .

S/IilS advanced in life, who had great expenence m teaching
Jtawity of privately, and who was esteemed well skilled in the
Latin tongue, 1 was, on the 28th of December 1597,
unanimously chosen, and was the first Professor of
Humanity in the University of Edinburgh. He not
only taught a private class, but frequently gave lectures
on Humanity publicly. After he had held the office in

l"He bad been employed in <li- in the family of Mr. Alexander Outline,

veni private charge* before bis coming Town-Clerk, attending bis

to the College, and thereby well seen Crawford's History of the University

in Humanity ; and at that time he was of Edinburgh, p. 41.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 357

the University for upwards of ten years, upon the re-
signation of Mr. Alexander Hume, Eector of the High
School of Edinburgh, 1 he preferred that charge to the
Professorship of Humanity in the College, and was
translated thither in October 1606, where he con-
tinued till his death, which took place in February
1630; almost twenty-four years. 2

MR. BLASE COLT, son of Mr. Oliver Colt, Advocate, leoe.

' ' Mr. Blase

a young man greatly distinguished for his knowledge
not only of the Latin, but the Greek tongue, was
elected Professor of Humanity, instead of Mr. John
Kay, by the Lords of Session, Town-Council, Advo-
cates and Writers to the Signet, on the 5th of De-
cember 1606. He died in the year 1611, much
regretted, being greatly esteemed for his learning and
the politeness of his manners, and was succeeded by
his eldest brother,

MR. OLIVER COLT, Advocate, who, after many Mr
years practice of the Law, to which he had been bred, professor.
became wearied of that profession, and was unani-
mously chosen Professor of Humanity in place of his
younger brother. But he did not long continue in
that office. Having studied Divinity, he received a
call to be minister of Holyrood-house, and resigned

i [Hume had been Rector of the High a " tribute to the memory of his much-
School "ten years, with great commen- loving and beloved master." The fol-
dation of the truly learned." Craw- lowing are the concluding lines :
ford's History of the University of Bright RAY of learning, which so clear
Edinburgh, p. 64. See also Dr. Ste- didst stream,

ven's History of the High School of Farewell, soul which so many souls did

Edinburgh.] frame.

2 [See p. 93 ; also Crawford's History Man Y Olympiades about shall come,

of the University of Edinburgh, p. 117* Ere earth like thee another can entomb."

William Drummond of Hawthorn- Drummond's Poems, Maitland Club

den, who had studied under Ray, wrote edition, p. 400.]

358 HISTORY OF THE

his Professorship in the month of November of the
same year 1611.

.,. MR. RORERT BURNET, son to Burnet of Barns in
Bo^eL Tweeddale, was, by comparative trial, elected to suc-

f.mrth Pro- *

ceed Mr. Oliver Colt, His only competitor was
Galbraith, son of Valentine Galbraith, burgess of
Edinburgh ; and the candidates appearing to the
judges to be equally well qualified, the affair was
decided by lot, in consequence of which Mr. Burnet
was preferred. How long he held the office does not
appear, but he was succeeded by

Mr Andrew MR. ANDREW STEVENSON, son to a burgess of Edin-
SSor* * burgh of the same name, who had, in the year 1611,
been chosen, by comparative trial, Regent or Pro-
fessor of Philosophy in place of Mr. Andrew Young,
who was afflicted by a disease that threatened to be
very lingering. But he obtained the office upon con-
dition that he should retire, in case Mr. Young should
recover his health ; and Mr. Young having actually
recovered, resumed his office accordingly. Mr. Ste-
venson, who retired for some time, afterwards suc-
ceeded Mr. Burnet in the Professorship of Humanity,
which office he held at the time of Mr. Young's death
in the year 1623 ; and then he succeeded him n^ain,
after an interval of twelve years, as one of the Pro-
fessors of Philosophy, which occasioned a vacancy in
the Professorship of Humanity.
,,. ; MR. SAMUEL RUTHERFORD having stood a com-

\lr Hnfim -1

Ux.'h'r'r ' ' parative trial, was preferred to the office of Professor
I Mum unity in the year 1623, the same year in
\vhirli tin- vK-l. mled Mr. John Adamson was chosen

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 359

Principal of the College. He held the Professorship
only till about the end of the year 1625, when he
found it prudent to resign.

MR. THOMAS CRAWFORD, after a very strict com- im.

Mr. Thomas

parative trial, next obtained, on the 29th of March 1626, gSS**
this office, which he held till the death of Mr. John *"**"*
Kay, Eector of the High School, and formerly Pro-
fessor of Humanity in the College, in February 1630;
and then the Council elected him successor to Mr.
Ray in the charge of the High School, from whence
he was again translated to the College, where he held
the offices of Eegent in Philosophy, and also Pro-
fessor of Mathematics, with great reputation for many
years.

MR. JOHN ARMOUR was, by comparative trial, iw.
chosen, on the 12th of March 1630, to succeed Mr. A^

eighth

Crawford in the Professorship of Humanity ; which he Pl
held till the month of December 1633, when he was
called to a Professorship of Philosophy at St. Andrews.

MR. ALEXANDER GIBSON, the son of a Writer, was 1633
next chosen, being favoured by the Episcopal faction, SfeGfe.

. T , , son, ninth

which had then become very powerful, and preferred Professor.
by them to another candidate, Mr. Archibald Newton,
son to a burgess of Edinburgh, who was known to be
of far superior ability to the successful candidate.
Mr. Gibson was elected to the office on the 21st
of December 1633. But, in October 1636, to the
surprise of his friends, he accepted of a call to be
master of the grammar-school of the Canongate.

Mr. JAMES WISEMAN, master of the grammar-school
at Linlithgow, offered himself as a candidate to sue-

360 HISTORY OF THE

lose, ceed to the vacant Professorship of Humanity ; and,
wise J m"n, s tnere being no competitor, he was admitted to that
office on the llth of November 1636 ; which again
became vacant on the 10th of November 1638, Mr.
Wiseman having been then appointed one of the Pro-
fessors of Philosophy.

less. MR. ROBERT YouNG, 1 who had attained the degree

Nov. 14.

Yo r ui! bert of Master of Arts at Glasgow, was next chosen, after
a comparative trial, Professor of Humanity, on the
16th of November 1638. After holding the office for
five years, being esteemed an eloquent preacher, he
was presented by the Town-Council to the church of
Dumbarney, in the year 1644.

1644 MR. JAMES PILLANS, son of a citizen of Edinburgh,
after a, strict comparative trial, was chosen to succeed

professor. jyj f R b er t Young, and was Professor of Humanity
till November 29th in the year 1652, when he was
chosen one of the four Philosophy Professors, in the
room of Mr. Andrew Suttie.

MR. JOHN WISHART was elected Professor of Hu-

Mr .Mm

manity on the 9th of March 1653, in place of Mr.
James Pillans chosen a Regent of Philosophy ; but he
probably held the office no longer than about the end
of the session ; for, in October of this same year, we
find by the College Register that he had the charge
of the Bejan class in place of Mr. Duncan Forrester.
MR. WILLIAM FORBES was chosen to succeed Mr.

""' AIT'

, h John Wishart, probably about the beginning of tli.
r 2 1654 ; and, on the 7th of March 1656, he was

9ootO Mr. Andrew Youiitf, late 8 [M:irrli l>t. T<m n ( 'nunn:

iiiinMrrnt Alinvnni." I'nnvford II <>|,K]

of the University, p. 134.]

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 361

appointed Regent of Philosophy in place of Mr. James
Wiseman deceased. The office of Professor of Hu-
manity being thus vacant, the Town-Council, upon
the 2d of April 1656, appointed Mr. John Jossie and
Mr. Thomas Kincaid to wait on the College of Justice,
joint patrons with them of this Professorship, and
inform them that several persons had suggested the
propriety of taking this opportunity of abolishing the
office of Professor of Humanity, as prejudicial not
only to the grammar-school but to the College itself ;
and they proposed that the salary should be applied
to some other purpose for the advancement of learn-
ing. But it should seem that the College of Justice
were not of this opinion ; for we find that the Town-
Council, on the llth of the same month, received and
admitted Mr. John Cruickshanks to be Master of the
Humanity class till the beginning of the ensuing
August, when the session was to conclude ; and, on
the 3d of the ensuing October, a consultation was held
by the Town-Council and College of Justice about
the Humanity class, the result of which was a reso-
lution to hold a comparative trial for a new Professor.
MR. JAMES M'GowAN, in consequence of being most lese.

Mr. James

approved by the judges in the comparative trial, was, JSth 1 '
on the 14th of November, elected, and was the fif-
teenth Professor of Humanity in the College of Edin-
burgh. But he remained in the office only for about
two years; for, on the 15th of October 1658, he
appeared before the Town- Council, attended by Mr.
James Pillans and Mr. William Tweedie, two of the
Philosophy Regents, and, on account of sickness, re-

362 HISTORY OF THE

signed his office, by delivering a pen into the hand of
the Provost. On the 1 7th of November, a report was
made to the Town-Council that their Commissioners
had met in the College, with Judge Mosley and Judge
Ker, and Alexander Nisbet, W.S. (Mr. John Nisbet,
Advocate, being absent), and had chosen Mr. Hugh
Smith Professor of Humanity.

MR. HUGH SMITH was chosen, November 17, 1658,
m Pl ace f ^ r> J 311168 M'Gown resigned, but not by

8801 comparative trial. He held the Professorship of
Humanity till the 29th of October 1662, when he re-
signed ; and on the 1st of December he was elected
by the Council to succeed the celebrated Mr. Thomas
Crawford as one of the Professors of Philosophy,
upon an ample and honourable recommendation by
his colleagues. He did not, however, survive this last
choice three years, having died of a hectic fever about
the middle of August 1665.

i,. MR. WILLIAM GUMMING was chosen to succeed Mr.
Hugh Smith, after a very strict comparative trial, on
the 16th of February 1663, and was the seventeenth
Professor of Humanity. A particular account of this
trial, expressed in elegant Latin, is preserved in ,m
imperfect record extant in the public Library, en-
titled " Tabulae petentium ot adeuntium Professiones
imblinis in Academia Jacobi Regis Edinburgeua, post
incuntcm annum Domini 1663." And, as it shows
(lie form of proceeding adopted also in other cases
>l this kind, it may be considered as a piece of curious
information. It is in suKstamv ,-is follows :

n n>ti<-< Ix-ii M ..f ;i \;ir;inry in tin- I'

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 363

fessorship of Humanity to the College of Justice, who
(in consequence of the original contract entered into
with the Town-Council, vesting in them two-thirds
of the patronage of this office) are concerned in sup-
plying such a vacancy, they delegated four of their
number, according to the different ranks of which
their body consists ; and the Town-Council also dele-
gated two out of their own number. On this occasion
the two named by the Lords of Session were Sir
James Robertoun of Bedley, and Sir David Nevoy of
Reidy, knights ; by the Town-Council, Robert Sandi-
lands, Dean of Guild, and John Milne, chief of the
King's masons ; by the Faculty of Advocates, Mr.
John Ellis, their Dean ; and by the Writers, Mr. Wil-
liam Sharp, Keeper of the Signet. These six dele-
gates, after consulting together, appointed a meeting
to be held on the 1st of January 1663, in the upper
hall of the University. There, in presence of the Lord
Provost and others of the Town-Council, who ap-
peared in right of their general patronage of the
University, for the interest of the City and Univer-
sity, after prayer, according to custom, the fore-
mentioned judges first inquired of the Rev. Mr. Wil-
liam Colvill, Principal of the College, concerning the
usual style and manner of substituting a Professor of
Humanity. Upon this he desired the Regents who,
from frequent practice, were well acquainted with all
these circumstances, to give a distinct and candid
account of them. After this the judges, with the
approbation of the Lord Provost, ordained that by a
program to be affixed, as soon as possible, in all the

364 HISTORY OF THE

cities being seats of Universities in this kingdom, and
in all the Universities themselves, notice should be
given to all who were skilled in Philology, that the
Professorship thereof in this place, now vacant, would
most certainly be conferred on the person who, after
producing proper certificates of his character by those
acquainted with him, and submitting to the trial pre-
scribed by the judges against the 9th of February
next, should obtain their highest approbation in point
of erudition and moral character. Copies of the pro-
gram were undertaken to be sent to Aberdeen by the
Lord Provost ; to Glasgow by Lord Bedley ; and to
St. Andrews by Mr. Sharp ; which was done by them
accordingly.

" On the 9th of February, in the place appointed,
appeared seven young men, and declared themselves
candidates for the vacant office, upon the terms pro-
posed ; and wrote down their names, not in any par-
ticular order, but as each happened to stand nearest,
as follows :

1. Mr. Robert Baron. 5. Mr. John Law.

2. Mr. William Turner. 3. Mr. William Gumming.
7. Mr. Thomas BelL G. Mr. Robert Hume.

4. Mr. Humphrey Galbraith.

"The candidates being then ordered to withdraw
into the Library, the judges agreed that on the 12th
of the same month, in the lower hall of the University,
the said candidates should be required, by way of
public exhibition of their skill in polite literature
(without prejudice of the private examination after-
wards t<> !> enjoined), in presence of all the ];itrn>

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 365

of such literature to be convened thither by program,
to illustrate in a short and perspicuous Latin para-
phrase, with apt observations, the prologue to the
Satires of Persius, each of them being allowed one
half-hour by the glass and no more. The candidates
being called back, the Eev. Principal stated to them
the whole method and rules of the future examination ;
and upon their assenting to the proposals, they were
commanded to decide by lot the order in which they
were to.be called upon at the examination; and the
lots happened according to the figures prefixed as
above to their names ; after which this meeting was
closed with prayer.

" On the 12th of February all the candidates
appeared, except Mr. Bell, who was detained by the
death of his father, a respectable citizen. On this
account, his examination, at his own request, was put
off till the 16th of the same month. Eobert Hume,
likewise, who had waited his turn for three hours and
a half, being taken suddenly ill, obtained the same
favour with Mr. Bell.

"On the 16th, accordingly, Hume first, and then
Bell, performed the public exercise prescribed to the
candidates. Upon this, the meeting being dismissed,
the Lord Provost, with the judges, the Principal, and
several of the Council and ministers of the city, the
Regents, with the seven candidates, went up by them-
selves into the upper hall. Then the candidates, con-
ducted by one of the Regents, were desired to retire
into the Library, from whence, after consultation held
among the judges, each, according to the order formerly

366 HISTORY OF THE

decided by lot, was introduced separately by the Re-
gent ; when a private exercise was prescribed to them,
first of Latin, consisting of a passage of Apuleius, to be
turned into Scots ; and then of Greek, consisting of a
passage of Isocrates, to be turned into Latin. When
each in order had performed this task, they were all
desired to return to the Library. Then, after delibera-
tion among the judges for the purpose of ascertaining
the most meritorious candidate, it was agreed that
they should all at once be summoned again into tin-
hall ; and that the thanks of the meeting should be
given to them in polite terms by the Principal, for
the great ardour they had displayed in the cause of
elegant literature ; and that he should assure them that
each of them deserved to fill an academical chair, but
as there was only one vacant, one of them only could
have it ; and that the judges had thought fit to declare
in favour of Mr. William Gumming, on account of his
possessing somewhat of superiority to the other candi-
dates in point of years and experience ; and that they
had no doubt but he would prove an ornament to the
profession which he had thus obtained."

Mr. Gumming, however, remained in this office only
about two years ; for, on the 22d of February 1665,
he was elected Professor of Philosophy, in place of
Mr. William Tweedie, who had died on the 8th day
of the same month ; and after discharging the dutie>
of this last Professorship no longer than towards tin
conclusion of the session, he accepted an invitation
IVuiu the Earl of Argyle, about the end of June, to
under! ,-ikr the education <f liis eldest son, the Lord

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 367

MR. ANDREW Boss was the next who obtained the 1005.

Mr. Andrew

Professorship of Humanity, having been successful in Senth eigl
a comparative trial with another candidate, whose
name was Kirkwood. He was chosen March 10,
1665, but continued in the office no longer than to
the month of November of the same year 1665, when
he was promoted to a vacant Professorship of Philo-
sophy ; an office which he filled only for two years,
having died in August 1667.

MR. THOMAS BELL, who had been one of seven ices.
candidates when Mr. William Gumming proved sue- ^j^J^
cessful, appeared again to contend for this office, with processor.
four new candidates, whose names were George Lan-
dells, Robert M'Clellan, William Gulon, and Gasper
Kellie. The judges hesitated for some time betwixt
Mr. Bell and Mr. M'Clellan. At last, in respect that
Mr. Bell had appeared to very great advantage on the
former trial, and was on this occasion fully equal to
his competitor, and had, besides, the advantage of
him in point of age, they determined unanimously in
his favour. He was accordingly elected, December 6,
1665. Having discharged the duties of this office
for ten years with great reputation, he died about the
end of February 1676.

MR. GILBERT M'MuRDO succeeded Mr. Bell, in con- 1676
sequence of being found superior to four other candi-

-i i -i T i i i twentieth

dates who contended with him on this occasion, on Profef
the 3d day of April 1676, and was the eighteenth Pro-
fessor. He remained in this station till the death of
Mr. John Wood, Professor of Philosophy, which hap-
pened on the 22d of March 1679, and was on the 2d

368 HISTORY OF THE

of April chosen Mr. Wood's successor by the Town-
Council, upon the recommendation of his colleagues.
He continued Professor of Philosophy till the time of
his death, which happened in the year 1683.
1679. MR. ALEXANDER CUNNINGHAM havinef proved suc-

Mr. Alex- 3 *

cessful in a competition with Mr. Eobert Monteith,
the only other candidate who stood upon this occasion,
was admitted to the Professorship of Humanity in
April 1679, and was the 2 1 st Professor. Having taught
Humanity with great applause about ten years, he
was then made one of the Professors of Philosophy in
consequence of the death of Mr. Alexander Cockburn.
MR. JOHN DRUMMOND was chosen, by the delegates
appointed by the patrons to fill up this office, on the
20th of February 1689 ; but on the 25th of September
the following year he was deposed by the Visitors of
the University, for refusing to take the oaths of alle-
giance to King William and Queen Mary; upon which
a new election was held by comparative trial.
Mr. !!r- MR. LAURENCE DUNDAS, upon the trial which was
' held on the 5th of November 1690, was preferred to

thin I

wor - other three competitors ; and, on the 28th of the same
month, he was invested with the office of Professor of
Humanity. After the year 1708, when a new arrange-
ment took place respecting the mode of teaching Giv. k
and Philosophy, it was agreed that the students of the
Humanity class should be matriculated in the same
manner with those of Greek and Philosophy, which
had not formerly been the practice. Accordingly, Mr.
Dundas's class, which had convened in October 1709,
w;is matriruhitnl oiithe 1st of March 1710; on which

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 369

occasion sixty-nine students of Humanity entered their
names in the Album. Before this period there is no
record extant of the numbers of students of Humanity
attending this University. In the class commencing
in October 1*716, and matriculated on the 26th of
February 1717, there appear seventy-seven names in
the list, which seems to be the most numerous class
ever taught by Mr. Laurence Dundas. It may be
supposed, however, that several were absent on this
occasion ; which was probably the case then, as well as
now, at the matriculation.

Mr. Dundas taught with great reputation till the
year 1727, when he resigned. 1 He died near the end
of the year 1734. He had acquired a considerable
fortune ; and, among other legacies, he bequeathed
9000 marks Scots, as a perpetual fund for educating
three bursars. The deed of Mortification appears in
the Records of the University for the 26th of May
1735.

MR. ADAM WATT was elected Professor of Hnma- 11-27.

Mr. Adam

nity in the year 1727, in place of Mr. Laurence Dun-JJJ^.
das, who had resigned ; and he was the twenty-fourth fwnor.
Professor. He taught till the time of his death,
which happened in March 1734.

MR, JOHN KER, formerly Professor of Greek in i" 84 -

J Mr. John

King's College, Aberdeen, 2 being elected by the usual

fessnr.

1 [Dundas gave in his resignation, of Edinburgh. He was the author of
after having taught the class for the " Donaides," and other works. His
long period of thirty-seven years, in Latin version of the "Can ticum Solo-
favour of Adam Watt, son of his old moms," Edinb. 1727, small 8vo, is in-
friend, the City clerk of Edinburgh.] eluded in Lander's collection, entitled

- [Ker had previously been one of the " Poetarum Scotorum Musje Sacroe,"

classical Masters in the High School Edinb. 17-39, 2 vols. 8vo.]

2 A

370 HISTORY OF THE

delegates from the College of Justice and Town-Coun-
cil, to succeed Mr. Adam Watt, deceased, was, by the
Lord Provost in person, attended by several of the
Magistrates, presented to the Senatus Academicus on
the 4th of October 1734. He taught till the time of
his death, which happened on the 19th of November
1741 ; and, at a meeting of the Senatus Academicus,
held on the 20th, his son was desired to teach the
class till it should be otherwise supplied.
1741. MR. GEORGE STUART having been elected by the

rge c .

hv.'n'ty usual delegates Professor of Humanity, in place of Mr.
Ker, deceased, and Mr. Kobert Hunter having been
elected by the Town-Council Professor of Greek, they
were both on the same day, being the 1 7th of Decem-
ber 1741, introduced into the Senatus Academicus, by
the College Bailie, the Dean of Guild, and several of
the Council ; but before their commissions were read,
the Rev. Dr. William Wishart, Principal, in his own
name and in that of his colleagues, signified to the de-
puties from the Council, that, whereas it had been the
constant custom, that before the presenting any per-
sons elected to such offices in this University, the
Professors were required to take trial of them, ami
make a report to the Magistrates and Council of their
sufficiency ; this having been omitted in the present
case, the Masters of the University had, by themselves.
considered the qualifications of tin -se u -ntlemen, ami
\\.-re content to receive and admit them to the respec-
tive offices, not only on account of other evidences
they had of their qualifications, lut particularly as
Mr. HmihT was in the practice of teaching Greek sue-

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. 371

cessfully, and Mr. Stuart had been in the like practice
of teaching Latin ; but that they found it incumbent
upon them to insist that this should be no precedent
in prejudice of their right of trying persons chosen to
the like offices in time coming, and rejecting any who
upon such trial should be found insufficient. After
this, the commissions being read, they were received
and admitted to their respective offices, by the Senatus
Academicus, in the usual manner.

APPENDIX.

i.

ELEGIAC VERSES TO THE MEMORY OF PRINCIPAL
EOLLOCK. (Page 39.)

THE authors of these verses, written all in Latin, except one copy in
Greek by Mr. Henry Charteris, were, Mr. Robert Pont, minister
of St. Cuthbert's Church, Edinburgh; Mr. Alexander Ruthven,
brother to the Earl of Gowrie ; Sir Adrian Damman of Bysterveldt,
who had taught Humanity for several years in the College; Mr.
Thomas Craig; Mr. John Johnstone ; Mr. Henry Charteris, Rol-
lock's successor; Mr. William Craig, Professor of Philosophy ; Mr.
John Adamson, afterwards Principal; Mr. David Barclay; Mr. John
Ray, Professor of Humanity; Mr. George Greir; Mr. William Arthur;
Mr. Thomas Bellenden ; Mr. John Scott ; Mr. Nathaniel Udward ;
Mr. George Douglas ; Mr. David Hume ; Mr. Alexander Hume ;
and Mr. Hercules Rollock. These verses are subjoined to the
Latin Account of Rollock's Life and Death, written by Mr. George
Robertson, Professor of Philosophy, and afterwards one of the
ministers of Edinburgh. [It has the following title : " Vitse et
mortis D. Roberti Rolloci Scoti narratio. Scripta per Georgium
Robertsonum. Adjectis in eundem quorundam Epitaphiis. Edin-
burgi, apud Henricum Charteris, 1599." 12mo.] The verses
themselves are certainly not inferior to any of the kind composed
by scholars in other countries of Europe at that period, which was
the age of modern Latin Poetry. Buchanan, who had died the
very year before Rollock began to teach in the College of Edin-
burgh, had been styled, by the universal suffrage of the learned,
" Poetarum sui seculi facile princeps." As Robertson's Account
of Rollock's Life and Death is now extremely scarce, I shall
subjoin a specimen of these verses :

DE me, deque ineo meruit tua fratre voluntas,
De te verum index ut moriente loquar.

374 APPENDIX.

Nobiscum hunc orbem donee, Rolloce, tenebas,

Mortales inter Numinis instar eras.
Morte (quod optabas) idem nunc additus astris,

Implebis merita laude superstes huraum.

M. A. RUTH YEN us.

' alvovs eu^i>s afevra irbvovs
' avapavra. 0<?ou /SoiJX^crts avuyev

dxf>\T)<rav paiveu> M 5i5(r/3ara,
j, K6<r/J.os, Tra.vTo5a.irai, r' aperal.
Kal irporepbv 7' IKCIV fk ovpavov tirprir' d\i)0ovs
'AXXoi/j irai$ev<rav& ayva AcAei/^a irareiv.

HENRICUS CHAKTEKISICS.

ALIUD.

DUM vitam ambiret, toto vivebat in orbe

Rollocus, soils qua micat igne globus.
Vidit et ingemuit, non hsec mea vita, nee orbis

Jure, inquit, civem me ferat esse suum.
Vita mini est Christus, coslum est mea patria, cunctae

Res mundi mihi sunt stercora, damna, nihil.
Audiit hos gemitus summa qui spectat ab arce :

Ergo veni in patriam, mox ait, ergo veni.
Jam jam adeunda tibi est fulgentis regia cceli ;

Ut vita optata sic potiaris ovans.

ALIUD.

QU^IRIS viator tumulus iste quern tegat ?
Nemo referre posset hoc plene tibi.
Audire verbo si tamen verum cupis t
Operta virtus omnis hoc cippo jacet.

HKNRICUS CHARTERISIUS.

M. A. Ruthvcnus, the author of the first of these pieces, was
Mr. Alexander Ruthven, third son to the first, and brotlu-r to tlu>
second Earl of Gowric. The mention made of his brother's obli-
gation to Rollock, as well as his own, is a proof of this, as they
both studied at the College of Edinburgh, and took the Master's
degree ; the Earl on the 12th of August 15 ( .>,'). in >lr. Forme's class ;
and Alexander on the 29th of July 1598, in Mr. Chartcris's class.
M. prefixed to his name is for " Magister," which then only those
\\liu took the degree were calK-d.

APPENDIX. 375

[It is surprising that Professor Dalzel should have overlooked a
manuscript volume in the University Library which contains a Life of
Rollock, evidently prepared for the press by his colleague, Henry
Charteris, who succeeded him as Principal. It is added to a Com-
mentary on the First Epistle of Peter, by Rollock, revised and
completed by Charteris in 1627. It also includes the elegiac verses
above mentioned, with the exception of the lines quoted by Alex-
ander Ruthven, which, no doubt, were purposely omitted, but with
additional verses by Mr. Robert Boyd, Mr. William Hart, Mr.
George Thomson, Mr. John Douglas, Mr. James Coldin, Mr.
Adam Abernethy, and Mr. Andrew Melville. This Life was first
printed in 1826, for the Bannatyne Club, as the sequel to a reprint
of Robertson's Nar ratio, 1599, along with the complete series of
these elegiac verses. The Life by Charteris was again printed, with
a translation by Mr. W. M. Gunn, in the first volume of Rollock's
Select Works, 1849, 8vo, for the Wodrow Society.]

II.

THE PRINTED THESES OF THE REGENTS AND STUDENTS
OF PHILOSOPHY.

[Professor Dalzel frequently refers to the Philosophical Theses,
which were printed before the day fixed for the graduation of Mas-
ters of Arts. No complete series of these Theses exists ; and the
earliest one that has been discovered is that for the year 1596. In
1599 and subsequent years, the names of the candidates, as well as
of the presiding Regent, are affixed, with a dedication to the Provost
and Magistrates of Edinburgh, or to some person of distinction. Till
1632, these Theses were printed in quarto, with the exception of two
in small folio. Some of the following years have not been met with;
but from 1641 till the close of the seventeenth century, the form usually
adopted (known as broadsides, from being printed only on one side
of the leaf) was a folio sheet in small type, and in two or more
columns. The quarto size was again resumed, for a few years, be-
fore the change in the course of study, which took place in 1708,
when the custom of public disputations for the honour of A.M. was
laid aside ; although occasionally persons ambitious of distinction
prepared a separate philosophical dissertation on some subject of
Philosophy, which was printed in the same quarto form.

From the Register of Laureations, mentioned at page 17, by Pro-

376 APPENDIX.

fessor Dalzel, compared with the names which appear in the various
printed Theses alluded to, the Editor of this work prepared " A
Catalogue of the Graduates in the Faculties of Arts, Divinity, and
Law, of the University of Edinburgh, since its Foundation. Edin-
burgh : 1858." 8vo. It may be added, that a similar Catalogue of
the Edinburgh Graduates in Medicine, from the institution of the
Medical Faculty in 1726, had previously been printed. As each
candidate was required to submit a dissertation on some particular
topic, and being uniformly printed in an octavo size (excepting the
earlier ones), the collection, during the course of upwards of 130
years, forms a most voluminous series. The subject of each Thesis
is specified in the printed lists of the Medical Graduates.]

III.

THE DISCIPLINE OF THE COLLEGE OF EDINBURGH, DECKMBKR
3, 1628: WHEREIN is CONTAINED THE OFFICES AND
DUTIES OF THE PROFESSORS, MASTERS, SCHOLARS, BUR-
SARS, AND SERVANTS, AS IT HAS BEEN OBSERVED MANY
YEARS AGO. (Page 91.)

THE ORDER OF THE FIRST YEAR.

In the beginning of October the entrant students to the discip-
line of the College are exercised in Latin authors, chiefly in Cicero,
and turning of Scots into Latin and Latin into Scots ; and the
Regent is to examine these versions both in the etymology, construc-
tion, and in the right writing of them, until the IVimar give and
examine a common theme.

The common theme being examined, Clenard's Greek Grammar
it Continually taught, in which, when they come to the annotations
on the nouns, the practice of the rules is joined with the Grammar
out of some part of the New Testament. Then are taught the first
and second orations of Isocrates, and also one or two others of the
Mine author, and of the poets, Phocilides, the first book of Htv-il.
with some books of Homer.

About the middle of May are taught llamus's Logics, and with
tli Logics^ some Latin themes to be turned into Greek, ami some
in <livek tn l>e turned into Latin.

What they hear at the beginning out >!' tin- New '! \ -.-lament, the

APPENDIX. 377

first oration of Isocrates and Phocilides. or the first book of Hesiod,
they commit to memory ; and what is taught during the week they
repeat on the Saturday mornings with a clear voice in the Master's
audience ; on that same day they dispute betwixt ten and twelve
o'clock. On the morning of the Lord's day the Catechism is
taught.

THE ORDER OF THE SECOND YEAR.

From the beginning of October they are exercised in repeating
those things which were taught in the former year ; and near the
end of October they are examined on the same.

The examinations being ended, they are examined in themes and
versions, until the Greek theme be taught by the Primar ; which
uses to be taught the day after the common theme (foresaid) is
given.

After the Greek theme is taught Talseus' Rhetoric with Cassan-
der, or the like, together with Apthonius's Progymnasmata. After-
wards they make orations to exercise their style in Logic and
Rhetoric.

In the beginning of January Aristotle's Organon is begun to be
taught, beginning at Porphyry's Isagoge ; and in that year are
taught the books of the Categories on the Interpretation of the
Prior Analytics, the first, second, and eight of the Topics, and the
two books of Sophistics.

In the end of the year is taught a coinpend of Arithmetic.

On the Saturday they dispute on Logic theses in their private
schools. But on the first Saturday of May, at three o'clock in the
afternoon, they begin to have orations in public ; and they have
each days appointed, until all of them have declaimed before the
end of the year.

On the Lord's day, in the morning, the Regent goes on in the
explication of the Catechism.

THE ORDER OF THE THIRD CLASS.

In the beginning of the third year, they repeat what was taught
in the former year, until the examinations.

After the examinations, the Regent teaches his scholars the
Hebrew Grammar, and exercises them in Logical analysis and
Rhetoric, in what authors he thinks best, until a public examina-
tion of their progress in analysis is made by the Primar ; which
usually takes place the day after the Greek theme (foresaid) is
given and examined.

378 APPENDIX.

The trial of their ability in analysis being made, the Regent goes
on to teach his scholars the two books of the Posteriores in the
Logics, and then teaches the first, second, the half of the third, the
fifth and sixth books of the Ethics, afterwards the five first books of
the Acroamatics (or general Physics), and teaches a short compend
of the three last.

In the end of the year the anatomy of the human body is de-
scribed.

On the Saturdays they dispute in their private schools on theses
which the Regent prescribes out of those things which they have
heard.

On the Lord's day, some commonplace of Divinity is taught.

THE ORDER OF THE FOURTH CLASS.

In the beginning of the fourth year, after the vacation, all those
things which were formerly learned are repeated, until the two in-
ferior classes be examined.

The examinations being ended, they begin the books de Coelo
(i.e., concerning the heavens), and the Regent teaches the first
book, the greater part of the second and fourth ; which being per-
fected, the Sphere of John de Sacrobosco is taught, with some
theorems of the planets, to the fourth chapter ; as also the more
notable constellations are shown in the book, in the Celestial Globe,
and in the heavens.

Then are taught most exactly the books de Ortu (i.e., of genera-
tion), and the books de Meteoris, as much as sufficeth. Then are
taught the three books de Aiiima (i.e., concerning the soul).

In the beginning of May they begin to repeat all those things
learned in the Logics and Philosophy.

In the time of the repetitions Hunter's Cosmography is taught ;
and afterwards they are exercised in disputing, chiefly on the
theses, which they are publicly to defend at the laureation.

On the Lord's day, in the morning, they are exercised in common-
places of Theology, and on the most necessary controversies.

The Bachelors, after they have learned in the third year the
lir>t four chapters of the first book de Demonstratione, convene in
tin- Magistrand school at five o'clock at night, and there dispute
with the Magistrands, every one of them having a Magistrand tor
his antagonist, the choice l.eiiiir made by the lieL'ents. who likewise
pn-nil" tlie matter of disputation, ami .-<> lliey e\nvi>e llinn.-rh -
till six

APPENDIX. 379

In like manner, upon the Saturdays from ten o'clock, all the
three superior classes dispute in the public schools ; the Magis-
traiids first give the theses, then the Bachelors, and thirdly, the
Semies ; and so by turns in circle. These public disputations are
begun so soon as the Semies have learned Porphyry's Isagoge, from
whence the matter of disputation is taken.

These disputations are continued until the examination_of the
Magistrands.

THE ORDER OP THE HUMANITY CLASS.

In this class are taught classic and historical authors, orators,
poets. They translate themes out of Latin into Scots and from
Scots into Latin. They are also sometimes exercised in making
of verses. In the morning they repeat their task in the Grammar,
and also Talaeus' Rhetoric uses to be taught, both for the precepts
and the illustrious examples.

The University being dismissed, and the Magistrands laureat,
they learn somewhat of the Greek, that they may learn to decline
and conjugate, and so they are exercised to the month of September.

On the Lord's day they learn the Catechism ; on the Saturdays
some of Buchanan's psalms are taught; and an account of their
prelections is rendered upon Monday morning.

The vacation being ended, they are examined by the Regents
both in those things they have learned, and in those things which
they have added by their own private studies.

THE ORDER OF THE EXAMINATIONS.

The first class is examined by three Regents, whereof one
examineth the prose, another the poesy, the third the Logics ; and
not only do they use to make trial of those things which were
taught, but also of those things which every one has added by his
own proper and private studies.

The second class likewise is examined by three Regents of those
things which were learned the former year. The first examinator
makes a trial of each in Porphyry's Isagoge and the Categories ;
the second in the book de Interpretatione and the prior Analytics ;
the third in the Topics and Sophistics.

This examination being ended, the highest class undergoes
examination of all those things which they have formerly learned
in Aristotle. Every one of them i,s examined by each of the three

380 APPENDIX.

Kegents of the inferior classes. After this order, the first Regent
makes trial, in the first place, in the common parts of Logic ; the
second, in the posterior Analytics ; the third, in the Topics and
Sophistical Captions. In the next place, the first Regent makes
trial in the two books of general Physics ; the second, in the other
three books ; and the third, in the Ethics.

In the end of the year they are again examined before the
Laureation by the four Regents, the Regent of the Humanity class
being joined to the former three. And each of the four Regents
examines each student twice. In the first place, the first of the
four Regents examines on the common part of the Logics ; tin-
second, on the books de Demonstratione ; the third, on the Topics
and Sophistics ; and the fourth, on the Ethics. The second time,
the first makes examination on the common part of the Physics ;
the second, on the books de Coelo (/.., concerning the heavens),
and the Sphere ; the third, on de Ortu (i.e., concerning the genera-
tion or original of all things), and of the Meteors ; and the fourth,
de Anima (i.e., concerning the soul).

Before the examination of the Magistrands, the Town- Council
is pre-admonished by the Primar, that they may send some grave
men with the Rector, who, together with the Primar, shall take an
oath of every one of the examinators, defideli administratione, and
that, without respect of persons, they shall assign to every one his
deserved degree of honour in the public laureation ; and who shall
bind the Magistrands also by an oath, that each of them shall be
content with that degree and place to which he shall be appointed
by the Primar and Examinators ; with this certification, that he
who carries himself stubbornly and forwardly, and betrays any
outrageous passion of mind, shall be immediately thrust out with
ignominy, and shall not be permitted to enter the public solemnity,
nor shall be laureat.

TIIK TIME OF CONVENING AFTER THE VACATION.

They return to the College after the vacation in the beginning
<>t' ( K-tober.

THE OFFICE OF I'KI.MAK.

The vacation being ended, the Primar calls the Regents to him.
tint, without delay, they may return to their office and trust, and
thsit. with common consent, they may advise and deliberate upon
things that are most advantageous or conduciblc to the good

APPENDIX. 381

of the University ; what is to be renewed ; and what is further to
be appointed for preserving the order and discipline thereof.

It is his part, not only immediately after the vacation, but also
at all other times needful, to call the Regents together, that by their
mutual counsel they may restore or add vigour to the practice of
those things which are fallen out of use, or may appoint new things
which they find requisite for the better discipline of the College ;
of which the Primar is to let the Council know, that it may be
further approven and confirmed. It is his office also to admonish
the bursars, janitor, and all others belonging to the University, of
their duties.

To take heed to the College, to see that the scholars be diligently
exercised, and to visit the schools as often as there is need. If any
of the scholars is guilty of obstinacy or rebellion against his Master
or Regent, the Primar is so to correct and chastise him, that reve-
rence and respect may from thence be bred in others.

He ought to take care that grievous and scandalous faults be
punished, in the public schools, before the Regents and all the
scholars.

At the public meeting of all the scholars at six o'clock at night,
or four o'clock in the summer in the afternoon, the Primar makes
public prayers unto God.

Upon the fourth day of the week, which is called Wednesday,
at three o'clock in the afternoon, upon the tolling of the bell, the
scholars convene in the common hall; and there, after a sacred
lesson, wherein the scholars are instructed to pious duties, the
censors are examined anent the order which has been observed in
every class and by every scholar in the week preceding, and that
according to the prescriptions of their duties ; and new censors are
appointed.

The Primar takes care, also, that all entrants be matriculated, and
each at his matriculation shall solemnly vow and promise obedience
to the discipline of the College, and to all the Regents or Masters.

THE OFFICE OF THE PROFESSOR OF THEOLOGY.

The Professor of Theology must teach the students the right
method of learning Theology ; what they should read first, or at the
beginning, and what is necessary afterwards ; and in all things which
they should chiefly exercise themselves in. He shall teach publicly
on the Tuesday and Friday, betwixt eleven and twelve in the fore-
noon : and he shall be present on the Monday at an exercise in

APPENDIX.

Scots of the students in Theology. On the Thursdays he shall take
care that one of the students make trial privately in Latin upon
some head of Theology, both by teaching and by sustaining theses ;
the Professor himself, in the meanwhile, moderating in the disputa-
tions.

It belongs also to the Professor of Theology to teach something
of the Hebrew tongue.

THE OFFICES OR DUTIES OF THE REGENTS AND HEBDOMADAR.

The Regents, when by humble prayer they have committed them-
selves and their scholars unto God, respectively teach those things
which are to be taught ; and then take care that the scholars in
their several sections confer amongst themselves concerning those
things which have been taught.

If they have not taught sufficiently in the morning, they proceed
further at ten o'clock ; and the rest of the time the scholars confer
in their several sections or dispute.

In the afternoon they attend their scholars, that they may confer
or dispute till four o'clock, and then they examine until six ; but on
days designed for play or recreation, the scholars go out to the fields
at two o'clock, and return at four ; and from that time are examined
till six. But in summer they confer on these things which were
taught till three ; and from three till four they are examined by the
Regent ; and from four to six they recreat themselves in the fields.

On the Saturday, each of the Regents attends the disputations in
his own class ; in the winter, from seven o'clock in the morning,
and in the summer, from six till nine ; and, in like manner, from
ten o'clock in the forenoon till twelve. But in the public disputa-
tions of the three classes, the Regents, each in his turn, moderate at
the disputations in the public schools. In the afternoon, they either
teach or dispute, as it shall seem fit to the Regent, and as the
St.itutes of the College appoint.

On the Lord's day, the private lessons being ended, at the second
bell, they go to the church, four of the Regents going before, and
the Hebdomadar follows behind. Sermon being ended, and the
assembly dismissed, in the afternoon they return in order, as they
went, to their respective schools, where the Regents take an account
<>f the sermons, and of their morning lessons.

The students being dismissed, the Regents convene at five o'clock
in the Hcbdomadar's chamber, that each may report what disorder he
hns seen in the preceding week, that it may be timcously amended,

APPENDIX. 383

and that they may incite and stir up one another mutually to their
duty, and that they may by all means endeavour to reclaim the
scholars from disorder, and provoke them to the study of piety and
good learning.

All the scholars, by turns, execute the office of Hebdomadar,
whose duty it is,

1. To take care that at the public meetings there be no confusion
or disorder ; and, in like manner, that at the dismission the scholars
may get out without trouble and disorder.

2. That, at every hour appointed for meeting, they, immediately
after the bell, go and visit the classes, and that they take care that
all the scholars fall readily and cheerfully to their studies.

3. That, upon play-days, they attend the students to the fields,
and wait upon them in the fields, and bring them all back in com-
pany to their schools, and give the names of the absents in every
class written by the censors to their respective Regents.

4. To be present at the public lessons, where all the scholars
ought to be present, and to observe and to delate those who misbe-
have themselves.

5. To call the Regents to him at five o'clock at night, upon the
Lord's day, and to relate to them what fault he has observed in any
class or scholar, that it may be corrected by the Regent ; and, if
there be any need of the Primar, to signify it unto him, that, by the
mutual counsel of the Masters, any damage which, by bad example,
may redound to the College, may be quickly prevented.

6. That also, in the Primar's absence, he may, at the dismission
of the College, make prayers unto God. It is incumbent on the
Regents to be always intent upon their duty, "but chiefly that none
be absent in the time of public prayers, nor from a public oration,
nor from the public account required of the order and discipline.

Not one of the Regents may absent himself from the College a
day, without leave asked or given of the Primar ; and that not one
of them be absent two days, without liberty granted by the Town-
Council ; and that, in the time of his absence, he provide one in his
place to attend and teach his class. But it is to be provided, that
no Regent depute the teaching of his scholars to any who read notes
out of a book, neither in his own presence nor absence. Regard
also is to be had that all the Regents behave themselves with all
reverence and observance towards the Primar ; for he is set over
them bv the Town-Council.

384 APPENDIX.

THE DUTIES OF THE BURSARS.

To ring the bell at the appointed hours.

To make clean the stairs which carry up to the schools, from dirt
and dust with a pedle and besom.

The hours of convening are six o'clock in the morning in the
winter, and five in the summer, beginning with May till the vaca-
tion ; at ten o'clock in the forenoon, and at half-two in the after-
noon ; at which times and hours it is the bursar's part to ring the
bell, and two of them are commanded to attend these duties every
week.

THE DUTIES OF THE JANITOR. TRANSLATED OUT OF THE OLD
STATUTES.

The Janitor ought to wait at the gates continually.

To open and lock the schools at the appointed hours.

To close the gate of the College at ten o'clock at night, and to
open it timeously in the morning.

To set up a lantern with candles in the porch, and in both the
trances, higher and lower.

To sweep the schools three times every week.

To keep the close clean.

To see that no damage or harm be done to the fabric of tin-
College, and if anything be broken or spoiled, to give immediate
notice to the Primar and Masters, that it may be timeously repaired
at the expenses of the guilty, and that they may be punished.

THE DUTIES OF THE SCHOLARS.

Upon the Lord's day, at seven o clock in the morning, every one
shall be present in his respective class for hearing of the s-ien-d
lessons taught.

At the second bell, with beseeming gravity and modesty, they
>hall go to the church, and there they shall with all seriou>iM-> ;md
x \.-rence employ themselves in prayers, praises, and in hearim:
-.mi.. us . and the church being dismissed in the afternoon, they shall
n-turn in good order with the Regents to the College, that they may
give an account of the public sermons, and of their morning
lessons.

Upon the Wednesdays, at three o'clock in the afternoon, tin-
bell being rung, with great modesty and gravity, they shall com ene

APPENDIX. 385

in the common hall for receiving a sacred lesson, and for giving
an account of their manners and behaviour.

In like manner, they shall exercise becoming modesty, at their
meetings for evening prayers ; all noise and tumult and disorder
being banished away.

In the morning, as every one shall enter the school, let him, as
a humble supplicant, adore the Lord ; nor may he attempt or begin
any study, until he have first implored or begged for grace and
divine aid in private.

In the winter, let all and every one be present in the schools at
six o'clock in the morning ; in the summer, at five o'clock ; and
there continue in hearing their lessons till nine, and in writing the
same ; and let them confer and repeat the things heard and written
with their condisciples, appointed by the Regent, in the distribution
of the class in sections for that purpose.

In like manner, from ten o'clock to twelve, they confer, repeat,
and dispute as long as it is permitted them to cease from their
public prelections. And also, at half-past one o'clock, let them be
present, confer, and give an account unto their Masters (excepting
the hours distinat for 'play).

Upon the Saturdays, from three o'clock in the afternoon, it is
lawful for them to take the play from their schools ; and upon Tues-
days and Thursdays, from mid- day to four o'clock in the winter ; but
let it be from four o'clock in the afternoon in the summer. Neither
may they play at any other time but when it shall seem good to the
Regents, and that for the relaxation of the mind, and the health
and exercise of the body ; but let none of them, in the meanwhile,
walk upon the streets, nor, as idle spectators, stand in the highways
or narrow passages. Neither must any of them, at any time, go in
to blind ale-houses, cellars or cooks houses, nor to taverns.

Upon the Saturdays mornings all the classes are to dispute,
every one of them in their proper school.

From the beginning of February until the 1st of July, the Magis-
trands are to dispute with the Bachelors in the Magistrand class ;
and antagonists, fitly chosen by the Regents, shall by turns, night
by night, from five o'clock till six, propound matters of disputation.

From the middle of January until the second Saturday of July,
three classes of the students of Philosophy shall dispute in the com-
mon hall upon theses propounded by every class, time about, in the
presence of three Regents, each of them moderating at the disputa-
tions by turns. This shall be from ten o'clock till twelve. But

2 B

386 APPENDIX.

the rest of the classes shall every Saturday, for that time, repeat,
dispute, and hear their prelections.

'Besides the books for their ordinary learning, let none of them be
without a Latin New Testament, a Catechism and a Psalm Book in
Scots.

If any act, or speak impiously, injuriously, and obscenely, he
must not be permitted to pass without punishment. Whoever,
therefore, profanes the holy name of God, whoever pours forth curses
and execrations, whoever talks rotten, filthy, and obscene speeches,
let them be severely chastised.

Let every scholar carry himself reverently to every one of the
Masters, and give obedience with all submission to their admoni -
tions.

Let all their discourses everywhere be in Latin ; and let them be
honest, chaste, modest, generous, not contentious, but discreet and
pious, nor about any subject or matter but what is good and honest.

Let every one be diligent and laborious in his studies.

Let none interrupt the studies of his neighbours.

Let none enter the classes or chambers of others.

Neither let any one, out of curiosity, stand and listen at the doors
of others, except censors.

Let none be absent from the College without liberty first obtained
from the Regent ; neither should any go out without the College
gate, except his Regent grant him liberty to do so.

Let no censor presume to move out of his own class without
leave from his Regent ; but in his Regent's absence he must in no
case go out till his return. Any who obtain liberty to go out, let
him return without delay; for upon no pretext whatsoever must any
be suffered to play the truant.

Let every one, as becomes a disciple of Christ, show himself a
pattern to his condisciples of piety, goodness, modesty, and diligence
in his studies.

None must provoke or give offence to his neighbour in word,
deed, or behaviour ; neither must any offer to wrong or reproach
his neighbour.

Let all scoldings, revilings, and reproachful language be utterly
l.,iiiMied from all and every one of the students.

If any shall see his neighbour idle, or doing anything against his
duty, let him, as becomes a good Christian, give him a friendly and
brotherly admonition ; and if, so admonished, he do not repent and
nun-lid, let him mark and delntr him.

APPENDIX. 387

Let none take upon him to revenge himself, either by word or
deed, when he is reproached or wronged in any manner of way
by another ; but let him complain of the wrong done him, either
to the Primar, or the Regent of the scholar who has done the
offence.

Let none in a rude or unreverent manner pass by, speak, or look
to those that are worthy of respect, such as magistrates, ministers
of the gospel, aged men, or others eminent for learning, virtue, or
authority.

Let none otherwise behave himself in public, but as it becomes
the students of good learning, that is, gravely, modestly, and reve-
rently.

Let every one flee the company and familiar conversation with
wicked persons as a pest.

Let none carry a sword or dagger about him.

Let none walk by night upon the public streets.

Extra secessum recrementis excipiendis destinatum nemo vel
alvi faeces deponito vel urinam redito.

Let none break, deface, or any way spoil the glass windows, walls,
forms, seats, pulpits, or any other thing within the precincts of the
College, but let them keep all things light, neat, and sound.

Let the censors be faithful in the discharge of their trust, by
admonishing offenders, and delating them, as is required.

Let him be punished who is anywise faulty, according to the
nature of his offence.

Let them be extruded, or thrust out of the College with disgrace,
who shall be found to be authors or ringleaders of rebellion or sedi-
tion, or who shall be convicted of any notable or heinous crime. 1

IV.

MORTIFICATIONS TO THE COLLEGE, AND THE SUMS THEREOF

RESTAND IN THE TOWN'S HANDS. (Page 173.)

" The 23d January 1656. . . . The Provost, Bailies, and Coun-
cil, having perused the haill Council books, Town's compts, and
writs, since the foundation of the College, and made the most nar-
row search that can be, at the sight of the Regents and present
Treasurer of the College, they, find that the Provost, Bailies, and

1 Register of the University of Edinburgh, pp. 39-53.

388 APPENDIX.

Council, and the Treasurers of this burgh, have received, from the
persons underwritten, the particular sums of money after men-
tioned, mortified to the College of this burgh, converted to their
own use, and for the which they are debtors, as follows :

" 1. From the Lords of Session, Provost, Bailies, and Council of
this burgh, and from the Advocates, Writers to the Signet, and
Clerks of Session, the sum of three thousand pounds for entertain-
ing of a Master of Humanity and six bursars within the said College,
conform to the contract passed betwixt the said parties thereanent,
and actit in December 1597.

" 2. Item, Received from umquhile James Bannatyue, the sum of
100 marks, for the use of the College, conform to an act of Council,
dated the 19th July 1598.

" 3. Item, Received from the heirs of the deceased William Cow-
per, tailor, the sum of 100 marks, to help to entertain a student
within the College, conform to an act of Council, dated the 23d
December 1607.

"4. Item, From the Ministers and Kirk-Session of Edinburgh,
8100 pounds, to be employed for the annual rent of 1000 marks.
for the sustentation of the Masters and Regents of the College,
conform to an act of Council, dated the last of September 1608.

" 5. Item, Received by Thomas Speir, treasurer, from the Lord
Lindsay, for demitting the benefice of Haddingtoun again by the
town in his favour, anno 1609, 1333 lib. 6s. 8d.

" 6. Item, Received from Charles Sheirar the sum of 1000 marks,
whereof 500 marks [to be] employed for the College, for entertain-
ing of the Regents, conform to an act of Council, dated the penult,
day of July 1617 ; for the which the Council are debtors ; and the
other 500 marks for the hospital.

"7. Item, Received from Isobel Allan, relict of the deceased
David Alexander, merchant, in name of her three daughters, exreu-
tors to the defunct, the sum of 200 marks, conform to an act of
Council, dated the 4th March 1617.

"8. Item, Received from Hew Wright, merchant, the right of
assignation to the sum of 1000 marks, due to him by the Laly
B rough toun, and her cautioners, the annual rent whereof to be paid
to hini.-i'lf, during his lifetime, and, after his decease, to be rinploved
for sustentation of a Professor of Divinity within the said College,
conform to an act of Council, dated the penult, of December 1618.
!>. hem, Received from Alexander Stobo, messenger, 300
marks money, for sustentation of a Professor of Divinity in the >ii<l

APPENDIX. 389

College, reserving his own liferent thereof, conform to an act of
Council, dated the 15th January 1619.

" 10. Item, Received from Mr. Samuel Johnstoun, for the exe-
cutors of the deceased Archibald Johnstoun, merchant, the sum
of 1000 marks, left in legacy, to be employed upon profit, for main-
tenance of bursars and students in the said College, conform to an
act of Council, of the date the 28th May 1619.

" 11. Item, Received from Sir William Nisbet of Dean, the sum
of 1100 pounds; for which they are obliged to pay 100 pounds
yearly for sustentation of a Professor of Divinity within the said
College, conform to two acts of Council, the one dated the 2d of
June 1619, and the other dated the 20th of April 1621.

" 12. Item, Received from Gilbert Hay, executor, confirmit to um-
quhile James Young, and Barbara Robertson his spouse, the sum
of 100 marks, to be employed upon profit, for the use of two poor
[scholars] in the College, for their help two years before they be
made Masters, conform to an act of Council, dated 21st July 1619.

"13. Item, Received from the heirs of William Rig, the sum of
625 marks, for payment of an yearly annual rent of threescore two
marks and ane half, for help to entertain a Professor of Divinity
within the said College, conform to an Act of Council, dated the
23rd August 1620.

" 14. Item, From Thomas Spier, the sum of 1000 marks, to be
employed for the maintenance of a Professor of Divinity within the
said College, conform to an act of Council, dated 3d January
1621.

" 15. Item, From the executors of umquhile John Lawtie,
Apothecar, the sum of 100 pounds, ordaining to buy books there-
with, conform to an act of Council, 19th July 1622.

" 16. Item, Received from the executors of umquhile Mr. Walter
Balcanquhal, the sum of 1100 marks, towards the maintenance of
a Professor of Divinity within the said College, conform to an act
of Council, dated the 30th of August 1622.

"17. Item, Received from Isobel Brown, relict of the deceased
John Mason, merchant, the sum of 300 marks money, to the use of
a Professor of Divinity within the said College, conform to an act
of Council, dated the 29th of October 1622.

" 18. Item, Received from the executors of umquhile Margaret
Stewart, the sum of 300 marks, to be employed to the use of the
College, conform to an act of Council, dated the 10th day of
December 1623.

390 APPENDIX.

" 19. Item, Received from the executors of umquhile James
Ainslie, the sum of 500 marks, to be employed for the maintenance
of a Professor of Divinity within the said College, conform to an
act of Council, dated the 16th of January 1624.

" 20. Item, Received by George Suttie, treasurer, from Margaret
Zuill, 500 marks, 23d June IG'24.

"21. Item, Received by George Suttie, treasurer, by James
Murray, master of work for Michael Fiudlay, anno 1624, 320 lib.

" 22. Item, Received by George Suttie, treasurer, from Mar-
garet Cowper, relict of James Mestertoun, 9th November 1625, for
bursars, 333 lib. 6s. 8d.

" 23. Item, Left in legacy by umquhile Hew Wright, the sum of
500 marks, towards the sustentation of a bursar at the College of this
burgh, conform to an act of Council, dated the 5th of January 1626.

" 24. Item, Received from Charles Sheirar, the sum of 1000
marks, to be employed upon annual rent, to be paid to himself during
his lifetime, and, after his decease, to John Sheirar, his kinsman,
and, after his decease, to be employed for help to entertain a Pro-
fessor of Divinity within the said College, conform to an act of
Council, dated the 29th December 1630.

" 25. Item, Received from the executors of the deceased John
Byres of Coattis, the sum of 300 marks, to be employed to the use
of the College, conform to an act of Council, dated the 18th of
January 1632.

" 26. Item, Received from the heirs of umquhile Patrick Gillies
[or Ellis] elder, and Patrick Gillies younger, the sum of 1000 l
marks, to be employed for sustaining of a Professor of Divinity
within the said College, conform to an act of Council, dated the
19th of February 1634.

"27. Item, Received from the executors of nni.|iihile Thomas
Muir, the sum of 100 marks, for help of maintenance of two bur-
sars at the said College, conform to an act of Council, dated the
6th of January 1636.

Which haill particular sums before mentioned are contained in
the before specified act of Council, dated the 3d day of April l<J4o.

" 28. Item, Received by John Fleming, treasurer, for .Mr. Bartlie
Soninirrville, portioner of Sauchtounhall, the sum of 26,000 marks.
upon the town's band, to be employed upon annual rent, in manner
following : 20,000 marks thereof for entertainment of a Professor of

1 " KxtcinliiiK. with M.IIM- l>y run annuals. \n 13OO marks." ( 'rau toi.l's Hi>t.
I tin- rnivn-Mty. j.. 1'j:..

APPENDIX. 391

Divinity within the said College, and 6000 marks thereof for build-
ing of a house to the Professor, ordaining the sum to be lent to Sir
William Dick, upon band, for annual rent, conform to an act of Coun-
cil of the date the 17th December 1639 ; which sum of 26,000 marks
was employed in the hands of the said Sir William Dick, and his
band thereof delivered to John Jossie, treasurer of the College, to be
used according to the said act ; and the said John Jossie charged
therewith, and the annual rent thereof in his accounts, conform to
an act of Council of the 1st of May 1640 ; of the which sum 20,000
marks afterwards came into the town's hands, partly by purchasing
of the King's Warke of Leith from the said Sir William, and
allowing 1600 marks thereof, in his own hand, and partly by paying
of John Marjoribank's debt, and assigning to him 4000 marks of the
said sum, and giving bands to the College in place thereof, conform
to the act of Council, of , : and 7th of January 1653.

" 29. Item, Received from Sir William Dick, 1000 pounds ster-
ling, due by him to Mr. Robert Johnstoun, Esquire, and left in
legacy by the defunct to the College of this burgh for entertaining
of eight poor scholars therein, upon the town's security of the pay-
ment of 1000 marks, by year, to the said College, to be upliftit
forth of the milns at Bonnington, conform to the acts of Council of
the 26th of February 1640, and 13th of October 1641.

" 30. Item, There is adebtit, awand by the good town to the said
College, the sum of 1200 marks, left in legacy by umquhile David
Mackall, for entertaining of two bursars at the said College, and pay-
able by the good town out of the first and readiest of the sums due
by the good town, to the said umquhile David, conform to the acts
of Council of the 18th December 1639, and 28th November 1640.

"31. Item, There is adebtit, awand by the good town to the said
College, by band, the sum of 5000 marks, of the equal half of
11,771 marks, assigned by umquhile Alexander Wright to the Col-
lege, conform to the acts of Council of the 1st of May 1640, and
8th December 1641.

"32. Item, There was left by umquhile James Dalgleish to the
good town, 7000 marks, by act of Council, 1st January 1640, re-
ceived the 25th December 1640 by the Town- Treasurer, and con-
verted to the use of the College ; for the which the good town are
debtors to the College, conform to an act of Council of the penult,
of December 1640.

"33. And sickly ke, there is mortified to the College by the said

1 Blank in the Records.

392 APPENDIX.

James Dalgleish, the sum of 4000 marks, to be employed
upon annual rent, for entertainment of three bursars of Divinity in
the said College ; of the which sum the town became debtors to the
College be band in 2640 marks, bearing annual rent and precept
of payment ; and John Jossie, treasurer of the College, received
the rest, conform to an act of Council of the 24th of May 1644.

" 34. Item, There was left to the College of this burgh, by um-
quhile Mr. William Struthers, one of the ministers thereof, the sum
of 3000 marks, conform to an act of Council, 3d January 1645 ;
which was received by Andrew Brysonne, treasurer, and the town's
security given for payment of the annual rent thereof to the College,
conform to the mortification and acts of Council, the 4th of January
and 8th of February 1654 : Which sum of 3000 marks being re-
ceived by the town- treasurers, with the bygone annual rents
thereof, at Martinmas last, extending to the sum of 2000 marks.
extends in the haill principal and animal rents to the sum of 5000
marks, whereof the good town are proper debtors to the College.

" 35. Item, Received by John Jossie, treasurer of this burgh,
from John Buchanan of that ilk, the sum of 9000 marks, to be
bestowed upon bursars, and the keepers of the libraries within the
College of Edinburgh, St. Andrews, Aberdeen, and Glasgow, con-
form to an act of Council, 24th July 1646 ; which sum of 9000
marks, and annual rents thereof to Lammas 1650, extending in haill
to 7560 lib., was afterward convented wholly to the use of the College
of this burgh, for training of able spirits, after the laureation, in the
studies of Divinity ; which act contains the sum of 3000 marks.
awand by Dame Marie Stewart, Countess of Marr, and other 3000
marks deponed in the hands of the ministers of Dumbarton, and
mcdlit with by the Provost, Bailies, and Council or Kirk-S<
thereof, with the benefit of patronage of the sums dotted to the Col-
lege of St. Andrews, conform to an act of Council of tin- ;">th of
November 1649, which was never received as yet by the Council
of Edinburgh.

" 36. Item, There was left in legacy to the said College, by um-
<|iihile Sir Thomas Hope of Craighall, the sum of 1000 pounds
Scots, the annual rent whereof, with the yearly tnaill of these t\v
halincrs he built there, was allotted for entertaining of two Inn
which thousand pound was discharged to Sir John Hope. in re>]Kcl
paid to the Council by Sir James Stewart and Hubert Luck-hart.
Ami the Council became debtors to the ( 1 oller<' of the sanir. r<>n
form to an art ot ('..iineil of the 7th of .Jamiai \ ir,.".:',.

APPENDIX. 393

"37. Item, There was assigned by umquhile Alexander Wright
to the Provost, Bailies, and Council, several sums of money, to the
uses contained in the assignation ; and in special, the sum of 3399
pounds, 19s. 4d. of principal, due by Mr. Gilbert Mowat, and his
cautioners, for the which there was new band given by the said Mr.
Gilbert, his son, and their cautioners, to the treasurers of the Kirk
and College, equally betwixt them, conform to an act of Council of
the 24th of August 1642. Likeas, the Council being adebtit to
Robert Murray certain sums of money, they assigned the haill sum
to the said Robert, in satisfaction of their debt to him pro tanto ;
whereof the College part, in principal and annual rent, extends to
2381 lib. ; and became debtors to the College for payment thereof,
conform to an act of Council of the 14th of March 1655.

"38. Item, There was left in legacy to the College of this burgh,
by Isobel Richiesone, relict of umquhile William Little, merchant,
the sum of 8000 pounds; and the Council being debtors to the said
Isobel in the sum of 1107 lib. 16s. 8d., the legacy was defalked of
the said sum, the superplus paid unto her executors ; and the Coun-
cil became debtors to the College for the legacy of 8000 lib., con-
form to an act of Council of the 14th of December 1655.

"39. Item, More received by the present treasurer of this burgh
from John Lawder, present treasurer of the College, the sum of
202 lib. 6s. 8d.

" All which sums of money, mortified to the College since the
very first foundation of the said College to this day, conform to the
several acts of Council above mentioned, do extend in the whole to
the sum of threescore eleven thousand pounds Scots money. 71 ooolib

" The Provost, Bailies, and Council, finding that the foresaid sum
is a very considerable part of the stock mortified to the College, as
said is, and that they are bound in duty and conscience to pay
annual rent for the same, for defraying of the burdens thereof:
Therefore, ordains the treasurers of this burgh, present and to
come, to pay to the treasurer of the College, and his successors in
his office, yearly, in all time coming, the ordinary annual rent of
the foresaid stock of 71,000 lib." 1

1 Town-Council Records, vol. xix. pp. 87-91.

394 APPENDIX.

V.

EXTRACTS FROM THE EDINBURGH TOWN- COUNCIL RECORDS
RELATING TO THE UNIVERSITY, FROM AUGUST 12, 17LM.
TO MAY 9, 1779. (Page 330.)

VOL. L

\'2th August 1724. The Council, considering that they are
vested with a power of instituting professions of all liberal arts and
sciences in their College ; and considering how much it would be
for the advantage of the city and kingdom, that all parts of im-di-
cine were taught here ; and considering that the Institutes and
Practice of Medicine have not been professed or taught as yet in
the College : Therefore they institute the foresaid profession, and
elect Dr. William Porterfield, Professor of the Institutes and Prac-
tice of Medicine in this College.

\\th November. A memorial given in to the Town-Council by
Messrs. Rutherford, St. Clair, Plurnmer, and Innes, showing, that
these gentlemen, having purchased a house for a chemical labora-
tory, adjoining to the College garden, formerly let to Mr. George
Preston, and finding that the garden, neglected by Mr. Preston,
had for some years lain in disorder, desired of the honour-
able the Town- Council, that they might be allowed the use of
that ground for the better carrying on their design of furnishing
the apothecary shops with chemical medicines, and instructing the
students of medicine in that part of the science. They hoped tin-
Council would the more readily comply with their request, in ivir.-inl
that the ground formerly allotted for the use of medicine would
still be employed in nursing and propagating such plants .is \\rrr
necessary for the improvement of chemistry in this place. Beg
to have it on the same terms Mr. Preston had it before ; or tin -y
were willing to be at the charge of dressing and keeping it, pro-
vided the Council allowed them to have a grant of the ground tor
ten years. Lease of the ground granted them as they petitioner 1.

1 s /// August 1725. Mr. Laurence Dundas t<> have tln>-<- muni*
which he at present possesses within the College for life, and to }<
Allowed the dignity of a Professor, even though he should demit.
and still a vote among the

APPENDIX. 395

St/i September. Bailie Alexander Simpson reported, that he had
intimated to Mr. Robert Henderson, Bibliothecar, to attend a com-
mittee appointed August 25th last ; but since that time, he has gone
to the country, and cannot be got. Bailie Simpson to write to him.
informing him, that if he do not attend the committee betwixt and
the next Council day, the Council will declare the office void, and
appoint another Library -Keeper.

VOL. LI.

20th October. Mr. Alexander Monro, Professor of Anatomy,
upon petition, obtains a theatre in the College for public dissections,
for teaching Anatomy.

3d November. On petition of Mr. James Gregory, Professor of
Mathematics, the Council agree to elect Mr. Colin M'Laurin, Pro-
fessor of Mathematics in Mariscliall College, Aberdeen, joint with
him. Great commendation of the profession of Mathematics in this
College ; of Mr. Gregory ; and Mr. M'Laurin, who was recommended
by very great men, and even by Sir Isaac Newton, who offered to
contribute '20 per annum to assist in providing for him a salary,
but the Council declined the generous offer. Mr. Gregory to enjoy
his salary of 83, 6s. 8d. sterling, to go to his children for seven
years from the date of Martinmas next, in case of his death. 50
sterling annually to Mr. M'Laurin, in addition to his students'
fees.

9th February 1726. Mr. Joseph Gibson, upon petition, appointed
City Professor of Midwifery, but without fee or salary.

Hth September. Mr. Charles Mackie, Professor of Universal
History, to have a chamber in the College free of rent.

15/A December. Provost Drummond, with the Council, a full
meeting, met in the College, with Mr. William Wishart, Principal;
Mr. William Hamilton, Professor of Divinity; Mr. Matthew Crawford,
Professor of Church History; Mr. William Law, Professor of Moral
Philosophy ; Mr. Laurence Dundas, Professor of Humanity ; Mr.
James Gregory, Professor of Mathematics; Mr. William Scott, Pro-
fessor of Greek; Mr. Charles Erskine, Professor of Law; Mr. Robert
Stewart, Professor of Philosophy ; Mr. Colin Drummond, Professor
of Philosophy ; Mr. James Crawford, Professor of Hebrew ; Mr.
James Craig, Mr. Charles Mackie, Mr. Alexander Bayne, Law
Professors ; Mr. Colin M'Laurin, Professor of Mathematics ; Mr.
Alexander Monro. Professor of Anatomy ; Mr. Andrew Sinclair,

396 APPENDIX.

Mr. Andrew Plumnier, Mr. John Innes, and Mr. John Rutherford,
Professors of Chemistry.

Which day the Council, considering that the by-laws, rules, and
regulations made about the administration and government of the
University, ought to be revised and examined : Likewise, that it
ought to be inquired into, how far such by-laws, rules, and regula-
tions have been complied with, and whether the same, or any part
thereof, ought to be continued or altered : As also, that the state of
the Library, and conduct of the keeper thereof, with respect to his
executing and discharging that office, ought to be inquired into :
RESOLVED, that a committee be appointed for that purpose, to meet
immediately, and to have power to adjourn, and to call for persons,
papers, and records, necessary to their performing the matters to
them committed, and to report, with an opinion : And, accordingly,
the Council appointed Bailie James Nimmo, John Ferguson, Patrick
Lindsay, Dean Guild, David Flint, old Treasurer, Allan Whiteford,
Merchant Councillor, John Lauder, Trades' Councillor, William
Cant, Convener, John Kirkwood, chirurgeon, and David Mitchell,
goldsmith, as a committee.

Same day, the Lord Provost adjourned the meeting till Tuesday
January 3 3 next, at two o'clock, and appointed the whole Coun-
cil, with the Masters and Professors, to attend that diet in this
place.

3d January 1727. In the College Bailie Nimmo reported from
the committee, anent the College affairs, that they had made some
progress in the affairs committed to them, and desired leave to sit
again. Which being considered by the Council, they appointed the
said committee to meet frequently, and to prepare a report, with
their opinion, against the 7th of February next. The committee
having desired that a deputation from the Professors and Masters
may be appointed, to confer with them touching the affairs t<> them
committed, the Reverend Principal reported, that they had named
Mr. Hamilton, Mr. Law, Mr. Scott, Mr. Stewart, Mr. Dnimm<m<l.
Mr. Mackie, Mr. Erskine, Mr. M'Laurin, Mr. Monro, Mr. Plunnner.
;ml Mr. Sinclair. Council adjourned to the 7th February.

IQth February. Council adjourned their meeting in the College
Hi Tue-.lay next, till the 2d Tuesday of March, and appointed tin-
Principal and Masters to be acquainted therewith.

2*lh July. On examining the College Treasurer's accounts
from .Martinmas 17lM to Whitsunday 17-<>. Tumid his receipt.-, in
eluding tnnT IttMMTS, rjuf>0. Merlin-: : his pa\nirnt>

APPENDIX. 397

2158, 7s. lOd. sterling, whereby it appears that his payments
exceed his receipts in 108, 2s. 8Jd. sterling.

23t? November. Delegates appointed to meet with delegates from
the College of Justice, to consider Mr. Laurence Dundas's proposal
to resign in favour of Adam Watt, second son of Adam Watt, town-
clerk of this city. The town delegates authorized to give their voice
in favour of Mr. Watt, provided he be found qualified.

5th January 1728. Patrick Lindsay, Dean of Guild, reports
that Mr. Adam Watt was, by the delegates from the Lords of Session,
the Advocates, the Writers to the Signet, and the Town- Council,
unanimously elected Professor of Humanity.

3c? April. Two Polish students, Valdislaus Boweits and Gabriel
Brenia Sheroski, appointed to receive 10 sterling out of the inter-
est of the mortification of Robert Brown, merchant in Zamose in
Poland.

14^ May Bailie Thomas Fenton reported, that he was informed
that the Masters and Professors of the College had presumed to
meet as a Faculty, and to do certain deeds, particularly to draw up
and sign a protest to be given in to the Assembly, in the cause of
Mr. John Simson, Professor of Divinity in the College of Glasgow.
The Council find, that if this was the case, it was unwarrantable
and illegal ; and if the foresaid protest be presented to the Assembly,
the Council authorize and appoint Bailie Fenton to give in to the
Assembly a protest against such a proceeding as illegal without
the Council's sanction.

VOL. LIT.

28th August. Mr Adam Watt, Professor of Humanity, to pos-
sess Mr. Dundas's chambers when the latter has no more use for
them.

12th February 1729. Council appoint the College Treasurer to
pay to Valdislaus Boweits, a Polish student of divinity, 15
sterling out of the bygone annual rents due on mortification
of the late Robert Brown, merchant in Zamose, in Poland. James
Ninimo, Dean of Guild, to write a letter to the consistory of Zamose
auent bygone annual rents, and to report.

Council appoint Mr. William Hamilton, Professor of Divinity,
Mr. Charles Erskine, Advocate, his Majesty's Solicitor, and Mr.
Colin Drurnmond, Professor of Philosophy, to meet on Monday next,
at two o'clock afternoon, in the common hall of the College, in

398 APPENDIX.

presence of the ministers of the city, to take trial of the qualifica-
tions of Mr. William Scott, junior, for teaching of Greek : Against
which Bailie Thomas Fenton, old Provost, protested, and gave in
protest in writing, bearing, that it is irregular and precipitant to
appoint examinators for a Professor of Greek in the College of
Edinburgh when there is no vacancy ; and, also, that to proceed to
the trial of a Professor of Ethics in the said College in a private
way, is contrary to a standing law and act of Council, August 9,
1694, and that before any visitation of the College be made by the
Council, as patrons ; with a resolution to amend errors and irregu-
larities that have of late crept in amongst the Professors.

Therefore, and for several other weighty reasons, too notour to
the Council, and all the inhabitants of this city, he protests 1.
Against the Council's proceeding to appoint examinators for the
trial of a Professor of Greek in the College of Edinburgh, there
being no vacancy ; and as this procedure is inconsistent. 2. Against
appointing any private examination of a Professor as contrary to
the above act, August 9, 1694, which appoints the publicly affix-
ing of programs upon all the College gates of Scotland, that men of
learning may appear, and gain the office by merit ; and as public
learning hath already suffered by certain persons being admitted to
be Masters of the College in a clandestine way, and contrary to the
said act, wisely made. 3. Against any Professor of Ethics being
appointed, till after a visitation for reformation of abuses there prac-
tised, to the dishonour of the Council and discouragement of learn-
ing. 4. Against giving any greater salary to the Professor of
Ethics than to the other Regents of Philosophy, considering the low
state of the public funds of the city.

To this Bailies James Flint, Archibald M'Coull, and Mr. James
Davidson, City Treasurer, gave answers as follows in behalf of the
Council :

That Mr. William Scott was by a former act already preferred
to the profession of Ethics, if he should choose, on Mr. Law's death.
which has intervened, and he has already given proof of his quali-
fications.

The act of Council, August 9, 1694, has gone into disuse ; and
indeed public trials, from experience, have been found not to
answer on the contrary, to have been attended with bad effects,
which is so obvious to all, that it is unnecessary to mention in-
stances; and the Council, no doubt, have power to rescind that
regulation <>f nnim

APPENDIX. 399

There is no good reason why the town should delay the supplying
these offices till after a visitation, with which it has no connexion.
The Council may visit the College when they please. There is a
salary annexed to the Professorship of Ethics, which ought neither
to be diminished nor augmented but on good grounds; and no
reason appears for diminishing it.

26$ February. The Provost reports that the examinators had
found Mr. William Scott, junior, son of Mr. William Scott, Pro-
fessor of Greek, qualified. Mr. William Scott, senior, Professor of
Greek, represents, that as he had right to be Professor of Ethics, if
he chose, on Mr. Law's death, by virtue of an act of the Town-
Council (see below under January 30, 1730), he accordingly chose
to be so.

Thomas Fenton, old Provost, upon this, gives in a draft of an
act to the Council, in which he proposes that Professors, in all time
coming, should be fixed and settled during the Council's pleasure
only ; which is put to the vote, and rejected by the Council, who
proceed to confirm Mr. Scott senior's election as Professor of Ethics,
and elect Mr. Scott, junior, Professor of Greek, both ad vitam aut
culpam.

Same day. Dr. John Rutherford, Andrew St. Clair, Andrew
Plummer, and John Innes, who were formerly restricted, so that
only two of them could vote in the Senatus Academicus, allowed
all to vote. This in answer to their humble petition.

9$ July. College Treasurer to pay to the heirs of Principal
Wishart 10 sterling in full payment of all repairs done by him to
his lodging.

19$ November. Lists of bursars in the town's gift to be given
in to the Lord Provost.

College Treasurer not to undertake any work without an order
of Council.

30$ January 1730. Upon the representation of Mr. Colin
Drummond, Professor of Philosophy, he is chosen Professor of
Greek, in place of Mr. William Scott, junior, deceased, in virtue of
the act of Council, June 16, 1708 ; which was to the effect, that
when any vacancy should happen, the remaining Professors, or those
then in places, should have the offer of the vacancy, according to
their standing. Mr. Robert Stewart declining to accept of this
vacancy, Mr. Drummond humbly represented to the honourable
Council that, as he had by the above act the liberty to choose the
said office, he made choice of it. The Council agree that the office

400 APPENDIX.

of Professor of Logic and Metaphysics should be declared vacant ;
but that, as the said Mr. Colin Drummond has so far advanced in
teaching that class for this season, he should continue therein until
the next session ; and that the person to be elected Professor of
Logic and Metaphysics should carry on the teaching of the Greek
class till that period, at which time the several Professors are to
begin and open their several professions.

At the same time, it is declared that it shall be lawful for any
student to enter to the Semi class, or any superior class, although
he was not a Bejan, or taught Greek by Mr. Colin Drummond.
Mr. Drummond's acceptance of the Professorship of Greek not to
impair his position, by degree of seniority or otherwise, among the
Professors of Philosophy, but he and his successors in office and
profession to be numbered and placed amongst the Professors of
Philosophy according to their admission.

6th February. At a meeting of the Town-Council with the Pro-
fessors, to deliberate about a Professor of Logic and Metaphysics,
they agree upon a comparative trial. A Latin discourse, prescribed
to the candidates, on " The Origin, Cause, and Remedy of Error ; "
and the candidates, after their discourses are over, to be at liberty
to make reflections on one another's discourses, which the authors
may defend viva voce. Each of the candidates also to be tried on
Greek ; and the Faculty shall appoint any one of their number to
take this trial. No one discourse to exceed three-quarters of an
hour. The trial to be taken on Monday, the 23d instant, and to
begin at nine o'clock forenoon in the common hall. This to be
intimated to Mr. Robert Hamilton, Mr. James Balfour, Mr. John
Stevenson, Mr. Thomas Johnston, and Mr. John Lees. That the
meeting shall be opened and constituted by prayer, in Latin, by the
Professor of Divinity.

25*A February. The Council, taking into consideration tin*
opinion of the Professors of the College upon the late comparative
trial, taken by appointment of the Council, and in presence of the
members and ministers of Edinburgh, unanimously elected Mr. John
Stevenson, 1 governor to Lord Bargenie, to be Professor of Logic

[Stevenson's appointment to this reading them with his students, for he
chair gave a powerful impulse to the did not deliver formal lectures. II:-;
cause of literature in Scotland. His illustrations he drew not only from the
course of rhetoric ,-onsiMed simply in rhetorical and critical works of Cicero,
the oliM-i vat ions which hi- made on Quintilian. and Horace, lnit from nio-
nd Longinus's dern .mi 1 and p-.eti.-al. iu-
on the Sul. lime, in the course of eluding French, quoting, however, most

APPENDIX. 401

and Metaphysics, with all fees, profits, emoluments, and privileges ;
and the said Mr. John, by his acceptation hereof, promises to ob-
serve the laws and constitutions of the College, and to submit him-
self to the Magistrates and Council, conform to the foundation of
said College in their favours.

VOL. LIII.

Qth January 1731. A room in the College granted to the academy
for drawing.

24:th February. A warrant for College Treasurer to sell two
lodgings in Niddry's Wynd, belonging to the College.

9^ June. College Treasurer to make out a list of bursars, and
to inform the Council two months before any vacancy happen.

3^ November. John Drysdale, lawful son of the deceased John
Drysdale, minister of Kirkaldy, a bursar on Dalgleish's mortifica-
tion, in the gift of the town.

VOL. LIV.

th February 1732. College Treasurer prohibited from under-
taking any work in the College above 20 pounds Scots, without
laying the same before the Council.

16th February. Mr. William Hamilton, Professor of Divinity,
elected Principal, in place of the deceased Mr. William Wishart. 1

largely from the English classics. In united to Borrowstounness), in Linlith-

the more proper business of his class, gowshire, was first minister of South

while giving a general history of schol- Leith, from which he was translated to

astic logic, which he taught was no fit the Tron Church, Edinburgh. He was

instrument for the discovery of truth, the author of Theologia, or Discourses

he delivered lectures on Locke's Essay of God, in 2 vols. Edinburgh, 1716.

on the Human Understanding, using Writing of Wishart's successor in

as his text-book Bishop Wynne's abridg- May 1730, nine months before the elec-

ment of that work. Speculations, such tion, Wodrow says, "Dr. Hamilton

as those contained in that essay, were has taught Divinity now twenty or

then almost wholly unknown in our twenty-one years, and is weary of the

Scottish Universities, and were little toil ; and the Principal's post is an easy

appreciated even in England. Bower's post for him, now that he is aged, and

Hist, of the Univ. of Edinburgh, vol. turned sixty." (Analecta, vol. iv. p.

ii. pp. 269-281.] 138.) From several passages in the

Analecta, it appears that Hamilton's

1 [Principal William Wishart. whose orthodoxy was suspected. He enjoyed

father Avas minister of Kinneil (UOAV his new dignity only one year.]

-2 C

402 APPENDIX.

And Mr. James Smith, minister of Edinburgh, 1 elected Professor of
Divinity, but must resign his charge as minister.

15/A March. Appoint Robert Manderston, present College
Treasurer, to receive by inventory from Mr. William Hog, late
College Treasurer, all the writs in his custody belonging to the
College.

19th April. Patrick Crokat elected Janitor, in place of James
Seton deceased, burdened with five pounds sterling per annum, to
Anna Campbell, relict of Alexander Somerville, writer, burgess.

26th July. Mr. William Dawson, minister at Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, chosen Professor of Hebrew and Oriental Languages, in place
of Dr. James Crawford, 8 deceased, with 600 pounds Scots of yearly
salary. N.B. About this time a great many repairs were made in
the College.

30th August. Mr. William Hog, late College Treasurer, his ac-
counts audited and appro ven, from Martinmas 1729 to Candlemas
1732. Receipts, 3135, 18s. 5|d. sterling; payments, 3128,
3s. 2f d. sterling ; balance due by him, 7, 15s. 3d. sterling.

~L5th November. Mr. George Sinclair and Mr. Charles Anstru-
ther, Advocates, from the Faculty of Advocates, delivered to the
Magistrates and Council a leet of two, one of whom to be chosen
Professor of Civil Law in the College by the Council, in terms of
Act of Parliament, 9 George i., viz. : Mr. Thomas Dundas, who
had 119 votes of the Faculty, and Mr. John Erskine, who had 82.
The Council chose Mr. Thomas Dundas, 8 in place of Mr. James
Craig, deceased ; and he appeared in Council, and qualified himself
by swearing the oath de fideli adrwwstratione, and the oath of
allegiance, and signing the same with the assurance to King
George n., and subscribed the oath in the Council's Act, 10th Sep-
tember 1718.

14th February 1733. William Dawson, Professor of Hebrew,
allowed the possession of that house in the College presently pos-
sessed by Margaret Piggot, relict of Mr. John Goodall.

ISth July. Mr. James Smith, Professor of Divinity, 4 elected
Principal, in place of Mr. William Hamilton, deceased; and .Mr.

i [Mr. Smith had been recently trans- man died in the end of February, or

lated from Cramond to Edinburgh.] the beginning of this month." Wod-

row's Analocta, vol. iv. p. 212.]

* [" March 1731. Dr. James Craw- 8 [Dundas was ftrrwards Slu-riff-

fnnl, Professor of the Hebrew tongue depute of Kirkcudbright.]

at Kdinburgh -a man of piety, of ex- * [Smith held the office only three

-I lent Holid sense, but a recluse, modest years.]

APPENDIX. 403

John Gowdie, one of the ministers of Edinburgh, elected Professor
of Divinity. 1

19th December. Report of all the chambers in the College.
The rental of those that pay amounts to about 30 sterling.
N.B. This shows the state of the College apartments at that time.

VOL. LV.

9th January 1734. Mr. William Scott, Professor of Ethics,
gives in a letter, bearing that he is so indisposed by a bad state of
health as to be unfit for his office, and requesting that John Pringle,
junior. Professor of Medicine, may be joined with him as a col-
league. The Council resolve to take the opinion of the other Pro-
fessors respecting Dr. Pringle's fitness.

Wednesday, 13th February. Dr. Pringle to deliver a discourse,
in the common hall on Tuesday next, upon Ethics and Moral Philo-
sophy, and the ministers to be called to give their avisamentum,
Tuesday next, afternoon.

Wednesday, 20th February. The Provost reports that Dr.
Pringle's discourse had been highly approved by all the learned
audience, and that the ministers thought him most fit. Dr.
Pringle 2 therefore unanimously chosen Professor of Ethics, jointly
with Mr. "William Scott, the full salary to be enjoyed by Mr. Scott
during all the days of his life ; and Dr. Pringle to have the said
salary in case he survive Mr. Scott, only from and after the time of
Mr. Scott's decease.

27th February. Dr. Pringle accepts the office, and takes the
oaths, etc.

22d May. The roof of the Library to be repaired.

19th June. Commissioners appointed to meet with delegates
from the College of Justice, to choose a Professor of Humanity, in
place of Adam Watt, deceased.

24th July. John Drysdale, son to the deceased Mr. John Drys-
dale, minister of the gospel at Kirkaldy, received Divinity bursar
on Eamsay's Mortification.

1 [Gowdie or Goldie had been recently the General Assembly, vol. i. pp. 319,

translated from Earlston to Edinburgh. 320.]

In the Theological Chair he used as 2 [Dr., afterwards Sir John Pringle,

his text-book Benedict* Picteti Theo- Bart., had taken his degree of M.D. at

logia Christiana. He died on the 19th Leyden, on the 20th of July 1730 ; and

of February 1762, in the eightieth year returning to Scotland, he practised as

of his age. See Morren's Annals of a physician in Edinburgh.]

404 APPENDIX.

1 Ith September. A petition of Colin Drummond about the teach-
ing of Greek (N.B. This in the College Records) ; and act there-
am nt. This act superseded, January 15, 1735.

( 2d October. Mr. John Ker, Professor of Greek, Aberdeen,
chosen Professor of Humanity by the delegates.

16M October. Weneslaus Radose, a Polish bursar, in the Col-
lege, to receive a quarter's payment on Robert Brown's Mortifica-
tion.

11/7* November. "A petition from Mr. Colin Drummond, Pro-
fessor of Greek in the College, having been read and remitted to a
proper committee, the committee this day reported, that they having
duly considered the said petition, with the extract of the Act of Par-
liamentary visitation therein referred to, dated the 16th of August
1700, were of opinion that it might contribute much to the advance-
ment of learning, and to the encouragement of this University, that
said act of visitation were duly observed, and particularly that part
of it for the encouragement of public Universities, by a due dis-
couragement of private and clandestine teaching, whereby it is
enacted, that no scholar bred at the schools in Scotland, and not
foreign bred, should be admitted to learn philosophy, or any part of
the course thereof, in any of the Colleges of Scotland, unless he had
learned the Greek, at least for the ordinary year, under the fixed
Greek Master. The committee were of opinion that the foresaid act
should be duly observed in all time coming ; but, being informed
that the foresaid act of visitation had not hitherto been observed
in the University of Glasgow, that it may be prejudicial to this
rniversity to put the said act in full execution, unless the same
were duly observed in Glasgow ; and that therefore this act should
not take plaee until the University of Glasgow bound themseh
the punctual observation of the same. The Council approved of the
said report, and enacted that the said Parliamentary visitation shall
be put to due execution in the I'nivcrsity of this city so soon as the
Band is done in the I* niversity of Glasgow ; and till sueh time as tin-
said act shall take place in both the said Universities, appointed all
student- eiitei-in_r to the Semi class to undergo an examination upon
the (in-ek in presence of the (Ireek Professor: Al.-o appointed, that
holar from any private school within this city or its liberty shall
be allowed to enter to the Philosophy classes, unless he ha> 1-rcn a
year under a fixed Profr-or of (ireek. and this to take place at the
sitting down of the sessions in October first: And statute and
ordain, that none shall have a title to the degree of Master of Art-.

APPENDIX. 405

except such as, after their first year's reading of Greek, either under
any teacher not within the liberties of this city (until the Parlia-
mentary act of visitation take place), or under our, or any other
fixed Professor of Greek, shall attend our Professor of Greek his
private lectures, for their further improvement in that language, for
at least another year, so long as he continues to give the same five
days in the week ; and he is hereby obliged not to take an honorary
from any scholar above twice, which shall entitle all to attend such
private lectures as many sessions as they please : And further
ordain, that none be enrolled students of Divinity but such as have
got the degree of Master of Arts, and report a certificate thereof to
the Professor of Divinity."

\5th January 1735. " Having considered a representation of
the Principal and Professors of the College, with answers thereto
made by Mr. Drummond, Professor of Greek, and having heard the
opinion of a Committee, to whom the same was referred, the Coun-
cil resolved that the matters mentioned in the said representation
and answers, be taken into consideration, at the visitation which is
appointed to be held in the College upon the 27th instant ; mean-
time did supersede the effect and execution of the act of Council
therein specified, in favours of Mr. Drummond, dated the llth of
September last."

15th January 1735. Mr. John Ker, Professor of Humanity, to
have possession of the two rooms in the College that were lately in
the possession of the deceased Mr. Laurence Dundas, and that
during the Council's pleasure.

VOL. LVI.

15th August. Keport of committee about teaching Greek. See
September 10, infra.

29th August. Mr. Eobert Henderson, Library-keeper, to give
in an account of the present state of the Library, and of what cata-
logues of the books he has made out.

10th September. The above order renewed, and that Mr. Hen-
derson give strict attendance in the Library, and admit Mr. William
Lauder to inspect the presses and shelves.

Upon the report of committee about teaching Greek, the Council
agreed to put the Professorship of Greek on the same footing with the
Professors of Greek in other Colleges in Scotland ; and that the Pro-
fessors of Greek and Philosophy begin the business of their respective

406 APPENDIX.

professions on the 20th of November yearly, and ; after that date, to
interfere no more in teaching the business of the other Professors.

15/A October. Intimation of this act to be made to the Principal
and Professors.

'3d December. Professor Bayne to have a chamber in the College.

llth December. Mr. George Abercrombie, Advocate, on the
King's presentation, to be admitted Professor of Public Law and
Law of Nature and Nations in place of Mr. William Kirkpatrick,
Advocate, bearing date September 5, last. The Magistrates agree
to the admission, but protest against its prejudging their right as
patrons.

26M December. Alexander Carlyle, 1 son to Mr. William Carlyle,
minister at Prestonpans, preferred to a Bursary of Philosophy on
Hector Ford of Branxton's Mortification. The same rescinded
February 18, 1736, as the holder was not qualified according to the
Mortification, and a Bursary of Philosophy granted him on Dr.
Robert Johnston's Mortification.

21st January 1736. Mr. Monro, Professor of Anatomy, upon
a petition from him, allowed a room in the College, during the
Council's pleasure, and that for teaching his private sessions only.

VOL. LVH.

28M July. Dr. Pringle's rooms in the College to be repaired.

10th November. Dr. William Wishart, minister of a dissenting
congregation in London, elected Principal 8 in place of Mr. James
Smith, deceased.

11th November. College committee to order Mr. Robert Hen-
derson to deliver in a catalogue of the books and other things under
his care.

8th December. Bursars to extract their acts ; and all grants of
bursaries which shall hereafter be made and granted, and shall not
be extracted and duly intimated to the College Treasurer, or his
successors, within the space of thirty-one days next after the sum-
shall be given, shall be void.

' [Dr. Alexander Carlyle, afterwards name. For some reason not explained,

Inveresk, and whose re- he was not installed until the IMh <>f

published Autobiography has November the year following. Ah.uit

excited so much attention.] fifteen or sixteen months aft. i hi- in-
stallation, he lirrami- minister of New

[Dr. William Wiahart was the son Greyfriars' Church. See Morren's

of the former I'rin. ij..i! of tin- same Annals, vol. i. pp. 309-315.]

APPENDIX. 407

VOL. LVIII.

July 1737. Upon a leet of two from the Advocates, viz.,
Mr. John Erskine, senior, and Mr. James Balfour, the Magistrates
and Council elect the said John Erskine 1 Professor of Scots Law,
in place of Mr. Andrew Bayiie, deceased. Salary 100 sterling.
Erskine compeared, and qualified himself by swearing and signing
the oath defideli administratione the oath appointed to be taken
by every person who obtained any lucrative office of this city by the
Council's act, dated September 10, 1718, the oaths of allegiance
and abjuration, and by signing the assurance to his Majesty, King
George the Second.

$th November. Dr % William Wishart appeared in Council, and
took the usual oaths. Installed this day, and a copy of the regula-
tions and instructions, usually given to his predecessors, to be
delivered to him.

1th December. A Commission from the King to Mr. Patrick
Cumining, one of the ministers of the city, 2 to be Professor of
Ecclesiastical History in place of Mr. Matthew Crawford, was read.
Resolved that he be admitted, under the protest, that his admission
should not prejudge the Council's right to the patronage of the
College.

VOL. LIX.

31s* March 1738. Dr. Charles Alston 3 elected Professor of
Medicine and Botany.

Wth May. Tack of the Physic garden in the College, granted
rent free for twelve years from Martinmas 1738, to Drs. Kuther-
ford, Sinclair, and Plummer, Professors of Medicine.

1 [From Erskine's high reputation, the He gave lectures upon Jo. Alphonsi

class of Scots Law was now attended Turretini Compendium Historic Eccle-

by a greater number of students than siasticae. He died on the 1st of April

formerly. His text-book for several 1776, in the eighty-first year of his age.

years was Mackenzie's Institutions ; but See Morren's Annals, vol. i. pp. 319-

about the year 1752 he published a 324, and vol. ii. p. 391.]

text-book of his own. He taught Scots 3 [Alston, who was King's Botanist

Law in the University twenty-eight for Scotland, was elected in the room

years. His Institute of the Law of of Mr. George Preston, who had been

Scotland, which is still considered a long superannuated. He was Professor

standard book on the subject, was not twenty-two years ; and during that

published till after his death in 1773. period he regularly delivered two courses

He was the father of the celebrated Dr. of lectures every year, one on Botany

John Erskine, one of the ministers of in summer, and the other on Materia

the Greyfriars' Church, Edinburgh.] ^fedica in winter. He died on the 22d

2 [Cumming had recently been trans- of November 1760, in the seventy-

lated from Lochmaben to Edinburgh. seventh year of his age.]

408 APPENDIX.

26/7* July. Colin Drummoud resigns his Professorship of Greek
to be joined with Mr. Robert Law, son to the deceased Mr. William
Law of Elvingston, late Professor of Moral Philosophy, on condi-
tion that he enjoy his salary during his life, and be allowed to teach
students of Chirurgery, Anatomy, or Medicine such Greek books
as relate to their business only.

Previous notice had been given, namely, by an act of Council,
July 19, to the Principal and Professors and Ministers to attend
in the Burgh room, on Tuesday following, at three o'clock after-
noon, the trial of Mr. Robert Law's qualifications for teaching
Greek. The examinators declared themselves satisfied with Mr.
Robert Law's qualifications. Mr. Drummond and he are therefore
elected conjunct Professors of Greek.

VOL. LX.

14M December 1739. Mr. Robert Smith, surgeon, elected Pro-
fessor of Midwifery in the College, on the death of Joseph Gibson,
Professor thereof in the city, but without a salary. 1

VOL. LXI.

18M March 1741. A bond by the city to Patrick Manderston,
College Treasurer, and his successors in office, to and for the use
of the said College, pursuant to the Council's act, February llth
last, containing the accumulated sum of 11,451, 12s. 2d. sterling,
bearing annual rent, from and after Candlemas last, with 2000
sterling of liquidate penalty, was brought in, and read, and signed,
and ordered to be registered in the Burgh Court Books.

VOL. LXII.

llth November. College Treasurer's account from Lammas 1739

to Lammas last 1741, with the account of mortcloth dues. His

charge, inclusive of 23, 2s. 4d. sterling, of former arrears, amounts

J192, 11s. 5d. ; and his discharge extends to 1853, Os. 8] J.I. :

balance due by him, 339, 10s. 8^d.

( Jlh December. On the death of Mr. Robert Law, 1 joint Professor

1 [Smith's coiiiiuimion was ampler 2 [Law taught only thm- sr-
than that >f hi* pmlecettaor ; it n-n- \vln-n In- was ].mnat un-ly mt "M ''>
-tilutfl him a tn.-ml.cr of the Senate. nsiiiniitioii.]

ii. !,.:.! tin,

APPENDIX. 409

of Greek, Mr. Colin Drunimond resigns, on condition he may retain
the salary upon a new election, and be on the same footing he was
with Mr. Law.

Mr. Eobert Hunter elected, as he had given sufficient proof of
his qualifications by teaching Greek privately within this city, for
several years, with great success and applause. He qualifies. Only
the fees granted to Mr. Hunter ; the salary annexed to the office
being reserved for Mr. Drunimond.

The Humanity class being vacant by the death of Mr. John Ker,
two candidates having appeared, Mr. Foulis and Mr. George Stewart,
the Council agree, previous to the choice of their delegates, that the
Principal and Professors take trial of the knowledge of these two
candidates in the Greek and Latin languages, and report.

llth December. The trial not yet being taken, a majority of the
Council agree now to choose their delegates, viz., Bailie Mark
Sandilands, and Walter Boswell, Deacon of the Hammermen. The
delegates instructed to insist on a trial of the candidates, before all
the delegates, and ordered to give their votes for the best qualified,
according to the signed report of the examinators.

16^ December. An extract of the election of Mr. George
Stewart to be Professor of Humanity produced, bearing that the
delegates had met in the Advocates' Library, December 11, 1741,
viz., Lord Justice- Clerk; Lord Minto; Mr. James Graham of Airth,
Dean of Faculty ; Mr. Alexander M'Millan, Deputy-Keeper of the
Signet; and the two from the Town-Council as above. The Town-
Council delegates insisted on a trial ; and the two candidates attend-
ing informed them that each believed the other sufficiently qualified,
and therefore insisted not on a trial, but submitted themselves to the
delegates ; who accordingly proceeded to the election. The two
Lords of Session, and two delegates for the Council, voted for Mr.
Stewart, and the rest for Mr. Foulis. Whereupon all the delegates
declared that Mr. Stewart was duly elected, and appointed Mr.
Ruddiinan, their clerk, to give out extracts to all having interest.
The Council appoint Mr. Stewart to be admitted.

%d February 1742. Reported by Bailie Mark Sandilands and
his committee, that they were of opinion that the proper place for
building the observatory in the College is at the back of the house
formerly possessed by Mr. John Ker ; that therefore Mr. M'Laurin
should have possession of the said house, and what more of the ad-
jacent rooms he may have occasion for, he paying the ordinary rent
for the said rooms.

410 APPENDIX.

IQth February. Mr. Robert Hunter allowed to possess seven
rooms in the College rent free, upon condition of his laying out 50
sterling of his own money in repairing the said rooms ; and if he die
before five years, that then 10 sterling yearly shall be paid to his
heirs, for the remainder of that time.

VOL. LXIII.

17/A March. Room in the College possessed by Mr. John Mur-
doch, French teacher, to be given to Mr. George Stewart, during
the pleasure of the Council.

25M August. Memorial from Mr. Robert Stewart, 1 Professor of
Natural Philosophy, read in Council, setting forth, that he had been
above thirty-eight years a member of the University, and was now
old, and requesting that his son, Dr. John Stewart, might be con-
junct Professor with him ; and stating that Dr. Stewart had given
proof of his abilities, by teaching a good part of the last session, to
the general satisfaction of all the students, and was amply recom-
mended by those Professors of the College whose subjects were
most nearly connected with that of Natural Philosophy. These re-
commendations read. Signed, Colin Drummond, Gr. L. et Phil.
P. ; Charles Alston, M. et Bot. P. ; Colin M'Laurin, Math. P. ;
Alexander Monro, Anat. P. ; Andrew Plummer, Med. P. ; Jo.
Rutherford, Med. P. Professors and ministers to take trial of him
in the lower Council house on Tuesday first.

ls September. Report of the Examinators, who were the Prin-
cipal and Professors of the College, in presence of some of the
Town-Council and some of the ministers of the city. The exami-
nation took place, August 31. Report favourable to Dr. John
Stewart. Also produced the avisamentum of the ministers who
attended the examination, in favour of the^said Dr. John Stewart.
Wherefore he and his father, Mr. Robert, ar*e chosen joint Professors
of Natural Philosophy, th<- -alary being reserved to Mr. Robert, and
the other emoluments to Dr. John, during their joint lives, and it

1 (Professor Robert Stewart was the class. But for a considerable nuiiiht-r

youngest son of Sir Thomas Stewart of years, during the latter period of

of Coltness, Bart. He appears at first his Professorship, having renounced,

to have taught the Cartesian philoso- as untenable, the Cartesian theories,

piiy, in whi-h he had been educated; he taught the Newtonian system. Ho

a system of philosophy v.-ry different followrd K. -ill's Introduction, H\dro-

from that into which Mr. <'<>lin M'Lau- statir>;ml PmMimat ir-. :m<l adopted as

rin, who contemporaneously ,< -upi-d his text-book, Gregory's Optics, As-

the Mathematical Chair, initiated his tronomy, etc.]

APPENDIX. 411

being declared that they are to have but one voice hi the Faculty
of Professors, and that per vices. They qualify.

24M November, College treasurer's accounts from Lammas 1741
to Michaelmas 1742. His charge, including 81, 7s. Of d. of former
arrears, and 339, 10s. 8d., the balance due by Patrick Manderston,
last College treasurer, amounts to 1335, 15s. 7^d. sterling ; and
his discharge, inclusive of 542, 9s. 8d. of arrears, amounts to
1518, 2s. Of d. ; balance due to him, 182, 6s. 6d.

1st December 1742. " Upon a representation from the Principal
and Professors of this city's University, setting forth that they were
informed an attempt was made to set up a stage in this place with-
out warrant of law : That they could not but be apprehensive that
idleness and corruption of manners among the youth was likely
to flow from a licentious acting of stage plays, while there
were so many dissolute pieces of that sort in the English language,
and the choice left to such as either from their own taste, or in
compliance with the vicious relish of the multitude, were likely to
choose such performances as had the most direct tendency to cor-
rupt the morals of the audience, especially those of the younger
sort : That their former observations had greatly confirmed them in
this apprehension, where the performances had been frequent and
the access easy : That the unhappy influence of playhouses, where
there are Universities, had been apparent to the Legislature, for
which reason all such in or near Oxford or Cambridge are by Act
of Parliament lately discharged : Praying, therefore, the honour-
able Council on these accounts to take proper measures for sup-
pressing the same : Which having been considered by the Magistrates
and Council, they authorized the Magistrates to cause prosecute the
stage players before the Court of Session, who either have or shall
attempt to act plays and interludes within this city or liberties
thereof, contrary to Act of Parliament, and to the prejudice of the
youth of this city, and do recommend to the Magistrates to cause
carry on said prosecution with the utmost frugality, and to report
from time to time the success therein."

VOL. LXIV.

lth December 1743. Catalogue of the College Library,
borrowed by the deceased Bailie Blackwood from the Keeper
of the Library on receipt, presented in Council with the said
receipt.

412 APPENDIX.

July 1744. Letter from Dr. John Pringle, Professor of
Moral Philosophy, 1 to the Lord Provost, dated Brussels, June 20th,
N 8., 1744, intimating that he cannot easily return to resume his
office. At the time he wrote last to his Lordship, there were some
hopes of an accommodation between the warring powers ; " but
now," says he, "since the open rupture with France, as the dura-
tion of the war is very uncertain, I can with no assurance ask any
further indulgence from your Lordship and the rest of my hoiipur-
able patrons." As the town had already granted him leave of
absence, he could not well expect farther indulgence. He leaves
the matter in the hands of the Town- Council. The Provost autho-
rized to prepared an answer.

20th July. The Provost's answer, expressing great respect for
Dr. Pringle, but hopes he will send a letter of resignation : still
they are willing to indulge him another year, if he could assure
them that he would then return to his duty in the College as
formerly. The patrons had now indulged his residence abroad for
two years.

\bth August. Report from committee on the College affairs,
that Mr. Robert Hunter, Professor of Greek, had, in consequence
of an act of Council, February 10, 1742, expended upwards of 50
sterling in repairing the house he possesses in the College.

llth August. An answer from Dr. Pringle, dated Brussels,
Auirust 15, N.S., 1744, accepting indulgence, but unwilling to pro-
mise the conditions.

The Provost to write a reply, that the Council, since they can-
not have a security for his returning to the exercise of his profes-
sion in tin 1 "nivi Tsity, desire that he would be pleased to send his
resignation.

VOL. LXV.

llth March 174"). Dr. Pringle sends a letter of resignation.
lati-d London, March 111. 17l">. The Council accept it, and re-
commend to Mr. William Clcghorn, Master of Arts, and son of

1 [Dr. I'lin-U-'li'l nt tench the Moral March 1711 In- was m.-nle I'hysician-

I'hili.Miphy class many years. HefiiM Ceiieral t<> his Majesty's Fon-rs in the

1 from the Karl >| Stair an ap- Low Countries ami part iM-ymid seas,

pmiitinent t" IT physician to lii> Lnl- as \\ell us physician t.> tin

ship, UH ('ommainlrr of tin- British pituls in the sai ..... -<mntries. 1

Anny. 1'pi.n tin- 'Jlth f August 171-, situations he \\as unwilling to i.

he wa constituted ph\-i.i.u, t.. tin- for the Mke of retaining his Profi

military h< >-|>it.iU m FlanlT> ; ami in ship.]

APPENDIX. 413

the deceased Hugh Cleghorn, merchant burgess of Edinburgh, who
has had the charge of Dr. Pringle's class during his absence, to
continue his course of lectures during the rest of the session.

Wednesday, 22d May. Resolved that on Tuesday next, at three
o'clock afternoon, the Council meet in the laigh Council- house,
and that the ministers of the city be then desired to attend to give
their avisamentum anent the choice of a Professor of Moral Philo-
sophy, for supplying the vacancy in this class by the demission of
Dr. Pringle, and Mr. Hutcheson's declining to accept. 1

5th June. Mr. William Cleghorn chosen Professor of Pneu-
matics and Moral Philosophy, ad vitam aut culpam.

M June. Recommended to the College committee to inquire
and consider how far the several Professors observe the directions
and instructions laid down to them by the several acts of Council
heretofore made, .and what farther directions may be necessary to
be given to the Professors in time coming, and to consider this
matter with all convenient speed, and report.

\th June. Mr. William Cleghorn appears in Council and quali-
fies. Bailie John Yetts authorized to repair to the College and
install him in the usual manner.

6th September. Upon a memorial from Mr. Robert Hunter,
Professor of Greek, setting forth that he used to make more by
private teaching than all the emoluments that presently accrue to
him, the salary annexed to that office being reserved to Mr. Colin
Drummond, the other joint Professor during his life, the Council
allow him 400 marks salary yearly during the life of Colin Drum-
mond, joint Professor.

The Council, upon a memorial from Dr. Charles Alston, Professor
of Botany, in regard there is no salary annexed to that Professorship,
allowed him 500 marks annually, during the Council's pleasure,
from Lammas 1746, as the Doctor has now, upwards of twenty-five
years, been employed in that station, and, as such, has deservedly
acquired a very great character.

i [A week after Dr. Pringle's resig- But this eminent philosopher declined

nation was accepted, namely, on the to accept of the proffered preferment.

3d of April, the Town-Council trans- It was on this occasion that Hume the

mitted a presentation to the vacant historian applied for this chair ; but

chair to the celebrated Dr. Francis his philosophical theories, which he had

Hutcheson, Professor of Moral Philo- already published, effectually operated

sophy in the College of Glasgow, who against his success.]
was then in the meridian of his fame.

414 APPENDIX.

VOL. LXVI.

5M January 1747. William Alexander, old Treasurer, elected
College Treasurer for the year ensuing.

Committee named for College affairs. . . . Any five of them to
be a quorum, the preses being always one.

20M January. Mr. Joseph Ferguson preferred to Bursary of
Divinity on Buchanan of that Hk's Mortification.

Mr. John Gibson preferred to Bursary of Divinity on Mr. James
Nairne's Mortification.

Mr. Thomas Hunter preferred to Bursary of Divinity on Mr.
James Nairne's Mortification.

25/A February. Ralph M'Farlane preferred to Bursary of Di-
vinity on Dr. Robert Leighton's Mortification.

George Couples preferred to Bursary of Divinity on Mr. Andrew
Ramsay's Mortification.

Dugald Stewart, son to Mr. Charles Stewart, minister at Campbel-
toun, preferred to Bursary of Philosophy on Dr. Johnston's Morti-
fication.

Thomas Blacklock preferred to Bursary of Philosophy on Dr.
Johnston's Mortification.

Andrew Petrie preferred to Bursary of Philosophy on Hector
Ford's Mortification.

Robert Leiston, son to Mr. Robert Leiston, minister at Aberdour,
preferred to Bursary of Philosophy on Hector Ford's Mortification.

John Milne preferred to Bursary of Philosophy on Hector Ford's
Mortification.

Adam Watson, son to James Watson, under-janitor of the College
of Edinburgh, preferred to Bursary of Philosophy on Sir Andrew
Ramsay's Mortification.

John Bald, son to James Bald. merchant in Edinburgh, preferred
to Bursary of Philosophy on Dr. Johnston's Mortification.

Alexander Ure preferred to Bursary of Philosophy on Dr. John-
ston's M>rt iti ration.

William Gloag, son to Mr. Andrew Gloag, minister at W<-t
Calder. pivt'errcd to Bursary of Philosophy on Hector Ford's M<>r-
tification.

Thomas Blacklock preferred to Bursary of Philosophy on John
M Mornm'^ Mortification.

25/A March. Mr. i;..l,,. r t Henderson, Library-keeper, demits,
held that office since Novnnl.rr % J1, 1684. Allowed to re-

APPENDIX. 415

tain his salary during his life, on condition that he deliver a cata-
logue of all the books belonging to the College Library within three
months, and make good those wanting, but in case they exceed
10 sterling in value, then such a part of his salary shall be re-
tained and given to his successor during Mr. Henderson's life, as
the Lord Provost, on behalf of the city, and Mr. Robert Craigie of
Glendoick, late Lord Advocate for Scotland, on behalf of Mr. Hen-
derson, shall jointly determine, over and above making good to the
College the value of such books as shall be found amissing. Mr.
George Stewart, Professor of Humanity, chosen Librarian, ad vitam
aut culpam ; to have the perquisites, but Mr. Henderson to have
the salary, 33, 6s. 8d. sterling. Mr. Stewart to make out a cata-
logue of the Library within fifteen months from this date ; and
annually to give the Council in December a list of the books pur-
chased or gifted during the preceding year ; bound to subject him-
self to the Council's regulations. He appears in Council, accepts
of his office, and qualifies.

The city's clerks to lend him on receipt such catalogues of the
College Library as are in their possession.

15// April. Bond by Mr. George Stewart, as Library-keeper,
produced for making forthcoming the books of the Library, and
making good the other conditions mentioned in his commission.
Mr. Alexander Kincaid, bookseller in Edinburgh, his cautioner.
Letter of cautionary registered in Burgh Court books.

15/A May. College committee appointed to inquire into the
present state of the Library ; what catalogues relative thereto are
in the College ; in whose custody they are ; and what books are want-
ing which are recorded in any of these catalogues ; and what books
are in the Library, purchased or given to the College, which are
not in those catalogues ; and to report.

10th June. College committee to cause make an inventory of
all the instruments belonging to the city, necessary for illustrating
any branch of Natural Philosophy, that are deposited in the College,
and to take Professor Stewart's receipt, and to report.

24th June. There being at present one vacant bursary in the
College on King William's Mortification, in order to supply the
same, a list of three candidates to be made out, to be presented to
the Barons of Exchequer by the College Treasurer.

3d July.K like list.

22 d July. Mr. Robert Rutherford, Divinity bursar by a pre-
sentation on Sir James M'Lurg's Mortification, presented by John

4KJ APPENDIX.

Adam of Whitslaid. rice patronis. To commence at Candlemas
last : for four years.

26th August. It being represented that the Council by their act,
February 9, 1726, had nominated and appointed Andrew Sinclair
and John Rutherford, Doctors of Medicine, Professors of the Theory
and Practice of Medicine, and Andrew Plummer and John Innes,
Doctors of Medicine, Professors of Medicine and Chemistry in the
College of Edinburgh, under sundry conditions and provisions men-
tioned in the aforesaid act : And as through some mistake or inad-
vertency, the said act had not been engrossed in the Principal
Record of Council, and as the fact was transacted during the ad-
ministration of some of the present members of Council, and recent
in their memories, and fully set forth in the extract thereof, under
the hands of Mr. Adam Watt, late one of the city clerks : The Lord
Provost, Magistrates, and Council, with the Deacons of Crafts, ordi-
nary and extraordinary, therefore did, and hereby do, in order to
rectify the aforesaid mistake, declare the said act to be as valid in
all respects, as if recorded in its proper place, and ordered the said
extract to be engrossed in the present Record of Council, the tenour
whereof follows :

"EDINBURGH, February 0, 1726.

" The which day, the Council being convened, anent the petition
given in by the above Doctors, Fellows of the Royal College of Phy-
sicians at Edinburgh, showing that the petitioners had, under the
Council's protection, undertaken the professing and teaching of
Medicine in this city, and under this encouragement had carried it
en with some success : That if it were taught in the College by the
petitioners, it would promote it more than the way in which they
had hitherto undertaken it : That the sole power of instituting such
professions in the College, and of electing of persons qualified to
profess the same, was vested in the Council : That the promoting
the foresaid profession was only what was intended by tin- peti-
tioners, which would tend to the benefit and honour of this city and
country : Craving, therefore, that the Council would institute this
km in the College of Edinburgh, and appoint the petitioners
to teach and profess the same, as the petition bears: Wmcii being
maturely considered, and the Council being fully convinced that
nothing ran contribute more to the flourishing of this or any other
College, than that all (lie parts of academical learninLT In- prof,
and taiijrht in them l.y aMe ProfVsMirs. they \\ere of opinion that it
would be rity. and country, that

APPENDIX. 417

Medicine in all its branches be taught and professed here by such a
number of Professors of that science as may by themselves promote
students to their degrees, with as great solemnity as is done in any
other College or University at home or abroad. The Council, fur-
ther considering that the petitioners have given the clearest proof
of their capacity and ability to reach the above valuable ends and
purposes, they having already professed and taught Medicine with
good success and advantage, and with the approbation of all the
learned in that science here, Do therefore unanimously constitute,
nominate, and appoint Andrew Sinclair and John Rutherford,
Doctors of Medicine, Professors of the Theory and Practice of
Medicine, and Andrew Plummer and John Innes, Doctors of Medi-
cine, Professors of Medicine and Chemistry in the College of Edin-
burgh, with full power to all of them to profess and teach Medicine
in all its branches in the said College as fully and freely as the said
science is taught in any University or College in this or any other
country : And do, by thir presents, give, grant, and bestow upon
the said four Professors of Medicine, and of the particular branches
thereof above mentioned, all the liberties, privileges, and immuni-
ties that at present or hereafter are or may be enjoyed by the Pro-
fessors of any other science in the foresaid College, and particularly
with full power to them to examine candidates, and to do every-
thing requisite and necessary to the graduation of Doctors of Medi-
cine as amply and fully, and with all the solemnities that the same
is practised and done by the Professors of Medicine in any College
or University whatsoever. And it is hereby further provided and
declared, that two only of the said Professors of Medicine shall at
one time have the privilege of voting with the other Professors in
College affairs ; and that these two enjoy the privilege of deliberat-
ing on and voting in the affairs of general concern to the College,
whereanent the Professors have been in use to deliberate and vote,
in manner after directed, viz. : the said Andrew Sinclair and
Andrew Plummer are hereby appointed and privileged to deliberate
and vote with the other Professors in their College affairs, from
the day of their admission till March 1, 1727, and the said John
Rutherford and John Innes, from the said 1st March 1727, to enjoy
the same privilege for the succeeding year ; and so by turns during
their respective lives, and their continuing in office ; and that this
act shall take place ad v.itam aut culpain. And it is hereby to
be understood, that if their number be diminished by death or
otherwise, the survivors continuing to profess and teach Medicine

2D

418 APPENDIX.

shall enjoy the foresaid privileges. And, lastly, it is hereby ex-
pressly provided and declared, that the said four Professors, or any
of them, shall not have any fee or salary for their professing or
ling Medicine, by virtue of this present Act, or in time coming,
which shall be payable out of the revenue or patrimony which does,
or may at any time hereafter, belong to this city, whereanent thir
presents shall be a warrant.

" Extracted (Signed) AD. WATT."

26M August. Considering that by the decease of Dr. John
Innes, and the valetudinary state of health of Dr. Andrew Sinclair,
Medicine cannot be so well taught in this College as hitherto ; and
as Dr. Robert "VVhytt has for a considerable time past taught Medi-
cine in this city's College to the universal content of all the gentle-
men learned in that science, and is every other way well recom-
mended : Therefore the Council elect him one of the Professors of
the Theory and Practice of Medicine, ad vitam out culpam. in
room and place of Dr. John Innes, deceased ; but with the provisions,
conditions, and limitations contained in the Council's act, February
9, 1726 : Grant him all the emoluments, liberties, privileges, and
immunities appertaining to the said Professorship, particularly to
examine candidates, and to do every other thing requisite and neces-
sary for the graduation of Doctors of Medicine : With this proviso, that
in case of the death of any of the other three Professors of Medi-
cine, no new choice or nomination shall be made, but the Theory
and Practice of Medicine and Chemistry shall be taught by Dr.
Whytt and the other two surviving Professors : Also, that the said
Dr. Whytt, by his acceptation hereof, became expressly bound
punctually to observe and obey all the nets and bye-laws made or
to be made by the Council touching the government and adminis-
tration of the College: Also, he should ,irive regular lectures.

Ordered that Bailie J. Brown, and his committee, install the
said Dr. Robert Whytt 1 one of the Professors of the Theory and
Practice of Medicine in the said College.

2d September. Mr. Matthew Stewart, minister of the gospel at
Roseneath,' chosen Professor of Mathematics in place of Clin

A'hytt, son of Robert Whytt prartirc as a physician in

of Bennochy, Advocate, was an alum- In 1761 he wns made first physi-

1 th- Tiny; | his Ma My George tin- Thinl. lh-.lic<l

stuli..l mi -.li.ii,,. :i t K.linlMu-.u'li, ami April 1">, 17<^, in the lil'u -

M.D. at Illlril!,, in nfhi

1786. At this titiM- ho v a i\i, M.-ittlicw Stewart was t!

APPENDIX. 419

M'Laurin, deceased, ad vitam aut culpam. Salary, ,83, 6s. 8d.
sterling.

4M September. The Lord Provost to write to Mr. Matthew
Stewart, informing him of his election, and expressing that it would
be agreeable to the Council to know how soon he could conveniently
be loosed from his pastoral charge at Roseneath, so as to be in
readiness to enter on the duties of his office against the term of
Martinmas next.

VOL. LXVII.

1th October. Committee on College affairs.

21s October. Mr. Matthew Stewart appeared in Council, and
accepted and qualified. Also took and subscribed the oath in the
Council's act, September 10, 1718.

30//J December. Kenneth Bayne of Tulloch presents Charles
Robertson, son to Mr. Francis Robertson, minister of the gospel at
Clyne, in the shire of Sutherland, to a bursary of Divinity, upon
Bayne of Tulloch's Mortification, for two years.

6th January 1748. Andrew Petrie, sou to Robert Petrie,
minister of the gospel at Cannoby, Bursar of Philosophy on Lord
Warriston's Mortification. Four years. Presented by Dame Grizell
Baillie of Jerviswood, relict of the deceased Sir Alexander Murray
of Stanhope.

9^ March. Mr. Matthew Stewart to possess the house in the
College occupied by the late Colin M'Laurin, he always paying
rent for the same.

Professor George Stuart, upon his petition, allowed rooms for
a house in the College, having a great deal of duty in the Library,
etc., and wishing to keep boarders.

The petitioner states, that, on his entry to the office of Library-
keeper, he found the Library in the utmost confusion, without any
catalogue but a very imperfect press one, by which no book called
for could be found. The petitioner hath now finished, in three
volumes, folio, an Alphabetical Catalogue, whereby any book can
be found at once, to the great expense of his health. He found
himself obliged to write out one for ordinary use, with a design
afterwards of writing it over again, in order to make the Library

of Mr. Dugald Stewart, minister of and studied theology at Edinburgh. He

Rothesay, in the Isle of Bute, and was was ordained minister of the parish of

born in the year 1717. He was an Roseneath, on the 9th of May 1745.]
alumnus of the University of Glasgow,

420 APPENDIX.

this winter subservient to the real design of it. The petitioner had
gone over the whole Library three times, and written out a list of
books, either lent or lost by his predecessor, to be laid before the
Council when called for. And whereas Mr. Henderson, for his
press catalogue alone, though of itself altogether useless, had got a
gratuity of 50 sterling from the Council, the petitioner only
begged a place in the College for a dwelling, to be fitted up at his,
own expense.

This remitted to the College committee, who report favourably ;
and therefore Mr. Stuart allowed various adjoining chambers on
the east side of the upper College court accordingly. Remitted to
the College committee to fix and ascertain the rent.

1st July. Tack of the teinds of Dumbarney granted for nine-
teen years to John Craigie, younger of Dumbarney, Advocate, for
himself, and in name of the other heritors of the parish of Dum-
barney, containing an yearly tack-duty of 140 Ibs. 18s. 4d. Scots,
by and attour the minister's stipend, and eight bolls victual to the
minister of Dron.

Wth August. Bursars, viz. :

Mr. John Mackay, bursar of Divinity on Buchanan's Mortification.

Mr. James Dunsmuir, bursar of Divinity on Buchanan's Morti-
fication.

Mr. Duncan Shaw, bursar of Divinity on Struthers's Mortifica-
tion.

Mr. Alexander Cochrane, son of the deceased Mr. Hugh Cochrane,
minister at Kilmaurs, bursar of Divinity on Struthers's Mortifica-
tion.

Mr. Alexander Glen, bursar of Divinity on Chrystie's Mortifica-
tion.

Mr. Duncan Campbell, bursar of Divinity on Ramsay's Mortifi-
cation.

Alexander Elliot, son to Alexander Elliot, baxter in Edinburgh,
l.m>ar >f Philosophy on Weir and Jenkin's Mortifications.

Robert Colvill, son to Walter Colvill, baxter in Edinburgh, bursar
of Philosophy on Dalgleish's Mortification.

Archibald Gillies, sou to Gillies, wright in Edinburgh,

r of Philosophy on Hector Ford's Mortification.

William Nimrao, son to Patrick Nimmo in Whitcside, bursar of
Philosophy on Hepburn and Lightbody's Mortification.

William Siiiix.i). clerk to the baxters of Kdiiil.urgh, bursar of
Philosophy on Dr. Johnston's Mortification.

APPENDIX. 421

Alexander Thomson, bursar of Philosophy on Dr. Johnston's
Mortification.

Alexander Tennent, bursar of Philosophy on Dr. Johnston's
Mortification.

John Graham Pyot, son to Mr. Alexander Pyot, minister at
Dunbar, bursar of Philosophy on Sir Andrew Ramsay's Mortifica-
tion.

Andrew Manderston, bursar of Philosophy on Hector Ford's
Mortification.

5th October. Committee appointed on College affairs.

VOL. LXVIII.

1st November 1749. Inter alia, Intimation to be made to Mr.
George Stuart, Keeper of the Library, that it is the Council's plea-
sure he should lodge with the city clerks a Catalogue, signed by
him, of the whole books in or belonging to the Library, containing
also a full list of the pictures, medals, and other rarities in the
Library ; and that annually hereafter, before Michaelmas, he deliver
to the Council a signed Catalogue of the new books entered in
Stationers' Hall, London, of which he receives a copy, to be added
to the Council's copy of the Catalogue before mentioned.

\5th November. 150 sterling to be paid to Mr. Monro, Pro-
fessor of Anatomy, being his bygone salary due preceding Whit-
sunday last, in regard the said demand cannot at present be
answered out of the College funds.

31s January 1750. It was represented to the Council that the
Principal and Professors were going to choose a Printer to the Uni-
versity, and give him a commission accordingly. The Council find
this an encroachment upon their rights, they having the sole power
to choose all office- bearers in the University. The Provost there-
fore to write to the Principal, that there may be a meeting with
the College about this, that the thing may be adjusted amicably, as
the Council wish to be on an amicable footing with the College.
The Provost promises to write accordingly.

1th February. The Provost reported that he, and sundry mem-
bers of the Council, had held a conference with Principal Wishart
and Professors about the subject of Printer, and had shown them,
from the City's records, that the Council, for upwards of a century
past, had chosen the Printer to the University. Thereupon the
Principal and the Professors declared that they would desist from
their intention.

422 APPENDIX.

1th March. Mr. William Maitland, on petition, gets ,40 to
enable him to proceed in publishing his History of Edinburgh. 1

4th April. Mr. Sands, College treasurer, produced a missive
addressed to him, from Mr. George Stuart, Keeper of the College
Library. With the letter, Mr. Stuart sent him an exact sub-
scribed catalogue of the books, manuscripts, etc., in the College
Library, and promised that he would annually for the future send
a list of the additional books ; he said he had already written two
Alphabetical Catalogues, and intended to write out a fair copy.
Mr. Sands produced the aforesaid Catalogue.

A committee appointed to meet with a committee of the College,
to compare the Catalogue given in by Mr. Stuart with former Cata-
logues of the College Library.

VOL. LXIX.

6th June 1751. A petition from sundry students, requesting the
Council would retain Mr. James Robertson, preacher of the gospel,
to teach Hebrew, etc., in place of Mr. Dawson. Mr. Robertson
greatly recommended by Joannes Jacobus Schultens, Professor of
Oriental Languages at Leyden ; also by Dr. Hunt, Regius Professor
of Hebrew at the University of Oxford. Avisamentum with the
ministers ordered.

26 JA June. Mr James Robertson 2 chosen in conjunction with
Mr. William Dawson ; authorized to take fees. He appears in
Council, accepts, and qualifies. To be installed in his office in the
usual form.

VOL. I.\\

1th December. In conse.jiirm'e of some dispute, the town grant
a new joint commission to Mr. Robertson and Mr. Dawson ; by
which Mr. Knbrrtson, for his present encouragement, is to have
tin- house and classroom in the College rent free, with 10 ) ;nlv

1 [Maitlunil was a Fellow <>! tin- Koyal situation in the Dissenting Academy at

<>f Kdinl.ur^h N<i thampton. over which tin- well-

}">>. He died in 17-')7. km>\\n Dr. Doddridire presided. At

Og a roiisideralde f.irtuiir to his first he adopted in his chis> I '.u \torfs

n-lativcs in Mnni Hebrew (inimmar; hut hi 1 aftei

* [At tin- time of his rh-rtion, Flohcrt- published one of his own compilation,

sun, from the reputation he had ac. which he u>ed in tencliin ; _r. He also

liiin-1 for his knowle.lp- of the llrhr.-w pul.lished a Key to the IVntatcuch. He

.uni A '.iieie.i a died on the Mth of November 179&]

APPENDIX. 423

of Mr. Dawson's salary, and 20 more yearly from the town,
during the joint lives of Mr. Dawson and himself; making in all
30 and a free house.

*2'2d November 1752. By act of Council, Andrew Syme, burgess
of Edinburgh, appointed keeper of niortcloths, without salary, and
to pay monthly 20 pounds Scots out of the perquisites of the said
office to the College treasurer for the time.

VOL. LXXI.

27th June 1753. Appointed Bailie Alexander Grant and his com-
mittee to visit that part of the College called the Common Hall,
and to report and bring in an estimate of the repairs necessary
thereto, under the hands of skilful tradesmen.

25th July. Report about the Common Hall and roof of the High
Library in the College. Found that the old roof is ruinous and
should be renewed, and the walls raised so as to make an attic story.
Estimated expense, 273, 16s. 7j^d. By this alteration, the Low
Library could probably be let for upwards of 20 sterling per
annum. The Council approve of the said report, with this addi-
tion, that as soon as the books can be all removed from the low old
Library to the new high intended one, then the former shall be let
to the highest bidder, for nineteen years, or be let for nineteen
years as the Council shall think proper.

~L2th September. Estimate of additional repairs for the High
Library in the College, 18, 14s. 4d. Authorized to be done under
the eyes of the committee.

17^ October. Estimate of additional repairs, 37, 13s. 4d.
Agreed to.

1th November. On a representation from Dr. John Stewart,
Professor of Natural Philosophy, and Mr. Matthew Stewart, Pro-
fessor of Mathematics, the town agree that, as the High Library of
the College was at present repairing, the jamb adjoining to the said
Library should have a flat in place of a scally roof, as presently
proposed, with a parapet wall round it, so high as to be on a level
with the Library roof ; which would be particularly useful to the
professions of the Memorialists. Estimate about 30.

2~Lst December. Charles Mackie, Professor of Universal His-
tory, Greek and Roman Antiquities, finding his health considerably
broke, demits, it being his desire that Mr. John Gordon, a member
of the Faculty of Advocates, should be conjoined with him in the

424 APPENDIX.

said office. Intimation of his demission to be given to the Faculty
of Advocates.

2Qth December. A leet presented by the Faculty of Advocates
to the Town- Council, consisting of Mr. John Gordon, and Mr.
James Hamilton junior, Advocates. Mr. Gordon chosen, in con-
junction with Mr. Mackie, Professor of Universal Civil History,
and Greek and Roman Antiquities, ad vitam aut culpam ; with the
right of survivancy to the longest liver. Thereafter Mr. Gordon,
compearing in Council, accepted of the said office, and qualified.

IQth January 1754. A commission, read and signed in Coun-
cil, naming and appointing Mr. Charles Mackie and Mr. John
Gordon conjunct Professors of Universal Civil History, and Greek
and Koman Antiquities in the University.

2d February. Mr. John Gowdie, Professor of Divinity, resigns ;
and the Council order a meeting with the ministers to deliberate
about a Principal and Professor of Divinity.

6th February. Having consulted with the ministers of the city,
the Council elect Mr. John Gowdie, Principal of the College, in
place of Dr. William Wishart, deceased j 1 and Mr. Robert Hamil-
ton, minister in Old Greyfriars' Church, Professor of Divinity, 2 in
place of Mr. Gowdie, resigned.

VOL. LXXII.

27/7* March. Commission to Mr. Gowdie, as Principal of the
University, and to Mr. Robert Hamilton, as Professor of Divinity.

15M May. On the resignation of Mr. James Davidson, and Mr.
Thomas Ruddiman, the town appoint Messrs. Gavin Hamilton and
John Balfour, College printers. They must take the Low Library
and printing-house under it at 18 per annum, and must furnish
the College Library with a free copy of what classics they sluill
print.

i [Dr. Wishart died on the 12th of required, according to a regulation
May 17"-"'. | which had oren made by the Town-

Council, to demit his charire as a mi-

[M Hamilton was the son nister of tin- < it y. Havim: performed

of Dr. William Hamilton, who hail tin- duties of a theological IV

been Professor of Divinity, ami then Mtrly twenty-five years, he retired fhNH

Prim ipal in tin- I'nh.iMtv. II,- was put-lie lilr, anl, on tin- K'th of Sej>-

nd. thru tend.er 177'.', Dr. Andrew Hnntrr was

MWMmivply ininistri of !.,.; conjoined with him in tin- Tin-.:

Church, and tin- <Md (in \ li I,UN'. On Chair. He died on tin- iM of April

.lion to the Tln-'l,,-i,-;,J Chair, 17*7. SIT Morrcii's Annals, \ ,.1. ii. j.]..

before he could !. admitted, he wa 886..>'.', :::'.'. |

APPENDIX. 425

une, On resignation of, and representation from, Alexander
Monro, Professor of Anatomy, bearing that he had taught with suc-
cess thirty-five years, etc., his son, Alexander Monro, 1 is chosen joint
with him. N.B. He states, in this representation, that there had
been more than 200 students of Physic annually for many years
past at Edinburgh, and that they brought 10,000 at least annually
to the town.

10^ July. Alexander Monro senior, and Alexander Monro
junior, qualify in Council.

18th July. Commission to them signed.

21s2 August. Mr. William Cleghorn, on account of bad health,
resigns his office as Professor of Moral Philosophy. The Council
a'ccept, and appoint that a meeting be held on Monday next at twelve
o'clock, to choose a proper person in his room, and that the minis-
ters of the city be then desired to attend to give their avisamentum.

28th August. The Provost reports, that avisamentum of the
ministers had been taken about a successor to Mr. Cleghorn, who
had died since his resignation. 2

James Balfour of Pilrig, Advocate, chosen Professor of Pneuma-
tics and Moral Philosophy. 3

4th September. Mr. Balfour 's commission granted.

Mr. Robertson, Professor of Hebrew, to have a house in the
College, rent free, for seven years.

\th December. Mr. John Gordon, and Mr. Mackie, demit their
joint Professorship of Universal Civil History, and Greek and
Roman Antiquities, and the latter proposes Mr. William Wallace
junior, Advocate, for a new colleague. Their demission accepted.
Gordon demitted, that he might be in a condition to accept of the
Professorship of Civil Law, for which the Faculty of Advocates
thought him well qualified. In his petition to the Council, he says,
that he was " sensible himself that he was a better civilian than
historian." Mackie in his letter to the Council says, that he was

1 [Alexander Monro, secundus, after a [Balfour was among the first who
a long and successful career as a physi- combated the sceptical philosophy of
cian and professor, had associated with Hume, in two treatises ; the one entitled
him in the Professorship his son, Dr. "A Delineation of Morality," and the
Alexander Monro, tertius, on the 14th other, " Philosophical Dissertations."
of November 1798. He died, October 2, He also contested the doctrines con-
1817, in his eighty-fifth year.] tained in Lord Kames's Essays on Mo-
rality and Natural Religion. The can-

2 [Professor Cleghorn died at Edin- dour and good temper with which he
burgh, on the 23d of August 1754, in wrote commanded the approbation of
the 36th year of his age.] even his opponents.]

426 APPENDIX.

advanced in years, and his health considerably broken ;" and that
he was " apprehensive that he should not be in a condition much
longer to give colledges [lectures] on the subject of his profession."

\\th December. An estimate of windows for the High Library
given in and approved of. 44, 11s. 6d. sterling.

\^th December. Intimation of Mr. John Gordon's resignation
to be given to the Advocates.

23c? December. Leet given by the Advocates of Mr. William
Wallace and David Kennedy, Advocates. Mr Mackie demits.
He and Mr. William Wallace chosen conjunct.

'I'lil January 1755. Mr. Kobert Dick, Advocate, chosen Pro-
fessor of Civil Law on the demission of Mr. Kenneth Mackenzie;
Mr. James Veitch, Advocate, being the other person in the leet. *

29M January Commission to Mr. Robert Dick read and signed
in Council.

VOL. LXXIII.

3(M July. A new floor ordered for the new Library. The ex-
pense estimated at 45 sterling, of which the Professors generously
offered to contribute 20.

19//i November. Dr. William Cullen, present Professor of Medi-
cine and Chemistry in the College of Glasgow, 1 conjoined with Dr.
Andrew Plummer in the office of Professor of Medicine and Che-
mistry. Dr. Plummer had of late been afflicted with palsy, which
rendered him unable to discharge the duties of his office.

10/A December. Dr. Cullen accepts by letter to the Council.

_'!.</ Jiiniiin-ii 17.">(). The clerks produced in Council a Cata-
logue of the books in the College Library, made up by Mr. George
Stuart, the present Lilrary-krej.-r, and >iirncd by him, January 1,
IT.'tO. (liven to (iilbert Laurie, College treasurer, to be by him
put into the hands of .Mr. Stuart, upon receipt, that lie may add
to the Catalogue such books as have been put into the Library since
the Minn- was made up.

. Mr. Robert Smith's demission of the Professor-

i {It is scarcely necessary to remark, taine.l a Kiirn|.r:m n-j-utali-.n. :m<l is

Dr. i'ullen was our of tin- nx-l >n\<\ \ li:i\i- l>n>u.u'lit him aUmt 3000

i-miiient mm in tin- ilejiartmeiit of Meli- .sterling. l',r>i.l.-s other works, he }-ul>-

nn' wlioha\e:idoni''l the riiiv-r>ity of li>he<l a t rea! i>e on Malcria Mr.li.-a. in

Ivlinl. -jrcat \\<>rk t w.> <|u:irtn Miluim-s. alxuit a year 1-c-

l'h\^ii- ;" whirli I.TI- liis death, wliic'h took plaee on the

was first iMil.li>he,l , 177'!. It ol.- fitln.f l-Yl.runry 1700.]

APPENDIX. 427

ship of Midwifery in the College of Edinburgh. Thomas Young, 1
Surgeon, chosen in his place. No salary.

Gilbert Laurie, College treasurer, demands 250, to enable him
to pay Professors salaries and Bursars.

1(M March. Commission to Drs. Cullen and Plummer pre-
sented and signed in Council.

28th July. On Dr. Plummer's death, and Dr. Cullen's resigna-
tion, the latter gets a new commission, as sole Professor of Medicine
and Chemistry.

list December. Report of Dr. Cullen's instalment.

VOL. LXXIV.

2d February 1757. Mr. Gilbert Laurie, College treasurer's
accounts from Michaelmas 1755 to Michaelmas 1756 : Charge,
including 250 got from the late city treasurer, 1616, 19s. 8 T 8 5 d.;
discharge, including 414, 5s.. 8d. of arrears, 1568, 15s. 9 T ^d. ;
balance due by him, 48, 3s. H T e g d.

Ordered George Stuart, Library-keeper, to add to the Cata-
logue the books purchased or got from Stationers' Hall, or gifted to
the Library since the Catalogue was given in by him to the
Council.

15^/i June. On the request of Alexander Monro senior, a new
commission granted him and his son, as they were now both Doctors
of Medicine, which none of them had been formerly.

23d November. Accounts of Mr. Nisbet, late College treasurer,
from Michaelmas 1756 to Michaelmas 1757 : Charge, including
48, 3s. llj^-d. of balance, and 80 imprest into his hands,
XI 525, 8s. lO^f d. sterling ; discharge, including arrears, 422,
2s. 10 T 8 od., 1526, 5s. 4f|d. ; balance due to him, 16s. 6d.

VOL. LXXV.

~L4th March 1759. Mr. James Guthrie, College treasurer's ac-
counts, from Michaelmas 1757 to Michaelmas 1758 : Charge,
1403, 13s. 8d. sterling; discharge, including 16s. 6d., balance
paid to Mr. Nisbet, last College treasurer, and 419, 10s. ly^d. of
arrears, 1381, 10s. 7 T %d. ; balance due by him, 22, 3s. O^d.

Wednesday, 21th June. The Lord Provost having represented

i [Young opened a class for students confining his attention to the ecluca-
in this branch of medical practice, not tion of females.]

428 APPENDIX.

that as there is a vacancy in the Professorship of Natural Philo-
sophy, by the decease of Dr. John Stewart, and that it is expedient
and necessary the said office should be forthwith supplied with a fit
and well- qualified person, the Council therefore resolve that, on
Friday next, at four o'clock afternoon, the Magistrates meet in the
Laigh Council -house, and that the ministers of the city be then
desired to attend, to give their avisamentum anent the choice of a
Professor for supplying the said vacancy.

4th July. On the Provost's report, that the ministers had ap-
proved of Mr. Adam Ferguson, he is chosen in place of Dr. John
Stewart deceased. 1

VOL. LXXVI.

26/A December. Gilbert Laurie, College treasurer's accounts:
His charge, including arrears and 250 impressed into his hands
by Mr. Guthrie, city treasurer, 1652, Is. 5 T 2 2 d. ; his discharge,
1584, 8s. l T 8 2 d. ; balance due by him, 67, 13s. 3 T 6 2 d.

27^ Ju ne 1760. The Town- Council considering that there is
no Professor of Rhetoric in this city's University, and that the
Reverend Dr. Hugh Blair, one of the ministers of this city, has for
some time past taught that branch of literature with universal
applause ; and being satisfied that the teaching of Rhetoric in the
University would be of singular use to students, and a great benefit
to the city; and knowing by experience that the said Dr. Blair is
fully qualified for that office : Therefore the Council elect the said
Dr. Blair to be Professor of Rhetoric in the University, without a
salary.

6/A August. Commission to Dr. Blair 2 read and signed in

[Mr. Stewart died ,,n the 12th of [Dr. Hugh Blair, who was the

7~''.>. Dr. Adam Ferguson, his sue- great-grandson of Mr. Robert I>1 air,

cessor, was the son of Adam Ferguson, minister of St. Andrews, wa- minister

minister of Lo^iernit, in the Presbyter)- first of Collcssie in Fife, and then sm--

of Dunkeld. lit- was educated at the cessively of the ( 'anoii^.itc. I.a.i .

grammar-school of IVrth and at the tor's, and the High Church, Edinburgh,

'. Andrew-,. Haxinjr f which last he was removed in 1 7>.

Btudied for the Church, lie. acted for His lectures on Rhetoric and B

Rome time as chaplain to the 42(1 Regi- Lettres excited so gnat interest, that

inent ; and in 17"'7 he l.ec.-ime tutor in his Majesty George III. was induced to

lily .f the Karl of Bute. FergU- endow tin- chair in M^l. Alter having

iccesshely filled the been delivered for twenty-eight years,

'lilMsophy and Mathe- they wen- juiMished ; Blair receiving

'it- author of various for the copyright .t'1/iOO. He <i

II. died at St. Andrews, in the L'7lh ,,V Deeeinher 1800, in the

lity-thild veai ..( his a;_'e. ]

APPENDIX. 429

Council, and Mr. Gilbert Laurie ordered to install him as Professor
of Rhetoric.

17 'th December. Dr. Cullen, at the request of the students of
Medicine, had, in consequence of the death of Dr. Charles Alston,
agreed to teach Materia Medica for this session, should he obtain
the approbation of the honourable patrons of the University. A
petition from the students of Medicine to the Town- Council craving
authority for this. The Council recommend to the Lord Provost
to meet and converse with Dr. Cullen and the other Professors, and
do as he thinks proper.

25th April 1761. Dr. John Hope 1 elected Professor of Botany
and Materia Medica, in place of Dr. Charles Alston, deceased, with
salary, and to be keeper of the city's Botanic garden.

~L3th May. Kemit to the College committee to consider the

account given in by , the attorney appointed by the

Council, for recovering a legacy bequeathed to the city's College by
Hugh Woodside, formerly of the city of Dublin, and late of Castle
town, within the diocese of Sodor and Man ; and they to report.

16M September. Accounts of Mr. John Coutts, College treasurer,
from Michaelmas 1759 to Michaelmas 1760 : Charge, including
former balance and arrears, 1499, 4s. lOyf d. sterling ; discharge,
1504, 13s. lO^d. ; balance due to him, 5, 8s. ll^d. Recom-
mend now, as frequently before, to endeavour to recover arrears
due to the College, particularly those due by the daughters of Sir
Robert Chiesly, and James Scott, chemist.

VOL. LXXVII.

October 1761. Committee on College affairs, etc. Any
five a quorum, the preses always one.

Qth December. Catalogue of the College Library to be inquired
after by the College treasurer, that the new books obtained since
the last Catalogue was made up may be added to it.

5th March 1762. Remit to the College committee to see what
is due to Principal Gowdie's widow of the salary which was payable
to her deceased husband, and to report.

March. Dr. William Robertson, one of the ministers of

1 [Dr. Hope, after attending the of M.D. at Glasgow, on the 29th of

Medical classes at home, prosecuted his January 1750. He died on the 10th of

studies for some time abroad. On his November 1786.]
return to Scotland he took the degree

430 APPENDIX.

the city, proposed in Council as a most proper person to be
Principal, in place of Dr. John Gowdie, deceased. A committee
of the whole Council had previously met, and had unanimously
agreed to elect him. The avisamentum of the ministers had also
been taken, and they had no objection. Dr. Robertson elected.
Granted him the salary belonging to that office, and the house, with
the orchard, in the said University, as the same was lately possessed
by the said deceased Mr. John Gowdie ; but under this express
condition, that as long as he is a minister of the city, he shall not
be entitled to the sum of 500 marks allowed each of the ministers
of this city for house rent, in respect he possesses a house as Prin-
cipal of the College. Dr. Robertson 1 being called upon, appean <!
in Council, accepted of the said office, and took the oath de fideli
adm inistratione.

1th April. Legacy of books left by Hugh Woodside, of the Isle
of Man, to the College.

14/A April. Bailie Hog represents that he had recovered the
Catalogue of the College Library, which had been long amissing :
that he had given it to Professor George Stuart, the Librarian, to
add books got since 1757 : that Mr. Stuart is now employed in
making two catalogues, a press one, of the whole books as put in
the presses ; and an alphabetical one ; and therefore he moved the
Council for their directions thereanent : that it will be a year before
Mr. Stuart can make up said catalogues, and, when done, he pro-
posed to give the press catalogue to the Council. Approve, and
recommend to the College treasurer to take Professor Stuart's
receipt for the said catalogue.

Iftth June. 100 for repairs in the Principal's house. He is
t have no further claim during his incumbency.

30M June. A commission from his Majesty, dated 21st of May
la>t. in favour of Mr. Robert Gumming, appointing him Prof

il History in the University, and third Professor of
Divinity, in place of his father, Dr. Patrick Camming, who had re-
signed. \\a< ival. Mr. John P>ro\\n. tiva.-nrcr, in behalf of himself,
the Ma_'i-trat<-. Council, and community, protests that this piv-

' ( Prill- i]>.il l!t.l.rrt-..n. wlm had Keen nanu-ly in 17'il, lit- was removed t<> the

first mingle] nfCladsnniir.where heu:i- Old (Jre\ friar*', in which lie had

ordained in M:t\ 17 i I. \\as at this time eiated with him, as his roHni^i.

minister -| i ^ .-luin-li, Kdin- John Enkine, in 1767. H- died "ii the

been tran*latd llthof June 1793, in the seventy-*

in 17f' s ' aftor liin -lr.-ti..n. yi-ar of his age.]

APPENDIX. 431

sentation shall not prejudge the town's right to the patronage of the
said College. The Council agree to admit Mr. Cumming into the
said office, under the foresaid protestation, saving and reserving to
the city all their rights to the said College, and appoint Bailie Hog
to install him accordingly.

6th July. Report that Mr. Robert Cumming had been in-
stalled.

21st July. A commission from his Majesty, dated 27th April
last, nominating and presenting Dr. Hugh Blair, one of the minis-
ters of Edinburgh, Regius Professor of Rhetoric and Belles Lettres
in the University. Dr. Blair admitted under protest, as usual in
King's presentations.

4th August. Report that Dr. Blair had been installed. Council
approve.

VOL. LX XVIII.

20th October. Mr. Lindsay, depute-clerk, delivered at the table,
to Mr. William Ramsay, College treasurer, the Catalogue of the
College Library, which was put into Mr. Lindsay's hands last
Council day by Mr. Hog, old Bailie.

16th December. Report of repairs made in Dr. Robertson's
house, to the extent of nearly .200. The Council adhere to former
agreement (act 16th June last), and order only 100 to be

12th January 1763. Professor George Stuart demits the office
of Librarian by a letter to the Lord Provost.

Mr. James Robertson, Professor of Hebrew and Oriental Lan-
guages in the College, chosen Librarian in his place, ad vitam
aut culpam. The books to be delivered over to him with the cata-
logues. All the salaries and perquisites. To be obliged in the
month of December every year to give in a list of all the books
purchased, gifted, or which shall accrue to the College the year
preceding. Professor Stuart liable to make good all the books,
with every other thing belonging to the Library during his time.

16th June. Representation from the Barons of Exchequer
about the new Botanic garden. The Barons had made a report to
the Lords of the Treasury relative to the petition of Dr. John Hope,
Professor of Botany, and to the capital sum and annual expense
that would be necessary to erect and maintain a Botanic garden ;
and particularly, had signified to their Lordships that they were

432 APPENDIX.

informed that the present Botanic garden * belonging to the town of
Edinburgh might be let for '25 per annum, which would reduce
the expense of maintaining the new one to the annual charge of
69, 3s. ; and that the Magistrates, in consideration of the benefit
which would accrue to the public, and the town of Edinburgh in par-
ticular, from the increase of the study of Physic there, were willing
that the rent of the said garden should be applied towards the ex-
pense of maintaining such new Botanic garden as might be erected
in the neighbourhood of the city. The Barons, before proceeding
further in the affair, expected a report on it from the Town- Council.

Remit to a committee, with power to examine into the state of
the present Botanic garden, and what rent the same may be set for,
and to give an answer to the Barons.

20th July. Report by committee of a report prepared by them
to be laid before the Barons of Exchequer about the Botanic
garden : That as your Lordships had made a report to the Lords
of the Treasury relative to the petition of Dr. John Hope, of the
capital sum for laying out the garden, and the annual expense
necessary for keeping the same, etc. : In obedience to your Lord-
ships' orders, we humbly report that Dr. Hope has two Botanical
gardens at present, one at the new Port, given to the Professor of
Botany by the Town- Council, during their pleasure, by their act,
dated 14th February 1739 ; .by which they also give him a house
belonging to the city for his gardener to inhabit, also during their
pleasure, rent free, the Professor being obliged to keep it in good
order. The garden, however, is the property of the Trinity Hospital,
and the city rent it for 5 per annum. The other garden is part
of the garden of Holyroodhouse, granted to the family of Hamilton,
which the late Dukes, and tutors of the present Duke, have per-
mitted the Professor of Botany to enjoy. The gardener's house,
given him by the city, might be let for 6 per ;mmim. The Coun-
cil, however, were willing to give annually, in all time coining, the
25 to make up the 94, 3s. necessary to maintain the new Botanic
garden. The report approved of by the Council.

> [That is, the old llotanieal garden, this spot \v:is \\cll chosen, and under

It was sit u;it-.l on tin- low ground east Dr. Hope's superintendence it was

North Bridge, and adjacent to reckoned to l>e one of the most com-

Trinity Hospital. It was of small ex- plcte Botanical gardens in Kurope. The

ind the situation was not well present Botanical garden is .situated

1 for the cultivation of plants. near Inverleith Row, l.cyi.nd Canon-

The new Botanical vr.udrn lay on the mills, ;i situation admiralty titled in

west side of Leitli Walk. At the time even' respect for the purpose.]

APPENDIX. 433

TOL. LXXIX.

1th September. Provost Greorge Drummond. Act authorizing
the reception of the books and curiosities belonging to the Corpora-
tion of Surgeons into the College Library and Museum on certain
conditions ; viz., that the members of the said corporation shall have
leave to borrow books as any other Civis, upon their society paying
5 sterling per annum. 1 (N.B. The Council here acknowledge
the Faculty of the University.)

15/7* February 1764. On the resignation of Patrick Crockat,
janitor of the College, he, with John Innes, appointed joint janitors.

14/A March. Six guineas, instead of three formerly, allowed in
time coming annually to the Library for coals, as there was a ne-
cessity for having two fires in the present Library, instead of one
as before.

21s March. A room in the College to be repaired for the
Librarian, the expense not to exceed 6, 12s. 6d.

VOL. LXXX.

Wednesday, \th May. Mr. James Balfour of Pilrig resigns
the office of Professor of Pneumatics and Moral Philosophy. The
Council resolve that Mr. Adam Ferguson, present Professor of
Natural Philosophy in the City's College, shall be nominated and
appointed in his place.

The Council also resolve that Mr. James Russell, surgeon-apo-
thecary in Edinburgh, shall be nominated and appointed to the
Chair of Natural Philosophy, in place of Mr. Ferguson : And to
take the avisamentum of the ministers of the city before the fore-
said vacancies are filled up. Meeting of the Council with the
ministers to be held in laigh Council House on Friday next, at
twelve o'clock.

23c? May. Mr. Ferguson elected Professor of Pneumatics and
Moral Philosophy, with the former salary : also authorized to take
fees from the students as any other Professor in the University,
notwithstanding any act of Council to the contrary ; and if there
be any such act, it is hereby declared to be repealed.

Mr. James Russell 2 elected Professor of Natural Philosophy.

i [This arrangement with the College 2 [Mr. Russell died on the 17th of

of Surgeons has proved anything but October 1773. His son, of the same

advantageous to the interests of the name, became Professor of Clinical Sur-

University Library.] gery in the University.]

2 E

434

They both qualify.

King's commission, dated May 5th, current, to Mr. James Balfour,
Advocate, to be Professor of the Law of Nature and Nations, 1 in
the room of Mr. Robert Bruce, presented and read.

Resolve to admit Mr. Balfour, under the usual protestation.
Bailie John Stephen appointed to install Messrs. Balfour, Fer-
guson, and Russell.

4th July. Upon petition of Dr. Alexander Monro, he gets 300
to build a new theatre. N.B. In this petition the Doctor n>
that within these forty years, the Town had received from the students
of Anatomy, on the lowest computation, above 300,000, and
during the last twenty years, above 10.000 per annum. The Doctor
advances the 300, to be repaid, 100 annually for three years.

1st August. Act appointing 30 sterling to be paid to Mr.
James Robertson, Librarian, for his great and indefatigable trouble
in putting the Library in order ; and the like sum of 30 sterling
to be paid him next year, in full of all demand for his trouble and
expense.

3e? October. William Hog, junior, elected College treasurer.

10th October. Committee on College affairs named.

19/A December. Act agreeing to pay not only the 300, as
formerly, to Dr. Monro for his theatre, but afterwards 80, 19s. 2d.
in 'June 1768, upon his granting, before receiving the first payment
(namely the first 100 of the 300), an obligation to convey to
the University, at his death, his whole anatomical preparations,
unless the circumstances of his family should alter, so as to make
it necessary for him to dispose of them for their behoof.

0//i January 17<>f>. Patrick Neill, upon petition, allowed to

H the ground-floor under the old Library, which was now to

be fitted up for a musi-um. It had been u-ed as a printing-hottM

by him and his partners, printers. Mrr<. Hamilton and Halfour.

but which company had been lately dissol\

Vol.. |.\\\I.

19M June. On petition of Principal liohcrtson, the old Library.
late a printing house, to be fitted up for a museum for natural
curi< th.- sum of 150 sterling. The work intrusted t.

the Collei:,- eommi''

11M ,s'/y,/r ///. On p.'litioii from I>r. H-.j-e. >< tting forth that

i fffctlfimr iliMiiilti-1 t!ii< diair in 177'.'. atnl ilii-.l :it an ailvnii. I'ilriir.

on tlir'Itli ..f.Marrh K

APPENDIX. 435

he had received considerable sums, at different times, from the Ex-
chequer, for fitting up the new Botanic garden in Leith Walk, and
craving to have the 25 per annum promised by the Council paid,
due for the year preceding the 1st of May last. The Town-Council,
considering that as Dr. Hope is still in possession of the Physic
garden at the new Port, whereof the rent is 5 per annum, and of
the gardener's house, valued at 6 yearly, he can be entitled only to
14 yearly, until he cede these to the city. After such cession,
the city treasurer is authorized to begin and continue to pay him
the 25 annually.

13<A November. Mr. John Erskine of Carnock, Advocate, re-
signs his office of Professor of Scots Law. Intimation ordered to
be given to the Advocates, that they may send a leet of two to the
Council. Thanks voted to Mr. Erskine for his good services.

20th November. Mr. William Wallace resigns his joint Pro-
fessorship of Universal Civil History, etc., with Mr. Charles Maekie.

A leet from the Advocates of Mr. William Wallace and Mr. Hay
Campbell, Advocates. Mr. Wallace chosen in place of Mr. Erskine
resigned.

4th December. Mr. Charles Mackie resigns in toto. His resig-
nation accented, and this to be intimated to the Dean and Faculty
of Advocates.

Ylth December. On a leet from the Advocates of Mr. William
Baillie and Mr. John Pringle, sent by the Advocates, Mr. John
Pringle is chosen by the Council in place of Mr. Mackie, Professor
of Universal Civil History, etc.

18th December. Commissions to Mr. Wallace and Mr. Pringle
read and signed in Council.

\bth January 1766. Petition from Principal Robertson, setting
forth that the want of a sufficient number of classes or rooms for
teaching had been long felt in the College, especially of late,
when the number of students had considerably increased, and pro-
posing that the walls of the old Library, now the Museum, should
be raised, to furnish more apartments above, viz., one for a Natural
Philosophy class, the other for an additional room to the Library.
Expense, 234, 11s. 4d. The consideration thereof recommitted
to the College committee, to cause execute the work.

5th February. College treasurer's account from Michaelmas
1764 to Michaelmas 1765 : Charge, including arrears, 1634,
lls. 9d. sterling; discharge, 1638, 19s. lO^d. ; balance due to
him, 4, 8s. l^ 2 d.

436 APPENDIX.

12//i February. Upon the resignation of Dr. John Rutherford,
the Council unanimously elect Dr. John Gregory 1 to be Professor
and Teacher of the Practice of Medicine. Thanks voted to Dr.
Rutherford for his long and faithful services, and the Lord Provost
to ask the favour of Dr. Rutherford that he would continue his
teaching for this course of his lectures till the same are finished.

SOth April. On Dr. Cullen's resignation of the Professorship of
Medicine and Chemistry, Dr. Joseph Black, late physician in Glas-
gow, 8 elected in his place, with privilege to examine candidates and
graduate them witli all the solemnity practised or done by the Pro-
fessors of Medicine in this or any other University whatsoever.

Dr. Cullen chosen Professor of the Institutions of Medicine, in
place of Dr. Robert Whytt, deceased.

VOL. LXXXII.

'27th August. Proposal to have a city chamberlain chosen, to
manage the city's money affairs. To act first as city treasurer.
Hugh Buchan elected.

17th September. Commissions to Dr. Cullen and Dr. Black read
and signed.

26M November. Chamberlain ordered to pay sums ^p tradesmen
for College repairs.

\Qth December. William Stewart chosen under- janitor, in place
of James Watson, deceased.

VOL. LXXXII I.

lil Xi-jtti'tnl,<>r 1707. David Wilkie. student of Divinity, Piv>-
bytery's Bursar.

H'tt/i December. Town-Council's College committee to meet
with a committee from tin- University about rebuilding the College.

i [Dr. John (Iiv^ory, who was born himself to the study of Medicine, and

at Abtniften, after pTBetfeblg Medk&M had succeeded Dr. ('ullen in tin- I'ni-

atnl Surgery in his native city, settled vcrsity of (JIasjrow in tin- < 'licinical

in Kdinburj/h in 17*!;". when- he soon Chair. He ::!M> <leliv<-n -d lecti;.

rose to emincnre. ami obtained a lar^e the Institutes of Medicine in that rni-

I'Hiitice. He did not occupy the chair versity. lie died on the 'JlJth of No-

wliieh he adorned many y.-ais. having venilier 17'.'1'. in the se\ < nly-th I

i the I'Uh f I'VbiuaiA 177:!. in of his airc. His life was \\rittm by

I his ap 1 . His Trofessor .John Mol>ison, \\lio edited

itti-li b\ I.OM! \Voodhonselee. is llis 1,-rti. . Sec

a skct.'l, ,f his Lite by Dr. Adam
;isoii. in Transjictioiis o! tin :

[Dr. Illa.k, n .elrbi.-ited for his Society oi Kditib,u;_'h. vol. v. j.].. KH-
diCOVf! li-tiy. had devoted 117.]

APPENDIX. 437

23d December. Report from the committee. The accommoda-
tion, the various apartments, and the dimensions of each apart-
ment, to be concerted by the Professors, that architects may be
desired to prepare plans and estimates. Subscription papers to be
sent to London, as many of the most wealthy and considerable per-
sons, both of our own country and of the southern part of the
Island, are assembled at London during the meeting of Parliament,
and as subscriptions may be expected from both ; many Englishmen
of rank and opulence being now connected with the University of
Edinburgh.

Sederunt the above committee :

COLLEGE COMMITTEE. Councillor Simpson.

Bailie Miller, Preses. Deacons Butter and Paterson.
Dean of Guild Leannonth.

Old Bailie Wright. FROM THE UNIVERSITY.

Old Dean of Guild Dairy mple. Principal Robertson.

Old Treasurer Hogg. Professor Hamilton.

Mr. Nicol, second Merchant Professor Wallace.

Councillor. Professor Russell.

Mr. Cleland, second Trades' Dr. Gregory.

Councillor.

Subscription paper inserted in Town -Council Records.
(N.B. In the subscription paper, four Faculties are acknow-
ledged by the Town- Council, those of Theology, Law, Medicine,
and Arts.) Council approve of the intended scheme, in which the
interest of the community was so much concerned. In the sub-
scription paper it is said that " a great many students resort from
all parts of his Majesty's dominions, as well as from foreign coun-
tries, to the University of Edinburgh," but that " the buildings in
the said University are extremely mean and inconvenient, and
several of them in a very ruinous condition." The proposal was
to " provide a Library-room, a Museum, a Hall, and proper
school or teaching-rooms for the several classes, as well as houses
for the Principal and Professors." This, it is added, would be of
national advantage, and tend to encourage literature, and to pro-
mote the nourishing state of the University.

~LQth February 1768. Fourteen bursars chosen.

VOL. LXXXIV.
1st June. Dr. John Hope resigns the office of Professor of

438 APPENDIX.

Materia Mcdiea, a branch of the Professorship of Botany, which
la-r. however, he retains, with all the salaries he had hitherto en-
joyed, by a commission from the Town-Council, when chosen at
lirst Professor of Botany, April 29, 1701.

The Provost at the same time produced in Council a commission
from his Majesty, of date May 23, 1768, nominating and appoint-
ing Dr. Francis Home to be Regius Professor of Materia Medica
in the University of Edinburgh.

Accept Dr. Hope's resignation, and disjoin the Professorship of
Materia Medica from Botany, and admit the said commission from
his Majesty in favour of Dr. Home, under the usual reservation.
They then proceed to elect, nominate, and appoint Dr. Francis
Home to be Professor of Medicine and Materia Medica. with all
rights, etc., as any other Professor, and order a commission to be
made out in his favour. Bailie Hepburn to install Dr. Home. 1

Jo/A July. Petition of Professor James Robertson, Professor of
Hebrew, and Librarian, in relation to his expense in making the
Alphabetical Catalogue. He sets forth that he soon perceived that
it would be impossible for one man to do the business of the Lib-
rary, after the new regulations, and at the same time to write a
catalogue of the books so soon as was absolutely necessary, to render
the Library useful for the students ; he therefore hired an assistant
.Vr. Duke Gordon), at 15 per annum, with board, and also three,
and sometimes four, students, to be employed with himself, at five
shillings per week, who for the most part dined with him during
the carrying on of this work : That he having in the years ITtio
ami 1714 finished one copy of a catalogue of all the books contained
in tin- traiiM rihfd a fair copy thereof to lie in the Library:

That in consequence of a representation by Principal Robertson, he
had then received 00 sterling from the Town-Council : That in
17U and 17<i">. he proceeded to cut down the first Catalogue, which
was written only on one lar^e pa^ 1 : and then, with the aid of his
.nit, ami the students employed still at the same weekly ex-
. to write an Alphabetical Catalogue, which he has now finished,
in f'> ; He hoped, therefore, that the patrons would

1 (I' i il'.inr. luim r.n tin- irito afterwards became Profeesor of the

n.l.i-i- 171'.', was tin- third 1'rartin- >f Mi-ilirinr. II. ilinl on the

" "' . in l")1li of i'Yl'inaiy 1M:',. at tin- ailvain-i-il

irk. In 1. .,f niiirtv-thw \i-ars anl tlnvr

-nc- month*. He \\;is tin- author ol \

n. IM. .laiiu"- Home. \vork-. |

APPENDIX. 439

consider the Necessity and utility of this work, often enjoined to his
predecessors, but never before accomplished, and the great expense
attending it, and the time and great labour expended upon it. In
consequence of his having finished the said catalogues, and the late
regulations made anent the management of the Library, there had
been an accession of books, amounting to 1100 sterling, since the
commencement of that necessary work. During the two first years
he had no salary. Praying therefore for a reward and recompense.

The facts are attested in a letter to the Town-Council, dated
April 29, 1768, by Principal Robertson, by whom Professor
Robertson is recommended for his great industry.

11 emitted to the College committee. Bailie Hepburn reports
favourably, finding a balance due to the petitioner of 85, 8s. lid.
sterling. The Council order this sum to be paid. The Provost
authorized to return thanks to Professor Eobertson, and further,
a gratification of seventy guineas to be allowed him for his own
trouble.

14th September. Chamberlain's College account from Michaelmas

1766 to Martinmas 1767 : His charge, with arrears, 1405,
8s. 5^d. ; his discharge, 1816, 10s. 5^d. ; balance, paid by the
chamberlain out of the city's proper revenue, 411, 2s. 0-^d.

12^ October. Committee on College affairs.

VOL. LXXXV.

12^ April 1769. On petition of Dr. Cullen, the town allow him
and Dr. John Gregory to teach alternately the Theory and Practice
of Physic during their joint lives or incumbencies ; reserving to the
Town- Council the full right, upon the death of either of them, or
their otherwise quitting their profession, to fill up the vacancy as
if the said appointment had never been made.

15th September. Chamberlain's College accounts from Martinmas

1767 to Martinmas 1768 : Charge, including arrears depending in
last account, 1095, 4s. 9^d. sterling ; discharge, 1801, 7s. 3^d. ;
balance, paid by him out of the city's revenue, 706, 2s. 6^d.

VOL. LXXXVI.

2Qth December. Alexander Wardrop, student of Divinity, sou
of Alexander Wardrop, in the parish of Whitburn, preferred to the
Bursary of Divinity, on Convener Wardrop's Mortification.

'24th January 1770. Petition of Dr. Robert Ramsay, setting

440 APPENDIX.

forth that he had been appointed by the King Regius Professor
of Natural History on the 13th of March 1767, with a salary
of 70 per annum, and Keeper of the Museum in the University,
and praying to be admitted Professor, under the usual reservation
of the town's right in the case of Regius Professors, and to be
appointed by the town Keeper of the Museum with a commission
from them. Granted, on condition he conform to all the regulations
of the town, and deliver to the clerk a full list or inventory of all
the curiosities or rarities belonging to the University. 1

28th February. Council appoint the Dean of Guild and his
Council to admit and receive Dr. Robert Ramsay to be burgess
and guild-brother of this city, for good services done by him to the
interest thereof.

VOL. LXXXVII.

29/A August. Chamberlain's College account from Martinmas
1768 to Martinmas 1769 : Charge, including arrears, 901, 10s. ;
discharge, 1837, 17s. 8 T 7 ^d. ; balance, paid by the chamberlain
out of town's revenue, 936, 7s. 8 y.,d.

iQth December. On a presentation of Captain Ninian Lewis,
heir to the deceased Robert Lewis, M.D., Edinburgh, Mr. Archibald
Smellie, schoolmaster in Lanark, appointed to the Bursary of Philo-
sophy, on the united Mortifications of M'Caul and Wright, lately
possessed by Alexander Wilson.

MM.. lAXXVIII.

February 1771. On presentation of William Livingston
of Parkhall, Andrew Bonnet, son to the deceased John Bonnet.
surgeon in Falkirk, appointed Bursar of Philosophy, on Mitchell
of .Mitchills Mortification.

1 \lh September. Chamberlain's College account from Martinmas
17*>! to .Martinmas 1770: Charge, including arrears, '.''J'J. !<>>.
S 1 tf j d. ; discharge, X'L"J 7'.'. 8s, H,-\d. ; balance, paid by the cham-
l.rrlain out of th.- oty'l revenue. i:i:>li. L3. 'J^d.

"20th Nni'cnJ^r. The city chamberlain authorized to write a
l.-tter to tin- ciders of Xanio-c. in Poland, intimating the vacancy of
a Polish student on Brown's Mortification, there having been for
is no I'oli.-h student on the said .Mortification.

' (Dr. U.-uim.-iy .linl on 11,,- l.ltli of I), romWr 1778.]

APPENDIX. 441

VOL. LXXXIX.

llth December. A Latin letter, signed Hugo Buchan, to the
Consistory of Zamose in Poland, inviting them to send a Polish
student to the College of Edinburgh, on Brown's Mortification.

29th July 1772. Chamberlain's College account from Martinmas
1770 to Martinmas 1771 : Charge, including arrears, 957, Is.
5^d. ; discharge, 2721, 12s. 2 I ? 5 d. ; balance paid by the cham-
berlain out of the city's revenue, 1764, 10s. 9^d.

VOL. xc.

December. A letter read from Mr. Robert Hunter, Pro-
fessor of Greek in this city's University, stating his having given
private colleges in the Greek language in the city of Edinburgh
for ten years ; arid then, on the presentation of the Council, accept-
ing of the Greek Professorship, though at that time, and for several
years after, without a salary ; and his having held for thirty years
that office, he hoped to the satisfaction of all concerned ; and now
wishing, as he was so far advanced in years, to retire, he proposed
Mr. Andrew Dalzel, present tutor to the Earl of Lauderdale's sons,
for a colleague and successor.

The Council remit to the Principal and Faculty of the College,
to consider if it would be advisable for the Council to grant the
commission, as desired ; also to report with respect to Mr. Dalzel's
qualifications for the -said office.

The Lord Provost also produced in Council the minutes and re-
port of the said Faculty, as follows :

" COLLEGE OP EDINBURGH, December 10, 1772.

" Present at a University meeting, Principal Robertson, Pro-
fessors George Stuart, Hunter, Robertson, Cumming, Ferguson,
Young, Blair, and Russell. The meeting being constituted by
prayer by Principal Robertson, preses, the Principal laid before
the Faculty a letter from the Lord Provost, enclosing a letter from
Mr. Robert Hunter, Professor of Greek, addressed to the Magis-
trates and Town- Council, wherein he represents, that having dis-
charged the office of Greek Professor in this University, for upwards
of thirty years, to the best of his abilities, and he hopes, not without
success, and the approbation of the public, he now finds from his
advanced age that retirement from the labour of teaching would be

442 APPENDIX.

a great relief to him, and therefore resigns his office into the hands
of the Magistrates and Town- Council ; requesting that Mr. Andrew
Dalzel, whom he judges well qualified for the office, may be elected
conjunct Professor with him ; and that the Magistrates and Town-
Council had remitted it to the Faculty of the College to consider
if it would be advisable for the Council to comply with the said re-
quest, and also to report concerning Mr. Dalzel's qualifications for
the office.

" The Principal, and several of the Professors present, informed
the meeting that they were acquainted with Mr. Dalzel, and had
such an opinion of his literature, abilities, and prudence, that they
judged him well qualified for the office. Professor Hamilton, who
was absent, sent a letter to the meeting, expressing his approbation
of Mr. Dalzel, to the same purpose. But the Faculty, in order that
they might communicate to their honourable patrons the most satis-
factory evidence concerning Mr. Dalzel's abilities, appointed Princi-
pal Robertson, Professors Hamilton, George Stuart, and Ferguson,
to meet at twelve o'clock Saturday next, as a committee of their
number, to examine Mr. Dalzel, and to take trial of his knowledge
in the Latin and Greek languages, and to report to a meeting of
Faculty, appointed to be held on Monday the 14th current, at twelve
o'clock forenoon."

" COLLEGE, EDINBURGH, December 14, 1772.

"Present at a University meeting, Principal Robertson, Pro-
fessors Hamilton, G. Stuart, Hunter, Robertson, Gumming, Russell.
Blair, and Black. The meeting being constituted by prayer by
Principal Robertson, preses, the Principal laid before the Faculty
a report from the committee appointed by last meeting, the tenor
whereof foBoWB : k Collcye, Edinburgh, 1'lth December 177'J. In
obedience to the appointment of the Faculty, we took trial of Mr.
Dal/el's knowledge in the Latin and Greek languages, at consider-
able length. He read and explained several passages of different
Latin and (I rock authors, in prose as well as verse, and gave such
>;ifi>t;ictory aiiMvrrs tn the questions proposed to him. that we do
r-|i-irt it a- our opinion, that he is well qualified for the station of
Prot'osor ill i reek in the l"nivci>ity. . Signed * \\'II,UAM ROBERT-
Km, EtOBUn II \MII.T-. \. QftOMl Sn AKT, ADAM FERGUSON.'

" Tn consideration of which, as well as from the personal know

which many '1 tin- members have of Mr. Dftlzel's character.

the faculty d<> unanimously offer it as their opinion, that Mr. Mal/el

i- \\tll -jualitied fur the office of Greek: and if their honourable

APPENDIX. 44:;

patrons shall judge it proper to elect him, they are persuaded the
nomination will be beneficial to the University.

" They are likewise of opinion that the long and meritorious ser-
vices of their colleague, Professor Hunter, should induce their
honourable patrons to grant him a recess from the labour of teach-
ing, in the terms of his request. Signed at Edinburgh College,
December the 14th, 1772 years, by order of the Faculty, WILLIAM
ROBERTSON, Principal ; JAMES ROBERTSON, Acad. Clericus."

These minutes of College being read, the Council approve, and
accept of Mr. Hunter's resignation, and elect him and Mr. Dalzel
joint Professors of Greek, with the right of survivancy to the longest
liver of them two.

23d December. Commission to Mr. Hunter and Mr. Dalzel
signed in Council. They compear and qualify. The College
Bailie to install them.

Yith February 1773. Resignation of Dr. Cullen as Professor of
the Institutes of Medicine accepted. He is chosen Professor of the
Practice of Medicine, in place of Dr. John Gregory, deceased. The
College Bailie to install him.

The Council agree, at the desire of the elders at Zamose, in
Poland, to transmit 15 sterling, as a viaticum for a Polish student
to come hither on Brown's Mortification.

3d March. Commission to Dr. Cullen read and signed in Council.

21s April. The Council appoint the Lord Provost to write to
Dr. William Robertson, desiring him to convene the Medical Faculty
of the College, to give their opinion which of the following candi-
dates is most fit for being Professor of the Institutes of Medicine,
vacant by Dr. Cullen's resignation, viz., Dr. Gregory Grant, Dr.
Buchan, 1 Dr. Rutherford, Dr. Duncan, and Dr. Monro Drummond.
Bond by Dr. Cullen produced in Council, whereby he obliged him-
self, upon obtaining the office of first Physician to his Majesty in
Scotland, to pay to the Professor of Chemistry, and the Professor
of the Institutions of Physic in the University, one -third to each of
the salary annexed to that office after deducting all expenses.

5th May. Upon the report of the Medical Faculty in favour of
Dr. Alexander Monro Drummond, 2 he is elected Professor of the
Institutions of Medicine, in place of Dr. Cullen, resigned.

SQth June. Greek class to be repaired. Estimate, 19, Is. 8d.

i [Dr. William Buchan, author of the of Edinburgh, in which his father was
" Domestic Medicine.") a bookseller, was at this time at Naples.

- [Dr. Prummond, a native of the city See extract. 12th June 1776.]

444 APPENDIX.

VOL. xci.

21th October. The Lord Provost informed the Council that the
Professors had prevailed on Dr. Home to teach the Institutes of
.Medicine till Dr. Drummond's return from abroad; and on Dr.
Ferguson to give lectures on Experimental Philosophy during the
vacancy of that office by the death of Dr. Russell. Council ap-
prove of what the Professors of the University had done.

19<A January 1774. Mr. John Stevenson, Professor of Logic
and Metaphysics in the University, 1 gives in a letter proposing to
resign, and recommending Mr. John Bruce to be his colleague and
successor. 8 Stevenson states that he had been Professor for forty-
five sessions.

The Council authorize the Provost to write to the Principal, to
know if, in the opinion of the Faculty of the College, this proposal
would be for the advantage of the College, and their opinion of Mr.
Bruce's qualifications.

26M January. A favourable report as to Mr. Bruce. He and
Mr. Stevenson chosen joint Professors of Logic and Metaphysics,
with the right of survivancy to the longest liver of them two.

16th February. Professor Ferguson requests that, as he had an
offer to go abroad with a young nobleman, 3 he may be allowed to
name persons to teach his classes during the remainder of the
session ; and recommends Dr. James Lind for the Natural Philo-
sophy class, and the Rev. Mr. Henry Grieve, at Dalkeith, for the
Moral Philosophy.

The Council refuse, and order that Professor Ferguson shall )>o
directed to teach himself what remains of the session.

9M March. Committee to whom it had been committed, by
minute of last sedenmt (March 'Ji. to consider of a proper person

1 [I'rotVv- ii died in 177". -[Mr. Bruce, his successor, occupied

at an advanced age. During the long this chair till 17!'-, when lie removed

period of his proftMOnbip, lie had to London, win-re lie held the nppoint-

t rained up a greater miinlx-r of young ment of Keep, r of tl,e St.,;.' Paper

mm, who afterward* distinguished Ollice. and other (loverninent situa-

:n the republic ol' letters, tions. He died at 1.- Falk-

than any former I'rofe^or ,,f the Cni- land, in FilYshire, on the Mill ol

. He I.-ft his lilnaiy to the iMi'J. in the ei- of his

commemorated liy

.1- Dal/< 1 in his account of Duke 3 [This was the Earl of Chesterfield ;

Gordon; l>y Dr. Krskine in A|>i>eiidix and Fer-uson, notwithstanding the re-

to l:i- S. nimi |> n'sdeath; fr.sal of t lie T<>\\ n-( 'oiuicil to grant him

by Dt. C.'arlyle in hit Autobiography ; leave (f alisi : j anii-d this

ami ly the i merville in his nul.K-niau in his tra\i-ls on the Coii-

"| tim-nt 1

APPENDIX. 445

to be Professor of Natural Philosophy, report, that of all the candi-
dates, Mr. John Robison, Professor of Mathematics and Natural
Philosophy at Cronstadt, in Russia, 1 appears to them fittest. Upon
which he is chosen, in place of Mr. James Russell, deceased. Bailie
Brown to write to Mr. Robison.

1th September. Mr. John Robison appears in Council, accepts
his office, qualifies, and to be installed by the College Bailie.

~L4th September. Chamberlain's College account, from Martin-
mas 1772 to Martinmas 1773 : Charge, including arrears, 1248,
11s. 10 T 8 g d. ; discharge, 3266, Is. S^d. ; balance due to the
chamberlain, which had been paid by him out of the city's proper
revenue, 2017, 9s. 9^d.

VOL. xcn.

26th October. Mr. John Bruce, joint Professor of Logic, ap-
pointed to teach the Moral Philosophy class in the absence of Pro-
fessor Ferguson, and Dr. Andrew Duncan, Physician in Edinburgh, 2
to teach the Institutes of Medicine, in the absence of Dr. Alexander
Monro Drummond, with the proviso, that this shall give neither of
those gentlemen any claim of preference to any other gentleman in
case of a vacancy.

bth April 1775. The Council considering that, upon the 16th
of February 1774, they had refused an application of Mr. Adam
Ferguson, Professor of Pneumatics and Moral Philosophy in this
city's University, wherein he had requested that he might be allowed
to substitute proper persons, in what remained of his business in
the College that winter, and also considering, that notwithstanding
thereof he has deserted his office, and come under engagements
incompatible with his discharging the duties thereof, and the act of

1 [Robison was born in the year 1739, of the Royal Society of Edinburgh,

at Boghall, in the parish of Balderuock, vol. vii. pp. 495-539.]

in the coimty of Stirling ; the property 2 [After teaching this class during

of his father, who had been a successful the present and following session, Dr.

merchant in Glasgow. He was intended Duncan continued his lectures out of

by his father for the clerical profession ; the College. In 1776, he had the

but his own taste strongly inclined him honour of founding the Edinburgh Dis-

to the cultivation of science. Previously pensary ; and on the 30th of Decem-

to his appointment at Cronstadt, which ber 1789 he was appointed to the Chair

took place in 1772, Robison was Pro- of the Theory of Medicine upon the re-

fessor of Chemistry in the University signation of Dr. James Gregory, who

of Glasgow, having succeeded Dr. Black was elected colleague to Dr. Cullen in

in 1766. He died on the 30th of Janu- the Professorship of the Practice of Phy-

ary 1805. See Biographical Account sic. He died on the 5th of July 1828,

by Professor Playfair, in Transactions in the eighty-fourth year of his age.]

441". Al'I'KNIHX.

the 23d of May 1764, electing Mr. A<l:im Ferguson into the said
office being read : The Council Did, and hereby Do, rescind the
said act of Council, with all that has followed thereupon, and de-
clared the said office of Professor of Pneumatics and Moral Philo-
sophy in the University of this city vacant.

24th May. The Lord Provost, from his committee, in pursu-
ance of the remittance to them last Council day, to take the letter
from Mr. Adam Ferguson, late Professor of Pneumatics and Moral
Philosophy, dated Blackheath, 21st April last, into consideration.
and to bring in a report upon the whole, reported, That after the
bill of suspension, in name of Mr. Ferguson, had been given in. a
memorial on the subject had been laid before Mr. Bobert M 'Queen
and Mr. Robert Blair, Advocates, who had given a signed opinion,
which was herewith laid before the Council ; and it was the opinion
of the committee that the Council should resolve to assert their
rights, and support their act of the 5th of April last, declaring the
office of Professor of Pneumatics and Moral Philosophy vacant.
which, the lawyers have given their opinion, proceeded on just
grounds, as the report under the hand of the Lord Provost 1-
Which being considered by the Magistrates and Council, they ap-
proved of the said report, and resolved accordingly.

7th June. Upon petition of the Speculative Society, 1 the Town-
Council allow them a piece of ground, twelve feet by eighteen, for
enlarging the hall which the Council formerly allowed them, June
1769. to build within the College, to be solely appropriated to the
use of the society ; and which was built accordingly.

Chamberlain reported that he had paid to Mr. John Bruce, who
had taught the .'Moral Philosophy el ass in the College last winter, the
half year's salary, due at "Whitsunday la>t. The ( 1 onneil approve.
and authorize the chamberlain to pay to Mr. Bruce tin- current
half-year's salary that shall be due at Martinmas next.

\\tliJnnc. On the resignation of Dr. Matthew Stewart. Pro

i of Mathematics. In- and his son, Mr. Dugald Stewart,
conjoined in that iVi<-.-. with tin- benefits of survivancy.

|Th- S|.eeulative Soeiety was insii- -|Mr. Ihmald Stewart aitenvanls

titled in 17i;i l,y -j\ student^ of tin- I. ..--mil' Professor of M,,r:il Philosophy
'.'>r their mutual improve- in tin- l~nl\ eisit y. lie and Di

;tion ami in pul>li<- gptton, who occupied the Chair of Moral
j.ered tViim the lirst. Philosophy, having a-ned |o ex-
nnd has continued to be eminently n-e i lhip8, I he new arrangement

fill. See"HMo,y of the S],e, lllat i ve took j-lare on thelMh of Mas

fcUnbttrgh." Kdinl.. is i:,. v.hrn Mr. St.--,

; of M.,I:I| rhiloM.jiliy. and !:.

APPENDIX. 447

21s/ June. A letter of resignation presented from Mr. George
Stuart, Professor of Humanity. Accepted, and the office declared
vacant. Bailie William Trotter, and Convener Thomas Simson,
appointed delegates, to meet with the delegates from the College of
Justice, the Lords of Session, Faculty of Advocates, and Writers
to the Signet, to elect a successor to Mr. Stuart.

28 th June. Read in Council an extract of the election of Dr.
George Stuart, and Mr. John Hill, Professor of Humanity in the
University of St. Andrews, 1 to be joint Professors of Humanity.
Minute of election, dated Advocates Library, June 28, 1775. The
delegates from the Lords of Session were Lord Justice-Clerk
(Thomas Miller), and Lord Stonefield ; from the Town-Council as
before ; from the Faculty of Advocates, Henry Dundas, Lord
Advocate ; and from the Writers to the Signet, Mr. John M'Kenzie,
depute-keeper of the Signet.

Town- Council elect accordingly.

Messrs. Andrew Dalzel, John Bruce, Dugald Stewart, and John
Hill, all Professors of the University, made burgesses and guild
brethren of this city.

19/7? July. Provost to write to Dr. Alexander Monro Drum-
mond, giving him notice to attend his duty in the College against
the next winter session.

VOL. xcni.

30th August. The Lord Provost acquainted the Council, that
not being able to obtain any certain intelligence where Dr. Alex-
ander Monro Drummond, whom the Council, in May 1773, had
elected Professor of the Institutions of Medicine, when he was abroad
in his travels, was to be found, in order to give him intimation to
attend his class, as directed by an act of Council, 19th July last,
he had caused make out a memorial and queries to be laid before
the city's lawyers for their advice, which he produced, with the
answers or opinion of the Lord Advocate, the Solicitor- General,
Mr. David Rae, and Mr. Robert Blair, Advocates ; which being

Ferguson Avas conjoined with the Rev. Sir William Hamilton, Professor of

John Playfair in the Mathematical Logic in the University.]

Chair. Having obtained in 1810 Dr. 1 [Professor Hill was a native of St.

Thomas Brown as his colleague, Mr. Andrews, where his father was minister.

Stewart retired from his academical He died on the 7th of December 1805.

duties. He died in 1828, in the seventy- He wrote a Life of Dr. Hugh Blair,

fifth year of his age. His collected which was published as a posthumous

works have been edited by the late work in 1807.]

448 APPENDIX.

read in Council, they approved of what the Lord Provost had done,
and remitted to the present and old Magistrates and Council to con-
sider the matter and report.

6/7* September. Upon report of the Lord Provost from the com-
mittee, the Council resolve not to allow the Chair of the Institu-
tions of Medicine to be kept vacant longer than another session.
And if Dr. Drummond does not appear to accept the said office
before the term of Whitsunday next, it shall be declared vacant,
and then supplied without loss of time. And order copies of
this resolution to be delivered to Dr. Drummond's relations, and
also transmitted to himself by letters addressed under cover to
Sir Robert Harris, at the office of the London Exchange Banking
Company.

Dr. Robertson's house to be painted, papered, etc., at 32,
2s. 2|d.

Dr. Duncan appointed to teach the Institutes of Medicine another
session.

20/A September. Chamberlain's College account from Martinmas
1773 to Martinmas 1774 : Charge, exclusive of arrears depending
in last account, 320, 16s. 6d. ; discharge, 3140, 15s. 3j^d. ;
balance due to the chamberlain, which has been paid by him out of
the proper revenue, 2819, 18s. 3 T Vd.

13/A March 1776. The Council allow Professor John Hill to
possess his present house in the College, rent free, for three years,
after \Vhitsunday next, on condition of his repairing it at his own
expense.

10M April. The Lord Provost reported that he had written to
Dr. Drummond, enclosing the act of Council, and directed his letter
in the manner thereby appointed, etc.

*//* Mat/. Prot'essor Dujruld Stewart allowed to possess his pre-
sent hm>r in the ( 'ollrjre. rent five, for three years, after Whitsunday
next, on his satisfying the Council at the end of that period that he
xpended to the amount of the whole rent upon ivpairing the
home.

\'llh Jun<>. Tn consequence of a letter from Sir William Hamil-
ton, his Majesty's resident at the Court of Naples, dated 14th May
last, to I>r. Uanisay. which was read in Council, the Council con-
clude that Dr. A. Munro Dnmnnond is not to accept of the Pro-
fessorship <>f the Institute of Medicine, therefore they declare the
office vacant.

Ill/// Jinn-. I >r .l:mi.- ( i regory, physician in Edinburgh, elected

APPENDIX. 44'J

Professor of the Institutes of Medicine, 1 in> place of Dr. William
Cullen, late Professor thereof.

VOL. xciv.

28^ August. Chamberlain's account of the College revenue for
the year, to wit, from Martinmas 1774 to Martinmas 1775: His
charge, inclusive of arrears, 592, 5s. 8 j^-d. ; his discharge,
3886, 8s. lOyJd. ; balance due to the chamberlain, paid by him
out of the city's proper revenue, 3294, 3s. 2 T \d.

VOL. xcv.

5th March 1777. The committee on College affairs reported
that they had considered a missive from Professor Hamilton, with
the regulations proposed by him to be observed in disposing of
Divinity bursaries, and were of opinion that the following regulations
should be established and observed in time coming : Is/, That no
petition for a Divinity bursary be received, unless accompanied with
a certificate from the Professor of Divinity, or, in his absence, from
the Principal, or from two at least of the other Professors, that the
petitioner is a student of Divinity at the College of Edinburgh, and
qualified to enjoy the bursary applied for ; and, Zd, That no payment
be made unless a certificate be produced by the student from the Pro-
fessor of Divinity, or, in his absence, from the Principal, or any two
of the other Professors, bearing that the bursar attends the Divinity
sessions. The Council approved of the said report, and appointed
these regulations to be strictly observed for the future in disposing
of Divinity bursaries.

2d April. The Council desire Professor Robison to condescend
on the most necessary instruments needed for experiments, that
they may judge how far they can go in purchasing any of them.

16th April. Professor Robison gives in a list of instruments,
of which he asserts many are absolutely necessary, and offers to
purchase them all immediately, if the town would allow him 300,

i [Dr. James Gregory, the eldest son though, like his colleagues in the Medi-

of Dr. John Gregory, noticed before (p. cal Chairs, he lectured in English. He

436, note), attained to great eminence succeeded Dr. Cullen in the Professor-

as a physician and a Professor. He ship of the Practice of Medicine in 17!'".

published a text-book for his students, He died on the 2d of April 1821, in the

entitled, " Conspectus Medicinaj Theo- sixty-eighth year of his age.]
." which he wrote in Latin, al-

2 F

450 APPENDIX.

to be paid 100 annually during three years ; or, if the Council
will furnish as many, he will accept of .220 to be paid as above.

Remit to the present and old magistrates and convener to do
therein as they shall see cause.

30/A April. On report of the committee, the Council allow
Professor Robison 300, to be paid him by instalments, on con-
dition that he show, from time to time, evidence of instruments
being bought equal to the sums paid, and become bound, he and
his heirs, that they shall all be produced at his leaving his office.

II th June. Mr. Hill allowed a part of the Museum for a Hu-
manity class.

Upon the application of Professors Dalzel and Stewart, 20
allowed for fitting up the Greek class, so as to allow the Mathe-
matics to be also taught in it. Expense not to exceed 20 sterling.

ISth June. Mr. Adam Ferguson, Professor of Moral Philosophy,
allowed a seat in the Tron Church.

I6th July. The petition and representation of Dr. Monro,
setting forth that, nearly sixty years ago, the Magistrates appointed
Professors to teach the several branches of Medicine on the plan
of the then most celebrated University of Leyden ; that, in the year
1720, his father was elected Professor of Anatomy, who, in imita-
tion of the practice of Leyden, then taught, and from that time con-
tinued to teach yearly Anatomy and Surgery in one connected course
of demonstrations and lectures, and was universally considered as Pro-
fessor of both branches ; that, in 1754, he was appointed his father's
colleague and successor, and, from 1759, had conducted the whole
course of lectures, and assisted and continued to adopt the general
plan pursued by his father, comprehending Surgery with Anatomy ;
that the teaching of Surgery has been understood to belong to his
office, yet the commission granted to him and his father as joint
Professors of Anatomy, makes no mention of Surgery, probably
resulting from the supposition that it was comprehended under that of
Anatomy: Craves a new commission, expressly bearing him to be
IWr.^or of Medicine, and particularly of Anatomy and Surgery.
Granted.

VOL. xcvi.

*fh April ITT"'. Two James Frascrs, one son of James Fr

;iry of tlie Hank of Scotland, and the other son of
Mr. <K-or:. mini>t. r !' the <:<}>el at Moncdie, in Perth-

APPENDIX. 451

shire, appointed bursars, for three years, on the Mortification of
Thomas Fraser, writer in Edinburgh, and of the city clerk's office
there, on the presentation of John Spottiswood, Esq., Robert Grant
and John Fraser, both Writers to the Signet, three and a quorum
of the trustees appointed by the said deceased Thomas Fraser.

24th June. Upon petition, the above term of three years pro-
longed to five, as the Mortification bears that Eraser's bursars are
to hold it for a whole course of the College (which, as was well
known, took up the space of five years), and for three years there-
after, upon their making choice of the profession of Divinity, Law,
or Physic.

9th September. Chamberlain's College account : Charge, in-
cluding arrears : 295, 9s. 8d. ; discharge, 5461, 7s. 4J-d. ;
balance, paid by the chamberlain out of the city's revenue, 5175,
17s. 8Hd.

4th November. Presented and read in Council a letter from
Professor Joseph Black, addressed to the Lord Provost. As trustee
for Professor Ferguson in his absence, Mr. Black thought it his
duty to acquaint his Lordship and the honourable Town-Council,
that although when Mr. Ferguson embarked for America, where
he is now in his Majesty's service, 1 he was fully persuaded that he
should return home before the beginning of the approaching session
of the College ; it now appears that some part of the winter may
elapse before he can return to this country, and perform the duties
of his office as Professor in the University. This delay of his
return having been occasioned by causes which Mr. Ferguson
neither could foresee nor prevent, his friends hope that it will
be readily excused ; and they suggest that some other person should
be appointed to teach his class during his absence. Mr. Dugald
Stewart appointed to do so.

VOL. xcvni.

5th May 1779. Dr. Robertson allowed repairs to his house
to the extent of 18s. 10s. sterling.

1 [During the American war, Ferguson the beginning of the year 1778, to

wrote an answer to Dr. Price's work negotiate a peace with the Colonies ;

on Civil and Religions Liberty. This and Ferguson was appointed secretary

recommended him to the Government. to this commission. They landed in

The Avar being unpopular at home, America, but were refused a passport

and the British troops unsuecesful in to the seat of the American Govern-

America, five commissioners were ap- ment.]
pointed by the British Government, in

452 APPENDIX.

VI.

MR. CLEMENT LirriLL's 1 DEED OF CONVEYANCE OF HIS LIBRARY
TO THE TOWN- COUNCIL OF EDINBURGH FOR THE COL-
LEGE. (Page 345.)

At Edinburgh the fourtcnc day of October, the zeir of God
Ane thowsand fyve hundreth and fourescoir zciris.

THE QTJHILK DAY, in presence of Alexander Clerk of Balbirny.
provest of the burgh of Edinburgh, Alexander Vduart, Jamrs
Nicol, and Johnne Sym bailzeis, Johnne Harret dene of gylde
thairof, Johnne Adamesone, Henry Ncisbet, Johnne Jhonneetoun,
Lucas Wilsonc, Andro Stevinsone, Frances Kinlocli, Robert Bog.
Alexander Oustiane, and Eduard Galbraith of the counsale, Alex-
ander Oustiane tailzeoure, Gilbert Primrois chirurgianc, Eduardc
Hart goldsmyth, Patrik Broun skynnare, Johnne Richertsone said
lare, Johnne Harret baxter, Johnne Blythman flescheoure, Williamo
Stevinsoun wrycht, and Thomas Diksonc furroure, Compcrit Wil-
li;ime Littill, burges of the said burgh, brother and onlie executomv
constitute be vmquhile a richt honourable MAISTER CLEMENT LITILI.
aduocate, and ane of the Commissaris of Edinburgh ; and deela rit
quhow that his said vmquhile brother, vpoun the day of his d>
being of perfyte mynd, and considderring with himself that he wes
to be callit frome this lyfe to the mercies of God, and be the luiffing
affcctioun and greit zele borne be him to the Kirk of God, and to
flic aduaiicement of his worde, wcs justlie movit and maist cairfull
that the buikis and workis of holie gcripturis in grcit multitude
conqueist be him in his tyine suld nocht perische or be sepcratrd.
Left with anc luiiling hart and mynd his haill buikis and worlds of
Tin < .logic to the richt honourable and his natiuc tonn of Edinburgh.
and to the Kirk <>f (ind thairin. t( the effect and purjmis. that >ik
nis knawiii of honest conuersatioun and guid lyfe (and na
vthi.'ris). qiiliilkis ar and sail l.c willing to travi-11 and br 6X61
in the cstaif and vm-atinun of niinistcrir. or vtlu-r\v:iyis of dcwitir
rons, and -).rci;dlic sik p-rsnis a< ar or sail be of bluid to th<>
. inqiiliilc .Maist.-r Clement, fr tin- adium-rim-nt f the gloric
.f <;..d and his tn-w and sinr.-ir \\ordc ]rcichi( and pn-sniilic j.rn-

' | Mr. ('!rmi nt Litlill, Miii- i.fllii- Cmi:; ! Ivlinlmi^li. ili-l .n tin-

.uni-sari..! .-r K.liii!.,iiL'h, Krlinuiry "J". l."'-L' |

Al'I'ENDIX. 453

within this realme of Scotland, Sail at the plesoure and will
onlio of Maister James Lowsoun, now present minister of the said
burgh, or quhat sumeuir vther minister that salhappin to haue the
charge of [the] ministric and of the saidis buikis efter him and in
his place for the tyuie, haif fric access and ingress at all sik con-
venient times heireftir as the said minister present or to cum sajl
think guid and expedient, and [na] utherwayis, for reding and col-
lecting the fruitfull knowlege of the saidis buikis, as it sail pleis
God to distribute his graces to the reidaris; and ernestlie desyrit
his said brother for the performance heirof and deliuerance of the
vsaidis buikis : Conforine to the quhilk lattir Will, The said \Villiamc
Litill promitted the deliuerauce thairof, and hes preseutlie deliuerit
to the saidis provest baillies and counsale of the said burgh, the
.saidis buikis haill togidder, intituled according to the particulare
( Vitlmlog following ; and in euerie ane of thanie is prentit the armes
of the said vmquhile Maister Clement, with thir wordis,

I AM GEVIN TO EDINBVRGH & KIRK OF

GOD BE MAISTER CLEMENT LITIL.

THAIR TO REMAN. 1580.

[The Catalogue of books, amounting to " threttene scoir and
aucht buikis," which follows in this part of the Deed, along with
extracts from the Town-Council Records regarding Clement Littill's
bequest, are printed as a separate article in the " Miscellany of the
Maitland Club," vol. i. pp. 285-301.]

The quhilkis buikis the saidis Provest, baillies and counsale hes
presentlie ressauit fra the said WOliame ; and promittis faithfullie,
and obleisses thame and thair successouris, provest, baillies, and
counsale of the said burghe of Edinburgh for the tyrne, to the airis
of the said vmquhile Maister Clement, for the cairfull and faithfull
preserving and keiping of euerie ane of thame ; and that at na tyino
heireftir ony of the saidis buikis to be distributed, gevin, put away
or removed, athir be credeit or vthirwayis, furth of the duelling
house of the said Maister James Lowsone, as place appointit for
thaim to remaine. Nor that nanc of the saidis buikis salbe lent

454

nawyise furth of the said duelling hous quhair thaj ar presentlie put
in keiping, bot vpoun the conditioun contenit in the act of the de-
liuerance of thame to the said Maister James Lowsoun, be the
saidis Pro vest, baillies and counsale. And that compt quarterlie
sall>e tane of the saidis buikis as effeiris, sua that thaj may and sail
remane togidder in the said place appointtit thairto, to the effect
foirsaid, and in perpetuall memorie of the gude affectionate mynd
of the said vniquhile Maister Clement, to the singulare comforte of
the kirk of God and to all his faithful seruandis, vpoun the quhilkis
premissis the said Williame askit instrumentis.

And thaireftir the said day, in presence of the foirsaidis Pro'
baillies and counsale, comperit Maister James Lowsoun minister,
and grantit him to hauc ressauit reallie and with effect the particu-
lar buikis abone writtin, as is contenit in the Catalloge fra Williame
Littill, in name of the saidis Provest, baillies, and counsale, and to
have presentlie put, ordourit and layit the same in the house and
Librare maid and appointit to that effect : And thairfoir actit,
band and obleist himself for releif of the toun and discharging of
his dewitie in the credeit committit vnto him, to preserue and keip
the saidis buikis diligentlie and faithfullie, vnlent, vndisponit, or put
away to ony manor of persoune, according as the saidis provest,
baillies arid counsale hes bund and obleist thameselfes to the airis
of the said vmquhile Maister Clement, and to be ansourable for the
saidis buikis, and mak the same furthcumand to the saidis Provest,
baillies and counsale, and thair successouris, sua oft as he salbe re-
quyrit be thame thairto.

Kxtractit furth of the Counsale Book of the said burgh of
Kdinlmrgh be mo. Maister ALKXANDER GUTHHIE, comuioun
clerk of the samyn. Witnessing thairvnto my signne and
subscriptioun manuale.

[It may be noticed, that in completing the arrangements for
having the entire Library transferred to the New Collect- buildings
in the year 1827, it was thought proper to bring together t In-
various books which bore the above distinctive marks of having
originally belonged to Clement Littill; and these having Wn re-
honnd <r repaired, and stamped with his arms on the- sides, they
are ii"\v mo-: appropriately jlaeed in a separate apartment, along
with the rolltvfion uf >Ianii>eri|.t-. tlie I lawthorndeii books, and
other rarr

The following aztnd from tin- Conneil lu-gister relates to the

APPENDIX. 455

original transference of these books to the College, after the death
of Lawson :

18th September 1584.

Librarie. The same day Ordanis the Townis Librarie skelffis
and buirdis thairof to be transportet furth of the lugeing sumtyme
occupeit be Mr. James Lowsoun minister and sett up in the townis
College, in a hous convenient, at the sicht of Williame Littill bailzie,
Mild to be delyverit to Mr. Robert Rollok, Maister of the said Col-
lege, and he to be oblist to the custody thairof, siclyk as the said
Mr. James wes oblist of before. And ordanis the Thcsaurer to
inak the chairges of the transporting and upsetting thairof. quhilk
sail be allouit in his compts.]

YTT.

EDINBURGH COLLEGH;, June 8, 17'J8.

MEMORANDUMS for a History of the University of Edinburgh
from the year 1640, where the MS. History of Mr. Thomas Craw-
ford breaks off.

N.B. Of Mr. Thomas Crawford's History there is a copy in the
Advocates Library, in the handwriting of Mr. Matthew Crawford,
Regius Professor of Divinity and Church History, as appears from
a docquet at the conclusion. The original, from which this was
taken, belonged to Mr. Laurence Dundas, Professor of Humanity,
who had lent it to Mr. Matthew Crawford. It is probable that this
original is in the possession of Sir Thomas, now Lord Dundas,
whose father, the late Sir Laurence Dundas of Kerse, Bart., was
a nephew or near relation of the above Professor Laurence Dundas,
and inherited what fortune the Professor had left.

Another copy of this History belongs to the College Library, and
is in the handwriting of Mr. William Henderson, Librarian, and
bears in the title to have been given in to Mungo Wood, city
treasurer, the 15th of January 1673. Probably a duplicate was so
given in, and is now in the possession of the patrons of the College.

I can find no regular record or minutes of the transactions of
the College of Edinburgh, posterior to this History of Mr. Thomas
Crawford, till 14th of February 1733, with which date a folio volume,
of pretty regular minutes of the meetings of the Senatus Acadeinicus,
commences in the handwriting of Mr. John Stevenson, Professor

4r,(i APPENDIX.

of Logic, who acts as secretary till the '28th of May 1734 : and is
succeeded in that duty by Mr. John Ker, Professor of Humanity,
in whose hand the minutes are continued from the 4th of October
17o4 to the 29th of July 17o! : and in an unknown hand from the
23d of November 1739 to the Oth of April 1741. They are then
continued in the hand of Mr. Robert Hunter, Professor of Greek,
from the 26th of April 1741 to the 12th of November 1744; from
which date they are carried on by Dr. George Stuart, Professor
of Humanity, and Secretary and Librarian, but in too abridged a
manner, being partly in Professor Stuart's own hand, and partly
in that of his brother, Mr. Alexander Stuart, afterwards one of the
ministers of Westkirk ; and of some other person by the Professor's
direction, till the 10th of March 1763, when Dr. James Robertson,
Professor of Oriental Languages, enters upon the office of Secret;ir\
and Librarian, and carries on the record till the 25th of October
1785 ; after which Mr. Andrew Dalzel, Professor of Greek, being
conjoined with Professor Robertson in the office of Secretary and
Librarian, concludes the volume from the last- mentioned date, and
enters upon a new volume, July 31, 171*0.

A. D.

INDEX.

INDEX.

ABERCROMBY, George, Professor of Pub-
lic Law and Law of Nature and
Nations, 406.

Aberdeen, Bishop of, opposed to the
establishment of a College at Edin-
burgh, 3.

Aberdeen, George, Earl of, Lord Chan-
cellor, 212.

Aberdeen, King's College in, 5, 9, 152,
153, 262, 263 ; Marischal College
in, 153.

Abernethy, Adam ; his verses to the
memory of Principal Rollock re-
ferred to, 375.

Academy for Drawing, Room in College
granted to, 401."

Adam, Patrick, Janitor of the College,
138.

Adamson, Francis, Librarian, 154, 156,
164, 349.

Adamson, Henry, Provost of Perth, 29,
161.

Adamson, Mr. James, a candidate for
Professorship of Humanity, 99 ;
afterwards a minister in Ireland, ib.

Adamson, Mr. John, elected Regent of
Philosophy, 29, 41 ; becomes mini-
ster of North Berwick, 52, 55;
next of Libberton, 65 ; presides at
Disputation before James VI. at
Stirling Castle, 65, 67 ; elected
Principal of the College, 79, 91,
97, 102 ; Member of General As-
sembly at Glasgow in 1638, 110,
115, 117, 122, 126, 139, 141, 142,
149, 150, 151, 156, 346, 353, 358,
373 ; his death, 161-163, 331.

Aikenhead, David, Dean of Guild, 73 ;
Provost of Edinburgh, 77, 83, 90.

Aikenhead, Sir Patrick, 317.

Ainslie, Andrew ; his legacy to the Col-
lege, 132, 352, 390.

Ainslie, James ; his legacy to the Col-
lege, 80.

Airth, William, Earl of, 95.

Alexander, David ; his legacy to the
College, 71, 388.

Alexander, William, College Treasurer,
414.

Allan, Michael, merchant in Edinburgh,
313.

Alston, Dr. Charles, Professor of Medi-
cine and Botany, 407, 410, 413;
his death, 429.

Amedeus, Alexander, a Florentine, Pro-
fessor of Hebrew, 208, 211.

Anatomy, Professorship of, founded, 291,
343, 378, 425, 427, 450.

Andrews, Mr. George, one of the mini-
sters of Edinburgh, 273, 280.

Anna, Queen of James VI., 23.

Anne, Queen ; her Accession to the
Throne, 278, 294 ; her bounty for
increasing the Professors' salaries,
303 ; her death, 314.

Anstruther, Mr. Charles, Advocate,
402.

Apthouius, Progymnasmata of, 377.

Areskine. See Erskine.

Argyle, Bishop of; his reading the Ser-
vice-book in Grey friars' Church,
Edinburgh, 105.

Argyle, Archibald, Earl of, 194, 273,
366.

Argyle, Marquis of, opposed to the En
gagement, 146, 155.

Aristotle, Peculiar respect for, at the
College of Edinburgh, 50, 66, 68,
150, 151-153; Organon of, 377.

Arminianism, taught by the Bishops,
93, 98, 99, 104.

Armour, Mr. John, a candidate for Pro-
fessorship of Philosophy, 82, 83 ;
elected Professor of Humanity, 85,
94 ; his resignation, 99, 359.

Armyn, Sir William, 123.

Arnistoun (Dundas), Lord, 313.

Arran, Earl of; his ascendency over
James VI., 14; his fall, 16,17,
345.

Arthur, Mr. William ; his verses on
Principal Rollock referred to, 373.

Arts, Faculties of, 8.

Arundel, Earl of, 1 15.

Assembly, General, held in 1638, 109,
110; in 1641, 119, 120; in 1643,
123 ; in 1645, 130-132 ; in 1646,
136; in 1647, 140, 147, 148.

460

INDEX.

Assembly of Divines at Westminster,
124, 140.

Astronomy, Mode of teaching, 377.

A very, Mr. Benjamin, obtains the de-
gree of LL.'D., 309.

Ku -IIELOK CLASS, 10.

Bacon, Lord, 51, G9.

Uaillie of Jerviswood, Dame Grizell, 419.

Baillic, Mr. Robert, one of the Scottish
1 >' -unties to Westminster Assembly
of Divines, 124 ; his encomium on
Alexander Henderson, 140-142,
14 '.i, 150.

Baillie, Mr. William, a candidate for
Professorship of Universal Civil
History, 435.

Bain, Sir Donald, of Tulloch, 316, 317.

Bain, John, of Pitcarlie; his mortifica-
tion to the College, 31 7. SeeHayne.

Uaird, William, Bailie, 295.

Baird, Dr. George, Principal of the
College, 332.

Balcanquhal, Mr. Robert, minister of
Tranent, 39, 77.

Balcanquhal, Mr. Walter, one of the
ministers of Edinburgh, actively
promotes the founding of the Col-
lege, 4 ; his banishment, 14 ; sent
for by Rollock on his death-bed,
37 ; his zeal for augmenting the
salaries of the Professors, 57 ; his
legacy to the College, 77, 389.

Bald. John, preferred to a bursary of
Philosophy, 414.

Balfour, Mr. James, a candidate for '
chair of Logic and Metaphysics,
400 ; and for chair of Scots Law,
4 "7 : elected Professor of Moral
Philosophy, 425 ; resigns, 433 ; ap-
pointcd Professor of Public Law and
Law of Nature and Nations, I ; 1.

Balfour, Messrs. John and Gavin
Hamilton, appointed College print-
ers, 424, 434.

Ballenden, Mr. Thomas; his verses on
Principal Rollock referred to, 373.

Uannatyne, Mr. James; his legacy to
the College, 29, 57, 388.

Baimatvne. Mr. Patrick, Justice-Clerk
Depot

Ban-lay, Mr. I 'avid ; his verses on Prin-
cipal Koll.K-k ieferre.1 to. ;573.

Ban-lay, Mr. Robert, OD6 ofthfl deputies
sent to Charlrs I. at Oxford, 123.
[,ir, Lnrd (Hamilton^... |oo.

nies, Collep- Tn-asurer, 127.

J Jan m. Mr. Ilobert, a candidate for I'm
fesaorship of lluniauity, ?,t\l.

Baron, Helen, wife of Principal Rollock,

39.
Bayne, Mr. Alexander, Professor of

Scots Law, 328, 329, 395, 406.
Bavne, Kenneth, of Tulloch, 419; his

death, 407.
Bayne of Tulloch ; his mortification to

the College, 419. See Bain.
Beaton, Mr. John, a candidate for I'm

fessorship of Philosophy, 273.
Bejan class, 10; throwing a football

into, by the Semi, 237 ; the Semi

subscribe a document lor suppres-
sion of this practice, 2'K).
Bell, Mr. Thomas, elected Professor of

Humanity, 193, 195, 354, 364,

365, 367.
Benefactors of the College to be com

memoratcd, 114.
Bennet, Andrew, bursar of Philosophy,

440.

Binning, Lord, Clerk-Register, 57.
Bishops, 105.
Black, Dr. Joseph, elected Professor ol

Medicine and Chemistry, 436, 442,

451.
Black, Mr. William, Regent, King's

College, Aberdeen, 238, 262.
Blackfriars, Monastery of, 4.
Blacklock, Thomas, preferred to a bur-
sary of Philosophy, 414.
Blackstone, Examination on, 143, 240.
Blackwood, Robert, Bailie, 233, 235,

281,411.
Blair, Dr. Hugh, elected Professor <>\

Rhetoric, 428, 431, 441, 442, 447.
Blair, Mr. David, one of the ministers

of Edinburgh, 280.
Blair, Mr. Robert, 106, 118; mo!

tor of the General Assembly, 136,

141, 142.

Blair, Mr. Robert, Advocate, 446, 447.
Bohemian Protest, bequeathed to tin-

College, 178.
Boswell, Walter, Deacon of the Hani

mermen, 409.
Botanical (Jard.-n, the, 394, 407,

431, 432, 435.
Botanv, Professorship of. instituted,

253, 254, 309, 407, 429.
Boweits, Valdislaus, a Polish student,

397.

IWy. William, 24.
B"yd, Mr. U..l.ert, of Tn-diri-, <!<

Principal of the College,' 7-

-iiriis. 7^. -"..".I : his verses ,.|, IVin

eip.il Kolloek ivt'.-rn-il to, 8

Boy, I, Mr. Xachary, 1 !-'.

Breda, Tred

Brown, A-laiii, IVan of (iiiil-l, -js|.

INDEX,

4(11

Brown, Mr. John, a candidate for Pro-
fessorship of Philosophy, 82-84;
appointed Recent of Philosophy,
88, 91, 94, 95, 100; opposed to
the renovation of the National Co-
venant, 106 ; deposed for refusing
to take the Covenant, 106-108.

Brown, John, Bailie, 418, 430, 445.

Brown, Mr. Joseph, obtains the degree
of LL.D., 258.

Brown, Eobert, merchant in Zamose,
Poland ; his mortification to the
College, 313, 397, 404, 440, 441,
443.

Brown, Dr., of London, 317.

Brown, Dr. Thomas, Professor of Moral
Philosophy, 447.

Bruce, Dr. Andrew, Professor in Col-
lege of St. Andrews, 201, 202.

Bruce, Mr. John, elected Professor of
Logic and Metaphysics, 444-446 ;
made a burgess of Edinburgh, 447.

Bruce, Mr. Robert, Professor of Public
Law, and Law of Nature and Na-
tions, 434.

Brysonne, Andrew, Treasurer, 392.

Bryson, Thomas, his mortification to
the College, 317.

Buchan, Hugh, elected Chamberlain of
City of Edinburgh, 436, 441.

Buchan, Dr. William, a candidate for
Professorship of Institutes of Medi-
cine, 443.

Buchanan, Mr. George, Preceptor to
James VI., 5, 65, 69, 373; his
Psalms taught in the Humanity
Class, 379.

Buchanan, George, elected macer to
attend the Rector of the College,
112.

Buchanan. Sir John; his donation to the
College, 135, 392, 414, 420.

Buchanan. Mr. Thomas, 30.

Bui-net, Dr. Gilbert, Bishop, 187.

Unmet, Mr. Eobert, 59 ; elected Pro-
fessor of Humanity, 61, 79, 358.

Burnet, Mr. Thomas, elected Regent of
Philosophy, 217; suspected of fa-
vouring Popery, 217, 218, 223,
225-227, 352 ; deprived by Com-
mission of Visitation, 232, 233, 258.

Bursars, 27, 57, 59, 72, 102, 111, 116,
117, 122, 139; rules respecting,
178 181 ; oath to be administered
to, 180 ; proposed regulation for the
examination of, 253, 302 ; a sepa-
rate register to be kept for, 285,
289; mortifications for, 316, 317,
388-392, 399, 406 ; duties of, :!s-_>.
387,

Bursars of Divinity, 142 ; presbyteries
to provide, 242 ; King William's
gift for maintaining twenty, 250,
256 ; fifteen of these bursaries sunk,
294 ; this protested against by
Town-Council, 295.

Bursaries of Divinity, regulations to be
observed in regard to disposal of,
449.

Buxtorf's Hebrew Grammar, 422.

Byres, John, of Coats, Dean of Guild,
96, 390.

CALAMT, Mr. Edmund, obtains the de-
gree of D.D., 305.

Calderwood, Mr. David, 151.

Campbell, Sir Colin, of Arbuchell, 317.

Campbell, Mr. Duncan, Bursar of Divi-
nity, 420.

Campbell, Mr. George, elected Profes-
sor of Divinity, 232 ; called to be
one of the ministers of Edinburgh,
233, 235, 253, 273 ; his death, 277 ;
founder of the College Theological
Library, 278, 287, 335.

Campbell, Mr. Hay, advocate, a candi-
date for Professorship of Scots Law,
435.

Campbell, John, afterwards Earl of
Loudoun, 63. See Loudoun, Lord.

Campbell, Mr. Kenneth, a candidate for
Professorship of Philosophy, 273.

Canons and Liturgy, Determination of
Charles I. to obtrude them on Scot-
land, 98 ; abolished by General As-
sembly of 1638, 109. See Service
Book

Cant, Mr. Andrew, elected Principal o
the College, 205; his death, 216,
331.

Carlyle, Alexander (afterwards Dr.,
minister of Inveresk), 406.

Carlyle, Mr. William, minister of Pres-
tonpans, 406.

Carstairs, Mr. William, elected Princi-
pal of the College, 284, 289, 293,
298, 303, 306 ; his death, 315, 320,
332.

Cassander, George, Rhetoric of, 28, 377.

Cassillis, John, Earl of, one of the Scottish
deputies to the W estminster Assem-
bly of Divines, 124.

Chaplyn, Isaac, 163.

Charles I.; his accession to the Throne,
81 ; his partiality for Episcopacy,
92, 98 ; his journey to Scotland, 96 :
his reception in Edinburgh, 97 ;
loyalty of the College of Edinburgh
to", 9?', 9S, 162 : follows Laud's ad-

462

INDEX.

vice, 98, 105; war between him
and the Covenanters, 110; pacifi-
cation, 111 ; hostilities renewed,
112, 116; his array defeated by
the Scots, 118; treaty at Kippon,
118; his arrival at Holyroodhouse,
120; at Oxford, 123; is with the
Scots Army at Newcastle, 136;
paper controversy between him and
Mr. Alexander Henderson as to
Episcopacy and Presbytery, 136,
137 ; the Engagement to restore
him without conditions, 146, 147 ;
executed, 154.

Charles II., proclaimed in Scotland, 154 ;
at Breda, 156 ; his duplicity, 157 ;
lands in the north of Scotland, ib. ;
his declaration from Dunfermline,
158 ; his coronation at Scone, 159 ;
his restoration, 185 ; establishes
Episcopacy in Scotland, 186 ; his
death, 215.

Charteris, Mr. Henry, citizen, actively
promotes the founding of a College
at Edinburgh, 3.

Charteris, Mr. Henry; his graduation,
19, 20 ; elected Regent of Philo-
sophy, 21, 22, 24, 25, 27, 29;
recommended by Principal Rollock
as his successor, 36 ; elected Prin-
cipal and Professor of Divinity, 39,
41 ; his salary augmented, 58 ; de-
clines, from modesty, to preside at
the disputation before James VI.
at Stirling Castle, 65, 68 ; resigns,
and becomes minister of North
Leith, 73-75, 79 ; re-elected Pro-
fessor of Divinity, 90, 91 ; his
death, 92, 93, 162, 331, 334, 373-
375.

Charteris, Mr. Laurence, elected Pro-
fessor of Divinity, 2 05, 213, 335.

Charteris, Thomas ; his donation to the
College, 96.

Chatelherault, Duke of, 4, 16.

Chemistry and Medicine, Professorship
of, established, 312, 416, 426.

Chieslcy, Sir Ruhcrt, Provost of Edin-
burgh, 321 ; moans to be ns^l l'..r
recovering arrears due to the Col-
lege by the daughters of, 429.

rhrvstir's mortification to the College,
420.

Class, Bejan, Semi, Bachelor, Mugis-
trand, 10.

Classical learning, Study of, in 15th
and llith crntnrie-. I 1. \.~>:

Cleghorn. 11 ugh, mTchunt burgess,
Ivlinbur-h. 418,

Cle-horn, -John, I'.ailie, 2'.f>.

Cleghorn, Mr. William, teaches Moral
Philosophy Class, 412 ; elected Pro-
fessor of Moral Philosophy, 413;
resigns, 425 ; his death, ib.

Clenard, Nicolas, his Greek Grammar,
376.

Cochrane, Mr. Alexander, bursar of
Divinity, 420.

Cochrane, Mr. Hugh, minister of Kil-
maurs, 420.

Cochrane, James, Dean of Guild, 115;
bailie, 352.

Cockburn, Mr. Alexander, elected Pro-
fessor of Philosophy, 210, 212, 214,
216, 218, 22.", ; his death, 224, 368.

Cockburn, Archibald, Bailie, 301.

Cockburn, Mr. David, obtains the de-
gree of M.D, 293.

Coldin, Mr. James ; his verses on Prin-
cipal Rollock referred to, 375.

Colleges. See Universities.

Colt, Mr. Adam, elected Regent of Phi-
losophy, 18, 20, 21 ; becomes mini-
ster first of Borthwick, and then of
Inveresk, 22.

Colt, Mr. Blase, Professor of Humanity,
54, 357 ; his death, 60.

Colt, Mr. Oliver, Advocate, father of the
preceding, 54, 357.

Colt, Mr. Oliver, elected Professor of
Humanity, 60, 357; becomes mini-
ster of Holyrood House, 60, 357.

Colvill, Dr. Alexander, 141; elected
Professor of Divinity, 145; General
Assembly refuse to translate him,
146, 150, 334.

Colvill, Mr. Patrick, a candidate for
professorship of Philosophy, 107.

Colvill, Robert, bursar of Philosophy,
420.

Colvill, Mr. William, one of the mini-
sters of Edinburgh, 13 ( .: suspended
and deposed by the < ioneral .Wem-
bly for favouring the Engagement,
148; elected Principal >f the Col-
lege, 164; the election set aside,
Hi I. 165, 331 ; compensation made
to him by the Town-Council, lij'.i :
admitted one of the mini-
Perth, ib ; re-elected Principal of
the College, is:, I'.io, 101. i'.:i,
195, 197, 201, 363,363; his death,
205.

Commission, High, abolished 1>\ i
ral Assembly of 10.-JS, 109.

Confession of Faith. Sec Cor<
Notional.

Confession of Faith, Westminster, I In.
141, 170; to be subscribed by all
professors of colleges, 227.

INDEX.

463

Cotton, Halford, receives the degree of

LL.D., 327.
Couples, George, preferred to bursary

of Divinity, 414.

Coutts, Mr. John, College Treasurer, 429.
Covenant, National, or Confession of
Faith, 17 ; to be subscribed by all
graduates, 17, 19, 27, 48 ; this prac-
tice discontinued, 100, 101 ; reso-
lution to renew the National Cove-
nant, 105 ; entered into by persons
of all ranks, 106; its renovation
promoted by the Professors of the
University of Edinburgh, ib. ; to
be subscribed by students before
receiving their degrees, 114, 143.

Covenant, Solemn League and, 124;
students required to subscribe it,
143, 149, 160 ; to be taken at first
receiving the Lord's Supper, 148.

Covenanters, War between them and
Charles I., 110 ; pacification, 111 ;
hostilities renewed, 112, 116; de-
feated by Montrose, 129, 133 ; rout
of his forces at Philiphaugh, 133.

Cowper, Margaret, her mortification to
the College, 390.

Cowper, William, his legacy to the
College, 57, 388.

Craig, Mr. James, elected Professor of
Civil Law, 308, 316, 395; his
death, 402.

Craig, Mr. John, minister, 17.

Craig, Mr. Thomas, his verses on Prin-
cipal Rollock referred to, 373.

Craig, Mr. William, elected Eegent of
Philosophy, 27, 29, 40, 41 ; becomes
Professor of Divinity at Saumur,
42, 373.

Craigie, John, younger of Dumbarney,
tack of the teinds of that parish
granted to, 420.

Craigie, Robert, of Glendoick, Lord-
Advocate, 415.

Crawford, Earl of, 230, 231.

Crawford, James, M.D., elected Pro-
fessor of Chemistry and Medicine,
312, 316; elected Professor of He-
brew, 323, 324, 329, 395 ; his death,
402.

Crawford, Mr. Matthew, a candidate for
Professorship of Philosophy, 55.

Crawford, Mr. Matthew, Professor of
Church History, 326, 329, 395,
407, 455.

Crawford, Mr. Thomas, a candidate for
Professorship of Philosophy, 81, 82 ;
elected Professor of Humanity, 85,
91 ; becomes Rector of the High
School, 94, 97, 107 ; elected Pro-

fessor of Mathematics and Regent,
119, 336-339, 359, 121, 122, 134,
136, 138, 143, 145, 149-151, 154,
156, 157, 159, 160-162, 164, 169,
170, 172, 173, 176, 177, 182, 184,
185, 187 ; his death, 188, 362 ; his
History of the University, 189, 190,
338, 350, 455, 456.

Crighton, Mr. William, one of the
ministers of Edinburgh, 273, 280.

Crokat, Patrick, elected Janitor,402,433.

Cromwell, Oliver, defeats the Marquis
of Hamilton, 147 ; his power in
England, 154, 156 ; his victory over
the Scots at Dunbar, 158, 160 ;
defeats Charles II. at Worcester,
161 ; greater part of Scotland sub-
mits to him, 165 ; appoints com-
missioners for the administration
of justice in Scotland, 165, 172 ;
proposed application to be made to
him for the augmentation of the
College revenue, 176 ; his gift to
the College, 181, 182 ; probably
never obtained, 182, 183, 353.

Cromwell, Richard, 183.

Crossrig, Lord (David Hume), 228.

Cruickshanks, John, appointed interim
teacher of Humanity Class, 174,
361.

Cullen, Dr. William, elected Professor
of Medicine and Chemistry, 426,
427, 429 ; resigns, 436; elected Pro-
fessor of the Institutes of Medicine,
436 ; allowed to teach also the
practice of medicine, 439 ; resigns,
443 ; elected Professor of the Prac-
tice of Medicine, 443, 449.

Culloden (Forbes), Laird of, junior, 273.

Gumming, Mr. John, appointed Pro-
fessor of Church History, 250, 280,
298, 306 ; his death, 314.

Gumming, Mr. Patrick, appointed Pro-
fessor of Church History, 407 ; re-
signs, 430.

Gumming, Mr. Robert, son of the pre-
ceding, appointed Professor of
Church History, 430, 431, 441 , 442.

Gumming, Mr. William, elected Pro-
fessor of Humanity, 189, 190 ; par-
ticular account of the trial at his
election, 362-366 ; his salary aug-
mented, 191, 354 ; becomes Pro-
fessor of Philosophy, 192, 193 ; be-
comes tutor to Lord Lorn, 194,
195, 366, 367.

Cunningham, Mr. Alexander, elected
Professor of Humanity, 208, 368 ;
elected Professor of Philosophy,
224, 226, 235-237, 244, 246, 248 ;

4G4

INDEX.

suspended, 249, 250; his demission,
258.

Cunningham, Hugh, Provost of Edin-
burgh, 279, 280, 286, 287.

Currie, James, Provost of Edinburgh,
205.

DALGLEISH, James ; his legacies to the
Town and College, 119, 126, 391,
401, 420.

Dalgleish, James, receives the degree of
M.D., 317.

Dalgleish, Mr. Robert, Agent for the
Kirk, 151.

Dalmeny, Laird of, 211.

Dalzel, Mr. Andrew, elected Professor
of Greek, 441-443 ; made a Burgess
of Edinburgh, 447, 450 ; appointed
Secretary and Librarian, 456.

1 >amman, Sir Adrian, chosen Professor
of Law, 22 ; lectures only on Hu-
manity, ib. ; resigns, 27, 355, 356 ;
his verses on Principal Rollock re-
ferred to, 373.

Darien, Settlement on the Isthmus of,
267.

Dark Ages, State of Learning in, 45.

Darley, Mr. Henry, Commissioner from
England to the General Assembly,
123.

Damley, Henry Lord, 2.

Davidson, Mr. James, and Mr. Thomas
Ruddiman, resign as College Print-
ers, 424.

Davis, Mr. John, 163.

Dawson, Mr. William, minister at New-
castle-upon Tyne, elected Professor
.f H.-brew, 402, 422, 423.

Declamations. See Orations.

Dennistoun, Sir Robert ; his donation to
the College, 123.

1 1. Cartes, Meditations of, 220, 340.

DespMteriut, Joannes, 143.

Dice, Act of Faculty for preventing
playing at, 276.

Dick, Mr. Robert, Advocate, Professor
i.f Civil Law, 426.

Dirk. William, Merchant, 80; Sir
William, 391.

Dickson, .Mr. Alexander, minister of

.ittle. fleeted Professor of

ll.-bivw, 171, 177. !'.. I'.i'J. 1 !i:,,
353; bis salarv reduced, 20 1: .!

j.rive I. i

DirkN,,n. Mr. David, i u, (60; ekctod

<snr of Divinity, IfiO, 170;

bis salarv augmented, 171 ; \>

Diek.s-.il, Dr. David, Fellnw of the ]J,, V :d

College of Physicians, Edinburgh,
308.

i Disputations in the College, 377, 378,
382, 385.

Divinity, taught from the first in the
College of Edinburgh, 9, 19, 144.

Divinity, Bursars of, Presbyteries to
maintain, 149. See Bursars of
Divinity.

Divinity, Professor of, this office at tirst
held jointly with that of Principal,
19 ; the two offices disjoined, 74 ;
donation for supporting, 111; leg-
acy for augmenting salary of, 132 ;
house to be built for, 182 ; duties
of, 381.

Divinity, Students of. See E<l'm
burf/h.

Dobie, Richard, Dean of Guild, 121.

Doddridge, Dr. Philip, 422.

Dods, Thomas, plumber, his legacy to
the College, 133.

Douglas, Mr. Alexander, becomes mini-
ster of Whittingham, 61.

Douglas, Mr. Alexander, elected Pro-
fessor of Hebrew, 211 ; his salary
augmented, 214, 226 ; deprived by
Commission of Visitation, 232 ; his
legacy of books to the College, 238,
249.

Douglas, Mr. George; his verses on
Principal Rollock referred to, 373.

Douglas, Mr. John ; his verses on Prin
cipal Rollock referred to, 375.

Douglas, Mr. Robert, one of the mini-
sters of Edinburgh, 124, 129, 135,
139 ; Moderator of the General
Assembly, 140 ; elected Rector of
the University, 154-156, 33:5 ; his
Sermon at the Coronation of Charles
II., 159, 160, 169.

Douglas, Mr. William, Advocate, I'.M.

Dou-las, Mr. William, 142, 144.

Drummond, Adam, of Megirinsh, 2

Drummond, Dr. Alexander Monn>,
elected Professor of Institutes of
Medicine, 443, 445, 447 ; does not
accept, 448.

Druimnoud, Mr. Colin, elected Pn>'

of Philosophy, 2 ecomes

Professor of Logic, :;<

307, ;JI<-:;1'.: 3

i l.'dcd Professor of (I ret !

1"J. 405, I"'.'. II". -li:i.

Drummond. : of Ivlin

bur.-rh, :;-Jl. 826

1 >nininiond, Mr. .John, elecfc d 1'n.
of Humanity, 224, 2i'>

jn-ived liy Commission of Visitation.

INDEX.

465

Drummond, William, of Hawthornden,
97, 357.

Drysdale, Mr. John, minister of Kirk-
aldy, 401, 403.

Drysdale, John, son of the preceding,
401, 403.

Dumbarney, Teinds of, 420.

Dunbar, Battle of, 158, 163.

Dunblane, Battle of, between the Pre-
tender and the troops of George I.,
315.

Duncan, Dr. Andrew, a candidate for
Professorship of Institutes of Medi-
cine, 443 ; appointed to teach In-
stitutes of Medicine for one session,
445 ; and for another session, 448.

Duncrub (Rollo), Barons of, 30.

Dundas, Henry, Lord Advocate, 447.

Dundas, Mr. Laurence, elected Professor
of Humanity, 235, 262, 273, 280,
287, 293, 298, 301, 306, 307, 310-
312, 314-319, 324-330, 338, 339,
354, 368 ; his legacy to the Col-
lege, 369, 394, 395; proposes to
resign, 397 ; his death, 405, 455.

Dundas, Sir Laurence, Bart, of Kerse,
338, 455.

Dundas, Mr. Thomas, elected Professor
of Civil Law, 402.

Dundas, Sir Thomas, afterwards Lord
Dundas, 338, 455.

Dunfermline, Earl of. See Seton, Sir
Alexander,

Dunlop, Mr. Alexander, 27.

Dunlop, Mr. John, Librarian, 191, 349,
350.

Dunlop, Mr. William, Principal of the
College of Glasgow, 238, 239 ; his
endeavours to obtain King Wil-
liam's grant to the four Univer-
sities of Scotland, 271.

Dunlop, Mr. William, appointed Pro-
fessor of Church History, 314, 315 ;
his death, 326.

Dunsmuir, Mr. James, bursar of Divi-
nity, 420.

EDINBURGH, erected into an Episcopal
See, 104.

Edinburgh, Bishop of, 194, 195. See
Paterson, John.

Edinburgh, Castle of, besieged by
General Leslie in 1640, 116; be-
trayed to Cromwell, 1 60.

Edinburgh, Golden Charter of City of,
43.

Edinburgh, High School of ; its estab-
lishment, 4, 53, 93.

Edinburgh, Ministers of, assist in found-

ing the University, 1, 4; their
flight in consequence of a tumult at
Edinburgh, 25, 26; to be joint
with Town-Council in electing Re-
gents of the College, 57, 58 ; Act
of Town-Council, disallowing Pro-
fessors of Divinity and Church
History to be, 325.

Edinburgh, University of; its origin, 1,
4 ; Royal Charter authorizing the
founding of, 6 ; which is ratified by
Act of Parliament, 8 ; plan of in-
struction in, 8, 9 ; length of the
Session in, 10-12 ; royal confirma-
tion of all former grants made to,
43 ; examinations at the opening
of the Session, 45-48, 379, 380 ;
and previous to receiving the de-
gree of A.M., 45, 48-50 ; students
dispersed by the Plague, 52, 53,
55, 56; revenues of, 56-58, 116,
120, 121, 172 ; Act of Parliament
of 1618 in confirmation of, 76 ;
laws or discipline of, 13, 91, 92,
145, 197-199, 257, 274277, 285,
286, 290, 376-387 ; 396 ; additions
to the buildings of, 102, 128, 347,
348 ; donations or mortifications to,
2, 173, 387-393 ; commemoration
of benefactors of, 184 ; tumults at,
198 ; abbreviate of Acts of Council
anent, 284 ; records of, corrupted,
286, 287, 290, 291 ; Act of Town-
Council in reference to these re-
cords, 286-288, 290, 291 ; new
regulation for teaching Greek and
Philosophy in, ratified by Town-
Council, 299, 300, 307 ; after the
Union less flourishing than before,
308; funds of, 318; Treasurer's
accounts of the funds of, 396, 402,
408, 411, 427-429, 435, 439-441,
445, 448, 449, 451.

Edinburgh, Principal of the University
of, held at first the office of Profes-
sor of Divinity, 19 ; his salary in-
creased, 41, 102, 279, 290; offices
of Principal and Professor of Divi-
nity disjoined, 74 ; duties of, 240,
380, 381 ; list of Principals, 331.

Edinburgh, Printer to the University
of, power to choose belonged to
Town-Council, 421, 424.

Edinburgh, Professors of the Univer-
sity of, their salaries augmented,
74, 303 ; refuse to take the oaths
of allegiance and supremacy, 207 ;
dispute between Town-Council and
them as to their powers, 279-283 ;
and as to the electing of a member

2 G

466

INDEX.

to represent the University in the
General Assembly, 279-283, 319-
321 ; complaints against, 288, 289 ;
Professors to hold their offices
only during the Council's plea-
sure, 323 ; oaths to be subscribed
by, at their admission, 402, 407, 413.

Edinburgh, Professors of Divinity in
University of, list of, 334. See
Divinity, Professor of.

Edinburgh, Rector of the University of,
74, 90, 333 ; office of, to be re-
vived, 112 ; gown worn by, ib. ; re-
gulations to bo observed by, 113,
114, 145, 154; power of Town-
Council to choose, 321 ; list of
Rectors, 333.

Edinburgh, Students of the Univer-
sity of, engagement subscribed by,
101, 184; new Sponsio to be sub-
scribed by, at their matriculation,
175; their burning the Pope in
effigy, 210; bonds and engage-
ments to be taken by, 211 ; Spon-
sio to be subscribed by, 212, 223,
227, 268; their attending the
church, 382, 384.

Elizabeth, Queen, 16, 19, 26; her
death, 42.

Elliot, Alexander, a bursar of Philoso-
phy, 420.

Elliot, Sir Gilbert, 279.

Elliot, Robert, surgeon, allowed a
yearly salary for teaching anatomy,
291.

Ellis, Mr. John, Dean of Faculty of Ad-
vocates, 363.

Ellis, Mr. Robert, his donation for en-
larging the buildings of the Col-
lege, 100, 128. See Gillies.

Elphinston, Bishop, 9.

Elplrinston, Laird of, 333.

Engagement, The, for restoring Charles
II. without conditions, 146-148, 159.

Episcopacy, abolished, 110; established
in Scotland by Charles II., 186,
207.

Erskine or Areskine, Mr. Charles, elect-
ed Professor of Philosophy, 273,
274, 277, 278, 280, 285, 290, 293,
294 ; appointed Professor of Public
Law and of Law of Nature and
us, 294 ; his appoint nx-iit pn>-
1 against by the Town-Council,
295, 297, 298, 306, 316, 329, 395,
396.

Erskine, Mr. John, a candidate for Pro-
fessorship ..I Civil Law, 402 ;
elected Professor of Scots Law,
407 ; resigns, 435.

Erskine, Dr. John, one of the ministers

of Edinburgh, 407, 430.
Ethics, 220, 251. See Moral Philo-

FAIRFOUL, Mr. Andrew, 120.

Fairly, Mr. James, elected Regent of
Philosophy, 55, 56, 58, 60, 62, 63,
65, 67, 71, 72 ; his salary increased,
74, 78, 79 ; becomes minister of
Leith, 81, 84, 90; elected Professor
of Divinity, 93 ; resigns, and be-
comes one of the ministers of Edin-
burgh, 95, 334.

Fairly, Mr. Robert, a candidate for
Professorship of Humanity, 108.

Fenton, John, Comptroller's Clerk, 3.

Fenton, Thomas, Bailie, 397, 398.

Ferguson, Mr. Adam, minister of Logie-
rait. 428.

Ferguson, Dr. Adam, son of the preced-
ing, 344 ; elected Professor of Natu-
ral Philosophy, 428 ; elected Profes-
sor of Moral Philosophy, 433, 434,
441, 442, 444; goes abroad with the
Earl of Chesterfield, 444-446 ; al-
lowed a seat in the Troii Church,
450 ; appointed secretary to the
Commissioners sent to America to
negotiate a peace with the colonies,
451.

Ferguson, Mr. Henry, 235.

Ferguson, Mr. Joseph, preferred to a
bursary of Divinity, 414.

Ferme, Mr. Charles, 19, 20 ; elected Re-
gent of Philosophy, 21, 22, 24, 26,
27, 29; becomes minister at Fraser-
burgh, 40.

Fleming, John, Bailie ; his donation

for the College buildings, 122 ; his

y to the College, 129, 347, 390.

Fleming, Robert, Bailie, contributes to
the building of the College, 128.

Forbes, Mr. William, dcc-trd Professor
of Humanity, 171 ; elected Profes-
sor of Philosophy, 174, 176, 361 ;
his death, 145, 176, 185.

Forbes, Mr. William. ;\ cHiididiite for
Professorship of Philosophy, 234.

Ford, Hector ; his mortification to the
College, 302, 414, 420, 421.

Forrest, Dr. James, Fellow of the
Royal College of Physicians, Edin-
burgh, 308.

Forrester, Mr. David, minister in
North Leith, 106, 112.

Forrester, Mr. Dunr.-ni. raiuliil.r

Professorship of Philosophy, K'7,
108; elected, 112, 115, 119, 121,

INDEX.

467

132, 134, 138, 145, 150, 154-156,
161, 164, 170, 352 ; resigns, 171,
360.

Forret (Schoner), Lady, donation of hers
applied to College buildings, 129.

Foulis, Mr., a candidate for Professor-
ship of Humanity, 409.

Fraser, Sir Alexander, Bart , chief Phy-
sician to the King, 204.

Fraser, Mr. George, Sub-Principal of
King's College, Aberdeen, 248.

Fraser, Mr. George, minister of Mon-
edie, 450.

Fraser, James, son of the preceding, a
bursar of Philosophy, 450.

Fraser, James, assistant secretary of the
Bank of Scotland, 450.

Fraser, James, son of the preceding, a
bursar of Philosophy, 450.

Fraser, John, Writer to the Signet, 451.

Fraser, Thomas ; his mortification to
the College, 451.

Fyvie, Lord. See Seton, Sir Alexander.

GALBRAITH, Mr. Humphrey, a candi-
date for Professorship of Humanity,
61, 358, 364 ; becomes Professor in
one of the Colleges of France, 61.

Galbraith, Valentine, burgess of Edin-
burgh, 358.

Galloway, Mr. John, 126.

Galloway, Mr. Patrick, minister, 34.

Geometry, 220, 221.

George 1. ; his succession to the throne,
314.

Gelly, John, Doctor of Medicine, 82.

Gib, John, servitor to James VI., 3, 6.

Gibson, Mr. Alexander, elected Profes-
sor of Humanity, 99 ; resigns, 103,
359.

Gibson, Christian, relict of Sir Robert
Dennistoun, 123.

Gibson, Mr. John, preferred to a bursary
of Divinity, 414.

Gibson, Mr. Joseph, appointed City Pro-
fessor of Midwifery, 395 ; his death,
408.

Gillespie, Mr. George, 118; one of the
Scottish Deputies to Assembly of
^ Divines at Westminster, 124.

Gillies, Archibald, bursar of Philosophy,
420.

Gillies, Patrick, elder, his legacy of 500
marks to the College, 390, 100.

Gillies, Patrick, younger, his legacy of
500 marks to the College, 390, 100.

Gilmour, Mr. Robert, janitor to the Col-
lege, afterwards minister of Calder-
Clere, 29.

Glasgow, University of, 5, 141, 149,
201, 238, 404.

Glen, Mr. Alexander, bursar of Divinity,
420.

Gloag, Mr. Andrew, minister of West
Calder, 414.

Gloag, William, son of the preceding,
preferred to bursary of Philosophy,
414.

Goodall, Mr. John, elected Professor of
Hebrew, 277, 280 ; his salary aug-
mented, 285, 298, 301, 306, 311,
315 ; his death, 322, 323, 402.

Gordon, Duke of, George, 217.

Gordon, Mr. Duke, assists in preparing
an Alphabetical Catalogue of the
Library, 438.

Gordon, Mr. John, Advocate, elected
Professor of Universal Civil His-
tory, 423, 424 ; demits, 425, 426.

Gordon, Mr. Patrick, 149, 150.

Gowdie, or Goldie, Mr. John, one of
the ministers of Edinburgh, elected
Professor of Divinity, 403 ; elected
Principal of the College, 332, 424;
his death, 429, 430.

Gowns, order for wearing them never
complied with in University of
Edinburgh, 13 ; proposal that Pro-
fessors and Students should wear
them, 251.

Gowrie, John, second Earl of, 14, 24,
373, 374.

Graduation of the Magistrand Class, 11,
48-50 ; circling of the Class at, 49 ;
this custom laid aside for a time,
94 ; again revived, 123 ; performed
in Trinity College Church, or in
Greyfriars, 62 ; performed in Lady
Tester's Church, 186, 190, 191,203;
oaths of allegiance and supremacy
to be taken at, 207; great majo-
rity of Students refuse to take
these oaths, 207, 209, 211-217,
223, 224 ; taking of oath of alle-
giance to King William and Queen
Mary required at, but refused by
many students, 244, 250, 254 ;
strict examination of students at,
251, 267.

Graduation Book of University of Edin-
burgh, 17, 375.

Graduates, Town's Seal to be appended
to diploma of, 283, Lists of, 376.

Graham, David, his legacy to the Col-
lege, 135.

Graham, Mr. James, of Airth, Dean of
Faculty, 409.

Graham, Mr. Robert, a candidate for
Professorship of Philosophy, 234.

468

INDEX.

Grammar, concerning teaching of, 143.

Grammar Schools, 130-132, 139, 142,
143.

Grant, Alexander, Bailie, 423.

Grant, Dr. Gregory, a candidate for
Professorship of the Institutes of
Medicine, 443.

Grant, Laird of (Grant), 249.

Grant, James, son of the preceding, 249.

Grant, Mr. Robert, Writer to the Signet,
451.

Greek, Pronunciation of, 69 ; a fixed
professor for teaching, 251, 271,
272 ; new regulations for teaching,
299, 300, 368, 370; manner of
teaching, 376, 379, 398, 399, 404,
405, 408, 409, 441.

Gregory, Dr. David, elected Professor
of Mathematics, 213, 226, 235;
appointed Savilian Professor of As-
tronomy at Oxford, 245, 246, 324,
341 ; the first who introduced the
Newtonian philosophy into the
University of Edinburgh, 342, 344.

Gregory, Mr. James, elected Professor
of Mathematics, 204, 337; his
death, 206, 213, 339, 340.

Gregory, Mr. James, brother to Dr.
David, elected Professor of Mathe-
matics, 245, 246, 273, 280, 298,
306, 315, 324, 329, 342, 395.

Gregory, Dr. James, elected Professor
of the Institutes of Medicine, 448,
449.

Gregory, Dr. John, father of the pre-
ceding, elected Professor of the
Practice of Medicine, 436 ; allowed
to teach also the Theory of Medi-
cine, 439 ; his death, 443, 449.

Greir, Mr. George, his verses on Prin-
cipal Rollock referred to, 373.

Grieve, Mr. Robert, minister of Dal-
kcith, 444.

Guild, Dr. William, 178.

Gulon, Mr. William, a candidate for
Professorship of Humanity, 367.

Guthric, Mr. Alexander, Town-Clerk
of Edinburgh, 356, 454.

Guthrie, Mr. James, College Treasurer,
427.

HALKET, James, M.D., Professor of Me-
dicine in the College, 215.

Hall, Mr. John, zoalous for increasing
the salaries of the Professors, 57.

Hall, Sir John, 228.

Halley, Edmund, 340.

Hallrraig, Lord (Sir John Hamilton),
228.

Hamilton, Charles, Bailie, 352.

Hamilton, Mr., Clerk to Commission of
Parliament for visiting Universities,
259.

Hamilton, Family of, their forfeiture, 4,
16.

Hamilton, Messrs. Gavin and John
Balfour, appointed College printers,
424, 434.

Hamilton, Mr. George, one of the min-
isters of Edinburgh, 273.

Hamilton, Mr. James, 17.

Hamilton, Mr. James, successively min-
ister of Dumfries and Edinburgh,
106.

Hamilton, Mr. James, Advocate, a can-
didate for Professorship of Univer-
sal Civil History, 424.

Hamilton, Mr. John, one of the ministers
of Edinburgh, 273.

Hamilton, James, Marquis of, King's
Commissioner at General Assembly
of 1638, 109; commander of forces of
Charles I. against the Covenanters,
110 ; defeated by Cromwell, 147.

Hamilton, Mr. Robert, a candidate for
Professorship of Logic and Meta-
physics, 400.

Hamilton, Mr. Robert, elected Professor
of Divinity, 424, 442, 449.

Hamilton, Mr. William, father of the
preceding, elected Professor of Di-
vinity, 304 ; not to have a mini-
sterial charge, ib. ; accepts of the
Professorship, 305, 306; allowed
to be chosen one of the ministers
of Edinburgh, 312, 314, 315, 319,
329, 332, 335, 395-397 ; elected
Principal, 401 ; his death, 402.

Hamilton, Sir William, 228.

Hamilton, Sir William, his Majesty's
resident at Court of Naples, 448.

Hannay, Mr. George, candidate for Pro-
fessorship of Humanity, 79 ; and
for Professorship of Philosophy, 82 ;
afterwards minister at Torplnchen,
83.

Hannay, James, Dean of Edinburgh,
tumult at his reading tin- Srmri--
Book, 104, 105.

Harley, Mr. Jonathan, receives the de-
gree of M.D., 308.

Hart, Andrew, printer, 81.

Hart, Mr. James, one of the ministers
of Edinburgh, 280.

Hart, Mr. William, his verses on Prin-
cipal Rollock referred to, 375.

Hatcher, Mr. Thomas, 123, 124.

Hay, Mr. John, Town Clerk, Kdiiibiinrh,
83.

INDEX.

469

Hebdomadar, Duties of the, 198, 199,
213, 251, 257, 289, 382, 383.

Hebrew Language, at first taught by
Professor of Divinity, 121, 380;
grammar of, taught by Regent of
Bachelor class, 377 ; a separate
chair for teaching it instituted,
121, 174, 208, 211, 237, 249, 277 ;
salary of Professor of, increased by
Queen Anne's bounty, 303, 322,
323, 402, 422, 425.

Henderson, Mr. Alexander, 109, 112 ;
elected Rector of the University,
114-118; becomes Dean of the
Chapel Royal, 120, 122-124, 127,
134, 135 ; paper controversy be-
tween him and Charles i., 136,
137; his death, 137, 138; Robert
Baillie's eulogium upon, 141, 154,
333, 337.

Henderson, Laurence, Bailie, contri-
butes for buildings of the College,
128.

Henderson, Mr. Robert, 213; elected
Librarian, 214, 226, 238, 254,266,
286, 290, 305, 329, 350, 354, 394,
405, 406 ; demits, 414, 420, 456.

Henderson, Mr. William, elected Libra-
rian, 196, 201 ; his salary increased,
204, 214, 226, 254, 266, 339, 350,
354.

Henry, Prince, son of James VI., 40.

Hepburn, Mr. Alexander, a candidate
for professorship of Philosophy,
82, 83; elected, 96, 103, 111, 115,
116, 118, 121; resigns, 125.

Hepburn, Bailie, 438, 439.

Hepburn, Sir Patrick, of Blackcastle,
his mortification to the College,
317, 420.

Hepburn, Mr. Thomas, Minister at
Oldhamstocks, 83.

Heslope, Mr. Philip, graduates, 19 ;
elected Regent of Philosophy, 20 ;
travels into Germany, 21 ; returns
to Scotland, 22, 23; becomes
minister of Inveresk, 24 ; his
death, ib.

Hall, Mr. John, elected Professor of
Humanity, 447 ; made a burgess
of Edinburgh, ib.

Hippocrates, Oath of, 293.

History, Ecclesiastical, professorship of,
instituted, 250, 256, 314, 395, 407,
430.

History, Universal Civil, professorship
of, instituted, 328 ; how Professor
of, to be afterwards elected, 329,
423, 425, 435.

Hog, William, merchant, burgess of

Edinburgh, 273 ; College Trea-
surer, 402, 430,431, 434.

Hog, Mr. William, a candidate for Pro-
fessorship of Humanity, 79.

Hog, Mr. William, a candidate for Pro-
fessorship of Philosophy, 273.

Home, Dr. Francis, appointed Profes-
sor of Materia Medica, 438, 444.

Home, Dr. James, son of the preceding,
Professor of the Practice of Medi-
cine, 438.

Hood, Mr. Humphrey, a candidate for
Professorship of Humanity, 94.

Hope, Alexander, son of Sir Thomas
Hope, 94.

Hope, Dr. John, elected Professor of
Botany and Materia Medica, 429,
431-435; resigns as Professor of
Materia Medica, but retains Pro-
fessorship of Botany, 438.

Hope, Sir John, 392.

Hope, Sir Thomas, of Craighall, Lord
Advocate, a great promoter of the
prosperity of the College, 81, 94 ;
King's Commissioner at General
Assembly of 1643, 123 ; his legacy
to the College, 392.

Horsman, Mr. Oliver, obtains the de-
gree of LLD., 317.

Hour glass, 85.

Humanity class, its institution, 9, 21,
355, 356 ; fund for its support, 21,
22, 27, 28, 56, 355, 356, 387 ; by
whom the Professor of, elected,
28, 356 ; regulations as to what the
Professor of, should teach, 28,
376, 379 ; candidates for the chair
of, to undergo a strict trial, 84, 85,
94, 108, 126, 234, 235, 364-366;

Kroposal by Town-Council to abo-
sh it, 174 ; this proposal not agreed
to by College of Justice, 176, 361 ;
students of, when first matriculated,
369 ; discipline of, 379 ; Buchan-
an's Psalms taught in, 379 ; no-
tices of Professors of, 355-371.

Hume. See Home.

Hume, or Home, Mr. Alexander,
Rector of the High School, his
resignation, 53, 357 ; his verses on
Principal Rollock referred to, 373.

Hume, Mr. David, his verses on Prin-
cipal Rollock referred to, 373.

Hume, David, the historian, a candi-
date for Professorship of Moral
Philosophy, 411, 425.

Hume, Patrick, of Polwarth, 73.

Hume, Sir Patrick, 228.

Hume, Mr. Robert, a candidate for Pro-
fessorship of Humanity, 364, 365-

470

INDEX.

Hunt, Dr., Professor of Hebrew at Uni-
versity of Oxford, 422.

Hunter (Honter), John, Cosmography
of, 378.

Hunter, Dr. Andrew, elected Professor
of Divinity, 424.

Hunter, Mr. Robert, elected Professor
of Greek, 370, 409, 412, 413;
petitions Town -Council for a col-
league, 441-443, 456.

Hutcheson, Dr. Francis, declines pre-
sentation to Professorship of Moral
Philosophy, 413.

Hutcheson, Mr. George, a candidate for
Professorship of Philosophy, 234.

Hutcheson, Nicol, a prebendary of the
Kirk of Field, 2.

Huygens, Christian, 340.

INNES, DR. JOHN, 394, 396, 399; ap-
pointed Professor of Medicine and
Chemistry, 416, 417; hisdeath, 418.

Innes, John, appointed Janitor of the
College, 433.

Interest, rate of, during the reign of
James VI., 28.

JAMES VI. ; his education, 5 ; grants a
charter for founding the College
of Edinburgh, 6 ; faction which
gained an ascendency over him,
14; his gift to the College, 15;
his marriage, 23 ; his commen-
dation of Presbyterian doctrine
and discipline, ib. ; his lenity to
the Popish Lords, 25 ; aims at
restoring Episcopacy, 26, 76;
his Basilicon Doron, 40 ; suc-
ceeds to the English throne, 42 ;
his marks of favour for the College,
43 ; visits Scotland, 63, 64 ; dispu-
tation held by the Professors of the
College in his presence at Stirling
Castle, 64-70 ; his progress through
Scotland, 65 ; his learning, 67, 69 ;
specimens of his witticism, 67 ;
his character as a writer, 70; his
let ter to the Town-Council as to the
College, 70: his death, 80, 100, 162.

James, Duke of York, 211 ; succeeds to
the throne, 215, 216; suspicions
of his designs as to the Univer-
sities, 21H ; grants a signature of
confirmation to I'niversit y of Edin-
l.ur-li. '-'-' I: liis :il..li.-ation, 224,227.
n, Mr. Edward, 228.

Janitor of th College, Duties of,199. 184.

-leiikin's Mortification to tin- ('.
420.

Johnston, Archibald, afterwards Lord
Warriston, Clerk of General As-
sembly at Glasgow in 1638, 109,
118; one of the deputies sent to
Charles I. at Oxford, 123 ; deputy
to Assembly of Divines at West-
minster, 124 ; opposed to the En-
gagement, 146; his mortification
to the College, 419.

Johnston, Archibald ; his legacy to the
College, 72, 389.

Johnston, John, brother to Laird of
Elphinston, elected Rector of the
University, 333.

Johnston, Mr. John, Librarian, 183.

Johnston, Sir Patrick, Provost of Edin-
burgh, Theses dedicated to, 291.

Johnston, Robert, LL.D. ; his legacy to
the College, 116, 117, 128, 391,
406, 414, 420, 421.

Johnston, Samuel, 72, 389.

Johnston, William, Treasurer, 183 ;
Sir William, 316.

Jollie, Mr. George, College Treasurer,
139.

Jossie, John, College Treasurer, 115,
127, 128, 174, 183, 361, 391, 392.

Justice, William, his legacy to the Col-
lege, 72.

KAMES, LORD (Henry Home), 425.

Keith, James, of Edmonston, contri-
butes for buildings of the College,
102.

Keith, Mr. William, elected Professor
of Divinity, 191 ; swears the oath
of allegiance and supremacy, 195,
201, 353 ; his death, 206, 334.

Kellie, Gasper, a candidate for Pro-
fessorship of Humanity, 367.

Kennedy, Mr. David, a candidate for
Professorship of Humanity, 126.

Kennedy, David, a writer in Edin-
burgh, 303.

Kennedy, Mr. David, Advocate, a can-
didate for Professorship of Uni-
versal Civil History, 426.

Kennedy, Mr. Herbert, elected Profes-
sor of Philosophy, 214, 21C,, -J17,
223, 225-227, 235-237, 246, 248,
250, 258-260, 262, 264 ; his death,
266, 267.

Kennedy, Mr. Hugh, 228.

Kennedy, Mr. James, a candidate for
Professorship of Philosophy.

Kennedy, Sir Thomas, Provost of 1-Min
burgh, Theses dedicated to, 217,

Ker, Mr. Andrew, l. r >l ;.!mlgo, 1HI.
Ker, Mr. .James, 59; elected I.'

INDEX.

471

in St. Leonard's College, St. An-
drews, 60.

Ker, Mr. John, elected Professor of
Humanity, 369, 404, 405; his
death, 370, 409, 456.

Ker, Eobert, Lord Newbattle, after-
wards Earl of Lothian, 26.

Ker, William, eldest son of Robert Lord
Roxburgh, 59. (See Corrections.}

Kilsyth, Victory of Montrose over the
Covenanters at, 133.

Kincaid, Mr. Alexander, Bookseller,
415.

Kincaid, Mary, 182.

Kincaid, Thomas, 174, 371.

King, Mr. William, elected Regent of
Philosophy, 55, 56, 58, 61, 63, 65,
67, 68, 71, 73; his salary in-
creased, 74, 75, 79, 80, 84, 91;
becomes minister of Cramond, 95,
96.

Kinloss, Abbot of (Reid), 2.

Kirk of Field, and Provost and Pre-
bendaries of, 2, 3, 4, 7, 16, 20, 56.

Kirkaldy, Session of College held at, 158.

Kirkpatrick, Mr. William, Professor of
Public Law, and Law of Nature
and Nations, 406.

Kirkton, Mr. James, 228.

Kirk wood, Mr. James, candidate for
Professorship of Humanity, 367.

Kniland, Mr. John, elected Librarian,
178, 191, 349.

Knox, Mr. James, elected Regent of
Philosophy, 40, 41, 52 ; becomes
minister of Kelso, 53.

LADY TESTER'S CHURCH, Professors and
Students to be accommodated with
Seats in, 330.

Laing, James, merchant, College Trea-
surer, 316.

Lanark, William, Earl of, concerned in
the Engagement, 146.

Landells, Mr. George, a candidate for
Professorship of Humanity, 367.

Latin language, Importance of the know-
ledge of, in the loth and 16th cen-
turies, 44, 45 ; Scotch pronuncia-
tion of, 69 ; method of studying
and teaching, 221, 376; students
to converse in, 276, 288, 386.

Laud, Dr. William, Archbishop, 92, 98,
103, 167.

Lauder, John, Treasurer of the College,
183, 393.

Lauder, Mr. William, 405.

Lauderdale, John, Duke of, concerned
in the Engagement, 146, 203, 207.
See Maitland, Lord John.

Laurie, Gilbert, College Treasurer, 426-
429.

Laurie, Mr. Robert, one of the minis-
ters of Edinburgh, 139.

Law, late in being taught in the Uni-
versity of Edinburgh, 9 ; fund for
Professorship of, 21, 22, 27, 354.

Law, Civil, Professorship of, instituted,
308, 402, 426.

Law, Public, and the Law of Nature
and Nations, Professorship of, in-
stituted, 294, 295 ; salary of, the
largest in College of Edinburgh,
324 ; salary provided for, 328 ; how
professor of, to be afterwards elect-
ed, 329, 406, 434.

Law, Scots, Professorship of, erected,
328 ; salary provided for, ib. ; how
professor of, to be in future elected,
329, 407, 435.

Law, Mr. John, a candidate for Pro-
fessorship of Humanity, 364.

Law, Mr. John, one of the ministers of
Edinburgh, 234.

Law, Mr. Robert, elected Professor of
Greek, 408 ; his death, ib.

Law, Mr. William, a candidate for Pro-
fessorship of Philosophy, 234 ;
elected, 234-237, 246, 248, 250,
253, 256-260, 262, 264, 267, 270,
273, 274, 277, 278, 280, 285, 287,
290, 291, 293, 294, 297, 298 ; be-
comes Professor of Moral Philo-
sophy, 300-306, 315, 329, 395, 398,
408.

Lawson, Mr. James, minister of Edin-
burgh, active in founding the Col-
lege, 3, 4, 345 ; his banishment and
death, 14, 15, 345, 453-455.

Lawson, James, 183.

Lawtie, John, Apothecary, his legacy
to the College, 77, 389.

Learning, State of, in dark ages, 44.

Leeds, Edward, created LL.D., 311.

Lees, Mr. John, a candidate for Pro-
fessorship of Logic and Metaphy-
sics, 400.

Leighton, Alexander, M.D., his suffer-
ings, 166, 168.

Leighton, Mr. Robert, minister of New-
battle, 161 ; elected Principal of
the College, 166-173, 176, 331;
obtains a gift from Cromwell to the
College, 181, 183 ; becomes Bishop
of Dumblane, 186, 187, 190; his
mortification to the College, 316,
353, 414.

Lennox, Esme, Duke of, 14.

Leslie, Alexander, Writer to the Signet,
184.

472

INDEX.

Leslie, General David, commands the
army of the Covenanters against
the forces of Charles I., 110, 116;
routs Montrose at Philiphaugh,
133; is defeated by Cromwell at
Dunbar, 158.

Lewis, Captain Ninian, 440.

Lewis, Robert, M.D., Edinburgh, 440.

Librarian, Salary of, 102 ; fees of, from
graduates at graduation, 283, 291,
301 ; his first appointment to attend
at stated hours, 347 ; notices of
Librarians, 345-354.

Library, New Public Hall for, 62, 63,
74, 75 ; increase of, 89, 101 ; new
library to be built, 122, 128, 135 ;
contributions to be made by stu-
dents to, 172, 191 ; Librarian
ordered to make two catalogues of,
178, 191, 192, 284, 411; laws of,
351-353, 395, 415 ; masters to sub-
scribe the laws of, 290, 301, 345 ;
new library to be made by raising
the then existing library walls,
423, 426, 429 ; condition on which
the corporation of surgeons were
admitted to borrow books from,
433, 434.

Library, Theological, foundation of, 278.

Lidderdale, Mr. Robert, elected Regent
of Philosophy, 211, 212, 214, 216;
his death, 217, 218.

Lightbody's mortification to the College,
420.

Lind, Dr. James, 444.

Lindsay, Agnes, 3.

Lindsay, Alexander, Widow of, her gift
to the College, 59.

Lindsay, Patrick, Bailie, 326.

Lindsay, Mr. David, minister, 34.

Lindsay, Mr. David, of Aberdeen, 149,
150.

Lindsay, Mr. David, Bishop of Edin-
burgh, 104.

Lindsay, of Byres, Lord, his liberality
to the College, 57, 388.

Linlithgow, Session of the College held
at, 348.

Linn (Lind), Hugh, College Treasurer,
256 ; Bailie, 284.

Litliow, Gideon, elected printer to the
College, 146.

Little, Clement, active in founding the
College, 3, 4 ; his donation of books
to the College, 15, 17, 135, 345,
346, 348, 452-455.

Little, William, brother of the preced-
ing, active in founding the College,
4; elected Provot, 17, 88, 186,
348, 393, l.VJ ;

Liturgy. See Canons. Service Book.

Livingstone, Henry, of Westquarter, 30.

Livingstone, Mr. John, 106.

Livingstone, Mary, mother of Principal
Rollock, 30.

Livingston, William, of Parkhall, 440.

Lockhart, Sir George, 218.

Lockhart, Robert, 392.

Logic, 220, 251, 377; separate pro-
fessorship for, 300 ; professors of,
300, 400, 444.

Logic, Mr. James, Advocate, 101,
347.

Logic, Mr. Kenneth, elected Librarian,
101, 115, 347; becomes minister
of Skirling, 119, 347, 351.

Lorn, Lord, 194, 366.

Lothian, Earl of, 73, 228. See Ker,
Robert.

Loudoun, Lord, 115, 118 ; sent to Charles
I. at Oxford, 1 23 ; concerned in the
Engagement, 146.

Lumisden, Mr. Charles, 17 ; elected Re-
gent, 18 ; resigns and becomes
minister of Duddingston, 18, 20.

MATERIA MEDICA, first erection of a
separate professorship for, 438.

M 'Caul's mortification to the College,
440.

M'Farlane, Ralph, preferred to bursary
of Divinity, 414.

M'Gowan, Mr. James, elected Professor
of Humanity, 176; demits, 183,
184, 361, 362.

Mackall, David, his legacy to the Col-
lege, 111, 390.

Mackay, Mr. John, bursar of Divinity,
420.

Mackenzie, Sir James, Clerk of His
Majesty's Exchequer, 295.

Mackenzie, Mr. John, Deputy-Keeper
of the Signet, 447.

Mackenzie, Mr. Kenneth, Professor of
Civil Law, demits, 426.

Mackie, Mr. Charles, elected Professor
of Universal Civil History, 323,
324, 329 ; obtains a colleague, 423-
426 ; resigns in toto, 435.

M'Lanrin, Mr. Colin, Professor of Ma-
thematics, 343, 395, 409, 410 : his
death, 410.

M'Lfllan. Andrew, Janitor, 311.

M'Lellan, Mr. Robert, a candidate for
Professorship of Humanity, : Y .r,7.

M'Lurg, Sir James, his mortification,
415.

M'Millan, Mr. Alexander, lU-piity-
Keeper of the Signet, 409.

INDEX.

473

M'Morran, John, his mortification to
the College, 414.

M'Murdo, Mr. Gilbert, Professor of
Humanity, elected Professor of
Philosophy, 208-210, 212; his
death, 214, 367, 368.

M'Queen, Mr. Robert, Advocate, 446.

Magistrand Class, 10.

Maitland, Sir John, Lord Thirlestane,
Chancellor, 61.

Maitland, John, Lord, one of the Scot-
tish deputies to Assembly of Di-
vines at Westminster, 124.

Maitland, Mr. William, gift from Town-
Council to, to assist in publishing
his History of Edinburgh, 422.

Majoribanks, John, Bailie, 183, 391.

Malignants, 159.

Manderston, Andrew, bursar of Philo-
sophy, 421.

Manderston, Patrick (or Robert), College
Treasurer, 402, 408.

Mar, Countess of. See Stewart, Mary.

Marshall, James, Janitor of the College,
138.

Marshall, Mr. Stephen, 124.

Mary, Queen of Scots, her marriage
with the dauphin of France, 345 ;
her liberality to the city of Edin-
burgh, 6 ; her death, 19.

Mary, daughter of James VII., proclaim-
ed Queen of England, 225, 227.

Massie, Mr. Andrew, elected Professor
of Philosophy, 209, 210, 212, 214,
216, 218, 223, 225, 226, 235-238,
244, 246, 248, 250, 254 ; deprived,
259 ; reponed by the Court of Ses-
sion, 264, 266, 267, 270, 273, 274,
277, 278, 280; his resignation,
285.

Mason, John, merchant, his legacy to
the College, 77, 389

Master of Arts, Degree of, 11; the only
degree conferred by the College of
Edinburgh for many years, 50, 131 ;
the taking of, becomes more irre-
gular, 305.

Mathematics, Appointment of one of the
Regents to be Professor of, 336,
337, 199, 221 ; appointment of a
separate Professor of, 204, 339 ;
salary of Professor of, second largest
in the College, 324, 344; notices
of Professors of, 336-344.

Maxwell, John, afterwards Bishop of
Ross, 92.

Mead, Dr. Richard, 317.

Medicine, late in being taught in Col-
lege of Edinburgh, 9 ; attempts to
found a medical school, 215 ; three

Professors of Medicine appointed,
ib.

Medicine, Chair of Institutes of, founded,
394, 416, 417, 436, 443, 445, 448.

Medicine, Chair of Practice of, insti-
tuted, 394, 416, 436, 443.

Meldrum, Mr. George, minister of Edin-
burgh, 270; elected Professor of
Divinity, 277, 280, 289, 295, 298,
335 ; his death, 304, 320.

Melrose, Thomas, Earl of, 86.

Melville, Mr. Andrew, his verses on
Principal Rollock referred to, 375.

Melville, Charles, obtains the degree of
M D., 312.

Melville, George, Earl of, King Wil-
liam's Commissioner to the Scot-
tish Parliament, 227.

Menteith, Mr. Robert, a candidate for
Professorship of Divinity, 92, 93.

Menzies, Mr. John, elected Professor of
Divinity, 335.

Mersington, Lord (Sir Alexander Swin-
ton), 228.

Mestertoun, James, 390.

Metaphysics, Professorship of, long dor-
mant, 88, 220, 251. See Logic.

Middleton, Mr. Alexander, a Professor
in Aberdeen College, 201.

Middleton, Dr. George, Principal of
King's College, Aberdeen, 238,
241, 248.

Middleton, John, Earl of, 186.

Midwifery, Professorship of, founded,
395/408, 427.

Mien, Mr. John, appointed Librarian,
172, 173, 177, 349.

Miller, Thomas, Lord Justice-Clerk,
447.

Milne, Mr. John, goldsmith, 173.

Milne, John, King's master mason, 183,
192, 363.

Milne, John, preferred to bursary of
Philosophy, 414.

Ministers of Edinburgh. See Edin-
burgh, Ministers of.

Minto, Lord (Elliot), 409.

Mitchel, Dr. David, Fellow of the Royal
College of Physicians, Edinburgh,
308.

Mitchell, of Mitchill's mortification to
the College, 440.

Moir, Mr. John, Professor of Civil Law,
King's College, Aberdeen, 238.

Moncrieff, Mr. John, one of the ministers
of Edinburgh, 280.

Monk, General, 165 ; proclaims Richard
Cromwell Protector in Scotland,
183, 185.

Monro, Dr. Alexander, elected Princi-

474

INDEX.

pal of the College, 216, 217, 223,
226, 227, 331 ; deprived by Com-
mission of Visitation, 229-230,
232.

Monro, Dr. Alexander, Primus, Professor
of Anatomy, 343 ; obtains a theatre
in College for public dissections,
395, 406, 410, 421 ; obtains his son
as his colleague, 425 ; obtains a
new Commission, 427 ; his petition
for a new theatre, 434.

Monro, Alexander, Secundus, 425; ob-
tains a new Commission, 427 ;
again obtains a new Commission
appointing him Professor of Medi-
cine, Anatomy, and Surgery, 450.

Monro, Alexander, Tertius, 425.

Monro, Mr. Andrew, elected Librarian,
119; his death, 134, 347, 348.

Monro, Mr. David, elected Regent, 52,
53 ; resigns, 54, 55.

Monro, John, burgess of Edinburgh,
347.

Montrose, Marquis of, his exploits, 129,
133; routed at Philiphaugh, 33.

Moral Philosophy, Professorship of,
when formed into a separate chair,
300 ; Professors of, 300, 398, 403,
413, 425, 433, 446. See Ethics.

Moray, Alexander, Earl of, 208.

More, Mr. William, 149, 150.

Morison, Mr. Alexander, afterwards
Lord Prestongrange, 82 ; elected
Rector of the College, 90, 91, 333.

Mortcloths, Public, of Edinburgh, pro-
fits arising from, to be applied for
increasing salaries of the Profes-
sors, 58.

Morton, James, Earl of, Regent, 4, 5, 14.

Moseley, Edward, one of Cromwell's
Judges in Scotland, 165, 184, 362.

Moubray, Mr. John, obtains the degree
of M.D., 330.

Mowat, Mr. Gilbert, 393.

Muir, James, his donation to the Col-
lege, 1 !_>.

Muir, Thomas, his legacy to the Col-
390.

Muirhcad, William, a bursar, 29.

Murdoch, Mr. John, French teacher,
410.

Mure, Sir Thomas, Provost of Edin-
burgh, Theses dedicated to, 244.

Murray, Sir Alexander, of Stanhope,
419.

Murray, James, contributes for build-
ings of the College, 1-J-.

Murrnv. J;im's bi* mortification to the
College, 390.

Murray, Robert, 393.

Museum, Old Library to be fitted up
for, 434.

NAIBNE, Mr. Duncan, Regent, 12, 15 ;
subscribes the National Covenant,
17 ; his death, 18.

Nairne, Mr. James, appointed Librarian,
164, 170, 172, 349; his mortifica-
tion to the College, 316, 414.

Nasmyth, Sir Michael, of Posso, 78.

Natural History, Professorship of, insti-
tuted, 440.

Natural Philosophy, when Professorship
of, became a separate chair, 300 ;
apparatus provided for class of, 304,
415 ; Professors of, 300, 410, 428,
433, 445.

Neil, Patrick, printer, 434.

Nevay, Mr. David, 150, 154.

Nevoy, Sir David, of Reidy, 363.

Newbattle, Lord, 73. See Ker, Robert.

Newburn, defeat of Charles I. by the
Scots at, 118.

Newton, Mr. Adam, Professor of Law,
delivers lectures on Humanity, 22,
355.

Newton, Mr. Archibald, a candidate for
Professorship of Humanity, 99,
359 ; afterwards minister at Liber-
ton, 99.

Newton, Sir Isaac, 51 ; his theory of
the tides animadverted upon, 263 ;
his doctrine of the equatorial dia-
meter of the earth compared with
the polar, animadverted upon, 263,
339, 340, 342, 343; recommends
Mr. Colin M'Laurin to Mathemati-
cal chair of Edinburgh College, 395.

Nicol, or Nicolson, John, elected Janitor
of the College, 170; deposed by
Town-Council, 206.

Nicolson, Mr. John, 55.

Nimmo, James, Bailie, 396.

Nimmo, William, bursar of philosophy,
420.

Nisbet, Alexander, 362.

Nisbet, Mr. John, Advocate, 184, 362.

Nisbet, John, College Treasurer, 427.

Nisbet, Sir William, of Dean, Provost,
his donation to the College, 72, 75,
889.

Nobles, exiled by James VI., 14 ; re-
stored, lt'>.

Nye, Mr. Philip, 124.

OATH of allegiance an<l supn-i

mi'l-T Charles It., Principal and
Professors of the Collcp- <>f Kdin-
burgh required to take, r.(4, 195.

< >ath of allegiance to King William and

INDEX.

475

Qneen Mary to be taken by all Pro-
fessors in Colleges, 227.

Oaths subscribed by Students at their
graduation, 101.

Orations, to be delivered at the College,
221, 222, 251.

Oswald, Mr. George, obtains the degree
of M.D., 327.

Otto, Julius Conradus, appointed Pro-
fessor of Hebrew, 121, 156, 170;
his resignation or death, 175.

Oxford, Magdalene College, arbitrary
attempt on, by James VII., 218.

PAKTER, Mr. Patrick, a candidate for
Professorship of Philosophy, 81-83 ;
afterwards Professor of Divinity at
St. Andrews, 83.

Parliament, held at Linlithgow, 16 ;
ministers to be represented in, 26 ;
held in 1617, 64 ; the Black Par-
liament in 1618, 75, 76 ; Parlia-
ment held in 1633, 96, 98; in
1640, 115; in 1641, 119; conces-
sions made by Charles I. to the
Presbyterians in this Parliament,
120.

Paterson, Mr. John, Bishop of Edin-
burgh, becomes Chancellor of the
University, 216.

Paterson, Mr. Eobert, Principal of
Marischal College, Aberdeen, 248.

Paterson, Mr. William, elected Profes-
sor of Philosophy, 196, 200, 204-
208 ; made Clerk to the Privy
Council, 209.

Peacock, Mr. George, Eegent, Maris-
chal College, Aberdeen, 248.

Peirson, Mr. Alexander, Advocate, 82.

Penman, John, Bailie : his mortification
to the College, 249, 316.

Perth Articles, 76, 98; abolished by
the General Assembly of 1638,
109.

Perth, James, Earl of, Chancellor, 215 ;
a Roman Catholic, 217.

Petrie, Andrew, preferred to bursary of
Philosophy, 414, 419.

Petrie, Mr. Robert, minister of Canno-
by, 419.

Philiphaugh, Defeat of Marquis of Mon-
trose at, 133.

Philosophy, Teaching of, 143.

Philosophy, Moral. See Moral Philo-
sophy.

Philosophy, Natural. See Natural Phi-
losophy.

Physics, 251, 259, 376.

Piggot, Margaret, relict of Mr. John

Goodall, Professor of Hebrew, 322,
402.

Pillans, Mr. James, elected Professor of
Humanity, 126, 134, 156, 160 ;
elected Professor of Philosophy,
164, 360, 169, 170, 173, 175, 177,
183-185, 187, 189 196, 200, 203-
209, 353, 361 ; resigns, 211.

Pitcairne, Archibald, Professor of Medi-
cine in the College, 215.

Pitliver, Laird of, 228.

Plague, 16, 17, 42, 53-56, 80, 130, 132-
134, 348.

Playfair, Dr. John, Professor of Mathe-
matics. 343, 344.

Plummer, Dr. Andrew, 393, 394, 398,
407, 410 ; elected Professor of
Medicine and Chemistry, 416, 417 ;
his death, 426, 427.

Pneumatologia, 251.

Poetry, Latin, 65.

Pont, Mr. Robert, minister of West
Church, Edinburgh ; his verses on
Principal Rollock referred to, 373.

Pope, The, Bull of, necessary before the
Reformation for the erection of a
College, 5, 8 ; students burn the
Pope in effigy, 210.

Popery, 104, 170.

Porphyry, 47 ; Isagoge of, 377, 379.

Porter, William, merchant ; his legacy
to the College, 132.

Porter of the College, 102.

Porterfield, Dr. William, elected Pro-
fessor of the Institutes and Prac-
tice of Medicine, 394.

Prelacy. See Episcopacy.

Prelates, Scottish, 103-

Presbyterian Government, established,
23, 24 ; tumult at Edinburgh well-
nigh fatal to, 25 ; designs of James
VI. to subvert, 26.

Presbyteries to send bursars of Divinity
to the University, 240.

Preston, Charles, Doctor of Medicine,
309.

Preston, Mr. George, apothecary, elected
Professor of Botany and master of
the Physic Gardens, 309, 310, 394,
407.

Preston, The Pretender's army surren-
der at, 314.

Pretender, lands in Scotland, 315.

Prince, Sir Magnus, Provost, Theses
dedicated to, 224.

Pringle, James, of Torwoodlee ; his mor-
tification to the College, 317.

Pringle, John, M.D., elected Professor
of Ethics, 403, 406, 412 ; his re-
signation, 412.

476

INDEX.

Pringle, Mr. John, elected Professor of
Universal Civil History, 435.

Protesters. See Besolutioners and Re-
monstrants.

Provisions, Dearth of, 24.

Pyot, Mr. Alexander, minister of Dun-
bar, 421.

Pyot, John Graham, son of the preced-
ing, bursar of Philosophy, 421.

QUEENSBERRY, Marquis of, 214; Duke

of, 216, 295.
Quincy, John, receives the degree of

M.D., 317.

RAE, Mr. David, advocate, 447.

Radose, Weneslaus, a Polish bursar,
404.

Raith, Melville, Lord, 228.

Ramsay, Mr. Andrew, one of the mini-
sters of Edinburgh, elected Profes-
sor of Divinity, and also Lord Rec-
tor of the University, 74 ; resigns
both offices, 89, 93 ; refuses to in-
timate the royal mandate as to the
Service-Book, 104 ; promotes the
renovation of the National Cove-
nant, 106, 107, 115; again elected
Rector, 138-142 ; re-elected Rec-
tor, 145, 333, 334 ; suspended and
deposed by General Assembly for
favouring the Engagement, 148.

Ramsay, Sir Andrew, Provost of Edin-
burgh, 192, 196, 200.

Ramsay, Sir Andrew, junior, 200.

Ramsay, Sir Andrew ; his mortification
to the College, 403, 420, 421.

Ramsay, Dr. Robert, appointed Profes-
sor of Natural History, 440, 448.

Ramsay, Mr. William, College Trea-
surer, 431.

Humus, Peter, his Dialectics, 31, 47,
48, 376.

Kunken, Mr. Robert, elected Professor
of Philosophy, 82-84, 89-91, 95, 96,
loo 102; opposed to the renova-
tion of the National Covenant, 106 ;
deprived for refusing to take the
Covenant, 106-108, 166.

Ray, Mr. John, <]< -t- ! Pn.f'.-ssor of
Humanity, 28, l".i, -11, :;.V,, ;:;>7,

; :. -i-tui of tl:

Sri,,,,,], ;,3, 54; hit death, 98, 886;

his verses on Principal Rollock re-

tenv.l t.., 373.
Rebellion of 17i;,. :;i I
Regents, 10 : !< < -led by compar

trial, u.'.vj. :. i

HI, 82, 1"7

fund provided by Court of Session
for salaries of, 27, 388 ; their sala-
ries increased, 138 ; Act of Com-
mission of Visitation as to their ad-
mission, 232, 252 ; duties of, 382,
383.

Reid, Mr. James, elected Regent of
Philosophy, 42, 52-59, 62-72 ; made
Professor of Metaphysics, 74, 77,
79, 84-86 ; dispute between him
and Mr. Struthers, one of the mi-
nisters of Edinburgh, 86-88 ; de-
S rived by the Town-Council, 88 ;
onation to him from the Town-
Council, ib.

Reid, Mr. James, of Pitleithy, 150.

Reid, Robert, Bishop of Orkney ; his
legacy for founding a College in
Edinburgh, 2 ; his death, 345.

Reid, William, Bailie, 183.

Resolutioners and Remonstrants, 159.

Revolution of 1688, 225.

Rhetoric, Professorship of, instituted by
Town-Council, 428; endowed by
the Crown, 431.

Richardson, Margaret ; her donation to
the College, 126.

Richelieu, Cardinal, 95.

Richiesone, Isobel ; her legacy to the
College, 393.

Rig, Mr. William ; his donation to the
College, 75, 389.

Rippon, Treaty of, 118.

Ritchie, Mr. James, Writer, 20.

Robertson, Barbara; her donation to
the College, 72, 389.

Robertson, Mr. Charles, a bursar of
Divinity, 419.

Robertson, Elizabeth, wife of Mr. Wil-
liam Struthers, one of the ministers
of Edinburgh, 127.

Robertson, Mr. Eraucis, minister of
Clyne, 419.

Robertson, Mr. George, elected Regent '
of Philosophy, 24, 25, 27 ; becomes
one of the ministers of Edinburgh,
28; did not long survive. th;it ap-
pointment, 28, 29, 161 ; his life of
Principal Rollock, 373.

I.'obeitsMii, Sir -lames, of Uedley, B

liolu ris..n, Mr. .lanii's. elected Professor
ot llrlin -\v, -122 ; chosen Librarian,
431,434; his diligence in pivpar-
ing an Alphabetical ( 'atalo^ue of
the Library, 438, 43'.'. Ill II.;
456.

i, Dr. William, fleet, d Pi in
cipal, 80, 332, -I -.".I l.'.l. l:;i ; his
petition to the Town Council for
additional College a

INDEX.

477

tion, 435, 438, 439, 441-443, 448,
451.

Robison, Dr. John, elected Professor of
Natural Philosophy, 445 ; requested
to give in to Town-Council a list
of instruments needed for making
experiments, 449, 450.

Holland, Katharine, 178.

Rollo, Lord, 30.

Bollock, David, of Powhouse, 30.

Rollock, Mr. Henry, one of the ministers
of Edinburgh, 93 ; refuses to inti-
mate from the pulpit the royal
mandate as to the Service Book,
104 ; promotes the renovation of
the National Covenant, 106, 107,
115, 117.

Rollock, Mr. Hercules ; his verses on
Principal Rollock referred to, 373.

Rollock, Jean, daughter of Principal
Rollock, 39.

Rollock, Mr. Robert, appointed Regent
in the College, 11, 12, 15; sub-
scribes the National Covenant, 17 ;
elected Principal, 18 ; made Pro-
fessor of Divinity, 19, 21, 331, 334,
455 ; intercedes with James VI.
for the ministers of Edinburgh, 26,
27 ; his death and character, 30-
36 ; respect shown to his memory,
39, 373, 374 ; annuity granted by
Town-Council to his widow, 39 ;
and portion also granted to his
daughter, ib., 100, 346.

Ross, Mr. Andrew, elected Professor of
Humanity, 192 ; elected Regent of
Philosophy, 193-195; his death,
195, 196, 367.

Ross, Mr. John, a candidate for Pro-
fessorship of Philosophy, 234.

Rothes, John, Earl of, 118.'

Rothes, John, Earl, afterwards Duke
of, 190.

Roughead, James, Treasurer of the
City of Edinburgh, 352.

Row, Mr. John, elected Professor of
Philosophy, 258, 259, 262, 264,
267, 270, 271 ; resigns, 272, 273.

Roxburgh, Robert, Lord. See Ker,
William.

Ruddiman, Mr. Thomas, and Mr. James
Davidson, resign as Printers to the
College, 424.

Rule, Mr. Alexander, elected Professor
of Hebrew, 249, 250, 273 ; resigns,
277, 293, 302.

Rule, Archibald, Bailie, 302.

Rule, Gilbert, Dr., 228 ; elected Prin-
cipal, 232, 233, 235, 332 ; his pub-
lic inaugural oration, 236, 238,

244, 248, 249, 273 ; his death, 284,
287, 293, 320.

Russell, Mr. James, appointed Professor
of Natural Philosophy, 433, 434,
441, 442 ; his death, 444.

Russell, Mr. James, son of the preced-
ing, Professor of Clinical Surgery,
433.

Rutherford, Dr. John, 394, 396, 399-
407, 410 ; appointed Professor of
the Theory and Practice of Medi-
cine, 416, 417, 436.

Rutherford, Mr. Robert, bursar of Divi-
nity, 415.

Rutherford, Mr. Samuel, elected Pro-
fessor of Humanity, 79 ; resigns,
84, 358, 359; donation to him
from Town-Council, 85 ; one of
the Scottish deputies to Assembly
of Divines at "Westminster, 124,
149, 150, 334.

Rutherford, Dr. Daniel, a candidate for
Professorship of Institutes of Medi-
cine, 443.

Ruthven, Alexander, brother to the
Earl of Gowrie, 373-375.

Ruthven, David, Lord, 228.

Ruthven, The Raid of, 14.

Rynd, William, tutor to Lord Gowrie,
24.

SACROBOSCO, John de, The Sphere of,
378.

Sandilands, Mark, Bailie, 409.

Sandilands, Mr. Robert, one of the
ministers of Edinburgh, 280.

Sandilands, Robert, Dean of Guild, 363.

Sands, Mr. Patrick, 19, 20 ; elected Re-
gent of Philosophy, 21-25 ; accom-
panies Lord Newbattle on his tra-
vels, 27, 65-67 ; elected Principal,
73, 74, 82, 331.

Sands, William, College Treasurer, 422.

Scholastics, 220.

Schoner, Margaret. See Forret, Lady.

Schools, Overtures for the advancement
of learning in, passed into an Act
by the General Assembly of 1645,
1 30 ; Royal Commission for Visita-
tion of, 218, 219 ; Act of Conven-
tion of Estates appointing a Visi-
tation of, 225. See Universities.

Schultens, Joannes Jacobus, Professor
of Oriental Languages at Ley den,
422.

Sclater, Andrew, 15.

Scott, Mr. James, chemist ; his arrears
due to the College, 429.

Scott, Mr. John ; his verses on Princi-
pal Rollock referred to, 373.

478

INDEX.

Scott, Mr. Robert, elected Regent of
Philosophy, 40-42 ; becomes one of
the ministers of Glasgow, 42.

Scott, William of Ely, Principal Rollock
recommends the care of his funeral
to, 38.

Scott, Mr. William, elected Professor of
Philosophy, 258, 260, 262, 264,
267, 273, 274, 277, 278-280, 283,
285, 287, 290, 293, 294, 297, 298 ;
becomes Professor of Greek, 300,
301, 303, 306, 307, 310-319, 324,
326-330, 394, 396 ; is elected Pro-
fessor of Ethics, 398, 399 ; obtains
a colleague, 403.

Scott, Mr. William, junior, trial of his
qualifications for Professorship of
Greek, 398 ; is found qualified,
399 ; his death, ib.

Scougall, Mr. Patrick, elected Professor
of Divinity, 189, 334 ; does not ac-
cept, ib.

Scrimger, Mr. Alexander, elected Re-
gent, 18-20 ; removed for miscon-
duct, 21.

Semi-Bejan Class, 10.

Service Book, or Liturgy, to be imposed
on the Church of Scotland, 103;
its character, 104 ; tumult at first
reading of, in St. Giles's Church,
Edinburgh, 104, 105.

Seton, Sir Alexander, Lord Fyvie, after-
wards Earl of Dunfermline, 37, 41,
53.

Seton, James, elected Janitor, 311 ; his
death, 402.

Shakspere, William, 69.

Sharp, James, Archbishop of St.
Andrews, 189.

Sharp, Mr. William, Keeper of the
Signet, 363.

Sharpe, Dr. John, elected Professor of
Divinity, 94, 95, 334; his salary
augmented, 101 ; promotes the re-
novation of the National Covenant,
106, 115, 139 ; his death, 145, 156.

Shaw, Mr. Duncan, bursar of Divinity,
420.

Shaw, James, Porter of the College,
53.

Shearers, Charles, of Dort, hie dona-
tion to the College, 61, 95, 388,
390.

Sli-;ir.T, .1. .1m, '.'">, 390.

Sheroski, Gabriel Bernia, a Polish stu-
dent. :i'.'7.

Sibbald, Sir Robert, Professor of Medi-
cine in the College, 215 ; turns
Papist, and afterwards recants, ib.

Simpson, Alexander, I'.ailic,

Simson, John, Professor of Divinity in

College of Glasgow, 397.
Simson, Mr. Patrick, Dean of Faculty,

248.

Simson, Thomas, Convener, 447.
Simson, William, bursar of Philosophy,

420.
Sinclair, Dr. Andrew, Professor of

medicine, 394, 396, 399, 407, 416,

417 ; his ill health, 418.
Sinclair, Mr. George, elected Regent of

Philosophy, 192, 193; Professor of

Mathematics, 204.
Sinclair, Mr. George, advocate, 402.
Sinclair, Mr. John, minister at Penny-

cuick, 102.
Sinclair, Mr. John, minister of Ormi-

ston, 237.

Sinclair, Sir John, Dean of Guild, 352.
Sinclair, Mr. Patrick, elected Professor

of Hebrew, 237.
Skene, Sir James, 111.
Smellie, Alexander, schoolmaster in

Lanark, 440.
Smith, Mr. Hugh, elected Regent of

Humanity, 184 ; elected Regent of

Philosophy, 188-190, 192, 353,

362 ; his death, 193.
Smith, Mr. James, one of the ministers

of Edinburgh, elected Professor of

Divinity, 402 ; elected Principal,

ib. ; his death, 406, 332, 335.
Smith, Sir John, Provost of Edin-
burgh, 136.
Smith, Mr. Robert, surgeon, elected

Professor of Midwifery, 408 ; de-
mits, 426.
Somerville, Andrew, writer, Edinburgh,

402.

Somerville, Mr. Bartholomew, his dona-
tion to the College, 111, 182, 390.
Somerville, Peter, 111.
Somerville, Mr. William, appointed

Librarian, 193, 194, 350.
Spear, Thomas, 388 ; his legacy to the

College, 75, 389.
Speculative Society, 446.
Speir, Mr. Thomas, elected Librarian,

134, 135; his death, 135, 348,

349.
Sponsio to be subscribed by students,

175, 212, 223, 227. Sec AV//*-

liurtfh, Students of the Un<

of.
Spottiswood, John, Writer to the iSi

451.
St. Andrews, Archbishop of, op]

to the establishment of a College in

Kdinburgh, 13.
St. Andrews, University of, 5 ; a method

INDEX.

479

of teaching given in by, 219-223 ;
animadversions of, upon Special
Physics, prepared by King's Col-
lege, Aberdeen, for a uniform
method of teaching, 262, 263;
its Logic and Metaphysics to be
taught in all the colleges, 264,
265.

St. Clair, Dr. Andrew. See Sinclair,
Dr. Andrew.

St. Clair, Dr. Matthew, President of the
Eoyal College of Physicians, Edin-
burgh, 308.

Stage Plays, Act of Town-Council of
Edinburgh for suppression of, 411.

Stair, Earl of, 412.

Stair, Master of, 228.

Stephen, John, Bailie, 434.

Stevenson, Mr. Andrew, elected interim
Eegent of Philosophy, 59, 60 ;
elected Professor of Humanity, 79 ;
and Professor of Philosophy, 79,
81, 84, 88, 91, 93, 96, 99, 101, 103,
106, 111, 352, 358; becomes mini-
ster of Dunbar, 111, 112.

Stevenson, Mr. John, elected Librarian,
177; his death, 178, 349.

Stevenson, Mr. John, elected Professor
of Logic and Metaphysics, 400 ;
obtains a colleague, 444 ; his death,
444, 456.

Stewart, Mr. Alexander, one of the
ministers of West Kirk, Edinburgh,
456.

Stewart, Mr. Charles, minister of Camp-
beltown, 414.

Stewart, Dugald, son of the preceding,
preferred to bursary of Philosophy,
414.

Stewart, Mr. Dugald, minister of Rothe-
say, 419.

Stewart, Mr. Dugald, Professor of Ma-
thematics. 343, 446; Professor of
Moral Philosophy, 344, 446, 447 ;
made a burgess of Edinburgh, 447,
448, 450, 451.

Stewart, Mr. George. See Stuart, Mr.
George.

Stewart, Captain James, 14.

Stewart, Sir James, of Kirkfield, Lord
Provost, 157, 183 ; Lord Advocate,
279-281, 392.

Stewart, John, afterwards Earl of Tra-
quair, 62.

Stewart, Dr. John, elected Professor of
Natural Philosophy, 410, 423 ; his
death, 428.

Stewart, Margaret, her donation to the
College, 80, 389.

Stewart, Mary, Countess of Mar, 392.

Stewart, Dr. Matthew, Professor of Ma-
thematics, 343, 418, 419, 423 ; ob-
tains his son as his colleague, 446.

Stewart, Mr. Robert, a candidate for
Professorship of Philosophy, 234.

Stewart, Mr. Robert, elected Professor
of Philosophy, 285, 287, 290, 293,
297, 298; becomes Professor of
Natural Philosophy, 300, 301, 303,
306, 307, 310-319, 325-330, 395,
399 ; obtains his son John as his
assistant, 410.

Stewart, Sir Thomas, ot Coltness, 285,
410.

Stewart, William, chosen Under-Janitor
of the College, 436.

Stirling, Deacon, 233.

Stobo, Alexander, his legacy to the
College, 72, 388.

Stonefield, Lord, 447.

Strachan, Dr. John, elected Professor of
Divinity, 213, 226; deprived by
Commission of Visitation, 230-232,
335.

Strang, Mr. John, 141, 142.

Struthers, Mr. William, one of the
ministers of Edinburgh, 86-88, 93 ;
his donation to the College, 126,
392, 420.

Stuart, Mr. George, Professor of Hu-
manity, 370,409 ; elected Librarian,
415 ; has finished an alphabetical
catalogue of books in College Lib-
rary, 419-422, 426, 427, 430; de-
mits the office of Librarian, 431,
441, 442 ; obtains a colleague, 447,
456.

Students, Engagement to be subscribed
by, against tumultuous proceedings,
236, 237 ; act of Privy Council for
preventing tumults among, 246-
249, 257 ; forbidden to play at dice,
276 ; forbidden to enter taverns,
277; duties of, 383-386.

Supervenientes, Students so called, 184.

Surgeons, Corporation of, condition of
their admission to borrow books
from College Library, 433.

Sutherland, James, master of the Physic
Garden, elected Professor of Botany,
253, 254.

Suttie, Mr. Andrew, elected Librarian,
135; elected Regent of Philosophy,
144, 150, 153, 154, 156, 161, 162 ;
his death, 164, 349, 360.

Suttie, George, Bailie, 115 ; contributes
for the buildings of the College,
128, 135, 390.

Sydserf, Thomas, afterwards Bishop of
Galloway, 92.

480

INDEX.

Syme, Andrew, appointed keeper of
mortcloths, 423.

TALJEUS, Rhetoric of, 377, 379.

Tanner, Mr. Thomas, 163.

Tennant, Alexander, bursar of Philo-
sophy, 421.

Teviot, Earl of, his legacy to the Col-
lege, 194.

Theology. See Divinity.

Theses, when first printed, 25, 48, 375 ;
disputation on, before graduation,
49, 50, 53, 61, 72, 81, 86, 198,
< 202, 240.

Thirlstane, Lord. See Maitland.

Thomson, Alexander, bursar of Philo-
sophy, 421.

Thomson, Mr. George, his verses on
Principal Rollock referred to, 375.

Thomson, William, Edinburgh City
Clerk, contributes for College build-
ings, ^128.

Tippermuir, Defeat of the Covenanters
at, 129.

Tran, Mr. John, a Professor in Glasgow
College, 201.

Traquair, Earl of. See Stewart, John.

Trinity College Church, Gallery in,
allotted to Students, 41.

Trotter, John, contributes for buildings
of the College, 128.

Trotter, William, Bailie, 447.

Turner, Mr. William, candidate for Pro-
fessorship of Humanity, 364.

Tweedie, Mr. William, elected Professor
of Philosophy, 125, 134, 138; be-
comes minister of Slamannan Muir,
144, 145 ; again elected Professor
of Philosophy, 177, 183-191 ; his
death, 192, 353, 361, 366; his
legacy to the College, 195, 316.

UDWARD, Mr. Nathaniel, his verses on
Principal Rollock, 373.

University, Bull of the Pope necessary,
before the Reformation, for found-
ing 0,5.

Universities, Foreign, Scottish Students
of Law and Medicine long resorted
to, 9.

Universities, Overtures concerning, by
General Assembly of 1641 to be
laid before tin? King and Parlia-
ment, 120; Bishops revenues to
be applied for supporting, \b. ; over-
tnrrs for the advancement of learn-
ing in, passed into an act by the
General Assembly of 1645, 130;
meeting of delegates from, 139-

144, 149-153, 201-203; visitation
of, 144, 165 ; Royal Commission
for Visitation of, 218, 219 ; paper
by the University of St. Andrews,
concerning a method of teaching
in, 219-223; Act of Convention of
Estates appointing a visitation of,
225 ; visitors named and appointed,
228; meet, ib.\ Committee for
University of Edinburgh, ib. ; their
proceedings, 229-232 ; meeting of
delegates from different Univer-
sities, 238 ; minutes of their pro-
ceedings, 239-244, 248; overtures
of Committee of Commission of
Visitation, 251-253 ; act of Com-
mission of Visitation for introduc-
ing a uniform method of teaching
the different parts of Philosophy,
254-256, 259, 261, 262, 264-266;
certain propositions condemned by
Commission of Visitation, 268-272.

University of Aberdeen. See Aber-
deen, King's College in, etc.

University of Edinburgh. See Edin-
burgh, University of.

University of Glasgow. See Glasgow,
University of.

University of St. Andrews. See St.
Andrews, University of.

Ure, Alexander, preferred to Bursary of
Philosophy, 414.

Urquhart, Dr. Patrick, Professor of
Medicine, King's College, Aber-
deen, 238.

VANE, SIR HENRY, 123.

Veitch, Mr. James, Advocate, a candi-
date for Professorship of Civil Law,
426.

WALLACE, Mr. William, Advocate, elec-
ted Professor of Universal Civil
History, 425, 426; resigns, 435;
elected Professor of Scots Law, ib.

Wallis, John, 340.

Wardrop's mortification to the Collect-.
439.

Wardrop, Mr. Alexander, bursar of
Divinity, 439.

Warrander, Captain, deacon, 233.

W;irrander, George, of Lo< -Ix-nd, 313.

Warriston, Lord. See Johnston, An-hi-
bald.

Watson, Adam, preferred to Bursary of
Philosophy, 414.

Watson, James, Under-Janitor of the
( ollege, 414 ; his death, 436.

INDEX.

481

Watson, William, Porter ohhe College,
61.

Watt, Adam,Town Clerk, 369, 397, 418.

Watt, Mr. Adam, elected Professor of
Humanity, 369, 397, 403.

Webster, Mr. James, one of the minis-
ters of Edinburgh, 273, 280.

Weems, Mr. Matthew, minister of the
Canongate, 106.

Weir's mortification to the College, 420.

AVemyss, David, Earl of, 129.

Wemyss, Mr. George, of St. Andrews,
149, 150.

Western Remonstrance, 159.

Westminster Confession of Faith, See
Confession of Faith.

Winston, Mr. William, 342.

Whytt, Dr. Robert, elected Professor of
Theory and Practice of Medicine,
417, 418 ; his death, 436.

Wier, Mausie ; her donation to the Col-
lege, 121.

Wilcox, Mr. Francis, 163.

Wilkie, David, Dean of Guild, 183.

Wilkie, David, bursar of Divinity, 436.

Wilkie, Marion, 1.32.

Wilkie, Mr. Thomas, one of the minis-
ters of Edinburgh, 280.

Will, David, a candidate for Professor-
ship of Humanity, 79.

William, Prince of Orange, proclaimed
King of England, 225, 227 ; his
gift to College of Edinburgh for
maintaining a new Professor of
Divinity and twenty bursars of
Divinity, 250, 256 (see Bursars
of Divinity); his gift to the Uni-
versities of Scotland, 271 ; his
death, 278, 284.

Wilson, Alexander, bursar of Philoso-
phy, 440.

Wiseman, Mr. James, elected Professor
of Humanity, 103, 107, 359 ;
elected Professor of Philosophy,
108, 110, 111, 115, 121-125, 134,
138, 139, 144, 150, 151, 154, 156,
160, 161, 164, 170, 172 ; his death,
173, 185, 361.

Wish art, Mr. John, elected Professor of
Humanity, 169, 170, 360 ; be-
comes Professor of Philosophy, 171,
173, 176, 177, 185, 187, 189, 190;
resigns, having been appointed one
of the Commissaries of Edinburgh,
192-196, 200-209, 353 ; finally re-
signs his Professorship, 209.

Wishart, Mr. William, elected Princi-
pal, 315, 329, 332, 395, 399, 401.

Wisharr, Dr. William, son of the pre-
ceding, Principal, 332, 370 406,
407, 421 ; his death, 424.

Witticisms, the peculiar taste for, in the
time of James VI., 69.

Wood, Mr. John, elected Regent of
Philosophy, 194, 196, 200-208 ; his
death, 367.

Wood, Mungo, Edinburgh City Trea-
surer, 339, 456.

Woodside, Hugh, of the Isle of Man ;
his legacy of books to the College,
429, 430.

Worcester, Battle at, 161.

Worship, Public, attendance on required
of students, 13.

Wright, Alexander, merchant ; his do-
nation to the College, 117, 391,
440.

Wright, Mr. James, elected Professor
of Philosophy, 108, 111, 115, 337 ;
becomes minister ot'Cockburnspath,
118, 188.

Wright, Hugh ; his mortification to the
College, 71, 388, 390.

YETTS, John, Bailie, 413.

Young, Mr. Andrew, minister of Aber-
corn, 360.

Young, Mr. Andrew, elected Professor
of Philosophy, 40, 42, 43, 52-58 ;
his ill health, 59, 60 ; recovers,
60-68, 71, 73, 358 ; made Profes-
sor of Mathematics, 74, 75, 77,
336; his death, 78, 81.

Young, James ; his donation to the Col-
lege, 72, 389.

Young, Mr. John, interim teacher of
Mathematics in the College, 205,
206 ; his salary augmented, 207,
213.

Young, Mr. Robert, a candidate for
Professorship of Philosophy, 107 ;
elected Professor of Humanity, 108,
115 ; presented to the church of
Dumbarney, 125 ; resigns his Pro-
fessorship, 126, 360.

Young, Thomas, surgeon, elected Pro-
fessor of Midwifery, 427, 441.

ZUILL, Margaret ; her mortification to
the College, 390.

2 H

CORRECTIONS,

PAGE 59, line 8, " Robert Ker, eldest son of Lord Roxburgh," so in MS. ; but it

should have been " William Ker, eldest son of Robert Lord Roxburgh."
Page 62, line 16, for George, read James.
Page 75, line 16, " 23d of January," so in MS. ; but it should have been ' 3d

of January."
Page 176, line 28, "October, 1653," so in MS. ; but it should have been, " March

1 1654."

Page 203, line 1 9, for Ward, read Wood.
Page 265, line 28, "the Pneumatics, Logic," so in MS.: it should probably hav-

been " Pneumatologia."
Page 328, line 4, for Revas, read Reras.

Page 332, line 15, for November 20, 1737, read November 10, 1736.
Page 335, line 10, for 1727, read 1627.

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